MOTION DETECTOR KIT MODEL AK-510 Assembly and Instruction Manual
PARTS LIST RESISTORS QTY 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 SYMBOL R16 R15 R5 R1, 2, 8, 9 R3 R14 R11, R12 R10 R6 R7 R4 R13 DESCRIPTION 300Ω 5% 1/4W 5.6kΩ 5% 1/4W 39kΩ 5% 1/4W 47kΩ 5% 1/4W 75kΩ 5% 1/4W 270kΩ 5% 1/4W 300kΩ 5% 1/4W 510kΩ 5% 1/4W 620kΩ 5% 1/4W 1.2MΩ 5% 1/4W 1.6MΩ 5% 1/4W 1.8MΩ 5% 1/4W QTY 1 1 2 2 2 SYMBOL C8 C9 C2, C3 C4, C5 C1, C6 VALUE 500pF (501) .
IDENTIFYING RESISTOR VALUES Use the following information as a guide in properly identifying the value of resistors. BANDS 2 1 Multiplier Tolerance IDENTIFYING CAPACITOR VALUES Capacitors will be identified by their capacitance value in pF (picofarads) or µF (microfarads). Most capacitors will have their actual value printed on them. Some capacitors may have their value printed in the following manner. The maximum operating voltage may also be printed on the capacitor. Multiplier For the No.
CONSTRUCTION Introduction The most important factor in assembling your AK-510 Motion Detector Kit is good soldering techniques. Using the proper soldering iron is of prime importance. A small pencil type soldering iron of 25 - 40 watts is recommended. The tip of the iron must be kept clean at all times and well tinned. Safety Procedures • Wear eye protection when soldering. • Locate soldering iron in an area where you do not have to go around it or reach over it. • Do not hold solder in your mouth.
INTRODUCTION The AK-510 is an infrared motion detector kit. The objective of the kit is to teach the operations of the four sections that make up the kit. The four sections are shown in the block diagram below. POWER SUPPLY OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS FILTERS INFRARED DETECTOR TONE GENERATOR There are many applications for the use of the detector. The most common is in the alarm system industry.
INFRARED DETECTOR Figure 2 Infrared light was first discovered back in 1801 by W. Herschel. Infrared is a form of radiated energy in which the wavelength is longer than the wavelength of visible light. A wavelength can best be understood by the physical analogy shown in Figure 2. If you were standing at the beach watching the waves come in to shore, you would be able to see the peaks of each wave as they approached.
of the FET. This causes a change in current from the drain to source. Very little power is required at the gate to control the larger current flow from source to drain. The benefits of this type of detector are low radio interference, low noise, specially suited response. The IR detector is sealed in a metal housing to prevent electromagnetic interference and to keep them clean. FIELD OF VIEW Detectors are available with different fields of view, depending on the application.
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK The open loop gain (or maximum gain) of a typical op-amp is very high (usually greater than 100,000), enabling a very small input voltage to drive the op-amp output to it’s extremes. To prevent this, a resistor is connected between the output and inverting input terminals allowing a portion of the output signal to be brought back and cancel part of the input (Figure 8). This process is called Negative Feedback.
BAND PASS FILTER The combination of a low and high pass filter create what is called a Band Pass Filter. The frequencies passed by each filter overlap and create a bandwidth (range), passing all signals within the bandwidth and reducing all others. Figure 13 illustrates the general band-pass response curve. A critical frequency is defined as the point where the voltage is reduced to .707 (the square root of ½ is used because it represents the point where power has been reduced to ½).
ASSEMBLE COMPONENTS TO THE PC BOARD R2 - 47kΩ 5% 1/4W Resistor (yellow-violet-orange-gold) C2 - 10µF 25V Electrolytic (see Figure D) C4 - 22µF 25V Electrolytic (see Figure D) R5 - 39kΩ 5% 1/4W Resistor (orange-white-orange-gold) R3 - 75kΩ 5% 1/4W Resistor (violet-green-orange-gold) C8 - 500pF (501) Discap D1 - 1N4148 Diode (see Figure A) R4 - 1.
ASSEMBLE COMPONENTS (CONTINUED) Jumper Wire (see Figure E) C1 - 100µF 16V Electrolytic (see Figure D) R1 - 47kΩ 5% 1/4W Resistor (yellow-violet-orange-gold) C3 - 10µF 25V Electrolytic (see Figure D) R8 - 47kΩ 5% 1/4W Resistor (yellow-violet-orange-gold) R7 - 1.2MΩ 5% 1/4W Resistor (brown-red-green-gold) S1 - LHI-954 Infrared Detector Mount with tab in the same direction as marked on the PC board (see note below). R14 - 270kΩ 5% 1/4W Res. (red-violet-yellow-gold) R13 - 1.
FINAL ASSEMBLY Step 1 Place the speaker into the front case as shown in Figure 16. Use two #4 x 1/4” screws and two #4 washers to secure it into place. #4 x 1/4” Screws #4 Washers Figure 16 Step 2 Push the switch key onto the switch as shown in Figure 17. Make sure that the key-switch is sitting properly on the switch. Switch Key Figure 17 Step 3 Place the PC board into the front case as shown in Figure 18. Attach the back case to the front case with two #4 x 5/8” screws.
Step 4 Attach a 9V battery to the battery snap and place it into the case. Snap the battery cover into the back case as shown in Figure 19. Battery Cover Figure 19 Step 5 Place the unit onto a table and turn it on. Move to one side of the detector so that you are out of the field of view of the detector. Walk in front of the detector and a tone will sound from the speaker. The unit is now ready for use.
TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE The values given below are approximate. POWER SUPPLY 1. Measure the voltage at IC3. Pin 3 = 9V, Pin 1 = 4.75 - 5.25V A. Check soldering around IC3 and C6. B. Check for short to GND from pins 2 and 3. C. If no shorts are present, IC3 may be defective. INFRARED DETECTOR 2. Measure the voltages at points: A = 5V B = 4.25V C = .700V A. Voltage at point A incorrect: 1. Check R1. 2. Check for a short between point A and GND. B. Voltage at point B incorrect: 1.
4. Measure the voltages at IC1 when activated. Pin 1 7 8 14 Voltage 0 - 3.8V 0 - 3.8V 0 - 3.8V 1.5 - 3.8V A. Incorrect voltage readings: 1. Check resistors R3 - R12 for correct value. 2. Check diode D1 polarity. 3. Check C3 and C4 polarity. 4. IC1 may be defective. SOUND GENERATOR Measure the voltage at the following pins on U2, as listed in the chart below. U2 Pin 3 5 6 7 Voltage No Sound 0 5V 5V 0V Voltage Sound 0 - 4V 5V .735V A. No voltage at pin 3: 1. Check R13, R14, SW1 and C5. B.
QUIZ 1. The 9V battery supplies a . . . A. positive AC voltage. B. DC voltage. C. AC voltage. D. rectified DC voltage. 2. A human’s maximum thermal radiation is between . . . A. 3 and 5µm. B. 9 and 13µm. C. 10 and 20µm. D. 9 and 10µm. 3. As temperature changes, the pyroelectric crystals generate . . . A. white light. B. infrared light. C. heat. D. a voltage. 4. A wavelength is the distance between two points having . . . A. opposite phases. B. two different phases. C. the same phase, but different voltages.
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM -16-
SPECIFICATIONS Power Detection Distance • 9V DC battery • 30 feet max., best at 4.5’ to 24’ Current Output Sound • Operating 60mA (average) • Standby Typical less than 4mA Detection • High frequency / Low frequency tone (Ding-Dong) • 85 - 90dB peak Operating Range • Pyroelectric Infrared Sensor. • -10 to +50OC GLOSSARY OF TERMS Amplify To enlarge or increase. Amplitude The greatest difference above a reference, usually zero. Analogy Likeness or resemblance in relations of different objects.
Low Pass Filter Decreases all signals above a certain frequency and passes frequencies below that frequency. Negative Feedback To allow a portion of the output signal to be brought back and cancel part of the input. Noise A random, persistent disturbance of a signal. Open Loop Gain The maximum gain available without feedback. Oscillator A device used to vary between alternate extremes (varies from high to low). Peak The top of a wave or mountain. Polarity The division of two opposites.
