CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 1 Copyright © 2014 by Elenco® Electronics, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced by any means; electronic, photocopying, or otherwise without written permission from the publisher. U.S.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 2:45 PM Page 2 Table of Contents Basic Troubleshooting How to Use It Parts List About Your Circuit Maker Parts Introduction to Electricity WARNING: SHOCK HAZARD Never connect Circuit Maker to the electrical outlets in your home in any way! Basic Troubleshooting 1. Most circuit problems are due to incorrect assembly, always doublecheck that your circuit exactly matches the drawing for it. 2.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 3 How to Use Circuit Maker Sound Plus 200 Circuit Maker Sound Plus 200 uses building blocks with snaps to build the different electrical and electronic circuits in the projects. Each block has a function: there are switch blocks, light blocks, battery blocks, different length wire blocks, etc. These blocks are different colors and have numbers on them so that you can easily identify them.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 4 Parts List (Colors and styles may vary) Symbols and Numbers Important: If any parts are missing or damaged, DO NOT RETURN TO RETAILER. Call customer service tollfree at (800) 533-2441 or e-mail us at: help@elenco.com. Qty. ID r1 Name Base Grid (11.0” x 7.7”) Symbol Part # Qty. ID Name Symbol Part # 6SCBG r1 C2 0.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 5 Parts List (Colors and styles may vary) Symbols and Numbers Important: If any parts are missing or damaged, DO NOT RETURN TO RETAILER. Call customer service tollfree at (800) 533-2441 or e-mail us at: help@elenco.com. Qty. ID Name r1 Q2 r1 Symbol Part # Qty.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 6 About Your Circuit Maker Sound Plus 200 Parts (Part designs are subject to change without notice). BASE GRID The base grid is a platform for mounting parts and wires. It functions like the printed circuit boards used in most electronic products, or like how the walls are used for mounting the electrical wiring in your home. BATTERY HOLDER The batteries (B3) produce an electrical voltage using a chemical reaction.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 7 About Your Circuit Maker Sound Plus 200 Parts CAPACITORS Capacitors are components that can store electrical pressure (voltage) for periods of time, higher values have more storage. Because of this storage ability they block unchanging voltage signals and pass fast changing voltages. Capacitors are used for filtering and oscillation circuits. This kit includes 0.1mF (C2), 10mF (C3), and 100mF (C4) capacitors.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 8 Introduction to Electricity What is electricity? Nobody really knows. We only know how to produce it, understand its properties, and how to control it. Electricity is the movement of subatomic charged particles (called electrons) through a material due to electrical pressure across the material, such as from a battery. There are two ways of arranging parts in a circuit, in series or in parallel.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 9 DOs and DON’Ts of Building Circuits After building the circuits given in this booklet, you may wish to experiment on your own. Use the projects in this booklet as a guide, as many important design concepts are introduced throughout them. Every circuit will include a power source (the batteries), a resistance (which might be a resistor, capacitor, speaker, integrated circuit, etc.), and wiring paths between them and back.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 10 Advanced Troubleshooting (Adult supervision recommended) ELENCO® is not responsible for parts damaged due to incorrect wiring. If you suspect you have damaged parts, you can follow this procedure to systematically determine which ones need replacing: Note: Some of these tests connect an LED directly across the batteries without another component to limit the current.
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CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 13 Project #1 Electric Light & Switch Circuit Maker Sound Plus 200 uses electronic blocks that snap onto a clear plastic grid to build different circuits. These blocks have different colors and numbers on them so that you can easily identify them. Placement Level Numbers Build the circuit shown on the left by placing all the parts with a black 1 next to them on the board first. Then, assemble parts marked with a 2.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 14 Project #3 Electronic Playground Placement Level Numbers This complex circuit is pictured on the box cover, use that as a guide to help in building it. + + Circuit Maker Sound Plus 200 uses electronic blocks that snap onto a clear plastic grid to build different circuits. These blocks have different colors and numbers on them so that you can easily identify them.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 15 Project #4 + Playback & Record Build the circuit shown. Turn on the slide switch (S1), you hear a beep signaling that you may begin recording. Talk into the microphone (X1) up to 5 seconds, and then turn off the slide switch (it also beeps after the 5 seconds expires). Press the press switch (S2) for playback. It plays the recording you made followed by one of three songs.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 16 Project #8 Fun with Sounds Uncover the photoresistor (RP) to play a recorded message followed by music, cover it to stop the music. Turn on the slide switch (S1), you hear a beep signaling that you may begin recording. Talk into the microphone (X1) up to 5 seconds, and then turn off the slide switch (it also beeps after the 5 seconds expires). Push the press switch (S2) several times to make space war sounds.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 17 Project #10 Light Emitting Diode Build the circuit shown on the left by placing all the parts with a black 1 next to them on the board first. Then, assemble parts marked with a 2. + LEDs use very little power and last for thousands of hours. That’s why they replaced the standard light bulb in many products today. Project #11 Dim Light Use the circuit from Project #10, but replace the 100W resistor (R1) with the 1KW resistor (R2).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 18 Project #13 Microphone Control Project #14 Conduction Detector Build the circuit, but leave the ends of the red and black jumper wires unconnected at first. In this circuit, blowing on the microphone (X1) changes the LED (D1) brightness. The resistance of the microphone changes when you blow on it. You can replace the microphone with one of the resistors to see what resistor value it is closest to.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 19 Project #16 Red & White Control Turn on the circuit using the slide switch (S1) and/or the press switch (S2) and move the adjustable resistor’s (RV) control lever around to adjust the brightness of the D1 and L4. When the adjustable resistor is set to one side, that side will have low resistance and its light turns (assuming the switch on that side is ON) on while the other is OFF.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 20 Project #20 Parallel Resistors Turn on either or both switches (S1 & S2) and compare the LED (D1) brightness. This circuit has the 100W resistor (R1) and 1KW resistor (R2) arranged in parallel. You can see that the smaller 100W resistor controls the brightness in this arrangement. Project #22 Capacitors in Series Turn on the slide switch (S1), then press and release the press switch (S2).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 21 Project #24 Sound & Light in Series Turn on the slide switch (S1) and the speaker sounds as the lamp (L4) lights. The speaker and lamp are in series. The transistor is used to increase the voltage on the lamp, otherwise it wouldn’t light Project #26 Light-Controlled LED When there is light on the photoresistor (RP), its resistance is low and the LED (D1) will flicker. Shield the photoresistor from the light; the LED should turn off.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 22 Project #28 The Fuse Build the circuit shown. Pretend the 2-snap wire marked fuse in the drawing on the left is a device that will open the circuit if too much current is taken from the battery. With the slide switch (S1) turned on, remove the 2-snap wire marked fuse and notice how the lamp (L4) shuts off. Until the fuse is replaced, the open circuit path protects the electronic parts.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 23 Project #30 Shorting Bar for W, X, Y, or Z Quiet Zone Game Build the circuit on the left. It uses both jumper wires as permanent connections. It also uses three (3) 2-snap wires (“shorting bars”) under paper as shown. Setup: Player 1 sets the “Quiet Zone” by placing three (3) shorting bars under the paper on row A, B, C, or D, leaving only one open. Player 2 must NOT know where the shorting bars are located under the paper.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 24 Project #32 This OR That Build the circuit shown. Notice that if you turn on the slide switch (S1) OR press the press switch (S2) the LED (D1) lights up. There is no partially lit state here, the diode is either totally on or totally off. While this may seem very simple and boring, it represents an important concept in electronics.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 25 Project #34 Neither This NOR That Build the circuit at left and test the combinations of the slide switch (S1) and press switch (S2). If you compare it to the OR circuit in Project #32, you can see the LED (D1) lights in the opposite combinations of that circuit. Hence, we refer to it as a NOR circuit (short for “NOT this OR that”). Like the OR and AND, it is an important building block in computers.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 26 Project #36 Part B Part C Part A Batteries in Series Build the circuit and connect the black jumper wire as shown in Part A. The lamp (L4) is bright because it is powered by three (3) 1.5V “AA” batteries (4.5V total). Remove the right battery from the holder (B3) and move the end of the black wire to touch the right contact point in the holder as shown in Part B.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 27 Project #38 Diode Diodes are electronic components that allow current to flow in only one direction, blocking it in the other. The red LED (D1) are special diodes that can emit light, and the transistors (Q1 & Q2) can also be used as diodes. Turn on the slide switch (S1), the lamp (L4) will be bright and the LED (D1) will be lit.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 28 Project #40 Transistor Direction The press switch (S2) controls the NPN transistor (Q2) and can turn on the lamp. The slide switch (S1), however, cannot control the PNP transistor (Q1) and so cannot turn on the lamp. The two transistors are installed the same way in the circuit but work differently - current can only flow in the direction of the arrow marked on the part.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 29 Project #43 Slow Off Switch Build the circuit, turn on the slide switch (S1), and press the press switch (S2). You see that the LED (D1) doesn’t turn off immediately after you release the switch. If you remove the capacitor from the circuit by turning off the slide switch, then the LED goes off immediately. This delay in turning off the LED is caused by the 100mF capacitor (C4).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 30 Project #47 Reflection Detector Build the circuit on the left. Place it where there won’t be any room light hitting the photoresistor (RP) (such as in a dark room or under a table), and then turn it on. The 4.5V lamp (L4) will be bright but there should be no sound. Reset the circuit by turning the slide switch (S1) off and back on. Take a small mirror and hold it over the lamp and photoresistor.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 31 Project #49 Make Your Own Battery Build the circuit, then connect points Y & Z (use a 2-snap wire) for a moment. Nothing appears to happen, but you just filled up the 100mF capacitor (C4) with electricity. Now disconnect Y & Z and instead touch a connection between X & Y. The red LED (D1) will be lit and then go out after a few seconds as the electricity you stored in it is discharged through the LED and resistor (R2).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 32 Project #53 Standard Transistor Circuit Turn on the slide switch (S1) and move the adjustable resistor (RV) control lever across its range. When the lever is all the way down the LED (D1) will be off, as you move the lever up it will come on and reach full brightness. This circuit is considered the standard transistor configuration for amplifiers.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 33 Project #55 Transistor Amplifiers When you place one or more fingers across the two snaps marked X & Y you will notice the LED (D1) turns on. The two transistors are being used to amplify the very tiny current going through your body to turn on the LED. Transistors are actually electrical current amplifiers. The PNP transistor (Q1) has the arrow pointing into the transistor body.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 34 Project #58 NPN Amplifier There are three connection points on an NPN transistor (Q2), called base (marked B), emitter (marked E), and collector (marked C). When a small electric current flows from the base to the emitter, a larger (amplified) current will flow from the collector to the emitter. Build the circuit and slowly move up the adjustable resistor (RV) control.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 35 Project #60 PNP Collector Build the circuit and vary the lamp (L4) brightness with the adjustable resistor (RV), it will be off for most of the resistor’s range. The point on the PNP (Q1) that the lamp is connected to (point E3 on the base grid) is called the collector, hence the name for this project. Project #62 NPN Collector Compare this circuit to that in Project #60, it is the NPN transistor (Q2) version and works the same way.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 36 Project #64 NPN Light Control Turn on the slide switch (S1), the brightness of the LED (D1) depends on how much light shines on the photoresistor (RP). The resistance drops as more light shines, allowing more current to the NPN (Q2). Project #66 PNP Light Control Turn on the slide switch (S1), the brightness of the LED (D1) depends on how much light shines on the photoresistor (RP).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 37 Project #68 Automatic Street Lamp Press the press switch (S2) on and set the adjustable resistor (RV) so the lamp (L4) just lights. Slowly cover the photoresistor (RP) and the lamp brightens. If you place more light at the photoresistor the light dims. Project #69 Voice Control Turn the slide switch (S1) on and there should be no sound. The transistor is on so the voltage on U3 is low.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 38 Project #72 Light Alarm Build the circuit with the jumper connected as shown, and turn it on. Nothing happens. Break the jumper connection and the light turns on. You could replace the jumper with a longer wire and run it across a doorway to signal an alarm when someone enters. Project #74 + Project #73 Brighter Light Alarm Modify the circuit in the preceding project by replacing the LED (D1) with the 4.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 39 Project #75 Auto-Off Night Light When you turn on the slide switch (S1) the first time the LED (D1) will come on and very slowly get dimmer and dimmer. If you turn the slide switch (S1) off and back on after the light goes out it will NOT come on again. The 100mF capacitor (C4) has charged up and the NPN transistor amplifier (Q2) can get no current at its input to turn it on. This circuit would make a good night-light.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 40 Project #78 Two-Finger Touch Lamp Build the circuit on the left. You’re probably wondering how it can work, since one of the points on the NPN transistor (Q2) is unconnected. It can’t, but there is another component that isn’t shown. That component is you. Touch points X & Y with your fingers. The LED (D1) may be dimly lit. The problem is your fingers aren’t making a good enough electrical contact with the metal.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 41 Project #80 Storing Electricity Turn the slide switch (S1) on and connect points A & B with a 2-snap wire. The red LED (D1) will flash and the 100mF capacitor (C4) will be charged with electricity. The electricity is now stored in the capacitor. Disconnect points A & B. Connect points B & C and there will be a flash from the 4.5V lamp (L4). The capacitor discharges through the resistor to the base of the NPN transistor (Q2).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 42 Project #82 Motion Detector Place this circuit near a bright light. Turn the slide switch (S1) on and move the adjustable resistor (RV) control all the way up. The brightness of the lamp (L4) is at maximum. Now, move the adjustable resistor control down until the lamp goes out. Set the control up a little and the lamp lights dimly. Move your hand from side to side over the photoresistor (RP).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 43 Project #84 Whistling Recording IC Project #87 Build the circuit shown. Turn on the slide switch (S1), you hear a beep signaling that you may begin recording. Talk into the microphone (X1) up to 5 seconds, and then turn off the slide switch (it also beeps after the 5 seconds expires). Press the press switch (S2) for playback. It plays the recording you made followed by one of three songs.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 44 Project #88 Watch Light Turn on the switch and press the press switch (S2). The lamp (L4) stays on for a few seconds after you release the press switch. A miniature version of a circuit like this might be in your wristwatch - when you press a light button on the watch to read the time in the dark, a light comes on but automatically turns off after a few seconds to avoid draining the battery.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 45 Project #90 Photo-Off Night Light Cover the photoresistor (RP) and turn on the slide switch (S1). The LED (D1) is bright, but it will very slowly get dimmer and dimmer as the 100mF capacitor (C4) charges up. If you turn the slide switch off and back on after the light goes out, it will NOT come on again. Press the press switch (S2) to discharge the capacitor and reset the circuit.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 46 Project #92 Capacitor Photo Control Turn on the slide switch (S1) and press the press switch (S2). If there is light on the photoresistor (RP), then the LED (D1) will stay on for a few seconds after you release the press switch. The energy stored in the 100mF capacitor (C4) keeps the controlling current to the NPN transistor (Q2) on even though the press switch was turned off.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 47 Project #94 Turn Off Timer Turn on the slide switch (S1). Pressing the press switch (S2) down increases the voltage at the base of Q1. This turns the Q1, Q2, and LED (D1) off as the capacitor (C4) charges up. As you release the press switch, the capacitor starts discharging through resistor R5. When the voltage from the discharging capacitor drops low enough, Q1, Q2, and the LED turn on after a few seconds.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 48 Project #98 Project #100 Slow Light Dimmer Project #99 Not-So-Slow Light Turn on the slide switch (S1) and the LED (D1) comes on if there is light on the photoresistor (RP). If you cover the photoresistor, then the LED will stay on for a while, until the 100mF capacitor (C4) discharges. In the preceding circuit, speed up how quickly the LED shuts off by replacing the 100mF capacitor (C4) with the smaller 10mF capacitor (C3). The 0.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 49 Project #102 Adjustable Tone Generator Turn on the slide switch (S1); the speaker (SP2) will sound and the LED (D1) will light. Adjust the adjustable resistor (RV) to make different tones. In an oscillator circuit, changing the values of resistors or capacitors can vary the output tone or pitch. Project #103 Photosensitive Electronic Organ Modify the preceding circuit by replacing the 5.1KW (R3) with the photoresistor (RP).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 50 Project #105 This simple circuit can be used for communication. Press the press switch (S2) in long and short bursts to make a pattern of light flashes representing the dots and dashes shown in the Morse Code table shown. You can use Morse Code and this circuit to send secret messages to some friends in the room without others knowing what you’re saying.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 51 Project #108 The Lie Detector Turn on the slide switch (S1) and place your finger across points A & B. The speaker (SP2) will output a tone and the LED (D1) will flash at the same frequency. Your finger acts as a conductor connecting points A & B. When a person is lying, one thing the body starts to do is sweat. The sweat makes the finger a better conductor by reducing its resistance.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 52 Project #113 Whiner Build the circuit, turn it on, and move the setting on the adjustable resistor (RV). It makes a loud, annoying whine sound. The red LED (D1) appears to be on, but it is actually flashing at a very fast rate. Project #114 Hummer Now place the 0.1mF capacitor (C2) above the whistle chip (WC) and vary the adjustable resistor (RV) again.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 53 Project #117 Hissing Foghorn Build the circuit on the left and move the adjustable resistor (RV) setting. Sometimes it will make a foghorn sound, sometimes it will make a hissing sound, and sometimes it will make no sound at all. Project #118 Hissing & Clicking Modify the circuit in Project #117 by replacing the 100KW resistor (R5) with the photoresistor (RP).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 54 Project #120 Project #123 Tone Generator Build the circuit and turn it on; you hear a high-frequency sound Project #121 Project #122 Tone Tone Generator (II) Generator (III) Place the 0.1mF capacitor (C2) on top of the whistle chip (WC) in the preceding circuit, you hear a lower-frequency sound. Why? The whistle chip is used here as a capacitor and by placing the 0.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 55 Project #126 Sound Wave Magic Build the circuit shown on the left and connect the speaker (SP2) using the two (2) jumper wires. Then, lay the speaker on a flat hard surface. Paper tray Pitch Build the circuit on the left, turn it on, and vary the adjustable resistor (RV). The frequency or pitch of the sound is changed. Pitch is the musical profession’s word for frequency.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 56 Project #129 High Pitch Bell Build the circuit shown and press the press switch (S2). The circuit starts to oscillate. This generates the sound of a high pitch bell. Project #130 Steamship Project #131 Using the preceding circuit, connect the 0.1mF capacitor (C2) across the whistle chip. Press the press switch (S2). The circuit now generates the sound of a steamship.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 57 Project #132 Buzzing in the Dark This circuit makes a highfrequency screaming sound when light shines on the photoresistor (RP), and makes a buzzing sound when you shield the photoresistor. Project #135 Project #134 High Frequency High Frequency Water Buzzer Touch Buzzer Now place the lamp (L4) across the points marked A & B (in parallel with the speaker, SP2). Now touching your fingers between A1 & C1 creates a higher frequency sound.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 58 Project #138 Oscillator Turn on the slide switch (S1). Move the lever on the adjustable resistor (RV) until the LED (D1) is blinking. Adjust RV to see how fast and how slow you can make the LED blink. The LED may blink so fast that it looks like it is on all of the time. Project #139 Pulse Oscillator Use the circuit from Project #138. Connect a 1-snap to E5 and G5 and then connect the speaker (SP2) across the LED (on level 4).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 59 Project #142 Project #143 Mail Notifying Electronic Lamp Mail Notifying Electronic Lamp & Sound Turn on the slide switch (S1). If there is enough light on the photoresistor (RP), the lamp (L4) will not light. Place your finger over the photoresistor and now the lamp lights. The lamp will stay on until you turn off the slide switch. A simple mail notifying system can be made using this circuit.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 60 Project #149 Light Oscillator Set the adjustable resistor (RV) to the middle position and then turn on the slide switch (S1). Wave your hand over the photoresistor (RP) and the sound changes. You can adjust the sensitivity by moving the adjustable resistor to a different position. Project #150 Another Light Oscillator Project #151 Change the whistle chip (WC) to the 0.1mF capacitor (C2) and see how the sound changes.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:04 PM Page 61 Project #153 Transistor Power Set the adjustable resistor (RV) to the top position, turn the slide switch (S1) on and the speaker (SP2) sounds. Slowly adjust the adjustable resistor down; the loudness decreases and the time the sound is on is longer. Adjusting the lever down turns the NPN transistor (Q1) off, lowering the voltage on space war IC (U3).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 62 Project #158 Find some clothes that cling together in the dryer, and try to uncling them. Rub a sweater (wool is best) and see how it clings to other clothes. Electricity You Can Wear The crackling noise you hear when taking off a sweater is static electricity. You may see sparks when taking one off in a dark room. Note: This project works best on a cold dry day.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 63 Project #160 Static electricity was discovered more than 2,500 years ago when the Greek philosopher Thales noticed that when amber (a hard, clear, yellow-tinted material) is rubbed, light materials like feathers stick to it. Electricity is named after the Greek word for amber, which is electron. Project #161 Take a piece of newspaper or other thin paper and rub it vigorously with a sweater or pencil. It will stick to a wall.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 64 Project #162 Recording LED Indicator The circuit uses sound (beep) and light (LED) to indicate that you are recording. Build the circuit and the red (D1) should light. Now turn on the slide switch (S1). You hear one beep and the LED turns off. Speak into the microphone (X1) to record a message. When you turn off the slide switch, or the circuit beeps twice (indicating the recording is finished), the red LED turns on again.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 65 Project #165 LED Music Press the press switch (S2) once. The LED lights and music plays for a while. Press the press switch again and see how long the second song plays. When the second song stops, press the press switch (S2) again to play the third song. The lamp (L4) is used to limit the current and will not light.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 66 Project #168 Music AND Gate You will only hear music if you turn on the slide switch (S1) AND press the press switch (S2) AND there is light shining on the photoresistor (RP). This is referred to as an AND gate in electronics. The lamp (L4) is only used to limit current and will not light. This concept is important in computer logic. Example: If condition W, condition X, AND condition Y are true, then execute instruction Z.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 67 Project #170 Water Detector Build the circuit at left and connect the two jumpers to it, but leave the loose ends of the jumpers lying on the table initially. The LED (D1) will be dark because the air separating the jumpers has very high resistance. Touch the loose jumper ends to each other and the LED will be bright, because with a direct connection there is no resistance separating the jumpers.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 68 Project #172 Playback & Record with Light Build the circuit shown. Turn on the slide switch (S1), you hear a beep signaling that you may begin recording. Talk into the microphone (X1) up to 5 seconds, and then turn off the slide switch (it also beeps after the 5 seconds expires). Press the press switch (S2) for playback. It plays the recording you made followed by one of three songs.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 69 Project #174 Sliding Music Build the circuit shown and press the press switch (S2). It plays a recording followed by one of three songs. Move the slider on the adjustable resistor (RV) around to change the volume and for some sound effects. You may press the press switch several times to play three songs. The lamp is used to limit the current and will not light. You can change the recorded message.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 70 Project #176 Slow Light Switcher Turn the slide switch (S1) on. Set the adjustable resistor (RV) so that the lamp (L4) is on when there is light on the photoresistor (RP), and the LED (D1) is on when you cover the photoresistor. When you cover or uncover the photoresistor, the lamp & LED take a few seconds to switch on or off. Project #177 Space Battle Build the circuit shown on the left.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 71 Project #179 Shorting Bar for X, Y, or Z Build the circuit at left. It uses both jumper wires as permanent connections. It also uses two 2-snap wires as “shorting bars”. Setup: Player 1 sets the target by placing one shorting bar under the paper on row C, D, or E. Player 2 must NOT know where the shorting bar is located under the paper.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 72 Project #181 Blowing & Shining Lights Set the adjustable resistor (RV) lever to middle position and turn on the slide switch (S1). Blow on the microphone (X1) and cover/uncover the photoresistor (RP) to turn the lamps (L4) and LED (D1) on and off. Move the lever on the adjustable resistor around to adjust the sensitivity. Project #182 Adjustable Blowing Sound Turn on the slide switch (S1).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 73 Project #183 Tunable Oscillator Turn on the slide switch (S1) and slowly move the adjustable resistor (RV) control lever until the red LED (D1) is flashing. The speaker (SP2) will also make a clicking sound. The lamp (L4) will not light. You can remove the speaker if you don’t like the clicking sound. Project #185 Recording IC Build the circuit shown.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 74 Project #187 Mind Reading Game Shorting Bar for W, X, Y, or Z Build the circuit shown on the left. It uses two (2) 2-snap wires as shorting bars. Setup: Player 1 sets up by placing one shorting bar under the paper on row A, B, C, or D. Player 2 must NOT know where the shorting bar is located under the paper. The object is for Player 2 to guess the location by placing their shorting bar at positions W, X, Y, or Z.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 75 Project #188 Tap Start Recorder Build the circuit shown. Tap the case of the red LED (D1) for playback. It plays the recording you made followed by one of three songs. If you tap the case during playback, the music stops. The lamp (L4) and red LED do not light in this project. The lamp function as a jumper and the red LED as a diode. You can change the recorded message.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 76 Project #191 Adjustable Volume This circuit uses the variable resistor (RV) as a volume control. Build the circuit and set RV to the middle position. As the music plays, you can adjust the volume by moving RV control up or down from the center position. Project #192 Adjustable Volume Music This circuit uses the variable resistor (RV) as a volume control. Build the circuit and set RV to the middle position.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 77 Project #194 Audio Amplifier + Build this audio amplifier circuit shown. Set the slide switch (S1) on and talk or blow into the microphone (X1). You should hear your voice on the speaker (SP2). Your voice will not be very loud. Control the volume by adjusting the RV control. Project #197 Blowing Audio Amplifier + Build this audio amplifier circuit shown. Set the slide switch (S1) on and blow into the microphone (X1).
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:05 PM Page 78 Project #200 Air Audio Amplifier + Project #203 Build this audio amplifier circuit shown. Set the adjustable resistor (RV) control lever to the bottom position. Set the slide switch (S1) on and blow into the microphone (X1). You should hear static on the speaker (SP2) and the LED (D1) may flicker. Project #201 Red LED Audio Amplifier Use the circuit in Project #200 and swap the location of the speaker (SP2) and the 3-snap at D6-F6.
CM-200_Manual_031914.
CM-200_Manual_031914.qxp_CM-200_Manual_031914 4/2/14 12:58 PM Page 80 CM-200 Block Layout Important: If any parts are missing or damaged, DO NOT RETURN TO RETAILER. Call toll-free (800) 533-2441 or e-mail us at: help@elenco.com. Customer Service ● 150 Carpenter Ave. Wheeling, IL 60090 U.S.A. Note: A complete parts list is on pages 3 and 4 in this manual.
