User Guide

Instruction Manual Chloride Electrode
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS ..........................................................................................................3
Introduction..............................................................................................................................................4
Required Equipment.................................................................................................................................4
Required Solutions...................................................................................................................................4
GENERAL PREPARATION............................................................................................................5
Electrode Preparation...............................................................................................................................5
Electrode Slope Check (with pH/mV meter) ...........................................................................................5
Electrode Slope Check (with ion meter) ..................................................................................................6
MEASUREMENT..............................................................................................................................6
Measuring Hints.......................................................................................................................................6
Sample Requirements...............................................................................................................................7
Units of Measurement..............................................................................................................................7
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE ................................................................................................... 7
Direct Measurement.................................................................................................................................7
Direct Measurement of Chloride (using a pH/mV meter)........................................................................7
Direct Measurement of Chloride (using a ion meter)...............................................................................9
Low Level Chloride Determination (using a pH/mV meter) .................................................................10
Low Level Chloride Determination (using an ion meter)......................................................................11
ELECTRODE CHARACTERISTICS........................................................................................... 11
Reproducibility.......................................................................................................................................11
Interferences...........................................................................................................................................11
Removal of Various Interferences with CISA .......................................................................................12
Complexation.........................................................................................................................................12
Temperature Influences..........................................................................................................................13
Electrode Response................................................................................................................................13
Limits of Detection ................................................................................................................................15
pH Effects ..............................................................................................................................................15
Electrode Life.........................................................................................................................................15
Electrode Storage ...................................................................................................................................15
ELECTRODE THEORY ................................................................................................................16
Electrode Operation ...............................................................................................................................16
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE.................................................................................................... 17
Meter ......................................................................................................................................................17
Glassware...............................................................................................................................................17
Electrodes...............................................................................................................................................17
Standards and Reagents..........................................................................................................................18
Sample....................................................................................................................................................18
Technique...............................................................................................................................................18
TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS..................................................................................................... 19
SPECIFICATIONS..........................................................................................................................21
ORDERING INFORMATION.......................................................................................................21