User guide

Glossary
Page A-6 Reference Guide: RX1290 H.264 Contribution Receiver
ST.RE.E10228.1
FTP File Transfer Protocol: A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network (Internet,
UNIX, etc.). For example, after developing the HTML pages for a Web site on a local
machine, they are typically uploaded to the Web server, using FTP. Unlike e-mail programs in
which graphics and program files have to be attached, FTP is designed to handle binary files
directly and does not add the overhead of encoding and decoding the data.
G.703 The ITU-T standard which defines the physical and electrical characteristics of hierarchical
digital interfaces.
GOP Group of Pictures: MPEG video compression works more effectively by processing a
number of video frames as a block. The TANDBERG Television Encoder normally uses a 12
frame GOP; every twelfth frame is an I frame.
GUI Graphical User Interface: The use of pictures rather than just words to represent the input
and output of a program. A program with a GUI runs under a windowing system and has a
screen interface capable of displaying graphics in the form of icons, drop-down menus and a
movable pointer. The on-screen information is usually controlled / manipulated by a mouse or
keyboard.
HDTV High Definition Television.
HPA High Power Amplifier: Used in the signal path to amplify the modulated and up-converted
broadcast signal for feeding to the uplink antenna.
HSYNC Horizontal (line) SYNCs.
HU Height Unit
Hub A device in a multipoint network at which branch nodes interconnect.
ICAM Integrated Conditional Access Module: Embedded in the IRD and responsible for
descrambling, plus packet filtering and reception. It also contains the physical interface to the
subscriber’s viewing card.
IDU Indoorunit
IEC International Electrotechnical Committee.
IF Intermediate Frequency: Usually refers to the 70 MHz or 140 MHz output of the Modulator in
cable, satellite and terrestrial transmission applications.
Interframe Coding Compression coding involving consecutive frames. When consecutive frames are compared,
temporal redundancy is used to remove common elements (information) and arrive at
difference information. MPEG-2 uses B and P frames, but since they are individually
incomplete and relate to other adjacent frames, they cannot be edited independently.
Intraframe Coding Compression coding involving a single frame. Redundant information is removed on a per
frame basis. All other frames are ignored. Coding of a macroblock or picture that uses
information only from that macroblock or picture. Exploits spatial redundancy by using DCT to
produce I frames; these are independent frames and can be edited.
IP Internet Protocol: The IP part of TCP/IP. IP implements the network layer (layer 3) of the
protocol, which contains a network address and is used to route a message to a different
network or sub-network. IP accepts packets from the layer 4 transport protocol (TCP or UDP),
adds its own header to it and delivers a datagram to the layer 2 data link protocol. It may also
break the packet into fragments to support the Maximum Transmission / Transfer Unit (MTU)
of the network.
I-picture; I-frame Intracoded Picture/Frame: A picture / frame, which is coded using purely intracoding with
reference to no other field or frame information. The I frame is used as a reference for other
compression methods.
IPPV Impulse Pay Per View: One-time events, purchased at home (on impulse) using a
prearranged SMS credit line.