[P-51D Mustang] DCS Digital Combat Simulator P-51D Mustang DCS P-51D MUSTANG Flight Manual EAGLE DYNAMICS 1
DCS [P-51D Mustang] DCS: P-51D Mustang is a simulation of the legendary American WWII fighter - P-51 Mustang. DCS: www.digitalcombatsimulator.com Forum: http://forums.eagle.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS TABLE OF CONTENTS AN OLD INDIAN LEGEND .............................................................................................................................11 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................................13 AIRCRAFT OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................
DCS [P-51D Mustang] RADIO EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................................................. 46 ARMOR ............................................................................................................................................................ 48 ARMAMENT ......................................................................................................................................................
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Recognition Lights .................................................................................................................................... 90 Electrical Control Panel ............................................................................................................................ 91 AN/APS-13 Rear Warning Radar .............................................................................................................. 93 SCR-522-A VHF Radio .....................
DCS [P-51D Mustang] PRE-START ...................................................................................................................................................... 117 START-UP ....................................................................................................................................................... 124 STOPPING THE ENGINE ......................................................................................................................................
[P-51D Mustang] DCS BRAKE FAILURE ................................................................................................................................................140 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM FAILURE ..............................................................................................................................140 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FAILURE ..............................................................................................................................141 TIRE FAILURE ......
DCS [P-51D Mustang] F1 Navigation... ....................................................................................................................................... 158 F2 Engage... ............................................................................................................................................ 159 F3 Engage With... .................................................................................................................................... 159 F4 Maneuvers... ......
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Special thanks .........................................................................................................................................
DCS [P-51D Mustang] AN OLD INDIAN LEGEND 10 TABLE OF CONTENTS
[P-51D Mustang] DCS AN OLD INDIAN LEGEND Once upon a time, long ago, when his tribe was at war, a young Indian brave was called to the tepee of his eldest uncle. “My son,” said the uncle, who was one of the chiefs of the tribe, “you are needed to join our warriors in the fight. You haven’t many years, but you are strong of body and quick of mind. And you are greatly needed. So I have decided to bestow upon you a great honor,” continued the uncle.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] INTRODUCTION 12 /
[P-51D Mustang] DCS INTRODUCTION Like the Indian braves of the old southwest whose favorite in battle was the small speedy Mustang, young fighter pilots of World War II, with their newly won wings, almost without exception wanted to fly the famous namesake of that sleek and powerful war horse, the P-51. And no wonder, for the P-51 is truly a pilot’s aircraft. In mission after mission it had proved that it could more than hold its own against any opposition. Its speed and range were at the tops.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Figure 1: P-51A Mustang during a test flight near the North American Aviation plant in Inglewood, California, United States, Oct 1942 Up to this point, the Mustang had been powered by the Allison V-1710 series engine, which did not provide satisfactory high-altitude performance. When the need for the higher altitude, longer range fighters developed so urgently, it was decided to see what the Mustang could do to meet these requirements.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 2: P-51B The P-51D version of the Mustang retained all of the great features of its predecessor, with important added improvements. Chief among these are the increased visibility for the pilot in a new "bubble" canopy, more convenient cockpit arrangement, and heavier firepower with six .50-cal machine guns fitted in the wings.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Becoming the definitive model of the Mustang during World War II, over 8,000 P-51D airframes were produced. As the war drew to a close, P-51s were active not only in the European theatre, but also in the Mediterranean and in the Far East, where, like in Europe, the aircraft's long range and superior performance made it the ideal escort for bombers running missions into the heart of Japan.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS AIRCRAFT OVERVIEW EAGLE DYNAMICS 17
DCS [P-51D Mustang] AIRCRAFT OVERVIEW General Description The North American Aviation P-51D fighter aircraft is a single-seat, low wing monoplane powered by a 12 cylinder V-1650-7 liquid cooled, Packard built Rolls Royce "Merlin" engine. The engine is equipped with a two-speed, two-stage supercharger and an automatic manifold pressure regulator. The engine spins a four blade Hamilton Standard Hydromatic constant speed propeller. The Packard engine delivers approximately 1490 horse power at sea level.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 5: P-51D Drawings EAGLE DYNAMICS 19
DCS [P-51D Mustang] P-51D Major Assembly Parts Figure 6: P-51D Major Assembly Parts 20 1. Propeller Spinner 6. Engine Bottom Cowl Center 2. Engine Mount Front Flame 7. Engine Bottom Cowl Rear 3. Engine Top Cowling 8. Engine Bottom Cowl Aft 4. Engine Intermediate Cowling 9. Engine Mount Assembly 5. Engine Bottom Cowl Forward 10.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS 11. Wing Center Bulkhead 38. Elevator 12. Wing Fillet Forward 39. Elevator Trim Tab 13. Wing Fillet Intermediate 40. Rudder 14. Wing Fillet Rear 41. Rudder Trim Tab 15. Gun Nose Assembly 42. Fin 16. Landing Gear Access Door 43. Fin Fillet Forward 17. Outer Wing Panel 44. Empennage Fillet, Forward 18. Wing Tip Assembly Inner 45. Empennage Fillet, Lower 19. Aileron Assembly 46. Stabilizer Fillet Rear 20. Flap Assembly 47. Cover Assembly 21.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Fuselage The fuselage is a semi-monocoque, aluminum alloy structure consisting of three sections: engine mount, main fuselage, and aft section. The engine mount is a box-beam structure attached to the firewall at four points and extending forward on each side of and below the engine. The engine mount structure serves as the sole support for all parts of the aircraft which are forward of the firewall.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 8: P-51D Canopy Wing The airfoil is a full cantilever, two spar, laminar flow wing. It is filler finished and hand polished. The upper and lower leading edge surfaces are covered with a surfacer to assure smoothness of the airfoil sections. The metal-covered ailerons are statically, dynamically, and aerodynamically balanced. The left aileron is equipped with a trim tab, controllable from the cockpit.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Ammunition door Gun doors Cover-remote compass Gun doors Coverremote compass Ammunition door Upper surface Strut fairing Lower surface Wheel fairing door Fuel tanks Cover-remote compass Figure 9: P-51D Wing Covered Assembly 24 AIRCRAFT OVERVIEW Strut fairing Fuel tank door
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Tests have been conducted at the factory and it was found that, with a strip of wire 1/16” in diameter taped along the leading edge of the wing, the aircraft would not leave the ground. Frost will affect the wing in the same manner; therefore care must be taken to preclude any takeoff attempts with frost on the wing. Unique to the P-51 in its time was the laminar flow wing, which was developed by the US National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA).
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Tail Section The tail section consists of a horizontal stabilizer, vertical stabilizer, elevators, and rudder. The fabriccovered elevators and rudder are equipped with trim tabs controllable from the cockpit. Lead weights are attached to the leading edges to balance the elevators and rudder statically and dynamically. Compared to the earlier B-C model, the P-51D features a dorsal fin section ahead of the vertical stabilizer for increased lateral control and structural strength.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Surface Control Lock The surface control lock is located at the base of the control stick. To lock the controls, the stick is moved into the locking arm while pulling out the knob on the arm; then the knob is released to lock the stick in place. This locks all of the controls. The rudders catch and are locked when moved into neutral position. To release the lock, the locking arm is pulled out and the spring is moved forward out of the way.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] In emergency situations, the landing gear can be released by means of a red handle just above the hydraulic pressure gauge on the front panel of the cockpit. Pulling this handle releases the pressure in the hydraulic lines, allowing the gear to drop of its own weight when the landing gear lever is in the DOWN position. Slight rocking of the aircraft left and right using roll input may be required to ensure the gear is locked in place when hydraulic pressure is released.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 12: Packard Merlin V-1650 EAGLE DYNAMICS 29
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Figure 13: Packard Merlin V-1650 Automatic Boost Control Governor Mounting After Cooler Pump Magneto Fuel Pump Figure 14: Packard Merlin V-1650 30 AIRCRAFT OVERVIEW Coolant Pump Supercharger Carburetor
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Engine Ratings: Operating Condition RPM MP HP Critical Altitude With Ram Critical Altitude No Ram Blower Mixture Control Position Fuel Flow (Gal/Hr/Eng.) U.S. Maximum Duration (Minutes) Take-Off 3000 61 1400 S.L. S.L.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Figure 15: Supercharger For normal operations, the supercharger should be kept in AUTOMATIC mode. In this position, the supercharger is controlled by an aneroid-type pressure switch, which automatically cuts the unit into high or low blower as required. This switch is adjusted to cut the unit back into low blower mode approximately 1,500 feet under the altitude at which it cuts into high blower.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS rest. It compensates automatically for the difference in air density at different altitudes by gradually opening the carburetor butterfly valve in a climb or smoothly closing it in a descent. Carburetor air comes through a long carburetor air scoop directly under the engine. The aircraft’s motion forces air at high speed (or rams it) directly into the carburetor. This is termed ram air.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] GATE STOP PUSH PAST GATE STOP FOR WAR EMERGENCY POWER GATE STOP Figure 17: War Emergency Power Propeller The P-51D propeller is a Hamilton Standard four-blade, hydraulic, constant-speed propeller with a diameter of 11 ft, 2 in and a blade pitch range of 42°, set at 23° at low pitch and 65° at high pitch. The propeller RPM is controlled by the Propeller Control lever on the throttle quadrant in the cockpit.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Fuel System The Mustang features two main fuel tanks, one in each wing. The main tanks have a capacity of 92 gallons in each or a total of 184 gallons. An auxiliary 85 gallon tank is installed in the fuselage aft of the cockpit. There is also provision for carrying two droppable combat tanks on the wing bomb racks. These are available in 75-gallon and 110-gallon capacities. The total fuel capacity of the aircraft, including two 110-gallon droppable tanks, is 489 U.S. gallons.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Main Auxiliary Electrical wiring 6 Carburetor vapor return Vacuum pressure 5 4 7 3 8 Droppable combat tanks Total capacity 150 or 220 US Gals. Left tank Right tank Total capacity 92 US Gals. Total capacity 92 US Gals. 1 1 Figure 19: P-51 Fuel System 36 1. Booster Pump 2. Fuel Selector Valve AIRCRAFT OVERVIEW Aux. fuse. tank 2 85 US Gals.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS 3. Fuel Shut-Off Valve 4. Fuel Strainer 5. Engine-Driven Pump 6. Carburetor 7. Vacuum Pump 8. Booster Pump Switch The tanks are not interconnected and it is necessary to switch from one tank to the other to maintain balance. The three booster pumps are controlled by a single switch on the front switch panel. Selection between the tanks is performed by turning the booster pump switch to ON, then turning the fuel selector valve to the desired tank.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] The carburetor is of the fuel injection type with a separate idle cut-off device and is equipped with a vapor return line that extends to the left fuel tank. The vapor vent line may become a fuel return line if the needle valve in the vapor eliminator sticks in the open position. The left fuel tank should always be used first to ensure availability of space for any returning fuel.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS 2. Engine Driven Pump 3. Unloading and Relief Valve 4. Pressure Accumulator 5. Landing Gear Control Valve 6. Fairing Door Control Valve 7. Wing Flap Control Valve 8. Landing Gear Operating Strut 9. Fairing Door Operating Strut 10. Wing Flap Operating Strut 11. Emergency Release Valve 12. Check Valves 13. Master Brake Cylinders 14. Disc-type Brake In the main power system, a pump is permanently geared to the engine and maintains a pressure of 800-1100 lbs/sq.in.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] After Cooler and Engine Coolant Radiator Actuating Unit Actuating Unit Air intake Oil Radiator Controllable Outlet Doors Figure 22: P-51D Radiators An outlet door on the bottom of the air scoop controls the oil temperature. Under ordinary conditions this door is operated automatically. However it can be operated manually when running the engine on the ground or in case the automatic regulator fails in the air.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS OIL DILUTION SWITCH Figure 23: Oil Dilution Switch If the engine temperature is high, the engine should be stopped to allow it to cool to an oil temperature of about 40°C. Then the engine can be started again. The oil should be diluted immediately as explained above. Two minutes of oil dilution is sufficient for any ambient temperature down to 10°F. When starting in temperatures lower than 10°F, heating the engine and oil may be necessary.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] and the systems are not connected in any way. They both pass through a single large radiator, but in different compartments.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Electrical System The electrical system is a 24-volt, direct-current (DC) system which provides power for operating the various aircraft systems, controls, and lighting equipment. The system employs the aircraft's metallic structure as a common ground return. The electrical system runs off the battery until the engine reaches 1500-1700 RPM, when the generator is cut in by the voltage regulator. The battery charge and power for the electrical system is then supplied by the generator.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] The battery is just behind the pilot's armor plate in the radio compartment. The battery and generator disconnect switches are located on the Electrical Control panel. The generator switch should be left on at all times when the engine is running. The maximum normal charging rate of the generator is 100 amperes. The ammeter should be checked prior to takeoff. Takeoff should not be attempted if the generator is charging over 50 amperes.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS 4 7 Supply Lines Filler Lines 1 6 5 3 2 Figure 26: Oxygen System 1. Low Pressure Oxygen Cylinder Type F2 2. Low Pressure Oxygen Cylinder Type D2 3. Filler Valve 4. Oxygen Regulator 5. Pressure Gage 6. Blinker Flow Indicator 7. Oxygen Mask Tube Approximate Oxygen Supply Oxygen consumption depends on many varying factors, so the following is only an approximate time of available supply. These times are based on a 400 PSI initial pressure in the system.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] 25,000 6.0 4.9 12.6 20,000 7.1 3.3 9.0 15,000 8.1 2.7 9.0 10,000 10.2 2.1 9.0 As an aircraft ascends to high altitudes where the temperature is normally quite low, the oxygen cylinders become chilled. As the cylinders become colder, the oxygen gauge pressure is reduced, sometimes rather rapidly. With a 100°F decrease in temperature in the cylinders, the gauge pressure can be expected to drop by 20%. This rapid fall in pressure is not a cause for alarm.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS 1 4 9 2 10 3 11 5 6 12 7 8 14 13 Figure 27: Radio Equipment 1. AN/APS-13 Signal Light 2. Microphone Button 3. Detrola Radio Set 4. AN/APS-13 Control Panel 5. SCR-522-A Control Panel 6. AN/APS-13 Signal Bell 7. IFF Control Panel 8. SCR-522-A Dynamotor 9. Antenna Relay Box 10. SCR-522-A Radio Set 11. SCR-522-A Radio Mast 12. Detrola Antenna 13. AN/APS-13 Radio Set 14.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Armor Armor plating is provided at three points: back of the pilot’s seat, at the firewall in the opening between the engine and the fuselage, and behind the spinner, in front of the coolant tank. Further, protection is provided by the bulletproof glass windshield and the engine itself, which protects the pilot from head-on fire. Figure 28: P-51D armor Armament The P-51D is equipped with six free-firing .50 caliber machine guns, three in each wing.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS .50 cal Machine Guns M2 x6 500 lb. Bombs M64 5 in. Rockets HVAR Figure 29: P-51D Armament If the mission needs require longer firing time, it’s possible to remove the center gun in each wing. This allows each outboard gun to be loaded with 500 rounds. A single removable bomb rack can be attached to each wing. These can be loaded with either 100, 250, or 500 pound bombs. If bombs are not installed, chemical smoke tanks or droppable fuel tanks may be hung on the bomb racks.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Bomb-Rocket Release Switch Gun Trigger Switch Control Stick Grip Figure 30: Control Stick The aircraft is equipped with a K-14 gunsight, mounted on the instrument hood centerline. The sight includes both fixed and gyro-actuated optical systems, and computes the correct lead angle for targets at ranges from 200 to 800 yards. The K-14A sight features range lines on the fixed reticle, used for aiming rockets.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS COCKPIT EAGLE DYNAMICS 51
DCS [P-51D Mustang] COCKPIT The cockpit instruments and controls of the P-51D are grouped to provide the greatest possible efficiency in the limited space available. The cockpit can be both heated and ventilated. The pilot’s seat is designed to accommodate either a seat-type or a back-pack parachute. The back cushion is kapok-filled and can be used as a life preserver. The seat is adjustable vertically, but not forward-aft.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Front Dash Legend The front dash of the P-51D cockpit houses the K-14 Gunsight along with its associated controls, the instrument panel, engine control panel, landing gear warning lights, front switch panel, fuel system valve switches, and a number of additional indicators and controls. 1 16 2 17 3 18 4 19 5 20 6 21 7 22 8 23 9 24 10 25 11 26 12 27 13 28 14 29 15 30 Figure 32: P-51D cockpit front dash 1. 2. 3. 4.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 54 External Stores Control Switches Engine Control Panel Ignition Switch Gun, Camera and Sight Switch Fuel Shut-Off Valve Fuel Selector Valve Hydraulic Pressure Gauge Suction Gauge Manifold Pressure Gauge Flight Indicator Carburetor Air Temperature Coolant Temperature COCKPIT 21. Tachometer 22. Rate of Climb Indicator 23. Oil Temperature, Fuel, and Oil Pressure Gauge 24. Accelerometer 25. Oxygen Pressure Gauge 26.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Left Side Legend The left side of the cockpit includes the primary engine and mechanical systems controls, as well as the signal flare pistol mount and bomb salvo release handles. 1 2 10 3 11 4 12 5 13 6 14 7 8 15 9 16 Figure 33: P-51D cockpit left side 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Right Side Legend The right side of the cockpit includes the oxygen regulator, canopy controls, the Electrical Control panel with electrical system controls, and radio systems controls. 1 2 3 7 8 9 10 11 4 5 6 Figure 34: P-51D cockpit right side 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 56 Oxygen Regulator Emergency Canopy Release Canopy Handcrank Recognition Lights Keying Switch Circuit Breakers (under) Bump Plate Right Fluorescent Light Switch COCKPIT 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Front Dash Indicators and Controls This section will overview in detail all of the indicators and controls located on the front dash. K-14 Gunsight Fixed Reticle Mask Lever Gyro Motor Reflector Plate Wingspan Dial Span Knob Range Dial Crash Pad Lamp Cover Figure 35: K-14 computing gunsight The P-51D is equipped with the K-14 gunsight, mounted on the instrument hood centerline.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Gyro sight Fixed sight Fixed sight with ring mask Figure 36: K-14 sight reticles The reticle type and their brilliance are set on the Selector-Dimmer panel located under the left side of the instrument hood. This panel also contains a two-position toggle switch controlling the gyro mechanism. This switch should remain ON at all times. The sight is adjusted for the size of the target by means of the wingspan scale on the front of the sight.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS GYRO SELECTOR SWITCH. The sight gyro is controlled by the Gyro Selector switch with FIXED, FIXED & GYRO, and GYRO positions. The three positions allow the sight to be used as a fixed sight, combined fixed and compensating sight, or compensating sight only. GYRO MOTOR SWITCH. Used to turn the gyro motor on and off by setting to ON or OFF positions. SIGHT DIMMER RHEOSTAT. Used to adjust the sight brightness between DIM and BRIGHT settings.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Vacuum System Instruments Vacuum system instruments are operated by a vacuum pump driven by the engine and include the Flight Indicator, Bank and Turn Indicator, Directional Gyro, and Suction Gauge. Flight Indicator The AN5736 Flight Indicator (Gyro Horizon Indicator) indicates a miniature plane and a gyro-actuated horizon bar. This instrument is used during instrument flying to indicate the longitudinal and lateral attitude of the aircraft.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Turn Indicator Bank (slip) Indicator Figure 40: Bank and Turn Indicator Directional Gyro The AN5735 Directional Gyro Indicator is used to supplement the magnetic compass in maintaining the aircraft on a straight course. The indicator is nonmagnetic. Relative movement of the aircraft from right to left shows on the circular card which is graduated in degrees the same as a compass card. This instrument is provided with a caging knob. The Gyro Indicator is uncaged for normal operation.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Suction Gauge The AN5771-5 vacuum system suction indicates whether the vacuum pump is providing proper vacuum for the system. The instrument is graduated from 0 to 10 and indicates pressure in inches of mercury (inHg). If the gauge reads less than 3.75 or more than 4.25, the pressure is abnormal and vacuum instrument readings are not reliable. Normal suction reading is 4.00 inHg.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 43: Airspeed Indicator Red Line IAS lowers as altitude increases above 5,000 ft. Always anticipate a lower maximum permissible IAS as altitude increases above 5,000 ft! Altimeter The AN5760-2 altimeter determines the altitude at which the aircraft is flying by measuring atmospheric pressure.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Rate of Climb Indicator The AN5825 Rate of Climb Indicator shows the rate of ascent or descent of the aircraft. The instrument is graduated from 0 to 6,000 ft. in both positive and negative directions and indicates vertical speed in feet per minute. The face is scaled to 100 ft between 0 and 1,000 ft, and to 500 ft thereafter.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Engine Instruments The engine instruments include the Manifold Pressure Indicator, Tachometer, Carburetor Air Temperature Indicator, Coolant Temperature Indicator, and the Engine Gauge. Manifold Pressure Indicator The Manifold Pressure Indicator is used to set the desired engine power setting by adjusting the throttle.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Figure 47: Tachometer Carburetor Air Temperature Indicator The AN5790-6 Carburetor Air Temperature Indicator shows the temperature of the air running through the carburetor air scoop. The gauge indicates temperature in degrees Celsius (°C) and is graduated from - 70° to 150°C. The face is scaled to 10°C. The green range indicates normal operating temperature of 10° - 30°C. The Red Line indicates maximum temperature of 40°C.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 49: Coolant Temperature Indicator The Engine Gauge The engine gauge consists of three instruments in one – showing oil temperature, oil pressure, and fuel pressure. Oil temperature gauge Oil pressure gauge Fuel pressure gauge Figure 50: The Engine Gauge OIL TEMPERATURE GAUGE. The Oil Temperature Gauge dominates the top half of the Engine Gauge. The gauge is graduated from 0 to 100 and indicates oil temperature in degrees Celsius (°C). The gauge is scaled to 5°.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] pressure of 70-80 PSI. The Red Lines indicate a minimum permissible pressure of 50 PSI and a maximum permissible pressure of 90 PSI. FUEL PRESSURE GAUGE. The Fuel Pressure Gauge is located on the bottom right side of the Engine Gauge. The gauge indicates fuel pressure in pounds per square inch (PSI) and is graduated from 0 to 25 PSI. The gauge is scaled to 1 PSI. The green range indicates normal operating pressure of 12 - 16 PSI.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS mouse wheel to set the time, then return the knob into the pressed position with another click of the left mouse button. Time set knob Figure 52: Clock Oxygen Flow Indicator The Oxygen Flow Indicator is located immediately to the left of the Oxygen Pressure Gauge on the bottom right corner of the instrument panel. This indicator shows the flow of oxygen as it is inhaled and exhaled by the pilot. When the pilot inhales, the blinkers open as oxygen is moved through the system.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] (PSI). The instrument is graduated from 0 to 500 PSI and scaled to 50 PSI. Normal full pressure of the system is 400 PSI. Note, oxygen pressure readings can drop as altitude increases due to the cooling of the oxygen tanks. Conversely, the pressure can increase as altitude decreases due to the warming of the tanks. A rapid decrease of oxygen pressure in level flight or during a descent is abnormal and may indicate an oxygen system leak or malfunction.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Fuel Gauges A fuel gauge is connected to each main tank and the fuselage tank. The fuel gauges for the main (wing) tanks are located on the cockpit floor on either side of the seat. The fuel gauge for the fuselage tank is located behind the seat on the pilot's left side. Left Wing Main Tank Fuselage Tank Right Wing Main Tank Figure 56: Fuel Gauges Accelerometer The AN-5745 accelerometer indicates the load factor (G forces) acting on the airframe.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Reset knob Figure 57: Accelerometer Engine Control Panel The Engine Control Panel is located at the bottom left of the front dash and includes a number of switches to control engine systems. 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 58: Engine Control Panel 1. SUPERCHARGER BLOWER SWITCH. The Supercharger Blower switch has three positions: AUTO, LOW, and HIGH.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS AUTO. In AUTO mode, the supercharger operates automatically, switching from Low to High blower at an altitude of 14,500 to 19,500 feet, depending on the amount of ram air. The supercharger switches from High to Low blower at an altitude approximately 1,500 feet below that at which High blower engages to prevent repeated activation of High and Low blower modes at borderline altitudes. AUTO mode is the normal setting for the supercharger. LOW.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Front Switch Panel The front switch panel includes a number of weapons control switches, as well as the Ignition Selector switch, Cockpit Lights switch, and the Horn Silence button. 1 5 2 3 6 7 8 4 9 Figure 59: Front Switch Panel 1. IGNITION SELECTOR SWITCH. The Ignition Selector switch controls the magnetos used to start the engine and has four possible positions: OFF, R (right), L (left), and BOTH. OFF. The magnetos are turned off. R.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS 2. BOMB-ROCKET SELECTOR SWITCH. The Bomb-Rocket Selector switch controls the selection of external weapons for fire and has four possible positions: SAFE, ROCKETS, BOMBS BOTH, and BOMBS TRAIN. SAFE. When set to safe, external weapons are not released. ROCKETS. When set to rockets, rockets are fired according to the release settings set on the Rocket Control Panel. BOMBS BOTH.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] 7. ROCKET COUNTER. The Rocket Counter window indicates the next rocket to be fired according to station number. The left wing stations include #1, 3, 5, 7, and 9. The right wing stations include #2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. Note, stations 7, 8, 9, and 10 are not installed when bombs are carried. The knob of the Rocket Control Counter panel is used to set the desired rocket station for fire. This should be set to 1 at the start of a mission. 8. ROCKET DELAY SWITCH.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS MAIN TANK R.H. - Main Right Tank R.H. COMBAT DROP TANK - Right Drop Tank L.H. COMBAT DROP TANK - Left Drop Tank The fuel gauges for the two main (wing) tanks are located on the cockpit floor on either side of the pilot's seat. The fuel gauge for the fuselage tank is located aft of the seat, behind the pilot's left shoulder.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Parking Brake The Parking Brake handle is located just to the right of the Landing Gear Warning Lights at the bottom center of the instrument panel. Figure 61: Parking Brake To engage the parking brake, pull the parking brake handle out, depress the brake pedals, release the brake pedals, and then release the parking brake handle. To release the parking brake, simply depress the pedals. Never set the parking brake when the brakes are hot. The brake discs may freeze.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Left Side Controls This section will describe in detail the controls located on the left side of the cockpit. Throttle Quadrant The throttle quadrant includes the Throttle Control handle with the radio push-to-talk button, Propeller Control lever, Mixture Control lever, and friction locks. Throttle Control handle Push-to-Talk Mic button Prop Control lever Prop.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Throttle Control handle Push-to-Talk Mic button Prop Control lever Prop. and Mixture Control levers lock Throttle Control handle lock Mixture Control lever (4 positions) Figure 64: Throttle Quadrant with the Four Position Mixture Control Lever THROTTLE CONTROL HANDLE. The Throttle Control handle is used to set the desired manifold pressure by opening and closing the throttle butterfly of the engine.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS PROPELLER CONTROL LEVER. The Propeller Control lever is used to set the propeller RPM. The propeller governor is designed to maintain 1800 RPM at the low setting and 3000 RPM at the high setting. The governor automatically adjusts the propeller pitch to maintain the set RPM. High RPM settings are used when maximum performance is desired, such as takeoff or combat, while lower RPM settings are used to maximize fuel economy and engine wear during less demanding flight stages.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Radiator Air Control Panel The Radiator Air Control panel includes the Coolant Radiator Air Control switch, the Oil Radiator Air Control switch, the Landing Light switch, and the Left-hand Cockpit Fluorescent Light Rheostat switch. 1 2 3 4 Figure 65: Radiator Air Control Panel 1. COOLANT RADIATOR AIR CONTROL SWITCH. Airflow through the dual radiator is controlled by an electric actuator which is mechanically connected to the coolant flap in the rear of the air scoop.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS 2. OIL RADIATOR AIR CONTROL SWITCH. The Oil Radiator Air Control switch controls the electric actuator of the oil radiator air outlet flap, located midway along the bottom of the air scoop. The switch has four possible positions: AUTOMATIC, OPEN, CLOSE, and OFF. AUTOMATIC. This is the standard position of the switch and should be set for all normal operations.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Trim Tab Controls Trim tab controls are installed on the left side of the cockpit to control the elevator, rudder, and aileron trim tabs. Figure 66: Trim Tab Controls ELEVATOR TRIM TAB CONTROL WHEEL. The elevator trim tab control wheel is mounted in a vertical plane on the left console and is connected to the elevator trim tabs by dual cables. Rolling the wheel forward in the direction of the NH arrow makes the aircraft nose-heavy.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Carburetor Air Controls Cold outside ram air enters a duct in the nose just below the propeller spinner and moves toward the carburetor for induction into the engine. In case of dust or icing conditions, a door at the forward end of the duct can be closed mechanically from the cockpit using the Ram Air Control lever to force the air to enter through perforated side panels (and filters) on each side of the engine cowl.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Flaps Control The Wing Flaps handle is located on the left side of the cockpit, aft of the console. The handle has six positions: UP, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, and 50°. A detent is constructed for each position. Note, normal takeoff is performed with the flaps up. Flaps can be set to 15 - 20° down for a minimum-run takeoff.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 69: Bomb Salvo Handles Landing Gear Handle The Landing Gear handle is located on the left side of the cockpit just forward of the seat and is used to raise and lower the landing gear. The handle has two positions - UP and DN (down). The gear handle positions the landing gear selector valve through a mechanical linkage. The handle is springloaded into a detent in its quadrant and must be pulled inboard to be moved from one position to another.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Figure 70: Landing Gear Handle 88 COCKPIT
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Right Side Controls This section will describe in detail the controls located on the right side of the cockpit. Canopy Controls The cockpit canopy controls include the Canopy Handcrank and the Canopy Emergency Release handle. Canopy Emergency Release Handle Canopy Handcrank Figure 71: Canopy Controls CANOPY HANDCRANK. The Canopy Handcrank is used to open and close the canopy from inside the cockpit in normal and safe conditions.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] and flow directly to the mask. A feed line directs oxygen to the Oxygen Flow Blinker indicator to show when the regulator is functioning. Emergency valve Diluter lever Figure 72: Oxygen Regulator DILUTER LEVER. The Diluter lever is located on the side of the regulator case and may be positioned to NORMAL OXYGEN or 100% OXYGEN. The Diluter lever manually operates the air shutoff valve, allowing the regulator to deliver pure oxygen when the lever is in the 100% OXYGEN position.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Recognition Lights Keying switch Amber Recognition Light switch Green Recognition Light switch Red Recognition Light switch Figure 73: Recognition Lights RECOGNITION LIGHTS KEYING SWITCH. The keying switch is used to turn the recognition lights on and off when the lights are set to KEY on the Electrical Control panel. RECOGNITION LIGHT SWITCHES. The Red, Green, and Amber Recognition Light switches have three possible positions: OFF, STEADY, and KEY.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] 4 1 1 5 1 2 6 1 7 3 1 1 8 1 Figure 74: Electrical Control Panel 1. CIRCUIT BREAKER PANEL. A row of circuit breakers is provided on the Circuit Breaker panel. Each circuit is designed to pop out if it is overloaded and can be reset by pushing it back in. A master "bump" plate covers the panel to allow the pilot to reset all of the circuit breakers with one press of the bump plate. 2. RIGHT-HAND FLUORESCENT LIGHT RHEOSTAT.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS 5. BATTERY DISCONNECT SWITCH. The Battery switch has two positions: ON and OFF. When set to ON, battery power is supplied to the electrical system. When set to OFF, battery power is not provided. The switch should be set to OFF when external power is used for starting, to conserve the battery. Whenever the engine is running and external power is disconnected, the switch should be set in the ON position. 6. GUN HEAT SWITCH.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] SCR-522-A VHF Radio The SCR-522-A command radio is a push-button controlled transmitter-receiver that operates in the 100 - 156 MHz band and is used for radio homing and two-way voice communication. The control box is located just aft of the Electrical Control panel on the right side of the cockpit. A microphone button is located on the throttle handle. The radio operates on one of four preset frequency channels.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS SELECTED CHANNEL LIGHTS. The Selected Channel lights indicate when a channel is selected for reception and transmission. MODE LOCK SWITCH. The Mode Lock switch is used to lock the Mode switch in the selected position. When the Mode Lock switch is set to the up position, the Mode switch is held in place by a locking mechanism.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] The SCR-695-A IFF Radio is not operational in DCS: P-51D Mustang. AN/ARA-8 Homing Adapter The AN/ARA-8 Homing Adapter unit is used in conjunction with the SCR-522-A command radio to permit homing on any transmitting carrier within the frequency range of 120 - 140 MHz. In addition, this equipment may be used for air-to-air homing for the purposes of rendezvous. Homing can be performed on continuous wave (CW) and modulated continuous wave (MCW) signals.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS BC-1206 "Detrola" Radio Range Receiver Because the SCR-522-A radio command set installed in the aircraft is of the Very High Frequency type, the BC-1206 "Detrola" radio range receiver is used for reception of signals in the Low Frequency range of 200 - 400 kHz. The Detrola is located toward the bottom of the right side of the cockpit, forward of the seat. The Detrola is a receiver only and does not transmit.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Cockpit Heating and Ventilating Controls The P-51D is equipped to provide hot and cold air into the cockpit, as well as defrosting air for the windshield. Defroster Control Hot Air Control Cold Air Control Figure 80: Cockpit Heating and Ventilating Controls DEFROSTING CONTROL KNOB. The windshield Defrosting Control knob is located on the floor of the cockpit, on the left side below the seat.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS EAGLE DYNAMICS 99
DCS [P-51D Mustang] FLIGHT CHARACTERISTICS General Characteristics The P-51D is generally a very well-handling aircraft. It is very light on all of the controls and stable at all normal loadings. Light, steady pressure on the controls is sufficient to execute any routine maneuver. At various speeds in level flight or in climbing or diving, the control pressures required are slight and can be stabilized by adjustments on the trim tabs.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS When you lower the landing gear, the airplane becomes nose heavy. Similarly, normal flight attitude changes can be expected when raising or lowering the flaps and landing gear. Increased drag causes the aircraft to lower the nose, while decreased drag results in raising the nose. The P-51 does not hold a sustained side-slip. The aileron control is not sufficient to hold the aircraft in a side-slipping angle.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Take the maximum G load provided by the chart for 225 IAS at altitudes below 10,000 feet (4G) Multiply the chart reading by 9,000 (4 x 9,000 = 36,000) Divide the result by desired GW (36,000/11,000 = 3.27G) Figure 81: Load Factor Limitations Aerobatics are NOT permitted unless the fuselage tank contains less than 40 gallons of fuel or if external fuel tanks and/or bombs are carried. Engine Limitations The maximum diving engine overspeed is 3240 RPM.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Flaps Down Angle (degrees) Maximum IAS (mph) 10 400 20 275 30 225 40 180 50 165 When droppable 75-gallon combat fuel tanks are installed, do not exceed 400 mph indicated airspeed. Do not allow airspeed to fall below 110 mph indicated airspeed during a sideslip. Instrument Markings Flight and engine operating limits for normal flight are included on the cockpit on a special placard and consist of the following limits: Operational range Max.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Operational oil temperature Max. permissible oil temperature Operational fuel pressure range Operational oil pressure range Min. permissible oil pressure Figure 83: Max permissible oil temperature 90°C (194°F), operating oil temperature 70…80°C (158…176°F). Max permissible oil pressure 90 lbs./sq. in. Min permissible oil pressure 50 lbs./sq. in. Operating oil pressure range 70…80 lbs./sq. in. Max fuel pressure 19 lbs./sq. in. Min permissible fuel pressure 12 lbs./sq. in.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Operational Range RPM Max. take-off RPM Figure 84: Max. take-off RPM 3000. Operating Range 1600…2400. Max. permissible IAS Figure 85: Max.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Figure 86: Max.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Special Flight Conditions Full Fuselage Tank Special care must be taken with the control stick when the fuselage tank contains more than 25 gallons of gas. In such cases, the flying characteristics of the aircraft change considerably – increasingly so as the amount of fuel in the tank is increased. When carrying more than 40 gallons of fuel in the fuselage tank, it’s necessary to avoid any high performance maneuvers.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] shifts back into low blower on the descent. As a precaution, attention should be paid to the Supercharger control switch. If the amber light isn’t out below 12,000 feet, the supercharger should be set manually to LOW. When running in high blower, care should be taken to handle the throttle smoothly, as any rough handling will cause the engine to surge, greatly decreasing the efficiency of the airframe at high altitude and increasing control efforts.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS TO BE OUT OF DIVE AND IN LEVEL FLIGHT AT 4,000 FEET, START PULL OUT AT ALTITUDE INDICATED Figure 88: Minimum safe altitude Maximum Indicated Airspeed The maximum safe indicated airspeeds (IAS) for the P-51 at different altitudes are provided in the graph below. Note that at altitudes above 5,000 feet the figures are less than 505 knots IAS (KIAS). In other words, the red line speed for the P-51 is not a fixed figure, but a variable figure with altitude.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Figure 89: Maximum Indicated Airspeed Compressibility Compressibility effects result in a loss of control over the aircraft as it approaches the speed of sound and is the reason maximum IAS is reduced as altitude increases. The lift characteristics of the aircraft are largely destroyed and intense drag develops. The stability, control, and trim characteristics of the aircraft are affected.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS To avoid compressibility effects in a dive, it’s critical that a dive is entered at a safe airspeed for the altitude and that airspeed is monitored carefully during the dive. The table below indicates safe dive start airspeeds for different altitudes in both True Airspeed (TAS) and Indicated Airspeed (IAS). ALTITUDE [ft] AIRSPEED [mph] Figure 90: Maximum Allowable Diving Speeds Glides The P-51 can be glided safely at speeds down to 25% above stalling speed.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Alt. (ft) Dist. (mi) 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 115 101 87 72 58 43 29 14 Stalls A stall occurs when the aircraft is unable to generate sufficient lift for controlled flight, usually on one of both wings. This results in a loss of control to various degrees, leading to a possible wing-over or an uncontrolled spin in the worst case. The P-51 stalling characteristics are generally mild and recoverable.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Spins Power-off Spins In general, spins in the P-51D are uncomfortable, because of heavy oscillations. Occasionally, the left spin oscillations will dampen out after approximately three turns, but the right spin oscillations will not. When controls are applied to start a spin, the aircraft snaps one-half turn in the direction of the spin, with the nose dropping to near vertical.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] When performing a loop, the nose of the aircraft needs to be pulled over the top, as it may not do so by itself. Without pulling pressure on the stick, the aircraft has a tendency to climb on its back. The aerodynamic characteristics of the P-51D are such that snap rolls cannot be satisfactorily performed. Attempting to snap roll the aircraft aggressively may result in a power spin.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Although final approach speed depends largely on ceiling conditions, 130 mph with 15° of flaps is recommended.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] NORMAL PROCEDURES 116 /
[P-51D Mustang] DCS NORMAL PROCEDURES External Check The external check starts at the cockpit and moves clockwise around the left wing, engine, right wing and finally the tail section. In walking to the aircraft and going around it, check the entire airframe for wrinkles, loose rivets, dents, and loose access doors. Pay special attention to the following points: Check the tires. See that they are properly inflated, especially that they are not too low and not worn deeply in spots.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Carburetor ram air set to RAM AIR Carburetor hot air set to NORMAL Flap Handle UP Trim tabs o Rudder trim: 6° right. o Aileron trim: 0°. o Elevator trim: 2° nose heavy for full fuel and no drop tanks; 4° nose heavy for full fuel with drop tanks. Aileron - 0° Rudder - 6° right No combat tanks, fuselage tank full – 2° nose heavy. Combat tanks full, fuselage tank full – 4° nose heavy.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Landing gear handle – DOWN. Landing gear handle DOWN Left fuel gauge – check gauge, located on floor at your left. Mixture control – IDLE CUT-OFF. Propeller control – full forward to INCREASE. Throttle –open 1 inch.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Throttle open 1 inch Propeller set to full INCREASE Mixture set to IDLE CUTOFF Gunsight selector-dimmer switch ON. Gunsight selector-dimmer switch ON Armament switches 120 o Rockets switch SAFE. o Bombs switches OFF. o Gun safety switch OFF.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Rockets switch SAFE Left and right bomb switches OFF Gun switch OFF Altimeter – zero or set at airfield elevation, as required. Set takeoff altitude by turning the pressure knob Gyro instruments – uncage directional gyro and flight indicator (uncaged by default). Controls – adjust the rudder pedals to comfortable position, then unlock the controls and check to see that they operate without binding. Watch the control surfaces for correct response. Parking brakes – set.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Fuel selector valve – set to left wing tank. Fuel shutoff valve ON Fuel selector valve to MAIN TANK L.H. Right fuel gauge – check gauge, located on floor at your right. Fuel booster – ON. Fuel booster ON Ignition switch – turn to BOTH.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Ignition to BOTH Battery and generator switches – ON. Battery ON Generator ON Coolant and oil radiator flap control switches – operate manually from CLOSE to OPEN several times, and check by listening to determine whether the doors are operating.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Oil radiator flap control switch Coolant radiator flap control switch Prime and start – having completed this left to right check, you’re now ready to start the engine in accordance with the procedure provided below. Prior to doing so, the following items need to be checked, depending on the mission: o Before any flight, check the landing gear warning lights by pushing on the lamp housings. o If you expect to use oxygen, check the gauge for a pressure of 400 PSI.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS As the engine starts, move the mixture control to RUN (AUTO RICH on earlier aircraft). If the engine fails to take hold after several revolutions, give it one second’s more prime. Mixture set to RUN If the engine cuts out after starting, return the mixture control immediately to IDLE CUTOFF. Check that oil pressure reaches at least 50 PSI within 30 seconds. If it doesn’t, stop the engine.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Suction gauge RPM gauge Oil temp. gauge Oil pressure gauge If for any reason you anticipate pulling more than 40” of manifold during the engine ground run, be sure that the airplane is anchored. Stopping the Engine To stop the engine, follow the procedure below: Set the propeller control full forward. This makes the engine easier to start next time. Idle at 1500 RPM. Fuel booster - OFF.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS If the parking brakes are to be used, give them plenty of time to cool or they may freeze in place. Avoid using the parking brakes unless dictated by conditions or tying the aircraft down overnight. Consult the table below for a chart of manifold pressure and engine RPM limits for flight, as well as engine instrument limits. Table of Manifold Pressure and RPM Limits for Flight Takeoff Maximum War Emergency Military Power Maximum Continuous Maximum Cruise Manifold Pressure (in.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] o Instruments and switches: o Altimeter set. o Directional gyro set. o Flight indicator set. o All instrument readings in desired ranges. o All switches and controls at desired positions. Fuel system: o Check fuel tank selector handle on MAIN TANK L.H. Be sure selector is in detent. o Fuel booster pump switch set to ON. o Primer switch set to OFF. Flaps: o Check surface controls for free movement.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Acceleration and deceleration check - with mixture set to RUN, advance throttle from idle to 2300 RPM. Engine should accelerate and decelerate smoothly with no tendency to backfire. Carburetor ram-air control lever set to RAM AIR (UNRAMMED FILTERED AIR or carburetor HOT AIR control lever set to HOT AIR only if required). Mixture control set to RUN. Supercharger control switch set to AUTO. Oil and coolant radiator air control switches set to AUTOMATIC.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Minimum-Run Takeoff To accomplish a minimum-run takeoff, lower flaps 15 - 20°. Keep the aircraft in a three-point attitude and allow it to fly itself off the ground in this position. As soon as airborne, allow airspeed to build up and climb out when speed exceeds 100 mph. Retract landing gear when airspeed reaches a safe value. Raise flaps above 200 feet altitude.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Landing Descent Before descent, turn the windshield defroster control knob ON. Descent may be carried out at any safe speed down to the recommended margin of about 25 percent above stalling speed. With the landing gear and flaps up, the glide is fairly flat with the nose very high. Forward visibility is poor in this condition, and in traffic areas, a series of "S" turns should be employed to prevent a possible collision.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] When lowering the landing gear, make sure the control handle is DOWN and locked. Check the landing gear indicator lights. Be sure the hydraulic pressure returns to 100 PSI. Be prepared for the aircraft to feel nose-heavy when the gear is down. Adjust the pitch trim to compensate. Maintain approximately 150 IAS in the traffic pattern. Lower the flaps when turning on final approach and the airspeed is below 165 IAS.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS After Landing After landing, clear the runway as soon as possible and perform the following steps: Set throttle at 1000 RPM. Open canopy. Set oil coolant and radiator air control switches to OPEN. Release switches to OFF when flaps are fully open. Raise wing flaps completely. Set trim tabs to neutral. Set propeller control to full INCREASE. Set fuel booster pump to OFF.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Wet Landings Wet landing requite special attention in using the brakes. Avoid jamming the brakes, which could result in skidding out of control. If visibility out of the front wind shield is poor, use the front panels on each side of the windshield. Landing Go-Around Don’t hesitate to go around if there is any possibility of a problem occurring while landing.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS EMERGENCY PROCEDURES EAGLE DYNAMICS 135
DCS [P-51D Mustang] EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Engine Emergencies Engine Overheating Engine overheating can be recognized by one or more of the following effects: coolant relief valve pop-off, maximum coolant temperature being exceeded, or white smoke coming from the exhaust stacks. An engine overheating in flight is likely caused by one of the following: You have been climbing at high power and below recommended airspeed. In other words, the air blast in the air scoop is insufficient.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Engine Air Restart If the engine fails in flight and you have sufficient altitude, you may attempt a restart, provided the engine did not fail for obvious mechanical reasons. Unless the engine seizes or internal structural failure occurs, the propeller will windmill even at minimum glide speed. Should airspeed inadvertently drop to a value where the propeller ceases to rotate, the aircraft should be nosed down to regain additional speed.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Secure the shoulder harness. Land straight ahead. After landing, get out and stay out. Engine Failure in Flight If the engine begins to fail during flight, immediately move the mixture control to FULL RICH (or EMERGENCY RICH). If the engine fails during flight, the aircraft may be abandoned, ditched, or brought in for a dead-stick landing. To land with the engine dead, follow these steps: Lower the nose immediately so that airspeed does not drop below stall speed.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Fire In the event of a fire, keep the canopy entirely closed. Opening the canopy will result in it quickly filling with smoke. Similarly, do not lower the landing gear as this may also blast the fire into the cockpit. If an engine fire develops, attempt to control the fire by performing the following steps: Mixture control to IDLE CUTOFF. Fuel shutoff lever to OFF. Throttle CLOSED. Ignition switch to OFF.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Maintain a speed of about 120-130 mph until contact is achieved. Approach in a 3-point attitude to slow the aircraft. Cut the switches just before impact. As soon as the aircraft stops, get out and move to a safe distance as quickly as possible. Unless assistance is available nearby, stay close to the aircraft to assist a searching party in locating your position. Consider using oil or gasoline to start a signal fire if conditions allow.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Pull the red emergency knob. This releases the hydraulic pressure in the lines and allows the gear to drop of its own weight. It’s possible that the gear may not fall with sufficient force to lock itself in place. To avoid this problem, rock the aircraft side to side while continuing to pull the red emergency handle until the gear catches in the locked position. Figure 92: Rock It To Lock It The tail wheel usually locks without any difficulty.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Whenever the generators are shut off, the radio must be used sparingly as it quickly drains the battery. If the ammeter shows that the battery is undercharging, check the generator disconnect switch to make sure that it hasn’t been turned OFF accidentally. If the generator switch is still set to ON and the battery is not charging properly, use your radio only when necessary. Make the best use of whatever battery power remains.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Keep the wheels up, and use flaps in proportion to available power in order to obtain minimum forward speed with minimum rate of descent. Approach in a 3-point attitude, and observe the following procedure: Lower the seat, duck your head, and jettison the canopy. Jettison tanks or bombs, if equipped. Unfasten the parachute harness. Make sure that your shoulder harness and safety belt are locked and tight. Maintain an airspeed of 120 mph.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Bailout at High Altitude If a problem occurs at high altitude, attempt to reduce altitude before bailing out. If reducing altitude is not possible, open the emergency knob on the oxygen regulator and fill your lungs with oxygen by taking several full breaths. Hold your breath as long as possible during free fall to reduce problems associated with cold rarified air at high altitudes.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS COMBAT EMPLOYMENT EAGLE DYNAMICS 145
DCS [P-51D Mustang] COMBAT EMPLOYMENT In this section, we will overview weapons employment procedures for the P-51D. Guns Aiming with the K-14 Gunsight The K-14 gunsight contains two aiming sights: the compensating (gyro) sight and the fixed sight. In the fixed sight, a crosshair represents the aiming pipper. The two sights can be used simultaneously or selectively.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 94: Throttle Control handle with twist grip When the twist grip is positioned to full counter-clockwise, the indicator points to 2400 feet on the dial. As the grip is turned, the range dial indicator moves to show the set target range. As the aircraft is maneuvered to place and keep the dot on the enemy, the twist grip is turned to continually adjust the size of the reticle of diamonds, so that the target is surrounded by the inner points of the diamonds.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] inside the diamond circle. This procedure reduces over-ranging, prevents over-correction, and most quickly achieves a firing solution. When the target aircraft is at right angles - a 90° deflection shot - the wings cannot be used to set the sight frame, even if the target is banking. On most aircraft, the distance from the cockpit to the extreme end of the tail is approximately half of the wingspan.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 97: Target's wings and fuselage are at 45° When the separation of the fixed cross and the dot shows that a long lead, around 85 to 100 mils, is being allowed, any small ranging error is magnified by distance and makes long range firing unprofitable. When only a short lead is indicated, small ranging errors are unimportant. Fire is effective at maximum range. When closing in on a target at ranges of less than 600 feet, the diamonds can be ignored altogether.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Correct – Circle of diamonds corresponds to target's wing span. Incorrect – Circle of diamonds is too large, making range and lead angle wrong. Correct – On broadside attacks the circle should be a trifle larger than length of fuselage, as wing span is greater than length.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Firing Guns with the K-14 Gunsight Normal flight operation of the sight is accomplished as follows: Gun Safety switch set to GUN or GUN and CAMERA. Identify target; then set span adjustment lever to correspond with span of target aircraft. Fly the aircraft so that the target appears within the gyro reticle circle and rotate the throttle twist grip until the diameter of the gyro reticle circle corresponds to the target size.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Firing Rockets To fire rockets, perform the following steps: Turn the Rocket Counter dial to 1. Set the Bomb-Rocket Selector switch to ROCKETS. To nose-arm the rockets for delay upon impact, set the delay switch to DELAY. To fire rockets singly, set the Rocket Release Control switch to SINGLE and press the BombRocket Release button on the control stick once for each rocket.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS RADIO COMMUNICATIONS EAGLE DYNAMICS 153
DCS [P-51D Mustang] RADIO COMMUNICATIONS There are two optional modes of using the radio that depend on the "EASY COMMUNICATION" OPTION under the GAMEPLAY tab. The radio communications window is accessed by separate keys depend of difficulty radio settings. Upon doing so, the list of radio command recipients is displayed along with the function (Fx) key required to view its sub-command window.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Radio Communications Window Top Level Recipient List: If using "Easy Communications", recipients not present in the mission will not be listed. F1. Wingman... F2. Flight... F3. Second Element... F4. JTAC… F5. ATCs... F7. AWACSes… F8. Ground Crew... F10. Other... F12. Exit Hot keys will also be available to directly issue any command in the structure. These can be found in Input Options. To exit radio communications, you can also press the ESC key.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] F2 Return to base. Your wingman will return to and land at the airbase designated in the flight plan. F4 Fly to My steerpoint. Your wingman will fly to your steerpoint and orbit there until you tell him or her to do otherwise. F11 Previous Menu F12 Exit F2 Engage... The Engage options allow you to direct your wingman to attack a specific type of target. After issuing the order, the wingman will attempt to locate the specified target type and attack it. F1 Engage Ground Target.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Target Type. These options mirror those of the F2 Engage orders and allow you to determine the type of ground target you want your wingman to engage. F1 Engage Ground Target. Wingman will attack any enemy ground unit it can locate. F2 Engage Armor. Wingman will attack any tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, and armored personnel carriers it can locate. F3 Engage Artillery. Wingman will attack any tube artillery or multiple rocket launchers that it can locate. F4 Engage Air Defenses.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] F2 Break Left. This command will order your wingman to make a maximum-G break to the left. F3 Break High. This command will order your wingman to make a maximum-G break high. F4 Break Low. This command will order your wingman to make a maximum-G break low. F7 Clear Right. Your wingman will perform a 360-degree turn to the right of the current flight path while searching for targets. F8 Clear Left.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS F12 Exit These commands mirror those of the Wingman Navigation commands but apply to all flight members. F2 Engage... The Engage options allow you to direct your flight to attack a specific type of target. After issuing the order, the flight will attempt to locate the specified target type and attack it.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] F11 Previous Menu F12 Exit These commands mirror those of the Wingman Maneuvers commands but apply to all flight members. F5 Formation From the Formation menu, you can select the formation that the flight will fly in relation to you as the flight leader.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 98: F1 Go Line Abreast EAGLE DYNAMICS 161
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Figure 99: F2 Go Trail Position may be modified within a 4000-12,000' envelope by flight lead.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 100: F3 Go Wedge EAGLE DYNAMICS 163
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Figure 101: F4 Go Echelon Right Figure 102: F5 Go Echelon Left 164 RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Figure 103: F6 Go Finger Four Position may be modified within a 4000-12,000' envelope by flight lead. Figure 104: F7 Go Spread Four Position may be modified within a 4000-12,000' envelope by flight lead. F8. Float Formation. Increase the distance between each aircraft in the current formation. F9. Tighten Formation. Decrease the distance between each aircraft in the current formation.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] issuing a command to Second Element, number 3 and 4 carry out the order jointly. These commands are: F1 Navigation... F2 Engage... F3 Engage with... F4 Maneuvers... F5 Rejoin Formation F6 Out F11 Previous Menu F12 Exit F1 Navigation... The Navigation options allow you to direct your second element where to fly to.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS F11 Previous Menu F12 Exit These commands mirror those of the Wingman Maneuvers commands but apply to the second element. F3 Engage with... These commands mirror those of the Wingman Maneuvers commands but apply to the second element. F4 Maneuvers... Although your second element will generally do a good job of knowing when and how to maneuver, there may be times when you want to give him/her a very specific maneuvering order.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] (Flight member number) unable. When a flight member cannot carry out the order, it will respond with its flight number following by "unable". For example: “2, unable” F4 JTAC Depending on the battlefield situation, the level of JTAC control of the attack may vary. There are three types of terminal attack control: Type 1: JTACs use Type 1 control when the risk assessment requires them to visually acquire the attacking aircraft and the target under attack.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS The JTAC will now read the 9-line as follows: The Initial Point (IP) that the attack should be started from.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Once heading toward the target, press \ and then F1 "In" to indicate that you've started your attack run. If all looks good to the JTAC, he will clear you in hot. If not, he will abort the attack. Once you have released your weapon, press \ and then F1 "Off". Depending on the results of your attack, you will either be cleared to re-attack or cleared to depart. If cleared to re-attack, you need to start the process again from the IP Inbound stage of the attack.
[P-51D Mustang] DCS F5 ATC The Air Traffic Control (ATC) system of this simulation is context sensitive to the location of your aircraft: on the parking ramp or runway/airborne. ATC VHF FM Contact Frequencies: Anapa-Vityazevo: 121.0 MHz Batumi: 131.0 MHz Gelendzhik: 126.0 MHz Gudauta: 130.0 MHz Kobuleti: 133.0 MHz Kopitnari: 134.0 MHz Krasnodar Center: 122.0 MHz Krasnodar-Pashkovsky: 128.0 MHz Krymsk: 124.0 MHz Maykop-Khanskaya: 125.0 MHz Mineralnye Vody: 135.0 MHz Mozdok: 137.0 MHz Nalchik: 136.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] With the radio now operating, press \ to bring up the radio menu and then press F1 "Request Engine Start" if using the Easy Communication option. If not using Easy Communications, press forward on the Mic switch (activate VHF AM radio), and select "Request Engine Start". If you have wingmen, they will also now start their engine. After the aircraft has been started and configured, select F1 "Request taxi to runway".
[P-51D Mustang] DCS F6 Ground Crew After landing at a friendly airfield and taxiing to a parking ramp, you can communicate with the ground crew for re-arming and re-fueling. Prior to communications though, you will need to rotate the INT (intercom) dial clockwise on the Intercom Control Panel to enable communications with the ground crew. You will also need to press the HM (hot mic) button on the panel to initiate communications with the ground crew.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] SUPPLEMENTS 174 RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
[P-51D Mustang] DCS SUPPLEMENTS Airdromes Data Airdrome Runway UG23 Gudauta - Bambora (Abkhazia) 15-33, 2500m 130.0 UG24 Tbilisi - Soganlug (Georgia) 14-32, 2400m 139.0 UG27 Vaziani (Georgia) 14-32, 2500m 22X (VAS) 108.75 140.0 UG5X Kobuleti (Georgia) 07-25, 2400m 67X (KBL) 07 ILS - 111.5 133.0 UGKO Kutaisi - Kopitnari (Georgia) 08-26, 2500m 44X (KTS) 08 ILS - 109.75 134.0 UGKS Senaki - Kolkhi (Georgia) 09-27, 2400m 31X (TSK) 09 ILS - 108.9 132.
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Morse Code Alphabet Morse code 176 Alphabet Russian Latin Аа Аа Бб Bb Вв Ww Гг Gg Дд Dd Ее Ee Жж Vv Зз Zz Ии Ii Кк Kk Лл Ll Мм Mm Нн Nn Оо Oo Пп Pp Рр Rr Сс Ss Тт Tt Уу Uu Фф Ff Хх Hh Цц Cc Чч Oo Шш Ch ch Щщ Qq SUPPLEMENTS
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Ыы Yy Юю Uu Яя Aa Йй Jj Ьь Xx Ээ Ee Morse code Digits full 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Morse code Digits brief 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 EAGLE DYNAMICS 177
DCS [P-51D Mustang] 178 9 0 Morse code Punctuation marks Period Semicolon Colon Point Question mark Quotes Comma Left brackets Right brackets SUPPLEMENTS
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Developers Eagle Dynamics Management Nick Grey Project Director, Director of The Fighter Collection Igor Tishin Project Development Dynamics, Russia Andrey Chizh Assistant Development documentation Alexander Babichev Project manager Matt “Wags” Wagner Producer, game and technical documentation, game design Jim “JimMack” MacKonochie Producer Eugene "EvilBivol-1" Bivol Associate Producer Matthias "Groove" Techmanski Producer Germany Manager, & QA Director Manager, of E
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Konstantin Stepanovich AI AC, radio, mission editor Oleg "Olgerd" Tischenko Avionics Vladimir Feofanov AI AC flight dynamics Konstantin Tarakanov GUI, mission editor Sergey "Klen" Chernov Weapons, Sensors Alexey "Fisben" Shukailo Avionics Kirill Kosarev AI ground units, installer, mission generator Alexander "SFINX" Kurbatov AI vehicles, ships Eugene Gribovich Avionics Dmitri Robustov Terrain Denis Tatarnicev Terrain Alexey Petruchik Terrain Dmitri Kaplin Terrain
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Pavel Jankowski Buildings Andrey "LISA" Reshetko Characters Quality Assurance Valery "USSR_Rik" Khomenok Lead Tester Ivan "Frogfoot" Makarov Testing Sergey "Foreman" Gusakov Testing Michael "Yurcha" Urevich Testing Andrey "Andrey Andreevich" Kryutchenko Localization Science Support Dmitry “Yo-Yo” Moskalenko Mathematical models of dynamics, systems, ballistics Alexander "PilotMi8" Podvoisky Mission Editor Documentation IT and Customer Support Alexander "Tez" Sobol Custo
DCS [P-51D Mustang] Third Parties Zachary "luckybob9" Sesar - 3D models of watchtower, corrected model of the power lines pylon Tester staff Gavin "159th_Viper" Torr Nikolay "Agm" Borisov Darrell "AlphaOneSix" Swoap Pascal "Cougar" Bidegare Carlos "Design" Pastor Mendez Guillaume "Dimebug" Leleve Valery "=FV=BlackDragon" Manasyan James "Eddie" Knight Kiko "Mistral" Becerra Daniel "EtherealN" Agorander Frank "Feuerfalke" Bender George "GGTharos" Lianeris Matthias "Groove" Techmanski Dmitry "Laivynas" Koshe
[P-51D Mustang] DCS Special thanks Sergey Archakov for photos of P-51 Stephen "Nate IRL" Barrett for a big testing contribution EAGLE DYNAMICS 183
