Specifications

Selbsttest ZVx
1043.0009.50 4.4 E-3
The ZVRL, on the other hand, is a unidirectional network analyzer with only one
SWR bridge without RF switch. Therefore, the ZVRL only permits measurement
of the forward S-parameters (S11 and S21). In order to determine the reverse S-
parameters (S22 and S12) as well, it is necessary to turn round the DUT when
using the ZVRL.
4.3.1.2 Front End
The front end of the ZVR and ZVC consists of four identical reception channels (two measurement
channels and two reference channels), that of models ZVRE, ZVRL and ZVCE features only three
channels (two measurement channels and one reference channel). The models of the ZVR(x) family
cover an input frequency range from 10 Hz to 4 GHz, whereas ZVC and ZVCE cover the frequency
range from 20 kHz to 8 GHz.
Every channel contains:
• Buffer amplifier for de-coupling the input from the 1st mixer,
• LO driver amplifier,
• Mixer converting the input signal to the 1st IF of 21.0244 MHz (for the ZVR(x) models, operating
mode mixer for frequencies >20 kHz, signals below 20 kHz are taken via a diplexer directly to the IF
path without being converted, see section "Converter" below),
• Booster amplifier and bandpass filter,
• 2nd mixer converting to 24.4 kHz (exactly: 25 MHz / 1024).
4.3.1.3 Converter
The converter module filters the signal coming from the front end (24.414 kHz in the frequency range 20
kHz to 8 GHz, 10 Hz to 20 kHz in the frequency range < 20 kHz for the ZVR(x) models), automatically
selects the optimal gain for the test level (except for FAST MODE) and converts the analog test signals
into digital data which are then passed further to the Measurement Control Unit. Two different converter
versions are used, i.e. one with two measurement channels and one with only one measurement
channel. The four-channel analyzer ZVR uses two two-channel converters, the three-channel analyzers
ZVRE and ZVRL each use a two-channel and a one-channel converter.
4.3.1.4 Synthesizer
The synthesizer module contains three independent synthesizers providing the basic signal for
generation of the local1 signal (Local module) and of the generator signal (Source module). The local
synthesizer uses the frequency range from 1 GHz to 2.015 GHz, the source synthesizer 0.989 GHz to 2
GHz and the auxiliary synthesizer, which is used for frequency conversion in the Source module for
frequency ranges below 1 GHz, operates at 1.00 GHz and 1.01 GHz.