ECS4510 Series Web Management Guide-R03

Chapter 12 | Security Measures
Access Control Lists
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Command Usage
The following restrictions apply to ACLs:
◆ The maximum number of ACLs is 512.
◆ The maximum number of rules per system is 2048 rules.
◆ An ACL can have up to 2048 rules. However, due to resource restrictions, the
average number of rules bound to the ports should not exceed 20.
◆ The maximum number of rules that can be bound to the ports is 64 for each of
the following list types: MAC ACLs, IP ACLs (including Standard and Extended
ACLs), IPv6 Standard ACLs, and IPv6 Extended ACLs.
The maximum number of rules (Access Control Entries, or ACEs) stated above is
the worst case scenario. In practice, the switch compresses the ACEs in TCAM (a
hardware table used to store ACEs), but the actual maximum number of ACEs
possible depends on too many factors to be precisely determined. It depends
on the amount of hardware resources reserved at runtime for this purpose.
Auto ACE Compression is a software feature used to compress all the ACEs of an
ACL to utilize hardware resources more efficiency. Without compression, one
ACE would occupy a fixed number of entries in TCAM. So if one ACL includes 25
ACEs, the ACL would need (25 * n) entries in TCAM, where “n” is the fixed
number of TCAM entries needed for one ACE. When compression is employed,
before writing the ACE into TCAM, the software compresses the ACEs to reduce
the number of required TCAM entries. For example, one ACL may include 128
ACEs which classify a continuous IP address range like 192.168.1.0~255. If
compression is disabled, the ACL would occupy (128*n) entries of TCAM, using
up nearly all of the hardware resources. When using compression, the 128 ACEs
are compressed into one ACE classifying the IP address as 192.168.1.0/24,
which requires only “n” entries in TCAM. The above example is an ideal case for
compression. The worst case would be if no any ACE can be compressed, in
which case the used number of TCAM entries would be the same as without
compression. It would also require more time to process the ACEs.
◆ If no matches are found down to the end of the list, the traffic is denied. For this
reason, frequently hit entries should be placed at the top of the list. There is an
implied deny for traffic that is not explicitly permitted. Also, note that a single-
entry ACL with only one deny entry has the effect of denying all traffic. You
should therefore use at least one permit statement in an ACL or all traffic will be
blocked.
Because the switch stops testing after the first match, the order of the
conditions is critical. If no conditions match, the packet will be denied.
The order in which active ACLs are checked is as follows:
1. User-defined rules in IP and MAC ACLs for ingress or egress ports are checked in
parallel.
2. Rules within an ACL are checked in the configured order, from top to bottom.