User manual

Measurements
R&S
®
RTO
133User Manual 1316.0827.02 ─ 06
Table 5-1: Voltage measurements
Meas. type Symbol Description/Result
High X
High
High signal level
Low X
Low
Low signal level
Amplitude X
Ampl
Amplitude of the signal: the difference of high and low signal lev-
els.
X
Ampl
= X
High
- X
Low
Max X
Max
Absolute maximum value of the waveform
Min X
Min
Absolute minimum value of the waveform
Peak to peak X
PkPk
Peak-to-peak value of the waveform: the difference of maximum
and minimum values.
X
Ampl
= X
Max
- X
Min
Mean X
Mean
Arithmetic average of the waveform voltage values



Eval
N
i
Eval
Mean
ix
N
X
1
)(
1
RMS X
RMS
RMS (Root Mean Square, quadratic mean) of the waveform volt-
age values



Eval
N
i
Eval
RMS
ix
N
X
1
2
)(
1
σ
σ (S-dev) σ
X
Standard deviation of the waveform samples
 





Eval
N
i
Mean
Eval
X
Xix
N
1
2
)(
1
1

Pos. overshoot R
Pos
Positive overshoot of a square wave, calculated from measure-
ment values High, Max, and Amplitude
%100


Ampl
HighMax
Pos
X
XX
R
Neg. overshoot R
Neg
Negative overshoot of a square wave, calculated from measure-
ment values Min, Low, and Amplitude
%100


Ampl
MinLow
Neg
X
XX
R
Automatic Measurements