User's Manual
Table Of Contents
- Table of Contents
- Safety Information
- Radio Overview
- Controls & Display
- Dual Controls & External Speaker
- General Operation
- 4.1 Basic Operation
- 4.1.1 Turning Power ON and Setting Volume
- 4.1.2 Power-Up Password
- 4.1.3 Speaking into the Microphone
- 4.1.4 Display Backlight Control
- 4.1.5 Display Viewing Angle and Contrast Adjust
- 4.1.6 Zone / Channel Display and Select
- 4.1.7 Setting Squelch Control
- 4.1.8 Transmit Disable
- 4.1.9 Operation At Extended Range
- 4.1.10 Preventing Vehicle Battery Discharge
- 4.1.11 Cleaning the Control Head
- 4.1.12 Radio Service
- 4.2 Operating Modes
- 4.1 Basic Operation
- Radio Wide Features
- 5.1 Option Buttons
- 5.2 Menu Mode
- 5.3 Time-Out Timer
- 5.4 Home Channel Select
- 5.5 Power Output Select
- 5.6 Alert Tone Select
- 5.7 Power Turn-Off Delay
- 5.8 Horn Alert
- 5.9 Microphone Off-Hook Detect
- 5.10 Surveillance Mode
- 5.11 Public Address
- 5.12 Scanning
- 5.13 Scan Lists
- 5.14 Global Positioning System (GPS)
- 5.15 Over the Air Programming
- Conventional Features
- 6.1 Monitoring Before Transmitting
- 6.2 Monitor Mode
- 6.3 Busy Channel Lockout
- 6.4 Call Guard Squelch
- 6.5 Penalty Timer
- 6.6 Conversation Timer
- 6.7 Repeater Talk-Around
- 6.8 Displaying Transmit / Receive Frequency
- 6.9 Emergency Alarm and Call
- 6.10 Conventional Mode Channel Scanning
- 6.11 Standard Conventional Calls
- 6.12 DTMF / ANI Signaling
- 6.13 Project 25 Mode Features
- 6.13.1 Digital Unit ID
- 6.13.2 Talkgroup ID
- 6.13.3 Network Access Code (NAC)
- 6.13.4 EFJohnson System Out of Range Indicator
- 6.13.5 EFJohnson System Automatic Registration
- 6.13.6 P25 Group Calls
- 6.13.7 P25 Unit Calls
- 6.13.8 P25 Conventional Telephone Calls
- 6.13.9 Call Alert
- 6.13.10 Call History
- 6.13.11 Messaging
- 6.13.12 Status Messaging
- 6.13.13 P25 Packet Data
- 6.14 Keypad Programming
- 6.15 Text Messaging
- 6.16 Sending Global Positioning System (GPS) Data
- SMARTNET / SmartZone / P25 Trunked Features
- 7.1 Analog and Digital Operation
- 7.2 Viewing Unit ID
- 7.3 Standard Group Calls
- 7.4 Private (Unit-To-Unit) Calls
- 7.5 Telephone Calls
- 7.6 Call Alert
- 7.7 Messaging
- 7.8 Sending Status Conditions
- 7.9 Emergency Alarm and Call
- 7.10 Failsoft Operation
- 7.11 SMARTNET / SmartZone / P25 Trunked Scanning Features
- 7.12 Dynamic Regrouping
- 7.13 SmartZone and P25 Trunking Unique Features
- 7.13.1 Busy Override
- 7.13.2 Site Trunking
- 7.13.3 Determining Current Site and Searching for a New Site
- 7.13.4 Locking / Unlocking a Site
- 7.13.5 Auto Site Search
- 7.13.6 ZoneFail Site Lock
- 7.13.7 P25 Wide Area Scan
- 7.13.8 Normal P25 and SmartZone Control Channel Hunt
- 7.13.9 Talkgroup Steering through System Access Permissions
- 7.13.10 P25 Wide Area Scan
- 7.13.11 Radio Information
- Secure Communication (Encryption)
- 8.1 Encryption Algorithms
- 8.2 Encryption Keys
- 8.3 Clear / Secure Strapping
- 8.4 Security Settings Override
- 8.4.1 Conventional (P25) Talkgroup Security Override
- 8.4.2 Secure Call Behavior
- 8.4.2.1 Failsoft, Group Regroup or Dynamic Regroup Call
- 8.4.2.2 Channel with only a Talkgroup Specified
- 8.4.2.3 Channel with both a Talkgroup and Announcement Group Specified
- 8.4.2.4 Channel with only an Announcement Group Specified
- 8.4.2.5 Announcement Group Call
- 8.4.2.6 Emergency Calls on Emergency Groups
- 8.4.3 Scan Mode Behavior
- 8.5 Over-The-Air Rekeying (OTAR)
- 8.6 Radio Setup For Encryption
- 8.7 Radio OTAR Capabilities
- Data Features
- Tones & Error Messages
- Service Information
8-10 Viking VM600 Mobile Radio Operating Manual
Secure Communication (Encryption)
8.5 Over-The-Air Rekeying (OTAR)
OTAR stands for “Over-The Air-Rekeying”. This is the process of sending encryption
keys and related key management messages over-the-air to specific radios. The advantage
of OTAR is that it allows these keys to be quickly and conveniently updated when
necessary. It is no longer necessary to periodically travel to the radio location or bring the
radio into a maintenance facility to load new keys.
The actual OTAR rekeying functions are performed by a Key Management Facility
(KMF) that sends Key Management Messages (KMM) to the RSI (Radio Set Identifier)
assigned to a specific radio or radios. These messages are themselves encrypted using a
unique key called the UKUK (Unique Key Encryption Key). Radios must be OTAR-
compatible, programmed for OTAR, and the UKEK loaded for OTAR for this type of
rekeying to occur.
Note The RSI is enabled in the KMF and must be assigned to the radio under OTAR in Armada.
OTAR is available only on P25 conventional and trunked channels, and only to program
DES-OFB and AES keys. It is not used on SMARTNET/SmartZone channels or to load
DES keys.
8.5.1 Encryption Key Types
There are two types of keys used with OTAR:
Traffic Encryption Key (TEK) - The key used to encrypt voice and data traffic. All
radios using encryption must have at least one of these keys.
Key Encryption Key (KEK) - The key used to encrypt keys contained in OTAR Key
Management Messages (KMMs). All radios which use OTAR must contain at least one
of these keys. The KEK used to decrypt/encrypt keys in an OTAR message is defined
by the algorithm and key IDs transmitted in the decryption instructions field. A KEK
may be unique to a particular radio (UKEK) or common to a group of radios (CKEK).
The SMA or KVL-3000 create only UKEKs, therefore you create and load UKEKs
before using OTAR.
8.5.2 Keysets
To simplify key management, OTAR divides the TEK keyspace into multiple sets. Exactly
one of these sets is said to be active at any given time, and only keys in the currently active
set will be selected for use when encrypting voice traffic. The Viking VM600 radio
supports two such keysets, Keyset 1 and Keyset 2. The valid SLN range for Keyset 1 and
Keyset 2 is 1 through 4095. Viking VM600 radios can be assigned up to 64 SLNs in this
range. See Figure 8.1.
Draft 4/29/2014