Operation Manual

 Pul sports-300/400  Pulsports-300/400
E18- -E19
READ THE FOLLOWING BEFORE
USING THE PULSPORTS
The human body requires water, air, sunlight and food to maintain
life. Water, vitamin, fibrin, carbohydrates, proteins and fat are the
main elements in food. The three primary elements -- carbohydrates,
protein and fat -- provide energy to body by burning oxygen.
Normally, five Kcal will be used for one liter of oxygen. The burning
oxygen is directly proportional with the generated of energy.
Correlation of Basic Metabolism and Heart Rate
Thus, when the body requires more oxygen to burn, the frequency of
breathing and heartbeat will increase to provide more oxygen.
Basic energy requirements
E
Total
=basic metabolism + energy consumption -- Formula (1)
VO
2
=1 MET + O
2
-- Formula (2)
1. Basic metabolism
Energy will be expended even while we sit at rest; the
consumption of oxygen is approximately 3.5 value called MET
(Metabolic Equivalent). The minimum energy for maintaining the
daily operation of body is called basic metabolism.
Basic metabolism (O
2
) = 1 MET = 3.5 mℓ O2/minute/kg
O
2
= 3.5 mℓ x 60 x 24 / kg / day = 5.04 ℓ/kg/day
Kcal = 5.04 x 5 Kcal/kg/day = 25.2 Kcal/kg/day (1 ℓ O
2
= 5 Kcal)
For example, the basic metabolism for a 70 kg is 1764
Kcal/day. (25.2 x 70)
2. Energy consumption by through work or exercise
The Body needs energy to Work or to exercise. Only 22~25% (23%)
of generated energy is used efficiently; i.e. in generating 1 Kcal of
energy, the body expends approximately 4~5 Kcal. This means that
between 75~80% of energy is transformed into heat, which is
released by perspiring.
3. Maximum ingestion of oxygen (VO
2
_
max) and maximum
heart rate measurement
According to formula (1) and (2) above, the body’s required
energy, ingestion of oxygen, weight and work/exercise-load are
proportional, as shown in the graph below:
According to formula (2), an increase in work/exercise load will
cause a proportional increase in output energy and VO
2.
However,
the output energy of the body is limited, because the lungs and
heart cannot work unconfined. Hence, physical conditioning is
decided by the maximum ingestion of oxygen; i.e. the individual
with a higher value of maximum ingestion of oxygen is in the
better physical condition. VO
2
_
max can be measured precisely in
lab; the maximum heart rate (HRM
_
max) can also be measured.
4. Estimated value of maximum heart rate
Referring to the ACSM (American Collage of Sports Medicine)
formula, the maximum heart rate can be estimated as HRM
_
max
(BPM, beat per minute) = 220 – Age.
This formula should in fact be used merely as reference in the
estimation of maximum heart rate, for in actually the rate will be
affected by weight, physical conditioning and life-behavior
patterns at all ages. Tolerance is approximately is at about 10~12
bpm.