Installation guide

Network Infrastructure for EtherNet/IP™
iv
Contents
Preface.......................................................................................................................................................viii
1 INDUSTRIAL ETHERNET… NOT JUST ANOTHER FIELDBUS........................................1-1
1.1 Industrial Networks ................................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Introduction to EtherNet/IP ....................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2.1 Industrial Ethernet and Traditional Fieldbuses.................................................................................... 1-3
1.2.2 Infrastructure for EtherNet/IP Applications ........................................................................................ 1-4
1.2.3 Security Issues..................................................................................................................................... 1-4
2 UNDERSTANDING THE BASICS OF NETWORK PROTOCOLS........................................2-5
2.1 The TCP/IP Suite....................................................................................................................................... 2-6
2.2 User Datagram Protocol............................................................................................................................. 2-9
2.3 Data Exchange Models............................................................................................................................ 2-10
3 PLANNING THE INFRASTRUCTURE....................................................................................3-12
3.1 Segmentation vs. Trunk-and-Drop........................................................................................................... 3-12
3.1.1 Implications of Multiple and Higher Data Rates............................................................................... 3-13
3.1.2 Frame Size......................................................................................................................................... 3-13
3.1.3 Implications of Multiple Protocols.................................................................................................... 3-13
3.2 Ethernet System Components.................................................................................................................. 3-14
3.2.1 Ethernet Hubs.................................................................................................................................... 3-14
3.2.2 Ethernet Switches.............................................................................................................................. 3-14
3.2.3 Switches: Key System Elements ....................................................................................................... 3-15
3.2.4 How Switches Add Flexibility .......................................................................................................... 3-15
3.2.5 Media Converters.............................................................................................................................. 3-16
3.2.6 Routers .............................................................................................................................................. 3-16
3.3 Ethernet Cabling Systems........................................................................................................................ 3-17
3.3.1 Star Topology: The Standard Approach............................................................................................3-17
3.3.2 Implementation of Mixed Cable Systems ......................................................................................... 3-17
3.3.3 Applicable IEEE Standards for Twisted-pair Ethernet...................................................................... 3-17
3.3.3.1 Unshielded Category 5e Cable ....................................................................................................... 3-17
3.3.3.2 Shielded Category 5e Cable ........................................................................................................... 3-18
3.3.3.3 Connectors and Pre-terminated Cables........................................................................................... 3-18
3.3.3.4 Crossover vs. Straight-through Cables ...........................................................................................3-18
3.3.3.5 Other Options................................................................................................................................. 3-19
3.3.3.6 Future Options................................................................................................................................ 3-19
3.3.4 Applicable IEEE Standards for Fiber-Optic Ethernet........................................................................ 3-19
3.3.4.1 Glass Fiber Cable ........................................................................................................................... 3-19
3.3.4.2 Plastic Fiber Cable.......................................................................................................................... 3-20
3.3.4.3 More Cabling Resources ................................................................................................................ 3-20
3.3.5 Wireless Ethernet .............................................................................................................................. 3-20
3.4 Ethernet Data Connections ...................................................................................................................... 3-20
3.4.1 IP Addressing of Industrial Ethernet Devices ................................................................................... 3-21
3.4.2 Important Ethernet Tools and Protocols............................................................................................ 3-21
3.5 Diagnostics via Infrastructure Components............................................................................................. 3-22
3.5.1 Simple Network Management Protocol ............................................................................................ 3-22