r-Series Digital Microwave Radios Installation and Management Manual Includes Models: EX-4.9r, EX-4.9r-c, EX-4.9r-x, EX-4.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Legal Notice The information contained herein is the property of Exalt Communications, Inc. (“Exalt”) and is supplied without liability for errors or omissions. No part of this document may be reproduced, in any form, except as authorized by contract or other written permission from the owner. Any brand names and product names included in this manual are trademarks, registered trademarks, or trade names of their respective holders.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual About this Document This manual provides a complete description of the EX-5r family of Digital Microwave Radios and related software. This manual provides planners, engineers, installers, system administrators, and technicians general and specific information related to the planning, installation, operation, management, and maintenance of these devices. Revision History Date Detail 2006-09-18 EX-5r release 1.0.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual General Compliance and Safety The usage of radio transmission devices is subject to specific regulatory requirements governed by regional legislation.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Shielded cables and I/O cords must be used for this equipment to comply with the relevant FCC regulations. Changes or modifications not expressly approved in writing by Exalt may void the user’s authority to operate this equipment. This device must be professionally installed. To comply with regulations, the output power of this device may need to be adjusted in accordance to the associated transmission system.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Andrew HPX4F-52-NPA 4-foot Xpol HP Dish 34.5 Andrew HP6F-52-NPA 6-foot HP Dish 37.2 Andrew HPX6F-52-NPA 6-foot Xpol HP Dish 37.2 Andrew FPA5250D06-N 6-inch Panel 18.0 Andrew FPA5250D12-N 1-foot Panel 23.6 Exalt (Integral) 1-foot Xpol Panel 20.0 Gabriel DFPS.5-52 6-inch Panel 18.0 Gabriel DFPD1-52 1-foot Panel 23.5 Gabriel DFPD2-52 2-foot Panel 28.0 Gabriel QF2-52-N 2-foot Dish 28.5 Gabriel QF2.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual RFS SDF6-52A 6-foot HP Dish 37.4 RFS MA0528-19AN 7.5-inch Panel 19.0 RFS MA0528-23AN 1-foot Panel 23.0 RFS MA0528-28AN 2-foot Panel 28.0 The antenna associated with this device shall be mounted in a location that is at least 10'/3m away from humans that may be subject to long-term or continuous exposure. Europe/ITU (ETSI and CE Mark) The EX-5r family complies with ETS 301 893 for the 5.3 and 5.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Safety Notices 1. Review this entire guide for important installation instructions BEFORE attempting to install this product. 2. This product is intended to be installed, used, and maintained by experienced telecommunications personnel only. 3. Employ a properly licensed or authorized electrician to install or evaluate/certify the installation of all power and grounding related to the use of this equipment and all connected devices.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Exalt Limited Hardware Warranty Exalt Communications, Inc. (“Exalt”) warrants solely to the original purchaser (“Purchaser”) that the EX-5r series or the EX-4.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual RMA Procedures A return material authorization (RMA) is required prior to returning Product to Exalt for warranty or out-of-warranty repair/evaluation. As such, Purchaser must use the following procedure: 1. Contact Exalt (see Introduction on page 1 for current contact data) and request an RMA number.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual IN NO EVENT SHALL EXALT’S AND ITS SUPPLIERS’ AGGREGATE LIABILITY EXCEED AN AMOUNT EQUAL TO THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCT PAID BY PURCHASER THAT IS THE SUBJECT OF A CLAIM. ANY CLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT MUST BE BROUGHT WITHIN ONE (1) YEAR AFTER THE OCCURRENCE OF THE EVENT GIVING RISE TO SUCH CLAIM. IN ADDITION, EXALT DISCLAIMS ALL LIABILITY OF ANY KIND OF EXALT’S SUPPLIERS.
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Table of Contents Legal Notice.................................................................................................................................... ii Open-Source License Information.................................................................................................. ii About this Document .....................................................................................................................
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual United States Compliance..................................................................................................... 10 EX-4.9r FCC (USA) EIRP.................................................................................................... 11 FCC (USA) EIRP.................................................................................................................. 11 Canada Compliance ....................................
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Connect to the Radio in a Telnet Session ............................................................................. 34 Telnet ........................................................................................................................................ 34 Exalt Graphical User Interface (GUI)....................................................................................... 35 Preparing to Connect.........................
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Typical Indications of Issues .................................................................................................... 70 Improper RF Cable Termination............................................................................................... 71 Multipath Propagation .............................................................................................................. 72 RF Interference ...........................
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual List of Figures Figure 1 Exalt EX-5r (integrated antenna model) ..................................................................... 2 Figure 2 Mounting and cabling—integrated antenna model..................................................... 4 Figure 3 Cabling and mounting—external antenna model ....................................................... 4 Figure 4 Radio installation tasks ...........................................
Exalt Communications Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Figure 32 Reboot page .............................................................................................................. 67 Figure 33 Manual page.............................................................................................................. 68 Figure 34 Basic back-to-back bench test configuration ............................................................ 83 Figure 35 Ex-5r connector orientation .......
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Introduction Exalt Communications, Inc. thanks you for your purchase. Our goal is to build the highest quality, highest reliability digital microwave radio products. This commitment to quality and reliability extends to our employees and partners alike. We appreciate any comments on how we can improve our products, as well as your sales and Customer Care experience.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Figure 1 Exalt EX-5r (integrated antenna model) Generally, the r-Series requires a clear line-of-sight and proper path clearance to achieve a highperformance, reliable connection. Perform professional path engineering and site planning before installing this equipment.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual In certain countries, the spectrum for this product is NOT considered to be license-exempt. In these cases, there may be additional regulatory requirements concerning the location, frequency, power, orientation, configuration, and other aspects of the system, including, in some cases, a need for link registration, coordination, and fees that may apply to the system usage.
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Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Pre-installation Tasks This section describes the steps necessary to prepare a site for the installation of the Exalt Digital Microwave Radio. Link Engineering and Site Planning Design all terrestrial wireless links prior to purchase and installation.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual • Impact on throughput and latency relative to link distance, occupied bandwidth, and TDD frame size setting, and the planned implementation of these parameters Familiarization with the r-Series The r-Series utilizes time division duplex (TDD) radio transmission.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual It can be considered that Radio A is the primary radio in the link. Radio A provides the master clock and control to Radio B. For most applications, it is not important how the radio link is oriented, only that one end is configured for Radio A and the other for Radio B. For some applications (such as, multi-radio hub sites or repeaters), the orientation of the radio systems may be more critical.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Register your system as soon as possible. A 2-year Warranty period applies to products registered within 90 days of purchase. The Warranty period is reduced to 1-year for unregistered products and products registered after the first 90 days. The radio terminal boxes contain a single pre-terminated PoE cable intended for bench testing and to make the short connection between the radio and the PoE lightning arrestor near the radio.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual ¶ Measure transmitter output power ¶ Measure receiver threshold performance ¶ Confirm unfaded error-free performance Some of these tasks may not be possible or practical within a bench test environment due to the nature of the remote connectivity of peripheral equipment. However, it is good practice to perform as much as possible in this environment to minimize field/installation time and troubleshooting efforts.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual • Do not use external amplifiers to boost the power or overcome transmission system losses, unless the specific amplifier/cable/antenna combination has expressly been authorized by the FCC. The output power must never exceed +30dBm. • Cross-border transmissions are expressly prohibited, except with written permission from both the FCC and the governing body of the neighboring country (Cofetel for Mexico; Industry Canada for Canada).
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual L = Total transmission system losses of all elements between the radio’s RF connector and the antenna’s RF connector (all cables, connectors, lightning suppressors), in dB, as specified or measured between 5250 and 5350 MHz For the 5250–5350 MHz band, the maximum EIRP allowed for this device is 30dBm. The maximum output power of the radio shall never exceed +13dBm.
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Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual For the EX-5r family, operation in the 5725-5850 MHz band, using a 20 MHz BW setting (shown as 16 MHz in the GUI), a +36dBm EIRP limit applies. Using the same definitions as above, set the transmitter according to this equation: P = 36 – G + L Time Division Duplex (TDD) Factors The r-Series radios are very dynamic, allowing the installer to optimize and control the performance of the radio system for the intended application.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Link Orientation and Synchronization Link orientation refers to the Radio A and Radio B placement in your network. Link synchronization refers to using external or internal timing to coordinate multiple links. For every link, one end of the radio link must be configured as Radio A, while the other end is configured as Radio B.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Parameter EX-4.9r Series EX-5r Series Link Security Key 000000000000 Administration Password password User Password password IP Address 10.0.0.1 IP Mask 255.0.0.0 IP Gateway Ethernet Interface 0.0.0.0 Alarm Enabled, 100/Full T1/E1 Enabling All Disabled In many cases, the system design will not be identical to the factory default configuration, and in some cases, these differences prohibit the installation of the radio.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual System Installation and Initiation Process The tasks required for radio installation and initiation are outlined in the following figure.
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Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Record Keeping After installation, record the following items for ongoing maintenance and future troubleshooting. Keep a record for each end of the radio link and store a copy of these records at the radio location, at the opposite end radio location, and a central record storage location.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Installation This section presents all tasks required to install the Exalt Digital Microwave Radio. Mechanical Configuration and Mounting The Exalt r-Series are environmentally sealed units intended for deployment outdoors. The device must be deployed within an ambient temperature range as specified, and with nonrestrictive airflow around the chassis. The r-c and r-xc Series’ can also be mounted in an enclosure or indoors.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual AZIMUTH ADJUSTMENT ELEVATION ADJUSTMENT THREAD BAND CLAMPS THROUGH SLOTS FOR POLE-MOUNTING Figure 6 USE REAR BRACKET HOLES FOR WALLMOUNTING EX-5r pole and wall mount (with azimuth and elevation adjustment) Figure 7 illustrates the r-c Series pole/wall mount assembly.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Radio Ports and Indicators This section provides a brief overview of the connectors, controls, and indicators on the device. Details about each item are in other sections of this document. Figure 8 shows the connectors on the r-Series. T1/E1 2&4 T1/E1 1&3 GPS/RSL POWER/ETHERNET Figure 8 EX-5r connectors Connector Overview The primary user interfaces are shown in Figure 8. Table 3 provides details of the connectors.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual LED Indicators Table 4 provides details of the LED indicators on the r-Series radios. Note that there are two LEDs, labeled top and bottom, associated with each connector. See Alarms Page on page 59 for information on how the Exalt GUI displays LED status. Table 4 LED indicators Location Type Function T1/E1 2&4 Top Green LED Solid when T1 clocking is present for input #2.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual completes, the LED is solid when no alarm conditions are present, and flashes continuously if alarms conditions are detected. The LED remains in this state until another boot up or until alarm conditions change. RESET Button There is only one external control on the r-Series system, a button labeled “RESET” which is located on the Power Injector.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Terminating the RF Connectors r-(x)c Series models only) Before applying power, the RF connectors must be properly terminated into a 50-Ohm load. If this is not performed, the radio may be damaged by simply applying power. Also, there are human safety factors to consider regarding potentially harmful RF radiation.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual subject to significant spikes or variation, power conditioning is a worthwhile investment, as the quality of mains power may have a direct impact on the device operation, performance and/or reliability. An Uninterruptible Power Source (UPS) or other form of battery-backed system protects against brown-out and black-out conditions, and condition the power presented to the adapter.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Reset to Critical Factory Settings If necessary, the radio terminal may be reset to critical factory settings. This may be necessary if the IP address and/or passwords for the system are not known. All other configurations are left at their current settings. If a complete default factory configuration is desired, load the Default Configuration File into the system, as described in System Configuration Page on page 44.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Manufacturer Model # Description Midband Gain (dBi) 3dB (Azimuth/Elevation) Exalt (Integral) 1-foot Xpol Panel 20.0 15.0 Gabriel DFPS.5-52 6-inch Panel 18.0 19.0 Gabriel DFPD1-52 1-foot Panel 23.5 9.4 Gabriel DFPD2-52 2-foot Panel 28.0 4.6 Gabriel QF2-52-N 2-foot Dish 28.5 5.6 Gabriel QF2.5-52-N 2.5-foot Dish 31.2 4.4 Gabriel QF4-52-N 4-foot Dish 34.8 2.7 Gabriel QFD2-52 2-foot Xpol Dish 28.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Initial Antenna Mounting r-(x)c Series models only) The antenna must be an exact model recommended by the path and site planning engineer(s). Mount the antenna at the proper height, mast/mounting location and polarization orientation as determined by the path and site planning engineer(s).
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual (generally) of the far end radio, and then slightly tighten the azimuth and elevation adjustments so that the antenna maintains its general position and is safe to be left without additional securing. Refer to the Exalt white paper, Antenna Alignment, for more information on antenna alignment techniques.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual termination, which may not have considered the frequency of your system. When buying preterminated transmission line, it is strongly advised to obtain the documentation of test measurements on the connected transmission line showing that the loss characteristics and VSWR are within the specified limits specifically at your operating frequency.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual RF Lightning Arrestor RF lightning arrestors provide a direct path to ground for lightning strikes that may couple to or directly hit the outdoor transmission system or antenna structure. The RF lightning arrestor prevents any associated voltage and current from entering the radio equipment, other equipment, or humans.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual • Audio alignment buzzer Enable the audio alignment buzzer through the Exalt GUI. When enabled, the radio enclosure emits a sound. The pitch rises when higher (better) levels of RSL are achieved. Align the antennas until the highest pitch is accomplished. The tone is continuous when the two ends of the radio system are in communication. Otherwise, the buzzer beeps. • Exalt GUI RSL reading indicates the current RSL in dBm.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Configuration and Management This section describes the command line interface (CLI) and Exalt graphical user interface (GUI). Telnet into the Command Line Interface (CLI) Use a Telnet connection to access the CLI in the Exalt Digital Microwave Radios. Use the CLI to set key parameters on the system. Connect to the Radio in a Telnet Session Make the Telnet connection to the radio through the Ethernet port.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual • Ctrl+\ (control and backslash keys) = exit session The following depicts the complete tree structure: 1. Radio information 2. Configuration a. Current IP settings b. Current system configuration c. Set IP address and mask (admin only) d. Set IP default gateway (admin only) e. Administration (admin only) 3.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual 2. Connect to the GUI using the default IP address (10.0.0.1), and change the IP address through the GUI interface. To connect to the radio’s Ethernet port and use the GUI interface, the accessing computer must match the radio’s IP address subnet.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Figure 11 Initiating the browser connection The following window displays after pressing the Enter key or clicking the Go button in the browser window.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Figure 13 Radio Information page Quick-Start To establish a link on the bench, apply the following basic configurations to the radio terminal. Use the steps in the Quick Start Guide included with the radio. A summary of the items that need to be configured are: • Radio IP address for each end.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual If all other parameters are still configured at their factory default settings, the radios can now be connected back-to-back to verify that the link is communicating and perform any other desired tests. See Back-to-back Bench Testing on page 82 for test information. Navigating the GUI describes each page of the GUI. Most configuration parameter settings are intuitive.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual In the screens in Figure 15, the top bar illustrates the alarm condition of the link. The information inside the bar is equivalent to the entry of the Link Name set by the administrator in the Administration Settings page (see Administration Settings Page on page 42).
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Management pages are indicated with an X to the left of the page name. Click the X or page name to display the page within the main window. Radio Information Page This page provides general information about the local radio terminal. This information is helpful for troubleshooting and for record keeping.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Administration Settings Page This page allows contains general parameters for the radio system. The Current Value column lists entries actual settings. Desired changes are entered in the New Value column. After all desired changes are entered, click the Update button to accept and enable changes. Figure 17 Administration Settings page Most entries on this page are self-explanatory. The following lists unique or important parameters.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual security key remains at the factory setting, the radio link is open to sabotage by a party with the same radio model. Each link should have a unique security key. If using the same security key for every link in the network, the radio could link to any other radio with the same security key. This is problematic in multi-radio networks. ¶ Note that the security key must be exactly 12 characters. Any printable ASCII character can be used.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual System Configuration Page This page contains several critical system parameters. Figure 18 System Configuration page Most entries on this page are self-explanatory. The following lists unique or important parameters. • Set the Radio Transmit Power (dBm) parameter to the designed level.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual ¶ Do not adjust the Radio Transmit Power parameter to a value higher than is legally allowed. ¶ Do not adjust the Radio Transmit Power parameter lower than the link budget and fade margin can afford. The link may be lost and unrecoverable through GUI control. If the link is lost due to reduction of Radio Transmit Power, travel to the radio location(s) may be required to reset the value.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual • Set the RF Frequency (GHz) parameter to the designed point. The value of this setting is determined in the design/engineering stage. RF Frequency must match at both ends of the link. It may be critical to set RF Frequency with respect to the local RF noise and interference profiles, and/or in relation to any multi-link network design.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual latency, and number of TDM circuits that can be supported over the given link distance. In multi-link networks, especially where there are collocated links, it is also important to set all radios to the same TDD Frame Size setting to avoid self-interference. Future enhancement: The GPS or internal sync function may be necessary for these networks.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual ¶ r-c Series only: The antenna port selection allows selection of either the A or B connector on the front face of the radio housing. Only set this parameter if using a dual-polarized antenna or two separate antennas. ¶ r-Series only: The antenna port selection toggles between the vertically and horizontally polarized integrated antennas. Ensure that both link ends match polarization.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Ethernet Interface Configuration Page This page allows the administrator to set the alarm, and duplex settings of the Ethernet connection. Figure 19 Ethernet Interface Configuration page To ignore Ethernet alarms, disable the alarming of the MAIN connector. Set the Ethernet interfaces on the radio and connected equipment to 100/full-duplex for best performance.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual T1/E1 Configuration Pages These pages allow the administrator to selectively enable or disable the T1 or E1 circuits, one at a time. For enabled T1/E1 circuits, additional configuration, including loopback functions, are available. Disable the unused T1 or E1 so that the alarms are turned off and more throughput is allocated to the Ethernet interface.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual T1 Interface Configuration Page This page allows the administrator to enable/disable each individual T1 channel, set the Line Build Out (LBO), Line Code (either AMI or B8ZS), and AIS enabling/disabling for each input. If enabled, the radio places an AIS code on the output of the associated interface if and when the link fails or when there is no T1 signal available from the far end to provide the user at the local end.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual E1 Interface Configuration Page This page allows the administrator to enable/disable each individual E1 channel. The AIS can also be enabled and disabled for each input. If enabled, the radio places an AIS code on the output of the associated interface if and when the link fails or when there is no E1 signal available from the far end to provide the user at the local end. Loopback controls are also provided (see T1/E1 Loopback).
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual External loopback modes are used in conjunction with an external test source. The designation of ‘local’ or ‘remote’ refers to where the loopback is occurring relative to the location where the loopback is implemented. That is, on the radio being accessed, if External (remote) is selected, this loops the signal back at the remote radio interface back towards the local radio.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual File Transfer Page This page allows the administrator to upload and download files to and from the radio. Two types of files can be uploaded: configuration and radio firmware. When uploading Configuration Files, current configuration parameters are immediately overwritten, and the unit automatically reboots. When uploading radio firmware files, the file is placed into reserve memory space.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Use the following steps to download a file. 1. Select the type of file to download (configuration or radio firmware). 2. Click the Download button and wait for the radio to prepare the file for download. For the MIB file download, a second page/link appears (Figure 26). 3. Left-click the link on the page to download the file to a desired location.
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Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual File Activation Page Use this page to move stored or uploaded files for use on the radio. The page indicates which file is currently in use, and which file is available for use. Click the Swap button to place the file in the Alternative File column into the active state and move the file in the Current File column to the Alternative File column.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Configuration Use SNMP to manage networked devices and execute the following functions: • GET: Obtain information from the device, such as a configuration setting or parameter. • SET: Change a configuration setting on the device. • TRAP: The device proactively informs the management station of a change of state, usually used for critical alarms or warnings.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Alarms Page This page provides an easy-to-read summary of the alarm status of both local and remote radios. The colors on this page reflect the color of the alarms displayed on the radio front panel. However, additional detail displays on this page to aid in quick assessment of issues and status. Figure 28 Alarms page Table 8 lists alarm status conditions that appear on this page.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Label Status T1/E1 Input Green = Enabled and connection present (clocking confirmed) Red = Enabled and no connection present Grey = Disabled or unavailable due to configuration Temperature Green Solid = Normal temperature range Yellow Solid = Exceeding normal temperature range The Temperature alarm monitors the internal temperature of the unit based on specific points inside the radio chassis.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Performance Page This page provides statistical information about the performance of the system in relation to the integrity of the user data and the RF link. Figure 29 Performance page • The Current BER field indicates the current bit error rate of the link. If the link is operating perfectly, this should indicate zero. Generally, the link should remain at a BER less than 1x10-6 (1 bit out of every million bits errored).
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual can and will vary as a result of weather changes and other external sources, such as path obstructions. Once again, this variation was part of the original design to achieve a certain level of performance over time. Bit errors occur when the RSL falls to a level within roughly 3dB of the threshold specification.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual • Time Since Reset indicates the amount of time passed since the last counter reset. This helps to quantify the seriousness of other statistics, such as ES and Unavailable Seconds, if there have been high numbers of ES and/or Unavailable Seconds over a relatively short period of time. Each end of the link statistics on this page can be independently reset using the Reset Statistics button for the local or remote radio.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Event Log Page Use this page to review a list of the events logged by the radio. The following items are listed in the event log: • Alarms • Alarms clearing (Normal) • Radio Reboots Every event is tagged with the time that the event occurred, and a severity and type. The event log also allows filtering to limit the view of the log to the lowest level of desired information.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Diagnostic Charts Page Use this page as an aid in troubleshooting. This page illustrates the historical (and current) performance for three parameters: RSL, Radio Temperature, and BER. The horizontal scale illustrates 120 points of time measurement and is synchronized on all three graphs. The scale displays in minutes, hours, or days from the last two hours (120 minutes), five days (120 hours), or four months (120 days).
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual is indicated by T=(value). This is followed by the value of the measurement, listing the highest value, lowest value and average value measured over that time interval. For example, in Figure 31 the displayed time interval is minutes, and the cursor is held at the T=17 mark on the horizontal axis. The measurements shown indicate performance from 17 minutes ago.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Reboot Page Use this page to reboot the radio. The function may never be required, but can be used in emergencies. All configurations that require a reboot automatically reboot on administrator confirmation.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Manual Page The manual (this document or the version that matches the installed firmware) is available within the GUI. Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.5 or higher is required (go to www.adobe.com to download Acrobat Reader). Click the Manual link and the manual displays within the browser window. Once the manual displays, click the save button on the PDF toolbar to download the manual locally.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Troubleshooting This section provides information regarding troubleshooting of common issues and alarms on these radios. Exalt Digital Microwave Radio systems are designed by Exalt’s expert engineers with extensive experience through multiple generations of microwave radio design. These newgeneration systems contain extensive diagnostic tools, alarm indications, and troubleshooting aids.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Also, it can be helpful to compare some performance parameters of the system before and after the presence of issues.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual than the designed long-term performance. Consult the path design engineer for more information about link reliability expectations and anticipated RSL deviation. In addition, regular inspection of the transmission system (RF cables and antennas) and paying close attention to changes along the path, such as construction or tree height, or new microwave radio installations nearby, can be extremely helpful and proactive.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Multipath Propagation Multipath propagation is a term that encompasses changes to the RF path, such as reflections and/or refraction, causing partial or complete destruction of the radio signal, and thus excessive bit errors and/or system outages.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual existing interference. In addition, the occupied bandwidth of the radio can be reduced. This, along with re-tuning, can be very effective, however throughput is reduced. Repositioning the antenna and/or changing polarization, or upgrading the antenna to a higher gain, and/or using a high-performance antenna, are all secondary means that can be used.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Insufficient Link Margin Ideally, the link was designed with enough link margin (fade margin) to allow for multipath propagation and atmospheric fading and still remain reliable. In some cases, link margin is compromised by economic factors, such as using low-cost RF cabling or lower-cost antennas that have less gain or deficient performance compared to higher cost transmission system components.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Specifications This section presents specifications for the EX-5r series of Digital Microwave Radios. Physical Specifications Physical Configuration Outdoor unit (ODU) Dimensions (H x W x D) 13 x 13 x 4.25"/33 x 33 x 10.8 cm Weight 15 lbs; 6.8 kg Operating Temperature –40 to +149°F /–40 to +65°C; Altitude 15,000'/4.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual EX-4.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual System Specifications, 5.3GHz Band Frequency Band 5250 to 5350 MHz Tunable Range 5260 to 5332 MHz Output Power (at full power) +13dBm (0.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual System Specifications, 5.4GHz Band Presently this band is not enabled. This band will be enabled through a free software upgrade upon regulatory approval. Frequency Band 5470 to 5725 MHz Tunable Range 5488 to 5715 MHz Output Power (at full power) +13dBm (0.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual System Specifications, 5.8GHz Band Frequency Band 5725 to 5850 MHz Tunable Range 5731 to 5844 MHz Output Power (at full power) +24dBm (0.25W), Mode 1 +21dBm (0.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Interfaces RF (x2, EX-5r-(x)c only) Connector N-type female Impedance 50 Ohms T1/E1 (x2, 2 interfaces each) Connector RJ-45 (RJ48C), female T1 Impedance 100 Ohms, balanced T1 Line Codes AMI, B8ZS, selectable T1 LBO Settings (in ft.) 0-133, 133-266, 266-399, 399-533, 533-655 T1 Clocking Speed 1.544 Mbps T1 Compliance ANSI T1.102-1987; ITU-T; G.
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Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Back-to-back Bench Testing Use back-to-back bench testing to test the radio before installation, pre-configure the radio and connected equipment before installation, or in the troubleshooting process to identify if the radio hardware is the source of a system issue. It is a critical process, and often required or highly desirable for any installation or troubleshooting exercise.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual RF PORTS RADIO B Figure 34 ATTENUATION (60-90DB) RADIO A POWER INJECTOR POWER INJECTOR AC POWER (CONNECT LAST) AC POWER (CONNECT LAST) COMPUTER Basic back-to-back bench test configuration EX-5r Basic Test Configuration When the radios are near one another, the integral antenna provides the connection. Place an RF-absorptive material such as wood or RF absorbing foam between the units to provide attenuation.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Connect the system as shown in Figure 34, using the combination of fixed and variable attenuation between the radio’s RF ports. Connect the volt meter to either radio’s RSL test point and associated reference ground connection. In this test, it is desirable to use pre-tested RF cables, known to be good, and the insertion loss is known at the operating frequency.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual as this does not have any appreciable impact on system gain performance, however, try any setting combination to gain confidence in the radio performance parameters.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Interface Connections This section provides the pin number assignment and wiring information for the connectors on the EX-5r. All connectors are shown as viewed from the radio front panel, as shown in Figure 35. T1/E1 2&4 T1/E1 1&3 GPS/RSL POWER/ETHERNET Figure 35 Ex-5r connector orientation T1/E1 Connections There are two connectors for T1/E1, each connector has two T1/E1 circuits available.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual RSL & GPS Sync Connector This connector can be used during the antenna alignment process, to provide a received signal level (RSL) voltage to a voltmeter. The connector is also used for connection to an optional Exalt GPS antenna for the purposes of GPS synchronization. The figure below illustrates the pin orientation and functionality for this connector.
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Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual Copyright Notices This section presents copyright notices for third-party software licensed to Exalt Communications, Inc. Net-SNMP The following copyright notice applies to the open-source licensing agreement for Net-SNMP.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * Neither the name of the Networks Associates Technology, Inc nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. Sun Microsystems, Inc. Copyright © 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara, California 95054, U.S.A. All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms below. This distribution may include materials developed by third parties.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
Exalt Communications, Inc. r-series Installation and Management Manual EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. Fabasoft R&D Software GmbH & Co.
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