Reference Guide
Table Of Contents
- About this Guide
- Configuration Fundamentals
- Getting Started
- System Management
- Configure Privilege Levels
- Configure Logging
- Log Messages in the Logging Buffer
- Disable System Logging
- Send System Messages to a Syslog Server
- Change System Logging Settings
- Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration
- Configure a UNIX Logging Facility Level
- Synchronize Log Messages
- Enable Timestamp on Syslog Messages
- File Transfer Services
- Terminal Lines
- Time out of EXEC Privilege Mode
- Telnet to Another Network Device
- Lock CONFIGURATION mode
- Recovering from a Forgotten Password
- Recovering from a Failed Start
- 802.1ag
- Ethernet CFM
- Maintenance Domains
- Maintenance Points
- Maintenance End Points
- Implementation Information
- Configure CFM
- Enable Ethernet CFM
- Create a Maintenance Domain
- Create a Maintenance Association
- Create Maintenance Points
- Continuity Check Messages
- Loopback Message and Response
- Linktrace Message and Response
- Enable CFM SNMP Traps
- Display Ethernet CFM Statistics
- 802.3ah
- 802.1X
- Protocol Overview
- Configuring 802.1X
- Important Points to Remember
- Enabling 802.1X
- Configuring Request Identity Re-transmissions
- Forcibly Authorize or Unauthorize a Port
- Re-Authenticating a Port
- Configuring Timeouts
- Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication
- Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs
- Multi-Host Authentication
- Multi-Supplicant Authentication
- MAC Authentication Bypass
- Dynamic CoS with 802.1X
- IP Access Control Lists (ACL), Prefix Lists, and Route-maps
- Overview
- IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)
- IP Fragment Handling
- Configure a standard IP ACL
- Configure an extended IP ACL
- Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs on an Interface
- Assign an IP ACL to an Interface
- Configure Ingress ACLs
- Configure Egress ACLs
- Configure ACLs to Loopback
- IP Prefix Lists
- ACL Resequencing
- Route Maps
- Important Points to Remember
- Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
- Protocol Overview
- Important Points to Remember
- Configure Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
- Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)
- Protocol Overview
- BGP Attributes
- Multiprotocol BGP
- Implement BGP with FTOS
- Configuration Information
- BGP Configuration
- Defaults
- Configuration Task List for BGP
- Enable BGP
- Configure AS4 Number Representations
- Configure Peer Groups
- BGP fast fall-over
- Configure passive peering
- Maintain existing AS numbers during an AS migration
- Allow an AS number to appear in its own AS path
- Enable graceful restart
- Filter on an AS-Path attribute
- Redistribute routes
- Configure IP community lists
- Manipulate the COMMUNITY attribute
- Change MED attribute
- Change LOCAL_PREFERENCE attribute
- Change NEXT_HOP attribute
- Change WEIGHT attribute
- Enable multipath
- Filter BGP routes
- Configure BGP route reflectors
- Aggregate routes
- Configure BGP confederations
- Enable route flap dampening
- Change BGP timers
- BGP neighbor soft-reconfiguration
- Route map continue
- MBGP Configuration
- BGP Regular Expression Optimization
- Retain NH in BGP Advertisement
- Debug BGP
- Sample Configurations
- Content Addressable Memory
- Content Addressable Memory
- CAM Profiles
- Microcode
- CAM Profiling for ACLs
- Boot Behavior
- When to Use CAM Profiling
- Important Points to Remember
- Select CAM Profiles
- CAM Allocation
- Test CAM Usage
- View CAM Profiles
- View CAM-ACL settings
- View CAM Usage
- Configuring IPv4Flow Sub-partitions
- Configuring Ingress Layer 2 ACL Sub-partitions
- Return to the Default CAM Configuration
- CAM Optimization
- Applications for CAM Profiling
- Troubleshoot CAM Profiling
- Configuration Replace and Rollback
- Archived Files
- Configuring Configuration Replace and Rollback
- Important Points to Remember
- Enable the Archive Service
- Archive a Configuration File
- Replace the Current Running Configuration
- Roll Back to the Previous Configuration
- Configure an Archive File Maximum
- Configure Auto-archive
- Copy and Delete an Archive File
- View and Edit the Contents of an Archive File
- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
- Protocol Overview
- Implementation Information
- Configuration Tasks
- Configure the System to be a DHCP Server
- Configure the System to be a Relay Agent
- Configure Secure DHCP
- Equal Cost Multi-Path
- Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol
- Force10 Service Agent
- Implementation Information
- Configure Force10 Service Agent
- Enable Force10 Service Agent
- Specify an SMTP Server for FTSA
- Providing an Administrator E-mail Address
- FTSA Messaging Service
- FTSA Message Types
- FTSA Policies
- Debug FTSA
- GARP VLAN Registration Protocol
- High Availability
- Internet Group Management Protocol
- IGMP Implementation Information
- IGMP Protocol Overview
- Configuring IGMP
- Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces
- Selecting an IGMP Version
- Viewing IGMP Groups
- Adjusting Timers
- Configuring a Static IGMP Group
- Enabling IGMP Immediate-leave
- IGMP Snooping
- Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes
- Designating a Multicast Router Interface
- Interfaces
- Basic Interface Configuration:
- Advanced Interface Configuration:
- Interface Types
- View Basic Interface Information
- Enable a Physical Interface
- Physical Interfaces
- Management Interfaces
- VLAN Interfaces
- Loopback Interfaces
- Null Interfaces
- Port Channel Interfaces
- Port channel definition and standards
- Port channel benefits
- Port channel implementation
- 10/100/1000 Mbps interfaces in port channels
- Configuration task list for port channel interfaces
- Create a port channel
- Add a physical interface to a port channel
- Reassign an interface to a new port channel
- Configure the minimum oper up links in a port channel (LAG)
- Add or remove a port channel from a VLAN
- Assign an IP address to a port channel
- Delete or disable a port channel
- Load balancing through port channels
- E-Series load-balancing
- IPv4, IPv6, and non-IP traffic handling on the E-Series
- C-Series and S-Series load-balancing
- Hash algorithm
- Bulk Configuration
- Interface Range Macros
- Monitor and Maintain Interfaces
- Link Debounce Timer
- Link Dampening
- Ethernet Pause Frames
- Configure MTU Size on an Interface
- Port-pipes
- Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces
- View Advanced Interface Information
- IPv4 Addressing
- IP Addresses
- Directed Broadcast
- Resolution of Host Names
- ARP
- ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP
- ARP Learning via ARP Request
- Configurable ARP Retries
- ICMP
- UDP Helper
- Configuring UDP Helper
- Important Points to Remember about UDP Helper
- Enabling UDP Helper
- Configuring a Broadcast Address
- Configurations Using UDP Helper
- Troubleshooting UDP Helper
- IPv6 Addressing
- Protocol Overview
- Implementing IPv6 with FTOS
- ICMPv6
- Path MTU Discovery
- IPv6 Neighbor Discovery
- QoS for IPv6
- IPv6 Multicast
- SSH over an IPv6 Transport
- Configuration Task List for IPv6
- Change your CAM-Profile on an E-Series system
- Adjust your CAM-Profile on an C-Series or S-Series
- Assign an IPv6 Address to an Interface
- Assign a Static IPv6 Route
- Telnet with IPv6
- SNMP over IPv6
- Show IPv6 Information
- Show an IPv6 Interface
- Show IPv6 Routes
- Show the Running-Configuration for an Interface
- Clear IPv6 Routes
- Intermediate System to Intermediate System
- Link Aggregation Control Protocol
- Layer 2
- Managing the MAC Address Table
- MAC Learning Limit
- mac learning-limit dynamic
- mac learning-limit station-move
- mac learning-limit no-station-move
- mac learning-limit sticky
- Displaying MAC Learning-Limited Interfaces
- Learning Limit Violation Actions
- Station Move Violation Actions
- Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations
- Per-VLAN MAC Learning Limit
- NIC Teaming
- Microsoft Clustering
- Configuring Redundant Pairs
- Restricting Layer 2 Flooding
- Far-end Failure Detection
- Link Layer Discovery Protocol
- 802.1AB (LLDP) Overview
- Optional TLVs
- TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview
- Configuring LLDP
- Important Points to Remember
- CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations
- Enabling LLDP
- Advertising TLVs
- Viewing the LLDP Configuration
- Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents
- Configuring LLDPDU Intervals
- Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode
- Configuring a Time to Live
- Debugging LLDP
- Relevant Management Objects
- Multicast Listener Discovery
- Multicast Source Discovery Protocol
- Protocol Overview
- Implementation Information
- Configuring Multicast Source Discovery Protocol
- Enable MSDP
- Manage the Source-active Cache
- Accept Source-active Messages that fail the RFP Check
- Limit the Source-active Messages from a Peer
- Prevent MSDP from Caching a Local Source
- Prevent MSDP from Caching a Remote Source
- Prevent MSDP from Advertising a Local Source
- Log Changes in Peership States
- Terminate a Peership
- Clear Peer Statistics
- Debug MSDP
- MSDP with Anycast RP
- MSDP Sample Configurations
- Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol
- Protocol Overview
- Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol
- Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally
- Add and Remove Interfaces
- Create Multiple Spanning Tree Instances
- Influence MSTP Root Selection
- Interoperate with Non-FTOS Bridges
- Modify Global Parameters
- Modify Interface Parameters
- Configure an EdgePort
- Configure a Root Guard
- Configure a Loop Guard
- Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change
- Displaying STP Guard Configuration
- MSTP Sample Configurations
- Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configuration
- Multicast Features
- Object Tracking
- Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)
- Protocol Overview
- Implementing OSPF with FTOS
- Configuration Requirements
- Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)
- Enable OSPFv2
- Enable Multi-Process OSPF
- Assign an OSPFv2 area
- Enable OSPFv2 on interfaces
- Configure stub areas
- Configure OSPF Stub-Router Advertisement
- Enable passive interfaces
- Enable fast-convergence
- Change OSPFv2 parameters on interfaces
- Enable OSPFv2 authentication
- Enable OSPFv2 graceful restart
- Configure virtual links
- Filter routes
- Redistribute routes
- Troubleshooting OSPFv2
- Sample Configurations for OSPFv2
- Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)
- Enable IPv6 Unicast Routing
- Assign IPv6 addresses on an interface
- Assign Area ID on interface
- Assign OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally
- Configure stub areas
- Configure Passive-Interface
- Redistribute routes
- Configure a default route
- Enable OSPFv3 graceful restart
- OSPFv3 Authentication Using IPsec
- Troubleshooting OSPFv3
- PIM Dense-Mode
- PIM Sparse-Mode
- Implementation Information
- Protocol Overview
- Important Points to Remember
- Configure PIM-SM
- Enable PIM-SM
- Configurable S,G Expiry Timers
- Configure a Static Rendezvous Point
- Elect an RP using the BSR Mechanism
- Configure a Designated Router
- Create Multicast Boundaries and Domains
- Set a Threshold for Switching to the SPT
- PIM-SM Graceful Restart
- First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast
- Monitoring PIM
- PIM-SM and IGMP Snooping: Usage Notes
- PIM-SM Snooping
- PIM Source-Specific Mode
- Power over Ethernet
- Policy-based Routing
- Port Monitoring
- Private VLANs
- Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus
- Protocol Overview
- Implementation Information
- Configure Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus
- Enable PVST+
- Modify Global PVST+ Parameters
- Modify Interface PVST+ Parameters
- Configure an EdgePort
- Configure a Root Guard
- Configure a Loop Guard
- PVST+ in Multi-vendor Networks
- PVST+ Extended System ID
- Displaying STP Guard Configuration
- PVST+ Sample Configurations
- Quality of Service
- Implementation Information
- Port-based QoS Configurations
- Policy-based QoS Configurations
- QoS Rate Adjustment
- Strict-priority Queueing
- Weighted Random Early Detection
- Allocating Bandwidth to Multicast Queues
- Pre-calculating Available QoS CAM Space
- Viewing QoS CAM Entries
- Routing Information Protocol
- Remote Monitoring
- Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
- Protocol Overview
- Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree
- Important Points to Remember
- Configure Interfaces for Layer 2 Mode
- Enable Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Globally
- Add and Remove Interfaces
- Modify Global Parameters
- Modify Interface Parameters
- Configure an EdgePort
- Influence RSTP Root Selection
- SNMP Traps for Root Elections and Topology Changes
- Fast Hellos for Link State Detection
- Configure a Root Guard
- Configure a Loop Guard
- Displaying STP Guard Configuration
- Security
- Service Provider Bridging
- VLAN Stacking
- VLAN Stacking Packet Drop Precedence
- Dynamic Mode CoS for VLAN Stacking
- Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling
- Provider Backbone Bridging
- sFlow
- Simple Network Management Protocol
- Protocol Overview
- Implementation Information
- Configure Simple Network Management Protocol
- Important Points to Remember
- Create a Community
- Read Managed Object Values
- Write Managed Object Values
- Configure Contact and Location Information using SNMP
- Subscribe to Managed Object Value Updates using SNMP
- Copy Configuration Files Using SNMP
- Manage VLANs using SNMP
- Enable and Disable a Port using SNMP
- Fetch Dynamic MAC Entries using SNMP
- Deriving Interface Indices
- Monitor Port-channels
- Troubleshooting SNMP Operation
- SONET/SDH
- Stacking S-Series Switches
- Broadcast Storm Control
- Spanning Tree Protocol
- Protocol Overview
- Configuring Spanning Tree
- Related Configuration Tasks
- Important Points to Remember
- Configuring Interfaces for Layer 2 Mode
- Enabling Spanning Tree Protocol Globally
- Adding an Interface to the Spanning Tree Group
- Removing an Interface from the Spanning Tree Group
- Modifying Global Parameters
- Modifying Interface STP Parameters
- Enabling PortFast
- Preventing Network Disruptions with BPDU Guard
- STP Root Selection
- STP Root Guard
- SNMP Traps for Root Elections and Topology Changes
- Configuring Spanning Trees as Hitless
- STP Loop Guard
- Displaying STP Guard Configuration
- System Time and Date
- Uplink Failure Detection (UFD)
- Upgrade Procedures
- VLAN
- Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF)
- Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
- FTOS XML Feature
- C-Series Debugging and Diagnostics
- E-Series TeraScale Debugging and Diagnostics
- S-Series Debugging and Diagnostics
- Standards Compliance
Bidirectional Forwarding Detection | 175
Figure 9-3. BFD State Machine
Important Points to Remember
• BFD for line card ports is hitless, but is not hitless for VLANs since they are instantiated on the RPM.
• BFD is supported on C-Series and E-Series only.
• FTOS supports a maximum of 100 sessions per BFD agent. Each linecard processor has a BFD Agent,
so the limit translates to 100 BFD sessions per linecard (plus, on the E-Series, 100 BFD sessions on
RP2, which handles LAG and VLANs).
• BFD must be enabled on both ends of a link.
• Demand mode, authentication, and the Echo function are not supported.
• BFD is not supported on multi-hop and virtual links.
• Protocol Liveness is supported for routing protocols only.
• FTOS supports only OSPF, ISIS (E-Series only), and VRRP protocols as BFD clients.
Configure Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
The remainder of this chapter is divided into the following sections:
• Configuring BFD for Physical Ports
• Configuring BFD for Static Routes
• Configuring BFD for OSPF
• Configuring BFD for BGP
• Configuring BFD for IS-IS
• Configuring BFD for VRRP
• Configuring BFD for VLANs
• Configuring BFD for Port-Channels
• Configuring Protocol Liveness
• Troubleshoot BFD
Down
Init
Up
Up, Admin Down, Timer
Init
Down
Admin Down,
Timer
Admin Down,
Down,
Timer
Down
Init, Up
Up, Init
the packet received
current session state