English Operating manual Photo-Radiometer / Dosimeter A.O.R. HD2402 Companies / Brands of GHM www.deltaohm.com Keep for future reference.
HD2402 Photo-Radiometer / A.O.R. Dosimeter HD2402 - 2 - V1.
FRONT 1. LASER LED 2. Radiometric sensor for the measurement of UV band (220÷400 nm) 3. Radiometric sensor for the measurement of NIR band (700÷1300 nm) 4. Not used 5. Radiometric sensor for the measurement of UVA band (315÷400 nm) 6. Photometric sensor for the measurement of visible radiation (Luxmeter) 7. Radiometric sensor for the measurement of BLUE band (400÷600 nm) 8. Not used 9. Thermopile sensor for the measurement of NIR-FIR band (400÷2800 nm) BACK AND SIDE 10.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................... 5 2 RADIOMETRY OVERVIEW....................................................................... 8 2.1 Irradiance..........................................................................................8 2.2 Radiance ...........................................................................................9 3 OPERATING PRINCIPLE ..........................................................
1 INTRODUCTION HD2402 is a portable datalogger photo-radiometer for the measurement of noncoherent optical radiations in accordance with 2006/25/CE European directive and legislative decree No 81 of 9 April 2008. The instrument consists of a series of sensors used to cover the different portions of the spectrum and of a small LASER used to point the analyzed source.
λ = 400 nm t (a) ∫ Heff = ∫E t λ = 400 nm 0 λ = 315 nm ∫ H UVA = ∫E λ = 700 nm (c), (d) ( λ , t ) . S( λ ) . d λ . d t (Heff is only relevant in the range 180 to 400 nm) λ = 180 nm 0 (b) λ ∫ Lλ (λ) LB = λ (λ, t) . dλ . dt (HUVA is only relevant in the range 315 to 400 nm) . B(λ) . dλ (LB is only relevant in the range 300 to 700 nm) (λ ) . B ( λ) .
R (λ) LR B (λ) LB EB EIR Eskin Hskin α Spectral weighting taking into account the wavelength dependence of the thermal injury caused to the eye by visible and IRA radiation [dimensionless]; Effective radiance (thermal injury): calculated radiance spectrally weighted by R(λ), expressed in watts per square meter per steradian per nanometer [W/(m2 sr)]; Spectral weighting taking into account the wavelength dependence of the photochemical injury caused to the eye by the blue light radiation [dimensionles
2 RADIOMETRY OVERVIEW The foregoing exposition is far from being exhaustive, but will be useful to make the HD2402 unit operation known and to understand the approximations made by the instrument for the calculation of the various radiometric quantities requested by L.D. No 81/08. 2.
2.2 RADIANCE Radiance Li at a point of a surface is defined as the energetic flux d2ΦI that flows through a surface dA per unit solid angle dΩ (Figure 2): 2 d Φ Li = dA ⋅ dΩ Figure 2: radiance The radiance measurement unit is [W/(m2 sr)]; when calculated at different wavelengths, we obtain the spectral radiance [W/(m2nm sr)]. A solid angle is the angle subtended at a point P by a closed surface A.
Similar definitions apply to photometry where irradiance will be replaced by illuminance (lux) and radiance by luminance [cd/m2]. More generally, the link between any spectral radiometric quantity GR(λ) and the corresponding photometric quantity GF is given by the following formula: 780 GF = 683 ⋅ ∫ GR(λ) ⋅ V (λ)dλ 380 where : V(λ) is the photopic vision curve (Figure 3), 380nm and 780nm are the integration extremes, out of these extremes V(λ)=0.
3 OPERATING PRINCIPLE 6 sensors are used for the measurement of optic radiations. Each sensor covers a given spectral range and measurements in conformity with L.D. 81/08 can be performed through the combination of signals coming from several sensors. The sensors used are photodiodes, except for channel 9 that utilizes a thermopile sensor. The instrument is provided with a pointing LASER to indicate to the user the area outlined by the instrument.
1,0E+00 Weighting Ponderazione 1,0E-01 1,0E-02 1,0E-03 1,0E-04 1,0E-05 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 Lambda (nm) Figure 4: Spectral weighting curve S(λ) (wavelengths below 200nm are not taken into consideration, as highly absorbed in air) 10 Weighting Ponderazione 1 0.1 0.01 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 La m bda (nm) Figure 5: Spectral weighting curve R(λ) 1 0.9 Weighting Ponderazione 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.
Table 4 shows the 15 limit values to be calculated according to attachment 37 of L.D. 81/08. Index a. Wavelength nm Exposure limit value Units Comment [J m-2] 180-400 Heff = 30 (UVA, UVB and UVC) Daily value 8 hours Part of the body eye cornea Hazard photokeratitis conjunctiva conjunctivitis lens cataractogenesis skin erythema elastosis skin cancer b. c.
Different limits correspond to different spectral intervals. Some spectral bands coincide with the spectral response of the utilized sensors, while other sensors need to properly combine several channels. The table shows how HD2402 channels are combined to obtain 13 of the requested 15 limits. Limits e, f are beyond the measurements achievable with the instrument and, on the other hand, are applied to particular sources (typically, ophthalmology instruments).
4 INSTALLATION OF THE INSTRUMENT The instrument is provided with a single cable (cod. CP24), ending with a M12 connector at the instrument side and an A-type USB connector at the other end. The cable is used both for connection to the external SWD05 power supply unit and for connection to a PC; in this case, it is directly powered by the USB port of the PC. The instrument takes about 15 seconds to be operative after connection to a PC or to the power supply unit.
5 DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION The instrument has two operation modes: • Instrument connected to the USB port of the PC and managed through the DeltaLog13 software The instrument is powered through the USB port of the PC. A short blink every 3 seconds of the rear LED indicates that the instrument is properly powered. In order to use the DeltaLog13 software, the supplied CH20-ROA software key must be introduced in a second USB port of the PC.
Start PC Log icon: starts manually logging measurements that will be directly saved in the PC. After starting logging, the icon changes in Stop PC Log, allowing to stop logging when desired. Start Logging icon: starts manually logging measurements that will be saved in the internal memory of the instrument. After starting logging, the icon changes in Stop Logging, allowing to stop logging when desired. Dump LOG icon: allows to download in the PC measurements saved in the internal memory of the instrument.
6 MANAGEMENT OF A MEASUREMENT CAMPAIGN WITH DELTALOG13 The chapter describes all steps needed to perform a measurement campaign, with the purpose to evaluate and analyze one or more sources and positions in the same place. A measurement campaign is performed through the following steps: 1. Setting measurement scales for the different channels; 2. Setting mode and duration of the measurement log; 3. Measurement log; 4.
In case of doubt, it is advisable to select the AUTO setting, leaving to the instrument the most appropriate choice to use. Once a new scale is set, the Apply key must be pressed to activate the change. When pressing the Apply key, the setting of inputs is saved in the instrument and will remain active even if the instrument is subsequently disconnected. If a channel measurement is beyond full scale, the corresponding indicator in the column Ovf will appear in red color. 6.
(hh:mm:ss). Select the Apply key to save the instrument settings, logging will automatically start at the set date/time. The instrument can also be disconnected from the PC and connected to the power supply unit. The rear LED blinks every 3 seconds until acquisition is started; the Led will start blinking once per second from the moment acquisition is started. Manual logging in the instrument memory is started by selecting the Start Logging icon (or in alternative by pressing the rear button for 5 seconds).
Please refer to the software manual or online help for details on the functions available in the window containing the log list. 6.4 DATA ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION REPORT Select the Project icon and then the New project item for the analysis of the data detected by the instrument. The program asks for a name to assign to the project file and the path where to save it; enter the requested info and press Save, the project window will open.
The right panel contains two additional columns: N. Measures Done (number of measures performed on the source) and N. Measures Report (number of measures used to prepare the evaluation report). The column content is void for the moment and will be updated afterward, when some measurements will be associated to the source. Proceed the same way to add other sources to the project. At this point, the detected measures can be associated to each source.
The window is divided into five panels: • The panel with the project components (in the upper left side), where the log file is now present. • The panel with the selected file information (placed below the panel of the project components). • The panel where the geometric parameters of the analyzed source must be entered (in the lower left side).
measurements with a gold background will be considered in the final evaluation report. The evaluation can be performed using several consecutive measurements, selecting them by means of the SHIFT key on the PC keyboard (select the first measurement of the series, then keep the SHIFT key depressed and select the last measurement of the series), and pressing the Save icon.
6.4.1 Geometrical parameters The instrument measures irradiance, while radiance value must be known for calculating some exposure limit values (ELV). If geometric parameters are known, both quantities can be calculated (the solid angle subtended from source to sensor must be known) through calculation of the geometric parameter F. The expected geometries are 5: o Geometric data not available: the event is contemplated, where no indication can be provided on the source geometry.
6.4.2 Luxmeter table The values measured by the luxmeter are displayed in the Luxmeter table. The data displayed in the table are: • Illuminance value in Lux (if a single sample is considered, the value corresponds to the instant value or, if several samples are taken into consideration, it corresponds to the mean value). • Alpha angle in degrees, it is the angle under which the analyzed source is seen. • Alpha angle in radiants, equal to the above mentioned angle, but expressed in radiants.
6.4.3 Table a. 180-400 Table a. 180-400 describes the exposure limit for parameter “a”. The displayed data are: • Effective irradiance value Eeff [W/m2] (corresponds to the instant value if a single sample is considered, or to the mean value if several samples are considered). • Effective dose value Heff [J/m2] regarding the considered samples. • Time in hours/minutes/seconds for exceeding 30 Jeff/m2 maximum daily dose calculated starting from the irradiance mean value.
6.4.5 Table c.d. 300-700 Table c.d. 300-700 shows LB exposure limit for parameters “c” and "d”. The limit varies according to the source observation time and angular dimensions; consequently, different exposure limits correspond to different observation times and dimensions.
If the preceding limit is not exceeded, t_100 will be above 10000s; if this is below, the succeeding limit will have to be taken into consideration. o LB (11mrad) [W/(m² sr)] radiance calculated assuming that all light comes from a circular area whose angular dimension is 11mrad. This is true if the observation time is above 10s and below 100s; in fact, for time periods within this interval the smallest source detected by the human eye is 11mrad (CEI IEC 62471).
o t_lim [s] exposure time limit, that is the time period during which the source can be observed with no problems to the visual system.
if LB_100 < 100 then t_lim > 10000s (d index satisfied) if 11mrad ≤ Alpha < 100mrad ⇒ if Alpha < 11mrad ⇒ otherwise t_lim = 106 / LB_real (c index satisfied) if LB_100 < 100 then t_lim > 10000s (d index satisfied) otherwise t_lim = 106 / LB_11 • Side d1 [m] - Side d2 [m] – Distance R [m]: o Alpha_1 [rad] angle subtended by the source along side d1 (see following table). o Alpha_2 [rad] angle subtended by the source along side d2 (see following table).
o t_lim [s] exposure time limit, that is the time period during which the source can be observed with no problems to the visual system.
if LB_100 < 100 then t_lim > 10000s (d index satisfied) if 11mrad ≤ Alpha < 100mrad ⇒ If Alpha < 11mrad ⇒ otherwise t_lim = 106 / LB_real (c index satisfied) if LB_100 < 100 then t_lim > 10000s (d index satisfied) otherwise t_lim = 106 / LB_11 The exposure time limit in seconds is displayed aside radiance values. If the Include in Report box is selected, table data will be included in the final report. 6.4.6 Table g.h.i. 380-1400 Table g.h.i.
• Alpha angle in radiants, equal to the previous but expressed in radiants. • Omega solid angle in steradians, it is the solid angle under which the analyzed source is seen. This angle is used for the calculation of luminance. This parameter is estimated based on the radiance value and not on irradiance; consequently, the more detailed are the entered geometric parameters, the more plentiful will be the data on limit value. All possible cases are analyzed in the following.
o LR (real) [W/(m² sr)] is the real radiance calculated starting from the entered geometric parameters. o t_lim [s] exposure time limit, that is the time period during which a source can be observed without damages to the visual system. This value is calculated with the following procedure (all radiance values are expressed in [W m-2 sr-1]): if Alpha > 100mrad it is assumed that Cα = 100 if LR_real ≤ 2.8 • 105 ⇒ t > 10s (g limit satisfied) if 2.8 • 105 ≤ LR_real ≤ 8.
if 1.7mrad 10s (g limit satisfied) if 2.8 • 107/Alpha ≤ LR_real ≤ 8.89 • 108/Alpha ⇒ t_lim = (5 • 107/(LR_real • Alpha))4 [s] (h limit satisfied) if 8.89 • 108/Alpha ≤ LR_real ⇒ t_lim < 10μs (i limit) if Alpha < 1.7mrad it is assumed that Cα = 1.7 if LR_1.7 ≤ 1.65 • 107 ⇒ t > 10s (g limit satisfied) if 1.65 • 107 ≤ LR_1.7 ≤ 5.23 • 108 ⇒ t_lim = (2.94 • 107/(LR_1.7))4 [s] (h limit satisfied) if 5.23 • 108 ≤ LR_1.
if Alpha > 100mrad it is assumed that Cα = 100 if LR_real ≤ 2.8 • 105 ⇒ t > 10s (g limit satisfied) if 2.8 • 105 ≤ LR_real ≤ 8.89 • 106 ⇒ t_lim = (5 • 105/LR_100)4 [s] (h limit satisfied) if 8.89 • 106 ≤ LR_real ⇒ t_lim < 10μs (i limit) if 1.7mrad ≤ Alpha < 100mrad it is assumed that Cα = Alpha if LR_real ≤ 2.8 • 107/Alpha ⇒ t > 10s (g limit satisfied) if 2.8 • 107/Alpha ≤ LR_real ≤ 8.89 • 108/Alpha ⇒ t_lim = (5 • 107/(LR_real • Alpha))4 [s] (h limit satisfied) if 8.
6.4.7 Table j.k.l. 780-1400 Table j.k.l. 780-1400 shows LR exposure limit for parameters “j”, “k”, “l”. The limit varies according to source observation time and to angular dimensions; consequently, different exposure limits correspond to different observation times and dimensions. In particular: LR = 6.6 • 106/Cα [W m-2 sr-1] for t > 10s (j limit) LR = 5 • 107/(t0.25Cα) [W m-2 sr-1] for 10μs ≤ t ≤ 10s (k limit) 8 LR = 8.
it is assumed that Cα=100 if Lr_100 < 6 • 104 ⇒ t_lim > 10s (j limit satisfied) if 2.8 • 105 ≤ Lr_100 ≤ 8.89 • 106 ⇒ t_lim = (5 • 105/Lr_100)4 (k limit satisfied) if Lr_100 < 8.89 • 106 ⇒ t_lim < 10μs (l limit) o Lr (11mrad) [W/(m² sr)] radiance calculated assuming that all the light comes from a circular area whose angular dimension is 11mrad. This value is to be compared with the three limit values.
if Alpha < 11mrad it is assumed that Cα = 11 if LR_11 ≤ 5.45 • 105 ⇒ t > 10s (j limit satisfied) if 5.45 • 105 ≤ LR_11 ≤ 8.08 • 107 ⇒ t_lim = (4.54 • 106/(LR_11))4 [s] (k limit satisfied) if 8.08 • 107 ≤ LR_real ⇒ t_lim < 10μs (limite l) • Omega [sr], the solid angle under which the source is seen by the instrument in steradians is supplied by the user.
Note: Alpha_1 and Alpha_2 values are those perceived by the visual system and are calculated starting from α_1, α_2 angles calculated uniquely from geometric parameters.
o LR (11mrad) [W/(m² sr)] radiance calculated assuming that the source angular dimension is 11mrad. o LR (real) [W/(m² sr)] real radiance calculated starting from the entered geometric parameters. o t_lim [s] exposure time limit, that is the time period during which a source can be observed without damages to the visual system. This value is calculated with the following procedure: if Alpha > 100mrad it is assumed that Cα = 100 if LR_real ≤ 6 • 104 ⇒ t > 10s (j limit satisfied) if 6 • 104 ≤ LR_real ≤ 8.
6.4.8 Table m.n.o. 380-3000 Table m.n.o. 380-3000 shows the exposure limits for parameters “m”, “n”, “o”. The displayed values are: • Eskin [W/m2] irradiance value (corresponding to the instant value if a single sample is taken into consideration, and to the mean value if several samples are taken into consideration). • Hskin [J/m2] dose value regarding the samples taken into consideration.
6.4.9 Notes table The user can record at will any comments regarding each of the limits provided for in attachment 37 of L.D. 81/08 in the Notes table. 6.4.10 Report table The Report table sums up the exposure limit values for each risk index.
The following table describes the association between box color and exposure time for the different indexes.
7 SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS Measurements of artificial optical radiations are conducted on a wide spectral interval ranging within 180nm and 3000nm. Different risk indexes are associated to different spectral intervals, depending on the kind of damage produced by the optical radiation on the exposed parts of the human body: eyes and skin. The correct curves of the spectral response are obtained by summing up the signals coming from several sensors with appropriate weighting. 7.
7.2 SPECTRAL INTERVAL 315-400nm (UVA) No weighting is required by this spectral interval. The following figure shows the spectral response curve of the UVA channel. 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 250 270 290 310 330 350 370 390 410 430 450 Lambda(nm) Figure 8: spectral response curve of UVA sensor 7.3 SPECTRAL INTERVAL 300-700nm This spectral interval must be evaluated with the weighting curve B(λ).
7.4 SPECTRAL INTERVAL 380-1400nm This spectral interval must be evaluated with the weighting curve R(λ). The following figure shows the comparison between the spectral response curve obtained by the combination of channels and weighting curve R(λ). 1.0E+01 1.0E+00 1.0E-01 1.0E-02 1.0E-03 350 450 550 650 750 850 950 1050 1150 1250 Lam bda(nm ) Figure 10:comparison between spectral response curve obtained by the combination of channels (purple color) and weighting curve R(λ) (in black) 7.
7.6 SPECTRAL INTERVAL 380-3000nm No weighting is required by this spectral interval. The following figure shows the spectral response curve of the pyranometer. 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 100 1000 400 3000 10000 Lam bda (nm ) Figure 12: spectral response curve of the pyranometer. HD2402 - 49 - V1.
8 SENSOR CALIBRATION Instruments are factory-calibrated and do not require any additional intervention by users. Each sensor in the HD2402 is individually calibrated in different modes. Luxmeter (Channel 6), calibration is performed by comparison to the second-line reference luxmeter used at the Delta OHM metrological laboratory; the comparison is performed through an incandescent lamp operating at a color temperature of 2856K (illuminant A).
9 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS Instrument Dimensions (L. x W.
Measurement of irradiance in the spectral range 400÷700 nm (blue) with spectral weighting factor B(λ) 0 0 0 0 ÷ ÷ ÷ ÷ 399.9 • 10-3 W/m2 3.999 W/m2 39.99 W/m2 399.9 W/m2 Measurement of infrared irradiance, in the spectral range 700÷1300 nm, with spectral weighting factor R(λ) 0 ÷ 3.999 W/m2 0 ÷ 39.99 W/m2 0 ÷ 399.9 W/m2 0 ÷ 3.999 • 103 W/m2 Measurement of infrared irradiance, in the spectral range 400÷2800 nm 0 ÷ 3.999 • 103 W/m2 HD2402 - 52 - V1.
10 STORAGE Instrument storage conditions: • Temperature: -25...+70°C. • Humidity: 10...90%RH non condensing. • In storing, avoid places where: Humidity is at high level. The instrument is exposed to direct sunlight. The instrument is exposed to a high temperature source. There are strong vibrations. The instrument is exposed to vapors, salt and/or corrosive gas.
12 ORDER CODES HD2402 Multi-sensor instrument, datalogger for the measurement of noncoherent optical radiations. Provided with: DeltaLog13 software (from 1.0.1.0 version) for data download, monitor and data processing on PC, CH20–ROA hardware key for software enabling, CP24 connection cable, SWD05 power supply unit, VTRAP20 tripod, instruction manual, case. Accessories: CH20–ROA Hardware key for PCs with Windows® operating systems.
GU AR AN T E E TERMS OF GUARANTEE All DELTA OHM instruments are subject to accurate testing, and are guaranteed for 24 months from the date of purchase. DELTA OHM will repair or replace free of charge the parts that, within the warranty period, shall be deemed non efficient according to its own judgement. Complete replacement is excluded and no damage claims are accepted. The DELTA OHM guarantee only covers instrument repair.
GHM GROUP – Delta OHM | Delta Ohm S.r.l. a socio unico Via Marconi 5 | 35030 Caselle di Selvazzano | Padova | ITALY Phone +39 049 8977150 | Fax +39 049 635596 www.deltaohm.com | info@deltaohm.com The quality level of our instruments is the result of the constant development of the product. This may produce some differences between the information written in this manual and the instrument you have purchased. We cannot completely exclude the possibility of errors in the manual, for which we apologize.
GHM GROUP – Delta OHM | Delta Ohm S.r.l. a socio unico Via Marconi 5 | 35030 Caselle di Selvazzano | Padova | ITALY Phone +39 049 8977150 | Fax +39 049 635596 www.deltaohm.com | info@deltaohm.com V1.
