ALPHA Plus® Meters Electronic Meter for Electric Energy Measurement Technical Manual TM42-2182D US English (en)
© 2003 by Elster Electricity, LLC. All rights are reserved. No part of this software or documentation may be reproduced, transmitted, processed or recorded by any means or form, electronic, mechanical, photographic or otherwise, translated to another language, or be released to any third party without the express written consent of Elster Electricity, LLC. Printed in the United States of America. Notice The information contained in this software and documentation is subject to change without notice.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D Contents ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Contents FCC Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Class B Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Class A Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Telephone Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Voltage and Current Sensing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 Meter Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 Microcontroller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 Billing Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 Metered Energy and Demand Quantities. . . . . . . . 2-7 Average Power Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 Demand Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . .
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Contents Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Normal Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alternate Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Test Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Error Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Demand Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Formulas Used in Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12 Watt-hour Constant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13 Calculating Meter Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13 Determining the Power from the Output Pulse Rate6-14 Calculating Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-14 Meter Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15 Watt-hour Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Contents Meter Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17 Testing a Meter with Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17 A. Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents vi ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Contents Contents TM42-2182D ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual FCC Compliance Most ALPHA Plus meters are Class B devices. However, some meters in some applications, when equipped with certain option boards, are certified as Class A devices. Additional FCC compliance information can be found in the documentation shipped with each meter, option board, kit, or other ALPHA Plus meter component.
Contents ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Telephone Regulatory Information The ALPHA Plus meter internal modem complies with part 68 of the FCC Rules. A label on the meter nameplate contains the FCC registration number and ringer equivalence number (REN) for this equipment. If requested, this information must be provided to the telephone company. The connection to the telephone network is through a modular jack USOC RJ-11C.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Contents Disclaimers of Warranties and Limitation of Liability There are no understandings, agreements, representations, or warranties either expressed or implied, including warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, other than those specifically set out by any existing contract between the parties. Any such contract states the entire obligation of the seller.
Contents ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual ■ Inform personnel involved in the installation, operation, and maintenance of the product about safety notices and recommendations contained in this manual. Within this manual, safety notices appear preceding the text or step to which they apply. Safety notices are divided into the following 4 classifications: Notice is used to alert personnel to installation, operation, or maintenance information that is important but not hazard related.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Contents Revisions to this Document The ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual can be referred to by its document number: TM42-2182. Each revision of this manual is designated with a letter, with the first revision being “A,” the second being “B,” and so forth. The document number and revision letter are located at the bottom of each page. The following table lists the revisions to this document, the date of release, and a brief description of the changes made.
Contents xii ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 1. Introduction ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 1. Introduction 2003.February.
1. Introduction ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual The ALPHA Plus Meter Upon its introduction in 1992, the ALPHA meter has been the standard for totally electronic electricity metering. As features have been continually added, the ALPHA has been able to maintain its position as the leader in solid state metering. Building on patented Elster Electricity ALPHA meter technology, the ALPHA Plus meter provides a meter design platform that supports a variety of metering requirements.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 1. Introduction The ALPHA Plus meter may have up to 6 output relays added through an optional relay board. The following types of output relays are available: ■ KYZ pulse output ■ load control ■ end of interval Pkh Mult. by Q320F3D0-AD TYPE A1RL+ PREV SEAS RATE ABCD CONT CUM RESETS MAX TOTAL KWARh SERIAL # LOCK TEST VTR CTR :1 :5 TEST ALT EOI O P E N 01 957 166 * KZG001957166 CL20, 120 TO 480V, 4WY or 4WD, 60Hz FM 9S (8S) Watthour Meter R? * Kh 1.
1. Introduction ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Number Date Title C12.20 1998 American National Standard for Electricity Meters 0.2 and 0.5 Accuracy Classes Benefits Reliability Unlike electromechanical meters, the ALPHA Plus meter has no moving parts. This results in improved service reliability and ensures many years of trouble-free service. Both EEPROM and RAM are used to store meter data. The RAM has power backup supplied by a supercapacitor which is integral to the meter main board.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 1. Introduction ■ fewer styles to learn and maintain ■ automated data retrieval ■ system service verification ■ on site instrumentation displays ■ power quality monitoring (PQM) tests Security The ALPHA Plus meter is tamper resistant. Passwords may be specified which prevents unauthorized access to meter data.
1.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 1.
1. Introduction ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual If the system service test is enabled, and if the J5 connector is used, and there is no voltage supplied to the meter blades, then 6(U will cycle on the LCD. To display billing quantities: ■ see “Normal mode” in Table 3-4 (ALPHA Plus meters Release 2.0 and 2.1) ■ see “Error mode” in Table 3-4 (ALPHA Plus meters Release 2.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 1. Introduction Meter Types Different ALPHA Plus meters have specific capabilities. Table 1-1 identifies all the possible meter types. Descriptions of the suffixes can be seen in Table 1-3. Table 1-1.
1. Introduction ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual The additional functions can be applied to the various meter configurations: Table 1-3. ALPHA Plus meter type suffixes Suffix Added T Time–of–use (TOU); A1K+ and A1R+ also have TOU capabilities L Load profile (LP) Q Power quality monitoring (PQM) C Transformer and line loss compensation (LC) Alpha Keys Software Alpha Keys software allows ALPHA Plus meters to be upgraded so they provide additional functionality.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description 2003.February.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual System Overview The ALPHA Plus meter main circuit board contains all the electronics that make up the meter and integral registers. See Figure 2-1 for the wide voltage range meter circuit board block diagram.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description Wide operating range power supply J5 connector for external power supply Microcontroller Voltage connection Option board interface Meter engine Magnetic reed switch Current sensor connection Figure 2-2. Wide operating range meter main circuit board See Figure 2-3 for the 240V meter circuit board block diagram. The circuit board for the wide voltage range meter as shown Figure 2-4 in contains the following components: 2003.February.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Phase A Voltage 5V linear power supply 240V transformer Non volatile supply Battery 2.5V precision reference LCD Watch crystal Resistive divider Power Fail 2x Line Freq Meter engine Phase A Current A Wh Del Wh Rec VARh Del VARh Rec Sensor Microcontroller Clock Crystal EEPROM Option connector Optical port Figure 2-3. 240V meter circuit board block diagram 2-4 TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Voltage and Current Sensing The power line currents and voltages are sensed using specialized current sensors and resistive voltage dividers respectively. Multiplication and other calculations are performed using the meter engine. This meter engine contains a digital signal processor (DSP) with built in analog-to-digital (A/D) converters capable of sampling each voltage and current input.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Table 2-1.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description Average power factor will be calculated once every second. The kWh and kVAh values used in this calculation will be set to zero upon a demand reset and AvgPF will be set to a value of 1.000. Average power factor will not be calculated while the ALPHA Plus meter is in test mode. Note: Since kVAh and kWh must be selected to obtain AvgPF, kVARh and average power factor are mutually exclusive.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 15 minute interval 15 minute interval 15 minute interval subinterval 0 subinterval 5 subinterval subinterval 10 15 minutes subinterval 20 25 Figure 2-5. Rolling demand intervals The block interval calculates demand by using the following equation: D= total accumulated energy t hours For example, if the demand interval is 15 minutes and the total accumulated energy is 50kWh, then the demand is 200kW. D= 50 kWh = 200 kW .
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description Maximum Demand Maximum demand (also referred to as indicating demand) is the highest demand value that occurs in a billing period. The demand for each demand interval is calculated and compared to an earlier maximum demand value. If the new interval demand exceeds the previous maximum demand, then the new demand is stored as the maximum demand (see Figure 2-7). When a demand reset occurs, the maximum demand is reset to zero.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Continuous Cumulative Maximum Demand Continuous cumulative maximum demand works similarly to cumulative maximum demand. Continuous cumulative demand, however, is always equal to the sum of the previous billing period continuous cumulative demand and the current maximum demand. Coincident Demand Coincident demand refers to a demand value that occurs at the same time as another demand reaches its peak value.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description meter with a preferred external display multiplier when displaying quantities on the LCD. The displayed quantities will not be valid unless multiplied by this external display multiplier manually at the time of reading. Secondary metering does not take into account voltage or current transformer ratios.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual ■ ■ upon power restoration after a failure or initial power–up ■ every 24 hours (A1D+) or at midnight (TOU configurations only) ■ following data–altering communications ■ during normal or alternate mode sequences with system service tests perform PQM background tests on a continual basis on meters with the optional PQM feature Power Fail Data The ALPHA Plus meter monitors and records the total power failure data.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description Event Log Up to 255 date and time stamped entries for various events can be stored on an ALPHA Plus meter which has the load profile feature. Elster Electricity meter support software can be used to define and program the ALPHA Plus meter for the number of event log entries which will be recorded. When the maximum amount of event log entries has been stored, the meter will begin overwriting the oldest entries.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Voltage Sag Log The voltage sag log will contain the date, time, and phase (or phases) of any momentary voltage sag detected. The voltage sag log is available on ALPHA Plus Release 2.2 or higher and only if the meter has the PQM option. Since a momentary voltage sag does not typically last very long, the log will contain just once date/time stamp to indicate the occurrence. Start and stop times are not recorded.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description Table 2-2.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual . Table 2-3. Load profile storage capacity ALPHA Plus meters Release 2.2 and higher 1 channel 2 channels 4 channels Interval (minutes) 5 15 30 5 15 30 5 15 30 Maximum days1 48 141 255 24 71 141 12 36 71 Minimum days2 44 132 255 22 67 132 11 33 67 ALPHA Plus meters Release 2.0 and 2.1 1 channel Interval (minutes) Maximum days 1 Minimum days2 1. 2.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description Physical Description The physical components of the ALPHA Plus meter consist of the following: ■ cover assembly ■ electronic assembly ■ base assembly See Figure 2-8 for an illustration of the ALPHA Plus meter physical components. Base assembly Nameplate Cover assembly Optical port Electronic assembly RESET ALT Figure 2-8.
2.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description Table 2-4. ALPHA Plus meter available wiring forms Meter style 1 Form Test Amps Class Elements Kh Type of service QA3xxxxx 1S 30 200 1 7.2 2-wire single phase QA4xxxxx 1S 50 320 1 12 2-wire single phase QC3xxxxx 2S 30 200 1 7.2 3-wire single phase QC4xxxxx 2S 50 320 1 12 3-wire single phase QA2xxxxx 3S 2.5 20 1 0.6 2 or 3-wire single phase QC2xxxxx 4S 2.5 20 1 0.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Physical Dimensions The ALPHA Plus meter fits all standard S–base services. Meters with an A–base are also available. See Figure 2-9 for an illustration of the S– base meter type and dimensions. See Figure 2-10 and Figure 2-11 for illustrations of the A–base meter type and dimensions. 34mm (1.35 in) 177mm (6.95 in) 162mm (6.4 in) 139mm (5.5 in) 19mm (0.75 in) Figure 2-9. S–base meter type and dimensions, front and side view 177mm (6.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description 188mm (7.39 in) 149mm (5.87 in) 79mm (3.094 in) 79mm (3.094 in) Figure 2-11. A–base meter type and dimensions, back view 2003.February.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Option Boards Any ALPHA Plus meter (except A1D+) can have a communication option board installed. Communications option boards connect to the ALPHA Plus meter main circuit board via the 20–pin header ( J4) as shown in Figure 2-13.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description Internal modem option board P6 P10 Internal modem interface board J11 J5 Mounting post (3 total) P8 Voltage leads P5 Current sensor leads P4 J2 Mounting post (3 total) J3 J4 Figure 2-12. ALPHA Plus meter with internal modem (2 relays) An ALPHA Plus meter equipped with an internal modem is capable of remote communications when connected to an analog telephone line.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual The internal modem also provides off–hook and intrusion detection. These features are designed to address situations that may arise from the use of a modem equipped meter on a telephone line which is shared by other telephone extensions. Note: In order to use an internal modem option board, a modem interface board is also required for the ALPHA Plus meter.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description &RPPXQLFDWLRQ RXWSXW FRQQHFWRU 5HOD\ RXWSXW FRQQHFWRU 9ROWDJH OHDGV &XUUHQW VHQVRU OHDGV 3 - 0RXQWLQJ SRVW WRWDO Figure 2-13. ALPHA Plus meter with external communications (RS-232/RS-485 option board with 2 relays shown) RS-232 Option Board Connections The RS-232 cable exits the ALPHA Plus meter through the opening in the meter base and is terminated in an RJ-11 jack.
2. Product Description ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual The RS-485 option board may also be equipped with 2 or 4 optional output relays. These relays function as described in “Relay Outputs” on page 5-2. 20mA Current Loop Option Board Connections The cable from the 20mA current loop option board exits the ALPHA Plus meter through the opening in the meter base and is terminated in an RJ-11 jack.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2. Product Description Wide Area Network (WAN) Option Board Connections The WAN option board connects to the ALPHA Plus meter main circuit board via the 20–pin header ( J4) as shown in Figure 2-14. A 4–lead cable exits the meter base and terminates in a 4-pin connector. Communication cable connector Relay output connector Voltage leads Current sensor leads P4 J4 Mounting post (3 total) Figure 2-14.
2. Product Description 2-30 ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 3. Operating Instructions ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 3. Operating Instructions 2003.February.
3. Operating Instructions ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Indicators and Controls LCD The LCD is used to display meter data and status information. See Figure 3-1 for the dimensions of the LCD. .175 in .125 in 4.44 mm 3.18 mm .094 in .188 in 4.78 mm 2.39 mm .25 in 6.35 mm .375 in 9.52 mm .125 in 3.18 mm Figure 3-1. LCD dimensions As shown in Figure 3-2, the LCD can be divided into different display fields, with each displaying a particular type of information.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 3. Operating Instructions Display Quantity This 6-digit display on the LCD shows either metered quantities or other displayable information depending upon how the ALPHA Plus meter has been programmed. The display digits are definable through Elster Electricity meter support software for both energy and demand readings. From 3 to 6 total digits with up to 4 decimal places can be used.
3. Operating Instructions ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Table 3-1.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 3. Operating Instructions Operating Mode Indicator Table 3-2 shows which operating modes correspond with the operating mode display on the ALPHA Plus meter LCD. See “Operating Modes” on page 3-11 for more information. Table 3-2. LCD operating mode indicator Indicator Operating mode Description None Normal mode The ALPHA Plus meter is in this mode most of the time. If an error has occurred, a message will be displayed on the LCD.
3. Operating Instructions ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Potential Indicators Each potential indicator corresponds to a phase voltage present on the ALPHA Plus meter connections. If the potential indicators are on, then all phase voltages are present. If an indicator is blinking steadily then that phase voltage is either missing or below the defined threshold for voltage sag detection. See “Momentary Voltage Sag” on page 4-15 for more information.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 3. Operating Instructions The alternate mode may also be initiated by placing a magnet against the right side of the meter cover about one inch back from the meter face, at the 5 o’clock position. This will activate the reed switch on the main circuit board. See Figure 3-4 for an illustration of this. 0DJQHWLF $/7 EXWWRQ a 0DJQHWLF $/7 EXWWRQ Figure 3-4.
3. Operating Instructions ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual ■ voltage phase rotation ■ service voltage and current limits ■ voltage sag detection threshold Note: Using the RESET button to lock the service will not perform a demand reset unless it is pressed a second time. The ALT Button Pressing the ALT button normally initiates the alternate mode. See “Operating Modes” on page 3-11 for more information about ALPHA Plus meter operating modes.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 3. Operating Instructions The RESET/ALT Mechanism The RESET/ALT mechanism located on the front of the meter cover allows access to the RESET and ALT button functions without removing the meter cover.
3. Operating Instructions ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Pressing the TEST button and rotating it 90° counterclockwise will lock the button in the pressed position. This allows for continuous pressing of the button without having to hold the button down manually. Pressing again and rotating clockwise will allow the button to be released. Note: When the TEST button is continually pressed, the 3 block interval time out does not apply.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 3. Operating Instructions Operating Modes The ALPHA Plus meter has 4 modes of operation which provide details about the metered quantities and status of operation. These modes are configurable through Elster Electricity meter support software and can be negotiated with convenient push buttons located on the front of the meter. Self test and system instrumentation quantities also provide useful information about the ALPHA Plus meter.
3. Operating Instructions ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Alternate Mode The alternate mode can be programmed with Elster Electricity meter support software to display a second set of quantities on the LCD. Alternate mode is most often used for displaying nonbilling data, but it can be programmed to display any of the available display quantities.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 3. Operating Instructions Test mode may be initiated by pressing the TEST button or through Elster Electricity meter support software. When this is done, the LCD will begin to flash 7(67 while the remainder of the LCD will show all zeros for approximately 6 seconds. The test mode display sequence will then cycle for three block demand test intervals unless test mode is exited before then. If thermal demand has been selected, test mode will remain in effect for 45 minutes.
3. Operating Instructions ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual The error message can only be cleared by correcting the condition which is causing the error. See “Error Codes and Warnings” on page 6-3 for a description of the error and warning codes. After correcting the error condition, the meter will need to be reprogrammed using Elster Electricity meter support software.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools 2003.February.
4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual System Instrumentation System instrumentation is a collection of display quantities designed to assist in evaluating a service by providing real time analysis of the conditions present at the ALPHA Plus meter installation. Instrumentation quantities should not be confused with billing quantities because they are intended for a different purpose entirely. The instrumentation measurements are near instantaneous and require no memory storage within the meter.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools The displayed quantity will show a measurement and a unit of measure on the ALPHA Plus meter LCD. See Figure 4-1 and Figure 4-2 for illustrations showing a system instrumentation quantity. See Appendix B, “Display Table,” for a complete listing of available system instrumentation quantities. ALT Figure 4-1. Instrumentation phase A voltage PREV SEAS Figure 4-2.
4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual ALT Figure 4-4. Instrumentation phase B current measured If an ALPHA Plus meter is programmed to display a system instrumentation quantity for a phase which does not exist (phase B or C on a single element meter for instance), then that display quantity will automatically be skipped. This allows different meter types to be programmed with a similar configuration using Elster Electricity meter support software.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools Table 4-2.
4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual System Service Tests System service tests can be performed in order to determine the validity of the electrical service which the ALPHA Plus meter is metering. The following are verified by these tests: ■ service type ■ phase rotation ■ validity of phase voltages ■ validity of phase currents The system service tests consist of a system voltage test and a system current test.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools If the service voltage test is successful, the validated voltage service is shown on the ALPHA Plus meter LCD and the test will continue to the next display quantity in the sequence. See Figure 4-6 for an illustration of a valid service. Figure 4-6. System test valid service found If the test is not successful, a warning is set and the 6(U service error code will be shown in the display quantity field on the LCD as shown in Figure 4-7.
4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Initiating the Service Voltage Test The service voltage test may be initiated in any of the following ways: ■ The ALPHA Plus meter may be programmed with Elster Electricity meter support software to enable or disable the service voltage test.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools Whether in autolock or manual lock mode, the system service voltage test will be performed at midnight (or every 24 hours on A1D+ meters) and compared with the locked service. If the detected service does not match the locked service, the 6(U error code will be displayed on the LCD. To display billing quantities: ■ see “Normal Mode” in Table 3-4 (ALPHA Plus Release 2.0 and 2.1) ■ see “Error Mode” in Table 3-4 (ALPHA Plus Release 2.
4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual An / will be shown on the LCD between the voltage magnitude and the service type in order to indicate that the manual locking has completed. See for an illustration of this. If the RESET button is not pressed to accept the service, the LCD will alternate between showing SYS and all dashes with the detected service information until the service has been manually locked. PREV SEAS Figure 4-8.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools If the service current test fails, a warning is set, and a service error code (for example, 6<6 , ) will be shown in the display quantity field on the LCD as shown in Figure 4-10. See “System Service Error Codes” on page 4-12 for more details on system service error codes.
4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual System Service Error Codes When 6(U is shown in the display identifier on the LCD, the displayed quantity is a numeric representation of a system service error code. This indicates that there may be a service problem with the ALPHA Plus meter installation. Table 4-3 and Table 4-4 show all possible system service error codes. Table 4-3.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools Table 4-4.
4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual PQM Test Definitions The ALPHA Plus meter, equipped with the optional power quality monitoring features, can monitor circuit parameters on a cyclic basis, 24 hours a day throughout the billing period. Because the meter samples per phase voltage and current as part of the metering process, this information can be used to perform a series of tests. Power quality monitoring (PQM) tests may be turned on or off through Elster Electricity meter support software.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools PQM tests do not interfere with any meter functions related to energy measurement. These tests are run separately from the metering functions. Table 4-5 shows the available monitors along with a description. Table 4-5.
4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual The threshold is defined as a percentage of the lowest nominal per phase voltage and recommended to be in the range of 60% to 99.9%. On a 2-element 240V 3WD meter, 80% would be 192V since both phases are nominally 240V. However, on a 3-element 240V 4WD meter, 80% would be 96V since phase A and phase B are nominally 120V. The duration is defined as a minimum time and a maximum sag event duration time (32 to 6000 milliseconds).
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools The threshold is defined as a percentage of the expected nominal voltage and recommended to be in the range of 60% to 99.9%. This percentage will be applied to each phase voltage. On a 3-element 240V 4WD meter, 80% will test phase A and phase B at 96V, and test phase C at 166V. The minimum duration is defined as 0 to 60 minutes where 0 causes the event to be recognized as soon as it is detected.
4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Low Current Test This PQM test monitors the service current for values that fall below a specified limit. The test will check for erroneous operation or failure of a current transformer, and can detect signs of meter tampering. If all phase currents fall below the limit (on an initial no-load or test condition) then no warning or indication will be provided.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools Second Harmonic Current Test This PQM test detects the presence of a second harmonic current in the service. The second harmonic may be created by equipment on the line or may indicate the presence of DC currents on the system. The threshold is defined as a value in AC amperes according to the meter class. Table 4-6 shows suggested threshold values for different meter classes. Table 4-6.
4. Meter Tools ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual This PQM test monitors voltage conditions and can be used to alert the utility to conditions which may be harmful or dangerous to the system or other equipment. The threshold is defined as a percentage distortion of the fundamental. The minimum duration is defined as 0 to 60 minutes where 0 causes the event to be recognized as soon as it is detected. PQM Event Counters and Timers Each PQM test has an event counter associated with it.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Meter Tools The counter and timer for each phase are maintained within the ALPHA Plus meter memory. A report of these values can be obtained through Elster Electricity meter support software. These counter and timer values may also be cleared using the same software. See “Voltage Sag Log” on page 2-16 for more information on the voltage sag log. 2003.February.
4. Meter Tools 4-22 ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 5. Outputs ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 5. Outputs 2003.February.
5. Outputs ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Relay Outputs A relay output board may be connected to the ALPHA Plus meter main circuit board via the 20-pin header ( J4), as shown in Figure 5-1, to provide pulse and indication relay outputs. In cases where remote communications are also desired, the relay board may have communication connections. The four general relay configurations are listed below: ■ Single relay (KYZ1) dedicated to kWh-Del pulse output.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 5. Outputs The KYZ1 relay is a dedicated kWh-Del pulse output which is controlled by the Ke value of Wh-Del. In most configurations, Ke is equal to Kh divided by 24. A software programmable divider can be used to reduce the output frequency of the relay, effectively multiplying the output Ke value by the divider.
5. Outputs ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual The standard relay output is a cable from the relay option board which exits the meter base or terminal block. For a relay option board providing 1 or 2 output relays, a 6-conductor cable is provided. A 12conductor cable is provided for the 6 relay option board. shows color codes for each of these cables. Table 5-1.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 5. Outputs Optical Pulse Outputs The optical port contains a phototransistor and a light emitting diode (LED), as shown in Figure 5-2. The LED emits pulse outputs that can be used to test the ALPHA Plus meter in the field without removing the meter from service or breaking the seal. The LED test outputs are provided whenever the meter is in alternate mode or test mode. 2SWLFDO SRUW /(' 3KRWRWUDQVLVWRU Figure 5-2.
5. Outputs ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual On LED Off Kh Kh Kh Figure 5-3. Standard pulse outputs (based on Kh) When using fast Ke pulse outputs, the meter provides a transition at each Ke. The energy from rising edge to rising edge is equal to twice the meter Ke. On LED Off Ke Ke Ke Ke Ke Ke Ke Figure 5-4.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing 2003.February.
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Overview ALPHA Plus meters are factory calibrated and tested to provide years of trouble free service. No field calibrations or adjustments are required to ensure accurate operation of the meter. It is customary, however, to periodically test installed ALPHA Plus meters in order to ensure accurate billing. The ALPHA Plus meter performs its own self tests.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing Error Codes and Warnings The ALPHA Plus meter displays error codes and warnings as an indication of a problem which may be adversely affecting its operation. When a meter is displaying an error or warning code, it will continue to function as normally as possible. See “Operating Modes” on page 3-11 for more details about error mode.
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual (U will be continually shown on the normal display if the ALPHA Plus meter has been programmed to lock on warning codes. In this case, a warning condition exists and the warning code can be seen using the alternate mode display sequence. See “Warning Codes” on page 6-5 for a description of possible warning codes. Note: The error code may also be selected as a display quantity when programmed with Elster Electricity meter support software.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing All displayed quantities should be manually recorded to preserve existing information before powering down the ALPHA Plus meter. The meter battery may need to be replaced at this time, and the error statuses then reset through Elster Electricity meter support software. If the error code still is shown, the meter must be returned to the factory for repair.
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Table 6-2. ALPHA Plus Meter Warning Codes Display Definition ) No warning ) , Battery warning ) , Improper meter engine operation ) , Reverse energy flow ) , Modem configuration checksum error ) , Potential indicator or PQM error ) , Demand overload Potential indicator and meter engine warnings will be automatically cleared when the condition causing the warning has been corrected.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing F 000010: Improper meter engine operation This warning code indicates that the meter engine program may be corrupt or is not executing correctly. This warning condition is typically triggered when the meter engine signals the microcontroller to reinitialize itself. An unstable (noisy) electrical environment at the ALPHA Plus meter installation can interfere with this operation.
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual This warning code may also indicate that the selected power quality monitoring tests or service voltage test has detected a circuit parameter outside of the programmed thresholds. Using the meter system instrumentation features and other tests, the utility can determine whether this is the result of a meter malfunction or a problem with the installed service.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing Meter Shop Testing Test Equipment Meter shops develop testing configurations specific to their own needs.
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Test Setup Before testing the ALPHA Plus meter, check the nameplate for the following: ■ test amperes ■ appropriate operating voltage range Table 6-4 shows how the meter Kh relates to the energy value of the LCD arrows. Table 6-4. Nameplate Kh and energy value of LCD arrow indicators Nameplate meter Kh Energy value of arrows1 Pulse ratio P/R = 24 0.6 0.05 24 1.2 0.1 24 7.2 0.6 24 1.8 0.15 24 14.4 1.2 24 21.6 1.8 24 P/R = 48 1.2 0.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing General Test Setup The following general procedure should be used to create a setup location for the ALPHA Plus meter: Use only authorized personnel and proper test procedures to test metering equipment. Dangerous voltages are present. Personal injury, death, or equipment damage can result if safety precautions are not followed. 1. Temporarily install the meter in a mounting device which will hold it in the proper operating position. 2.
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2SWLFDO SRUW /(' 3KRWRWUDQVLVWRU Figure 6-1. Location of the Meter Optical Port and LED Pulse Output Formulas Used in Testing When testing the ALPHA Plus meter, manual calculations may be necessary to verify meter quantities. Table 6-5 shows the naming conventions used to indicate variable quantities in these calculations. Table 6-5.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing Watt-hour Constant The watt-hour constant (Kh) is a measure of the electrical energy metered per pulse of the optical port infrared LED. This measurement is expressed in watt-hours (Wh) per 500 pulse periods per hour. In a single element meter 1000 pulses per hour would be used in the equation instead of 500.
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual In order to calculate meter accuracy by comparing the calculated power to the measured power, the following formula can be used: Accuracy = 100 × Powerread Powercalc Note: If a reference standard with precision current or voltage transformers (such as the Knopp transformer) is used, then the standard Kh or Ke must include CTR and VTR.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing Meter Testing Since no adjustments are required for the ALPHA Plus meter in the field, testing a meter is primarily done to ensure that it is operating within factory specifications. This is normally done by simply checking the meter calibration. For precise test results, meters should be tested at the same temperature as the testing equipment. This will ideally be about 22°C (72°F).
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual To obtain standard calibration readings from an ALPHA Plus meter, the following procedure should be used: 1. Verify the meter calibration at full load, using the formula for calculating the meter accuracy as shown in “Calculating Meter Accuracy” on page 6-13 to determine the percent accuracy. 2. Verify the meter calibration at light load, using the same formula as in step 1. 3.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing Under normal circumstances, the VARh measurement of the meter does not need to be checked because it is automatically adjusted whenever the watt-hour portion has been calibrated. However, if VARh measurement is desired to be verified, the same procedure discussed in “Watt-hour Testing” on page 6-15 can be used or use the following procedure: 1. Apply a known reactive load to the meter. 2.
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Under normal circumstances, the VAh measurement of the meter does not need to be checked because it is automatically adjusted whenever the watt-hour portion has been calibrated. However, if VAh measurement is desired to be verified, the same procedure discussed in “Watt-hour Testing” on page 6-15 can be used or use the following procedure: 1. Apply a known load to the meter. 2.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing Installation Site Testing Since no adjustments are required for the ALPHA Plus meter in the field, testing a meter is primarily done to ensure that it is operating within factory specifications. This is normally done by simply checking the meter calibration. There are several tests which may be performed while the meter is in service in order to verify proper operation.
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual The primary advantage of the third option is that the cover assembly will not have to be removed in order to access the TEST button and Elster Electricity meter support software is not required. Using the EOI Indicator in Test Mode The subinterval timing of the meter may be verified by measuring the time between EOI pulses according to the following procedure: 1.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing 3. Watch the meter LCD for the EOI indicator to appear 10 seconds before the end of the subinterval. Stop the stopwatch when the EOI indicator is turned off. 4. Verify that the normal mode subinterval length equals the measured time on the stopwatch. Accuracy Tests Accuracy tests can be used to confirm that the kWh readings are accurate as calibrated.
6. Testing ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 9. Verify that the observed demand equals the load kilowatts after one complete interval, indicating that the meter calculations of demand are accurate. Counting Pulses Manually The accuracy of the meter can be tested by manually counting pulses according to the following procedure: 1. Place the meter in test mode by pressing the TEST button or through Elster Electricity meter support software. 2. Place a known load on the meter. 3.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 6. Testing 9. Verify that the observed demand equals the load kilowatts after one complete interval, indicating that the meter calculations of demand are accurate. The calculated kWh may not be exactly equal to the observed kWh. The time the meter was in test mode with load applied and the time between starting and stopping the stopwatch can vary the calculations. This is normal and does not necessarily reflect inaccurate measurements. 2003.February.
6. Testing 6-24 ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 7. Installation and Removal ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 7. Installation and Removal 2003.February.
7. Installation and Removal ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Preliminary Inspection Before applying power to the ALPHA Plus meter, a quick check of the meter itself is recommended. Below are some items to look for: ■ broken parts ■ missing or broken wiring ■ bent or cracked components ■ evidence of overheating Physical damage to the outside of the ALPHA Plus meter could indicate potential electronic damage on the inside. Do not connect power to a meter which may have unknown internal damage.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 7. Installation and Removal Placing the Meter into Service The ALPHA Plus meter is calibrated and tested at the factory to be ready for installation. Proper installation and removal should be adhered to for personal safety and for protection of the meter from damage. Circuit-closing devices must be used on current transformer secondaries. This applies to Form 9S, 35S, 35A, 36S, 36A, and 10A. Dangerous currents and voltages are present if secondaries are open-circuited.
7. Installation and Removal ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Make sure the meter being installed matches the service type, maximum current, and capacity required. Installing a mismatched meter can damage equipment. ALPHA Plus meters are not intended for use with phase-shifting transformers. All phase voltages have a common internal to the meter, which can result in equipment damage if used with phase-shifting transformers.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 7. Installation and Removal PP LQ PP LQ PP LQ PP LQ /,1( /2$' PP LQ PP LQ PP LQ Figure 7-2. Bottom-connected (A-base) meter, front and side view An integral A-base ALPHA Plus meter may be used, or an S-base meter with the S-base to A-base adapter, for installing to bottom-connected services. To ensure proper operation of the ALPHA Plus meter, use the following procedure to install an A-base meter: 1.
7. Installation and Removal ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Apply the bottom-supporting screws. 188mm (7.39 in) 149mm (5.87 in) 79mm (3.094 in) 79mm (3.094 in) Figure 7-3. Mounting diagram for A-base meters Use authorized utility procedures and safety precautions in wiring the meter. Dangerous voltages can be present. Personal injury, death, or equipment damage can result from improper wiring procedures. 5. As required by authorized utility procedures, install the ground connections.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 7. Installation and Removal Installing an Optional Battery The meter should be de-energized before installing the battery. Dangerous voltages are present; and personal injury, death, or equipment damage can result if safety precautions are not followed. Use authorized procedures to install the battery while power is removed from the meter.
7. Installation and Removal ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 4. Connect the battery leads to the terminal on the front of the ALPHA Plus meter, just above the battery well. 5. Place the battery firmly in the battery well with the battery leads located near the bottom of the well. 6. Replace the meter cover. 7. Energize the meter and verify that the LCD becomes active and functioning correctly. 8. Replace the seals. 9. Reprogram the meter or clear the errors (as necessary).
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 7. Installation and Removal Initial Setup After installing and powering the ALPHA Plus meter, verify the following: 2003.February.27 ■ The system service voltage test (if enabled) shows the valid service for this installation. The phase rotation, service voltage, and service type should be indicated on the LCD. Additional validation information may be obtained using the system instrumentation display quantities.
7. Installation and Removal ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Removing an ALPHA Plus Meter from Service The removal procedures for S-base ALPHA Plus meters differs slightly from A-base meters. The removal procedure should be used according to the service wiring type. Use authorized utility procedures to remove metering equipment. Dangerous voltages are present, and personal injury, death, or equipment damage can result if safety precautions are not followed.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 7. Installation and Removal 3. Break the seal holding the ALPHA Plus meter terminal cover in place. 4. Remove the terminal cover screw and take off the terminal cover. 5. Disconnect the wiring. 6. Remove the lower supporting screws. 7. Lift the meter off of the top supporting screw and remove the screw as well. Removing an Optional Battery The meter should be de-energized before removing the battery.
7. Installation and Removal ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Disassembling the Meter The ALPHA Plus meter can be disassembled as shown in Figure 7-4. Do not disassemble the meter chassis or remove the electronic module from the meter chassis with power present. Doing so could result in exposure to dangerous voltages resulting in possible personal injury, death, or equipment damage.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 7. Installation and Removal Removing the Nameplate In order to remove the nameplate, the cover assembly must first be removed. Once the cover has been removed, the following procedure should be used to remove the nameplate: 1. Flex the nameplate using a screwdriver until the tabs clear the slots on the face of the electronic assembly. Removing the Electronic Assembly In order to remove the electronic assembly, the cover assembly must first be removed.
7. Installation and Removal ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Returning the Meter to the Factory The ALPHA Plus meter should never be returned to the factory for repair or replacement without a meter return authorization number (RMR). To obtain this authorization, the information on the following form must be provided. Upon receipt of this information, an Elster Electricity representative will issue an RMR with instructions on how the meter should be packaged for return. 7-14 TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 7. Installation and Removal Meter Return Authorization Request Form Customer Information Contact Person Contact Person’s Telephone Number Return Shipping Address Return Shipping Value (for Customs) ALPHA Plus Meter Information Purchase Order Number Meter Serial Number Elster Electricity Style Number Component Type Description Details of Problem Error or Warning Code Displayed Actions Taken to Correct Problem Details of Reason for Return 2003.February.
7. Installation and Removal 7-16 ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 8. Loss Compensation ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 8. Loss Compensation 2003.February.
8. Loss Compensation ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Introduction Loss compensation is available as an optional feature for ALPHA Plus meters. Loss compensation is not available as an Alpha Key and must be specified at the time of purchase.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 8. Loss Compensation Software Support A meter with loss compensation must first be programmed with the proper utility configuration using AlphaPlus software as you would with any other ALPHA Plus meter. Next, a special programming step is performed to load the proper loss constants into the meter. This is done with special loss compensation tools that are found in AlphaPlus software versions 1.21 and higher.
8. Loss Compensation ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Calculating the % Correction Values for Configuring the Meter When using the “Direct Entry” method to configure an ALPHA Plus meter, enter the following values into AlphaPlus software. These values are site specific and must be uniquely determined for each loss compensation application.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 8.
8.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 8. Loss Compensation Parameter %LWFe %LWCu %LVFe %LVCu 2003.February.
8. Loss Compensation ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Line Loss Calculations Compensation for line losses may include primary losses, secondary losses, or both depending on the application. Input Data Necessary to Calculate Line Losses The following information is necessary to calculate the line losses.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 8. Loss Compensation Item XL Equation If using GMR L × 0.2794 × (f/60) × Log(Deq/GMR) If using Xa L × [Xa + (0.2794 × (f/60) × Log Deq)] where Deq = 3 Dab × Dbc × Dca Step 2.
8. Loss Compensation ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Step 3. If compensating for both transformer and line losses return to Step 3 of the previous section using the above calculated line losses to help calculate the %LWCu and %LVCu values. If compensating only for line losses use the following equations to calculate the per element % Correction Factors, the Meter Voltage, and the Meter Current for entry in the Loss Compensation software fields.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 8. Loss Compensation Calculation Example The following example can be used as a guideline. This is based on the sample transformer data for loss compensation shown in chapter 10 of the Handbook for Electricity Metering (10th edition).2 Application notes: ■ The application is a bank of three single-phase power transformers. ■ The metering occurs on the low (secondary) side of a power transformer, and losses will be added to the measured energy.
8. Loss Compensation ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Calculations Note: Because the metering is on the secondary side of the power transformer, all references to rated voltage and rated current refer to the secondary rated values. Item Description VAphase KVArated × 1000 = 3333 × 1000 = 3,333,000 Vrated Vsec L-L = 2520 Irated 3 × VAphase / Vsec L-L = Meter voltage Vrated / PT = 126V Meter current Irated / CT = 3.82A 3 × 3,333,000 / 2520 = 2290.84 Phase 1.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 8. Loss Compensation Phase 3. Calculations Item Value LWFe 9340 LWCu 18692 LVAFe KVArated × 1000 × (%EXC/100) = 3333 × 1000 × (0.91 / 100) = 30330 LVACu KVArated × 1000 × (%Z/100) = 3333 × 1000 × (8.
8. Loss Compensation ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Now the per element % Correction Factors may be calculated: Item %LWFe Value LWFe × 100 28680 × 100 = = 0.2484 Vrated × Irated × Elements 2520 × 2290.84 × 2 %LWCu (LWCu + LiWTOT ) × 100 56027 × 100 = = 0.4853 Vrated × Irated × Elements 2520 × 2290.84 × 2 %LVFe LVFe × 100 94734 × 100 = = 0.8205 Vrated × Irated × Elements 2520 × 2290.84 × 2 %LVCu (LVCu + LiVTOT ) × 100 808313 × 100 = = 7.0009 Vrated × Irated × Elements 2520 × 2290.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 8. Loss Compensation Internal Meter Calculations To understand the loss compensation calculations, it is first necessary to understand a little bit about how the ALPHA Plus meter engine operates. Internal to the meter engine Vrms and Irms are measured independently on each phase every two line cycles. These values are used to perform the normal energy calculations on each phase every two line cycles. The individual phase measurements are then summed.
8. Loss Compensation ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual AlphaPlus software calculates R, G, X, and B using the following formulas and then programs these values into the meter.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 8. Loss Compensation Meter Outputs Introduction When loss compensation is enabled on an ALPHA Plus meter all of the following use the compensated values: ■ all register billing data ■ all pulse profile data ■ all KYZ pulse outputs ■ all test pulses (both in the LCD and on the LED) Compensation does not affect instrumentation values or the meter features that use instrumentation values.
8. Loss Compensation 8-18 ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D A. Glossary ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual A. Glossary 2003.February.
A. Glossary ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Glossary Alpha Keys. A system combining hardware and software to upgrade existing ALPHA Plus meters; keys allow addition of new functionality to an existing meter for an additional fee. ALT button. See alternate mode alternate mode.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual A. Glossary continuous cumulative. A display technique used with demand calculations and similar to cumulative demand, except that upon demand reset the continuous cumulative demand becomes the new base to which the new demand will be added. CTR. See current transformer ratio cumulative.
A. Glossary ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual end of interval. The indication that the end of the time interval used to calculate demand has occurred; an EOI indicator is on the LCD and an optional relay can be supplied to provide an EOI indication. energy. Power measured over time error mode.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual A. Glossary four quadrant metering. See Figure A-1 for an illustration of energy relationships for delivered and received real power (kW), apparent power (kVA), and reactive power (kVAR). kVAR Delivered Q1 Q3 Q4 kVA Received kW Received kVA Delivered kW Delivered Q2 kVAR Received Figure A-1. Four quadrant metering quantity relationships future program.
A. Glossary ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual line frequency. The frequency of the AC current on the transmission line, often used in time-keeping applications in lieu of the internal oscillator; may be either 50Hz or 60Hz depending upon the country (region). liquid crystal display. The LCD allows metered quantities and other information about the ALPHA Plus meter and installed service to be viewed; display quantities are programmable through Elster Electricity meter support software. load control.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual A. Glossary PS. See previous season data polyphase. Power metering involving multiple AC phases. power outage count. The number of power outages which have occurred since the last time the meter was programmed or had values and statuses reset. previous billing period. Used to describe billing energy and demand from the previous billing period. previous season data.
A. Glossary ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual transformer rated. A meter designed to work with current or voltage transformers; the maximum current of a transformer rated ALPHA Plus meter is typically 20A. voltage transformer ratio. The ratio of primary voltage to secondary voltage of a voltage transformer; for example, 12,000V to 120V would have a voltage transformer ratio of 100:1. VTR. See voltage transformer ratio A-8 TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D B. Display Table ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual B. Display Table 2003.February.
B. Display Table ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Display Quantities Display quantities for the ALPHA Plus meter are grouped as shown below: ■ general ■ metered quantity dependent ■ system instrumentation See “Metered Energy and Demand Quantities” on page 2-7 for a list of metered quantities for ALPHA Plus meters. General Display Quantities Account:1,2,3. Displays the assigned account identification which can be comprised of either 14 alphanumeric characters or 27 numeric digits.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual B. Display Table Demand Interval. The demand interval and subinterval as defined in minutes, and shown in the LCD separated by two dash “-” characters. Demand Reset Count. The total number of demand resets which have been performed since the last time the ALPHA Plus meter was programmed with Elster Electricity meter support software. Demand Reset Date. The date of the most recent demand reset which was performed on a TOU capable ALPHA Plus meter. End Power Out Date.
B. Display Table ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Present Season. The present season for a TOU configuration based upon seasonal changes. Present Time. The present time on a TOU capable ALPHA Plus meter. Program Change Date. The date at which the TOU capable ALPHA Plus meter program was last changed. Program ID. The program identification number which was assigned through Elster Electricity meter support software. Pulse Ratio (P/R).
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual B. Display Table Cumulative QTY. The cumulative demand, where QTY represents one of the metered quantities, over all billing periods; the previous billing period value for this quantity is also available, and previous season is available on TOU configurations. kVARh-Q1,2,3,4. The total kVARh measured for the quadrant; the previous billing period value for this quantity is also available, and previous season is available on TOU configurations. QTY.
B. Display Table ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Rate A,B,C,D Maximum QTY. The maximum demand, where QTY represents one of the metered quantities, for the rate; the previous billing period value for this quantity is also available, and previous season is available on TOU configurations. Rate A,B,C,D Time, Max QTY.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual B. Display Table System kVA. The instantaneous kVA (vectorial) for the service. System kVAR. The instantaneous kVAR (vectorial) for the service. System Power Factor. The instantaneous power factor (vectorial) for the service. System Power Factor Angle. The instantaneous power factor angle for the service. System Service Current Test. Performs the system service current test (if a valid service is locked) and reports any errors. System Service Type (locked).
B. Display Table ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual General Display Quantities Display quantity Display ID & units ID Value Account: 1 iii aaaaaa Account: 2 iii aaaaaa Account: 3 iii xxxxaa Alpha-to-modem baud iii -xxxxx Comm session Count iii xx Complete LCD test 888 888888 CT ratio iii xxxx.xx Days since input pulse iii xx Days since reset iii xxxxxx Demand interval iii mm--MM iii xxxxxx Demand reset date iii xx.xx.xx End power out date iii xx.xx.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual B. Display Table Display quantity Display ID & units ID Value Security check date iii xx.xx.xx Start power out date iii xx.xx.xx Start power out time iii hh mm Time left interval iii mm.ss Transformer factor iii xxxxxx VT ratio iii xxxx.xx Wh per pulse iii xxx.xxx Warnings F xxxxxx Metered Quantity Dependent Display Quantities Display quantity Display ID & units ID Value Average PF iii x.
B. Display Table ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Display quantity Display ID & units ID Value Rate B kWh-Del RATE B KWh iii xxxxxx Rate B coincident kW-Del RATE B KW iii xxxxxx Rate B cumulative kW-Del RATE B CUM KW iii xxxxxx Rate B date, Max kW-Del RATE B iii xx.xx.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 2003.February.27 B. Display Table Display quantity Display ID & units ID Value PHA current angle to PHA voltage PhA xxx.x°A1 PHB current angle to PHA voltage Phb xxx.x°A1 PHC current angle to PHA voltage PhC xxx.x°A1 PHA current THD ThA xx.xxdA PHB current THD Thb xx.xxdA PHC current THD ThC xx.xxdA PHA kW KW PhA xxx.xxx PHB kW KW Phb xxx.xxx PHC kW KW PhC xxx.xxx PHA kVA KVA PhA xxx.xxx PHB kVA KVA Phb xxx.
B. Display Table ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Display quantity Display ID & units ID Value PHC second harmonic voltage (% of fundamental) 2hC xxx.xdU1 PHA voltage PhA xxx.x U1 PHB voltage Phb xxx.x U1 PHC voltage PhC xxx.x U1 PHA voltage angle to PHA voltage PhA xxx.x°U1 PHB voltage angle to PHA voltage Phb xxx.x°U1 PHC voltage angle to PHA voltage PhC xxx.x°U1 PHA voltage THD ThA xx.xxdU PHB voltage THD Thb xx.xxdU PHC voltage THD ThC xx.xxdU Line frequency SyS xx.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D C. Nameplate Information ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual C. Nameplate Information 2003.February.
C. Nameplate Information ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual ALPHA Plus Meter Nameplate The ALPHA Plus meter nameplate provides important information about the meter. The nameplate can be configured to meet the needs of the utility company; however, is an illustration of the standard ALPHA Plus meter nameplate for transformer rated meters. Pkh Mult. by Q320F3D0-AD TYPE A1RL+ PREV SEAS RATE ABCD CONT CUM RESETS MAX TOTAL KWARh SERIAL # VTR CTR :1 :5 TEST ALT EOI 01 957 166 .
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual C. Nameplate Information Top Portion Figure C-2 shows the top portion of the nameplate for transformer rated meters. The nameplate displays the style number, meter type, and multipliers for the meter. 6W\OH QXPEHU Q320F3D0-AD TYPE A1RL+ 3ULPDU\ .K Pkh Mult. by VTR CTR 0HWHU W\SH 0XOWLSO\ E\ 9ROWDJH WUDQVIRUPHU UDWLR :1 :5 &XUUHQW WUDQVIRUPHU UDWLR Figure C-2.
C. Nameplate Information ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Lower Portion The lower portion of the nameplate displays the serial number, barcode, form factor information, and meter constants for the meter. See Table C-1 for a description of the firmware version information. 0DQXIDFWXUHU EDU FRGH 6HULDO QXPEHU SERIAL # 01 957 166 9ROWDJH UDQJH . &ODVV UDWLQJ * KZG001957166 CL20, 120 TO 480V, 4WY or 4WD, 60Hz FM 9S (8S) Watthour Meter R2.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D D. Wiring Diagrams ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual D. Wiring Diagrams 2003.February.
D. Wiring Diagrams ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Installation Wiring Diagrams 14 14 Alternate positions of movable potential terminal Form 1S Form 2S Form 3S 14 14 14 Form 4S Form 10S Form 9S This Form 10S does not strictly conform to the traditional Form 10S wiring. It is intended for use in most 10S applications. One side of each voltage section is wired common within the meter. This wiring restricts the use of phase shifting transformers to perform reactive measurement.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual D. Wiring Diagrams PS PS K Y Z K Y Z Form 10A 08E01 K Y Z Form 16A Form 13A PS PS K Y Z K Y Z Form 35A 2003.February.
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ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 1 2 3 3 2 D.
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ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual D.
D. Wiring Diagrams ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual 1 2 3 N 2 1 3 N 08B02 CIRCUIT CLOSING DEVICE 1If you use only 1 turn through the Line 3 current transformer (CT), the CT ratio must be reduced by ½. 2For D-8 Form 35S1,2 3 phase, 4 wire delta 2 CTs, no PTs ALPHA Plus meters, if using Form 35 in 4 wire delta applications, the autodetection feature must be enabled. TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual D.
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ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D E. Technical Specifications ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual E. Technical Specifications 2003.February.
E. Technical Specifications ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Absolute Maximums Voltage Continuous at maximum of operating range Surge voltage withstand Test performed Results ANSI C37.90.1 oscillatory 2.5kV, 2500 strikes Fast transient 5kV, 2500 strikes ANSI C62.41 6kV @ 1.2/50µs, 10 strikes IEC 61000-4-4 4kV, 2.5kHz repetitive burst for 1 min. ANSI C12.1 Insulation 2.5 kV, 60Hz for 1 min.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual E. Technical Specifications General Performance Characteristics Starting current Form 1S and Form 3S 10mA for Class 20 All other forms 5mA for Class 20 100mA for Class 200 160mA for Class 320 50mA for Class 200 80mA for Class 320 Startup delay <3s from power application to pulse accumulation Creep 0.000A(no current) No more than one pulse measured per quantity, conforming to ANSI C12.1 requirements.
E. Technical Specifications E-4 ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D F. Renewal Parts ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual F. Renewal Parts 2003.February.
F.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual F. Renewal Parts Description Style Number Output board cable grommet (relays and communications) 4072B26H03 Battery for TOU 800mA lithium thionyl chloride 1A46869H01 Relay output circuit board standoff posts (3 per board) 4072B42H01 Liquid crystal display 1C11226H01 Elastomeric connector (for LCD) 4072B67H01 2003.February.
F. Renewal Parts F-4 ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D 2003.February.
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual TM42-2182D ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual Index Numerics demand reset: 3-14 lockout: 3-14 20mA current loop option board: 2-28 A ALPHA Plus meter accuracy: 1-5 adaptability: 1-4 advanced features: 1-6 dimensions: 2-22 economy: 1-4 maintainability: 1-4 meter types: 1-9 option boards: 1-7 physical components: 2-19 reliability: 1-4 security: 1-5 standard features: 1-6 AMR Datalink: 2-18 average power factor: 2-8 B E electronic assembly: 2-19 end of interval: 3-6 end
ALPHA Plus Meter Technical Manual voltage sag: 2-16 loss compensation: 8-2 R magnetic reed switch: 3-7 modem sharing unit: 2-28 relay output: 5-2 specifications: 5-3 reset/alt mechanism: 3-9 RS-232 communication board: 2-27 RS-485 communication board: 2-28 O S off-hook detection: 2-26 operating modes: 3-11 alternate mode: 3-12 error mode: 3-13 normal mode: 3-11 test mode: 3-12 operation: 3-11 optional features 20mA current loop: 2-28 external serial communication: 2-28 RS-232: 2-27 RS-485: 2-27 wide
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