XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem Product Manual v4.2B5 For XStream RF Modem Part Numbers: X09-001PK…-R… X09-009PK…-R… X09-019PK…-R… X24-009PK…-R... X24-019PK…-R… 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz Boxed RF Modems by Digi International Inc. XH9-001PK…-R...
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 XStream-PKG-R RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 (Part number 90002210 B) Revision B Date Description 10/15//14 Minor changes and new part number © 2014 Digi International Inc. All rights reserved. Digi, Digi International Inc., the Digi logo, and XStream® are trademarks or registered trademarks in the United States and other countries worldwide.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Contents 1. XStream RS-232/485 RF Modem 1.1. Features 4 Appendix C: Additional Information 43 4 1-Year Warranty 43 4 Ordering Information 43 1.2. Specifications 5 Contact Digi 44 1.3. External Interface 6 2. Interfacing Protocol 7 1.1.1. Worldwide Acceptance 2.1. RS-232 Operation 2.1.1. DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals 2.2. RS-485 (2-wire) Operation 2.2.1. DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals 7 7 9 9 2.3.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 1. XStream RS-232/485 RF Modem The XStream-PKG-R RF Modem provides long range data communications and advanced networking for OEMs and system integrators. Out-of-box, the modem is equipped to sustain long range wireless links between devices. Simply enter serial data into one modem and the data surfaces on the other end of the wireless link. The modem transfers a standard asynchronous serial data stream between two or more modems.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 1.2. Specifications Table 1.1. XStream-PKG-R RS-232/485 RF Modem Specifications Specification 9XStream-PKG-R (900 MHz) 24XStream-PKG-R (2.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 1.3. External Interface 1.1a. Power Switch Figure 1.1. Front View Move the Power Switch to the on (up) position to power the Interface Board. DIP Switch (1.2a) settings are only read during a power-up sequence. 1.1b. I/O and Power LEDs The LED indicators visualize diagnostic status information. The modem’s status is represented as follows: Yellow (top LED) = Serial Data Out (to host) 1.1a.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 2. Interfacing Protocol The XStream-PKG-R RF Modem supports the following interfacing protocols: • RS-232 • RS-485 (2-wire) Half-Duplex • RS-485 (4-wire) and RS-422 2.1. RS-232 Operation 2.1.1. DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals Figure 2.1. RS-232 DIP Switch Settings Figure 2.2. Pins used on the female RS-232 (DB-9) Serial Connector DIP Switch settings are read and applied only while powering-on. Table 2.1.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Wiring Diagram: RS-232 DTE Device to a DCE RF Modem Figure 2.3. RS-232 DTE (male connector) device wired to an XStream RF Modem (female connector) Wiring Diagram: DCE RF Modem to an RS-232 DCE Device Figure 2.4. XStream RF Modem (female connector) wired to an RS-232 DTE (male connector) device Sample Wireless Connection: DTE DCE DCE DCE Figure 2.5. Typical wireless link between DTE and DCE devices © 2014 Digi International Inc.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 2.2. RS-485 (2-wire) Operation 2.2.1. DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals Figure 2.6. RS-485 (2-wire) Half-Duplex DIP Switch Settings Figure 2.7. Pins used on the female RS-232 (DB-9) Serial Connector Figure 2.8. RS-485 (2-wire) with Termination (optional) Termination is the 120 Ω resistor between T+ and T-. DIP Switch settings are read and applied only while powering-on. Note: Refer to Figures 2.15 and 2.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 2.3. RS-485 (4-wire) and RS-422 Operation 2.3.1. DIP Switch Settings and Pin Signals Figure 2.10. RS-485 (4-wire) and RS-422 DIP Switch Settings Figure 2.11. Pins used on the female RS-232 (DB-9) Serial Connector Figure 2.12. RS-485 (4-wire) and RS-422 with Termination (optional) Termination is the 120 Ω resistor between T+ and T-. DIP Switch settings are read and applied only while powering-on. Table 2.3.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Wiring Diagram: RS-422 Figure 2.14. XStream RF Modem in an RS-485 (4-wire) environment RS-485/422 Connection Guidelines The RS-485/422 protocol provides a solution for wired communications that can tolerate high noise and push signals over long cable lengths. RS-485/422 signals can communicate as far as 4000 feet (1200 m). RS-232 signals are suitable for cable distances up to 100 feet (30.5 m).
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 3. RF Modem Operation 3.1. Serial Communications 3.1.1. RS-232 and RS-485/422 Data Flow Devices that have a UART interface can connect directly through the pins of the XStream Modem as is shown in the figure below. Figure 3.1. System Data Flow Diagram in a UART-interfaced environment (Low-asserted signals distinguished with horizontal line over signal name.) 3.1.2.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 3.1.3. Flow Control Figure 3.2. Internal Data Flow Diagram (The five most commonly-used pin signals are shown.) DI (Data In) Buffer and Flow Control When serial data enters the XStream Modem through the DI Pin, then the data is stored in the DI Buffer until it can be transmitted.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 3.2. Modes of Operation XStream RF Modems operate in five modes. Figure 3.3. XStream Modes of Operation Modem can only be in one mode at a time. 3.2.1. Idle Mode When not receiving or transmitting data, the modem is in Idle Mode. The modem uses the same amount of power in Idle Mode as it does in Receive Mode.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 RF Packet The RF packet is the sequence of data used for communicating information between Digi Modems. An RF Packet consists of an RF Initializer and RF Data. Figure 3.5. RF Packet Components * When streaming multiple RF packets, the RF Initializer is only sent in front of the first packet. RF Initializer An RF initializer is sent each time a new connection sequence begins.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 3.2.3. Receive Mode If a modem detects RF data while operating in Idle Mode, the modem transitions into Receive Mode to start receiving RF packets. Figure 3.7. Reception of RF Data After a packet is received, the modem checks the CRC (cyclic redundancy check) to ensure that the data was transmitted without error. If the CRC data bits on the incoming packet are invalid, the packet is discarded.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Pin Sleep (SM = 1) Pin Sleep requires the least amount of power. In order to achieve this state, DI3 (SLEEP) pin must be asserted (high). The modem remains in Pin Sleep until the DI3 pin is de-asserted. After enabling Pin Sleep, the SLEEP pin controls whether the XStream Modem is active or in Sleep Mode. When DI3 is de-asserted (low), the modem is fully operational.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Cyclic Scanning. Each RF transmission consists of an RF Initializer and payload. The wake-up initializer contains initialization information and all receiving modems must wake during the wake-up initializer portion of data transmission in order to be synchronized with the transmitting modem and receive the data. Figure 3.8. Correct Configuration (LH > SM) Length of the wake-up initializer exceeds the time interval of Cyclic Sleep.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 3.2.5. Command Mode To modify or read modem parameters, the modem must first enter into Command Mode, the state in which incoming characters are interpreted as commands. Two command types are available for programming the modem: • AT Commands • Binary Commands For modified parameter values to persist in the modem registry, changes must be saved to nonvolatile memory using WR (Write) Command.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Binary Commands Sending and receiving parameter values using binary commands is the fastest way to change operating parameters of the XStream RF Modem. Binary commands are used most often to sample signal strength (RS parameter) and/or error counts; or change modem addresses and channels for polling data systems.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 4. RF Modem Configuration 4.1. Automatic DIP Switch Configurations Each time the RF Modem is powered-on, intelligence on the XIB-R Interface Board (RS-232/485 interfacing board located inside the RF Modem) sends AT Commands that program the RF Modem based on positions of the DIP Switch. Automatic configurations that take place during the poweron sequence affect stored RF Modem parameter values as shown in the tables below. Figure 4.1.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 4.2. Programming the Modem For information about entering and exiting AT and Binary Command Modes, refer to the Command Mode section (p19). 4.2.1. AT Command Examples Digi has provided XCTU software for programming the modem using an extensive list of AT Commands.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 EXAMPLE: Restore RF Modem Defaults using the Terminal tab The following steps show how to read currently stored modem parameter values; then restore the modem parameters to their factory-default states.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 4.3. Command Reference Table Table 4.1 XStream Commands (The XStream RF Modem expects numerical values in hexadecimal. “d” denotes decimal equivalent.) AT Command Binary Command AT Command Name Range Command Category # Bytes Returned Factory Default AT 0x05 (5d) Guard Time After 0x02 – 0xFFFF (x 100 msec) Command Mode Options 2 0x0A (10d) Serial Interfacing 2 Set to equal factory-set RF data rate BD v4.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 4.4. Command Descriptions Commands in this section are listed alphabetically. Command categories are designated between the “< >” symbols that follow each command title. XStream Modems expect numerical values in hexadecimal and those values are designated by a “0x” prefix. AT (Guard Time After) Command AT Command is used to set the time-of-silence that follows the command sequence character (CC Command).
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 BT (Guard Time Before) Command BT Command is used to set the DI pin silence time that must precede the command sequence character (CC Command) of the AT Command Mode Sequence. Refer to the AT Commands section (p19) to view the default AT Command Mode sequence.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 CT (Command Mode Timeout) Command CT Command sets the amount of time before AT Command Mode terminates automatically. After a CT time of inactivity, the modem exits AT Command Mode and returns to Idle Mode. AT Command Mode can also be exited manually using CN (Exit AT Command Mode) Command.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 FL (Software Flow Control) Command FL Command is used to configure software flow control. Hardware flow control is implemented with the XStream Modem as the DO2 pin ( ), which regulates when serial data can be transferred to the modem. FL Command can be used to allow software flow control to also be enabled. XON character used is 0x11 (17 decimal). XOFF character used is 0x13 (19 decimal).
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 HT (Time before Wake-up Initializer) Command < If any modems within AT Command: ATHT range are running in a “Cyclic Sleep” setting, a Binary Command: 0x03 (3 decimal) wake-up initializer must be used by the Parameter Range: 0 – 0xFFFF transmitting modem for sleeping modems to (x 100 milliseconds) remain awake (refer to the LH (“Wake-up Default Parameter Value: 0xFFFF (means that Initializer Timer”) Command).
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 MK (Address Mask) Command MK Command is used to set/read the Address Mask. AT Command: ATMK Binary Command: 0x12 (18 decimal) All data packets contain the Destination Address Parameter Range: 0 – 0xFFFF of the transmitting modem.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 PW (Pin Wake-up) Command Under normal operation, a modem in Cyclic Sleep Mode cycles from an active state to a low-power state at regular intervals until data is ready to be received. If the PW Parameter is set to 1, the SLEEP/DI3 Pin can be used to awaken the modem from Cyclic Sleep. If the SLEEP Pin is de-asserted (low), the modem will be fully operational and will not go into Cyclic Sleep.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 RP (RSSI PWM Timer) Command RP Command is used to enable a PWM (“Pulse Width Modulation”) output on the Config pin which is calibrated to show the level the received RF signal is above the sensitivity level of the modem. The PWM pulses vary from zero to 95 percent. Zero percent means the received RF signal is at or below the published sensitivity level of the modem. The following table shows levels above sensitivity and PWM values.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 RT (DI2 Configuration) Command RT command is used to dictate the behavior of the DI2/ /CMD line. RT Command must be issued to enable flow control or binary programming.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 SM (Sleep Mode) Command SM Command is used to adjust Sleep Mode settings. By default, Sleep Mode is disabled and the modem remains continually active. SM Command allows the modem to run in a lower-power state and be configured in one of eight settings. Cyclic Sleep settings wake the modem after the amount of time designated by SM Command.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 SY Command allows the modems to remove this information from the RF Initializer after the initial synchronization. For example, changing the SY Parameter to 0x14 (20 decimal) allows all modems to remain in sync for 2 seconds after the last data packet was received. Synchronization information is not re-sent unless transmission stops for more than 2 seconds. This command allows significant savings in packet transmission time.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Appendix A: Agency Certifications FCC Certification The XStream RF Modem complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules and regulations. Compliance with the labeling requirements, FCC notices and antenna usage guidelines is required. To fulfill the FCC Certification requirements, the OEM must comply with the following FCC regulations: 1.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 OEM Labeling Requirements Label Warning WARNING The Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that FCC labeling requirements are met. This includes a clearly visible label on the outside of the final product enclosure that displays the contents shown in the figure below. Figure A.1.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 FCC-Approved Antennas Table A.1. Antennas approved for use with 9XStream (900 MHz) RF Modems. Manufacturer Part Number Type Gain Application Min. Separation Distance * * Digi * * Digi Digi Digi Digi * * Digi Digi Digi Digi * * A09-Y8 * * A09-Y11 (FCC pending) A09-F2 A09-F5 A09-F8 * * A09-M7 A09-H A09-HBMM-P5I A09-QBMM-P5I 6.2 dBi 7.2 dBi 8.2 dBi 9.2 dBi 10.2 dBi 11.2 dBi 2.2 dBi 5.2 dBi 8.2 dBi 9.2 dBi 7.2 dBi 7.2 dBi 2.1 dBi 2.1 dBi 1.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 IC (Industry Canada) Certification Labeling requirements for Industry Canada are similar to those of the FCC. A clearly visible label on the outside of the final product enclosure must display the following text: Contains Model 9XStream Radio (900 MHz), IC: 4214A-9XSTREAM Contains Model 24XStream Radio (2.4 GHz), IC: 4214A 12008 Integrator is responsible for its product to comply with IC ICES-003 and FCC Part 15, Sub. B Unintentional Radiators.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Appendix B: Development Guide RS-232 Accessories Kit Contents The accessories listed below are included with XStream RF Modems that carry the “-RA” suffix on the product number. For example: Part number “X09-019PKC-RA” includes the listed accessories and part number “X09-019PKC-R” does not. The accessories kit includes hardware and software needed for developing long range wireless links.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Antennas (Refer to Appendix A for a list of FCC-Approved Antennas) Factors that determine wireless link range: • Ambient RF noise (interference) • Line-of-sight obstructions • Transmit power • Receive sensitivity • Antenna configuration • XStream Antenna Connector Options To comply with the FCC rules and obtain a “modular” certification, it is required that XStream Modems utilize a “non-standard” connector.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Appendix C: Additional Information 1-Year Warranty XStream RF Modems from Digi International Inc. (the "Product") are warranted against defects in materials and workmanship under normal use, for a period of 1-year from the date of purchase. In the event of a product failure due to materials or workmanship, Digi will repair or replace the defective product.
XStream-PKG-R™ RS-232/485 RF Modem – Product Manual v4.2B5 Contact Digi If you need assistance, contact technical support: Documentation: www.digi.com/support/ Technical Support: Phone Online © 2014 Digi International Inc. (866) 765-9885 toll-free U.S. and Canada (801) 765-9885 Worldwide 8:00 am – 5:00 pm (U.S. Central Time) www.digi.
