expoaperture Depth-of-Field Guide Manual www.expoimaging.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 Preface The original ExpoAperture Depth of Field Guide was introduced over 20 years ago. Primarily designed to be used with 35mm and medium format film cameras, the original Guide used a fixed circle-of-confusion to make the necessary depth-of-field calculations. Although the two formats required different circle-of-confusions, calculations were easily converted between the two formats through a simple mental calculation. This was possible because George A.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 Table of Contents 1. - An Introduction to Depth-Of-Field - 4 1.A. - Focus as a Compositional Tool - 4 1.B - Controlling Depth of Field - 5 1.C - Image Sharpness - 6 1.D - Permissible Circle-of-Confusion - 7 1.E - The Advent of Digital Cameras - 9 1.F – Conclusion: Taking Advantage of Depth-of-Field in Your Photography - 10 2. - Using the ExpoAperture2 Depth-Of-Field Guide - 11 2.A - Distance Dial - 11 2.B - Focus Zone Dial - 11 2.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 1. - An Introduction to Depth-Of-Field "There is nothing wrong with your television set. Do not attempt to adjust the picture… We can reduce the focus to a soft blur, or sharpen it to crystal clarity..." The Outer Limits Opening narration, The Control Voice, 1963-1965 The human eye is marvelously flexible and adaptive.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 Hyperfocal distance – In landscape photography in particular, photographers want as much of the picture in sharp focus as possible. In the 1920s, such notables as Ansel Adams and Edward Weston, along with several other photographers of the time, started the "Group f64" which was dedicated to making photographs as sharp as possible throughout. The group met only a few times and held only three shows, the first at the de Young Memorial Museum in San Francisco.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 Focusing distance – Some lenses have markings on their barrels that indicate the distance at which the lens is focused. Some fixed focal length lenses may also have depth-of-field indicator lines that show a range of distances determined by the lens' manufacturer that will be rendered in sharp focus when the lens is set at a particular f/stop. Almost all variable focus length lenses (zoom lenses) do not have depth-of-field markings.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 aperture setting. For an f/2.8 lens this would be f/5.6 or f/8. Therefore, using a smaller aperture, like f/16 or f/22 to improve depth-of-field may actually decrease sharpness in your photos. The most common reason for lack of sharpness in photographs is camera movement, or what is commonly referred to as motion blur. You can usually assume that camera movement reduced sharpness in a photograph when nothing in the image is in focus.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 starting with a discussion of the circle-of-confusion present in the final print is because it is the most subjective of the variables and depends on factors outside of the camera, in particular the photographer's visualization. In determining the circle-of-confusion, prints are considered to be viewed at a distance equal to their diagonal dimension. In actuality, prints are viewed from distances further away. An 8" x 10" print has a diagonal of 12.8 inches.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 We have included a chart with the ExpoAperture2 Depth-Of-Field Guide which provides the appropriate circle-of-confusion to use with your camera. Of course, you are free to use any circle-of-confusion you wish depending on your desired final result. 1.E - The Advent of Digital Cameras Unfortunately, the increased popularity of digital cameras has been accompanied by an increase in misconceptions about their depth-of-field capabilities.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 length are handled exponentially in depth-of-field calculations. Depth-of-field changes cannot be computed using a linear variable such as the crop factor of the camera. 1.F – Conclusion: Taking Advantage of Depth-of-Field in Your Photography Depth-of-field can be used creatively to emphasize or deemphasize elements in your photographs.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 2. - Using the ExpoAperture2 Depth-Of-Field Guide The ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide consists of several color-coded dials which can be set to quickly perform depth-of-field calculations. The Guide enables you to easily determine how to set your camera to achieve a desired depth-of-field, to determine what depth-of-field you will achieve given your chosen camera settings, or to determine the hyperfocal distance. 2.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 The following chart shows the focal length of the lens markings on the dial. Focal Length Dial Markings 15 15mm 45 45mm ● 16mm 50 50mm ● 17mm ● 55mm 18 18mm 60 60mm 20 20mm 70 70mm ● 22mm ● 75mm 24 24mm ● 80mm 28 28mm 85 85mm ● 30mm ● 90mm 35 35mm ● 100mm ● 40mm 105 105mm ● 42mm ● 120mm 45 45mm 135 135mm 2.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 Format 35mm half frame APS-C 35mm full frame 6 x 4.5 cm 6 x 6 cm 1 2 Aspect Ratio Suggested CoC in Microns 2 0.75:1 1.5:1 1.5:1 1.3:1 17 use APS-C setting 30 52 2 1.0:1 56 Type of Film 135 Advanced Photo System (APS) 135 120, 220, or 620 120, 220, or 620 As based on a 0.254mm Circle of Confusion in an 8” x 10” enlargement of the captured image.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 2.E - Determining The Correct Aperture and Focal Point Use the following method to determine the correct aperture and focus settings for a specific depth-of-field. Your camera should be in Aperture Priority mode and, unless your subject is at the computed focal point, your camera should be in manual focus mode so that you can manually focus at the correct distance.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 2.F - Determining Depth-of-Field for a Given Aperture and Focal Distance Use this method to determine your depth-of-field when your camera is set to a specific aperture and you know your focal distance. EXAMPLE: The photographer is using a digital SLR camera with a 1.5x crop factor, a 45mm lens stopped down to f/11 and is focusing on a subject that is 7½ feet away.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 EXAMPLE: A photographer is using a Medium Format film camera that produces a 6 x 4.5 cm image and an 85mm lens stopped down to f/22. What is the hyperfocal distance for the photographer’s shot? STEP 1 – Set the Focus Length Dial to the correct format or desired circle-of-confusion that you wish to use, in this case, 6 x 4.5 or 52 microns.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 Next, divide the focal length by this number, and the minimum and maximum distances you use on the Distance Dial by the square of this number, to bring them back to within the usable range on the Depth-of-Field Guide. Therefore, if shooting with a 300mm focal length lens, divide the focal length by 3 and the distances by 9.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 2.I - Close and Macro Photography Setting the Aperture for a Depth-of- Field Ranging from 12”to 24” The inside ring on the Distance Dial (white numbers a blue background) provides measurements from 12” to 24” for close and macro shots. Use these measurements in the standard manner (described previously for depth-of-field from 2’ to infinity) to find the preferred aperture setting for your distance range.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 Bibliography Blaker, Alfred A. (1985). Applied Depth of Field. Boston: Focal Press. Carroll, John S. (Ed.). (1963). Photo-Lab-Index. (22nd lifetime edition). New York: Morgan & Morgan. London, Barbara … (et al.). (2005). Photography. (eighth edition, pp. 56-61). New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Stroebel, Leslie … (et al.). (2000). Basic Photographic Materials and Processes. (second edition, p151-155). Boston: Focal Press.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-field Guide Instruction Manual Documentation version 3.0 PN: EXPOA02MAN Copyright Notice Copyright © 2007 ExpoImaging, Inc. All Rights Reserved. The information contained herein is designed only for use with this ExpoImaging, Inc. (“ExpoImaging”) product. Any technical documentation that is made available by ExpoImaging is the copyrighted work of ExpoImaging and is owned by ExpoImaging. NO WARRANTY ON DOCUMENTATION.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-field Guide Technical Support ExpoImaging offers the following technical support options for help in using or troubleshooting ExpoImaging products. • Online Service and Support Connect to the ExpoImaging Support Web Site at http://expoimaging.net/support, select FAQs and then select your product.
ExpoAperture2 Depth-of-Field Guide Manual V 1.0 TO THE WARRANTY PERIOD IDENTIFIED ABOVE. UNLESS STATED HEREIN, ANY STATEMENT OR REPRESENTATIONS MADE BY ANY OTHER PERSON OR FIRM ARE VOID. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN THIS WRITTEN WARRANTY, EXPOIMAGING, INC. SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS, INCONVIENIENCE OR DAMAGE. INCLUDING DIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, RESULTING FROM THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE EXPOIMAGING PRODUCT, WHETHER RESULTING FROM BREACH OF WARRANTY OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.
