VIPER RedBoot and AEL Quickstart Embedded Linux Development Kit for VIPER Single Board Computer Quickstart Manual Contents
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Definitions Arcom is the trading name for Arcom Control Systems Inc and Arcom Control Systems Ltd. Disclaimer The information in this manual has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate. Arcom assumes no responsibility for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use. Arcom assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies that may be contained in this document.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Contents Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................4 Handling your board safely ....................................................................................................4 About this manual ..............................................................................................................................
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Introduction Introduction The VIPER is an ultra low power PC/104-compatible single board computer based on the Intel 400MHz PXA255 XScale processor. The PXA255 is an implementation of the Intel XScale micro-architecture combined with a comprehensive set of integrated peripherals including: • Flat panel graphics controller. • Interrupt controller. • Real Time Clock (RTC). • Multiple serial ports.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart About this manual About this manual This manual gets you started using the VIPER with RedBoot and Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL). It lists the items you should find in your kit, and tells you how to unpack, connect and configure the board. This manual also covers the CYCLOPS product. The CYCLOPS is pre-installed with the same Linux software as the AEL Development kit. All AEL-specific documentation also applies to the CYCLOPS system.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart About this manual Conventions Symbols The following symbols are used in this guide: Symbol Explanation Note - information that requires your attention. Tip - a handy hint that may provide a useful alternative or save time. Caution - proceeding with a course of action may damage your equipment or result in loss of data. Typographical conventions This manual contains examples of commands that you can enter.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Getting started Getting started What’s in the kit? The VIPER RedBoot and AEL Development Kits contain the VIPER Industrial Compact Enclosure (ICE), which includes: • VIPER-400-M64-F32. • UPS power supply. • CompactFlash IEEE802.11b WiFi Card. • Flat panel display 5.5" NEC (optional). • Touchscreen and touchscreen controller (optional). The CYCLOPS Development Kit contains the CYCLOPS Enclosure, which includes: • VIPER-400-M64-F32.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Getting started What else do I need? An x86 Linux system compliant with version 1.3 of the Linux Standard Base2 is required for the Arcom Embedded Linux host environment. Suitable systems include PCs with Debian GNU/Linux, RedHat Linux, Fedora Core or SUSE Linux. In addition, the following information may be useful: • Networking details for the VIPER.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Getting started What peripherals are supported? Linux supports the following peripherals in this release: • 5 UARTs, COM1 through COM5, including the processor’s internal FFUART, BTUART and STUART. • On-board Flash array. • CompactFlash+. • Ethernet interface. • Audio. • A variety of flat panels, including the supplied flat panel running at 320 x 240 (optional). • Touchscreen. • Power management. • GPIO. • Real time clock. • SRAM. • USB host controller.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Unpacking and connecting up Unpacking and connecting up This section guides you, step-by-step, through the process of connecting up the VIPER for the first time and powering up the system. The VIPER is delivered ready to run. There are no link settings or configuration switches that need to be adjusted for the board to operate. A number of the components are static-sensitive, so standard anti-static precautions must be taken during use.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart 5 Unpacking and connecting up Configure the serial terminal as follows: • 115200 baud. • No parity. • 8 data bits. • No handshaking. 6 Switch on the VIPER board once the terminal emulator is set up on the host PC.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Power supply Power supply The AC Power Supply Unit (PSU) supplied in the kit is rated at 2.5A @ +24V DC. This is designed to support the requirements of the VIPER ICE or CYCLOPS. If additional devices are powered from this supply, ensure that the overall current rating is not exceeded. In a VIPER ICE system, the UPS signal /POWER_DOWN is connected to /OUT0 on pin 13 of PL9 of the VIPER. This means the UPS can be shut down using GPIO20.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart RedBoot RedBoot What is RedBoot? RedBoot is a complete bootstrap environment for embedded systems. Based on the eCos Hardware Abstraction Layer, RedBoot inherits the eCos qualities of reliability, compactness, configurability, and portability. RedBoot enables download and execution of embedded applications via serial or Ethernet, including embedded Linux and eCos applications.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart RedBoot CPU Core Clock Frequency and the clock command Versions of RedBoot on the VIPER up to and including V3I3 initialized the CPU clock to 200MHz at boot time. For version V3I4 this was changed to boot at 400MHz. The current version (V3I5) no longer changes the clock rate, so it remains at the default 100MHz setting.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) What’s in AEL? AEL is a space-optimized Linux distribution based on Linux kernel version 2.6. AEL includes many of the standard file, shell and text utilities. As well as the basic Linux system, the default installation includes: • OpenSSH Secure Shell. • Minimal X Window System. • Web server.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) Booting the system Once the system has been connected and powered up (as described in Unpacking and connecting up, page 10) the board automatically boots to a Linux prompt, as follows: Uncompressing Linux................. done, booting the kernel. ... CPU: XScale−PXA255 [69052d06] revision 6 (ARMv5TE) ... Machine: Arcom VIPER SBC Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback Memory clock: 99.53MHz (*27) Run Mode clock: 398.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) Logging in You may login to the VIPER as root (the superuser or administrator) using the following details: Login name: root Default password: arcom © 2005 Arcom Issue E 17
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) Setting up networking As supplied, the board uses the DHCP protocol to configure the network. This requires a DHCP server to be available on your network. For more information, please consult your network administrator.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) The file system The file system used on the VIPER Flash memory is a compressed Journaling Flash File System (JFFS2). JFFS2 has the following advantages: • Robustness. • Power fail safe. • No integrity scan (fsck) is required at boot time. • Flash wear levelling. • Transparent compression, with a typical compression ratio of 2:1.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) Linux kernel The version of the Linux kernel used on the VIPER is a standard Linux 2.6 kernel tree with patches to provide support for Arcom’s boards. Source and configuration The kernel sources are installed in the host environment as /opt/arcom/src/linux-sourceVERSION.tar.gz.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) Hardware configuration Touchscreen Controller (TSC1) If your VIPER ICE was supplied with a touchscreen, the touchscreen controller is attached to /dev/ttyS2 (COM3). In a CYCLOPS system, the touchscreen controller is attached to /dev/ttyS4 (COM5). PC/104 bus The PC/104 bus on the VIPER is attached via the second PCMCIA controller built in to the PXA255 processor. The PC/104 I/O address space is mapped at virtual address 0xF1000000.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) CPU clock frequency scaling The PXA255 processor used on the VIPER can scale the core clock frequency from 100 to 400MHz, allowing an application to dynamically trade off performance against power consumption. The functionality is exposed in Linux via special files in the /sys system. These can be manipulated directly (e.g. using cat and echo), but are better controlled using the cpufreq-info and cpufreq-set utilities.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) The default is to use the performance governor with a maximum frequency of 400MHz. The powersave and userspace governors are supplied as loadable kernel modules, called cpufreq_powersave and cpufreq_userspace respectively. They may be loaded using the modprobe command. The available performance clock rates are listed in the following table. They correspond to the modes available when the turbo mode multiplier, CCCR[N] is 1.0.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) The cpufreq-set utility can be used to select a governor and to set the minimum and maximum allowable frequency.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) If you intend to use the PXA255’s internal RTC as a wake up source, you must unload the driver for the external RTC (which cannot perform the wake up function) and load the driver for the internal RTC, as follows: 1 Remove the external DS1307 RTC driver: # rmmod ds1307 2 Install the SA1100/PXA255 RTC driver: # modprobe sa1100-rtc 3 Resynchronize the SA1100/PXA255 RTC to the correct time from the system clock: # hwclock –systoh
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) Parameter Description Default pixclock The pixel clock, expressed in picoseconds (10-12s). This value is used in conjunction with the current memory clock rate to calculate LCCR3[PCD]. pixclock:157500 left, right, hsynclen, upper, lower and vsynclen The timing parameters. All parameters are given as a number of pixel clock ticks. The upper and lower margins should be 0 for passive (STN) displays.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Parameter Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) Description Default hsync and Configures the polarity of the horizontal and vsync vertical sync pulses. A value of 0 indicates an active low sync pulse, while 1 indicates active high. These parameters correspond to the LCCR3[HSP] and LCCR3[VSP] registers. hsync:0,vsync:0 outputen outputen:1 Configures the polarity of the output enable signal.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) CompactFlash IEEE802.11b WiFi Card To install the CompactFlash card remove the retaining screws from the access panel and insert the card as shown: Note that the card goes in upside down. Software configuration of WiFi cards is covered in the Arcom Embedded Linux Technical Manual which is on the development kit CD in the /manuals/ folder.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Software configuration Software configuration The CYCLOPS and VIPER-LITE systems require some additional configuration. For example you must specify flat panel driver parameters to support the panel supplied with the CYCLOPS. If using the VIPER-LITE, you must inform the Linux kernel of the reduced CPU speed. The configuration required for each of these systems is described in the following sections.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Support software Support software Target support software When building applications for the VIPER board, you must use the AEL host environment. This consists of a set of utilities that provide a cross-compile environment targeting the VIPER board. A cross-compile environment is required in order to produce binaries for the XScale processor. For an explanation of how to install the host environment, refer to the AEL Technical Manual, on the accompanying CD.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Real-time Linux on the VIPER Real-time Linux on the VIPER Linux was not designed with hard real-time capabilities in mind. It usually meets the needs of soft real-time applications. However, under certain circumstances the scheduling and other latencies do not meet the needs of hard real-time control and communication applications. For this reason, Finite State Machine Laboratories (FSMLabs, Inc) developed RTLinuxPro.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Real-time Linux on the VIPER Performance To indicate the level of performance achieved using RTLinuxPro, Arcom prepared a test application to exercise the Ethernet port with a ping flood and repeatedly write two large files to the JFFS2 flash drive. Essentially, this represents a ‘busy’ foreground task running under Linux. The jitter test was run with Arcom’s standard Linux and then repeated using RTLinuxPro.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart 4 Real-time Linux on the VIPER Set the CPU speed to either 200MHz or 400MHz as follows: • To set it to 200MHz enter: # echo 200000 > /proc/sys/cpu/0/speed • To set it to 400MHz enter: # echo 400000 > /proc/sys/cpu/0/speed 5 Do one of the following: • For the Linux test, run: # /bin/jitter.user • For RTLinuxPro, you must start the underlying RTOS first.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Appendix - Contacting Arcom Appendix - Contacting Arcom Arcom sales Arcom’s sales team is always available to assist you in choosing the board that best meets your requirements. Contact your local sales office or hotline. Sales office US Sales office UK Arcom 7500W 161st Street Overland Park Kansas 66085 USA Arcom Clifton Road Cambridge CB1 7EA UK Tel: 913 549 1000 Fax: 913 549 1002 E-mail: us-sales@arcom.
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart Index Index A G applications, embedded · 13 gateway · 8 getting started · 7 GPIO · 9, 12 B battery · 4 board features · 4 boot strap · 13 booting · 16 C cable, AC input · 10 installation · 7 command line · 20 contact details · 34 conventions · 6 copyright · 2 CYCLOPS · 7, 29 D H handling · 4 host environment · 30 system · 8 I industrial compact enclosure · 10 integrated performance primitives · 30 Intel · 30 interface · 13 IP address · 8 static · 18
VIPER Embedded Linux Development Kit Quickstart P packaging · 4 PC/104 · 9, 21 performance · 32 peripherals · 9 power supply · 10 primitives · 30 prompts · 6 R real-time Linux · 31 RedBoot · 11, 13 requirements · 8 RTLinuxPro · 31 evaluating · 32 STUART · 9 support software · 30 technical · 34 symbols · 6 T technical manual · 13 support · 34 temporary files · 19 touchscreen · 21 trademarks · 2 U UART · 9 unpacking · 10 S secure shell · 15 serial terminal configuring · 11 emulator · 10 server DHCP · 16
