SKYZHONE 45 INSTALLATION GUIDE For software version (ODU) 1.0.
Model Number: Generic System Image Version 1.0.0.2 Document Part Number: xxx-xxxxx-xx Zhone Technologies @Zhone Way 7001 Oakport Street Oakland, CA 94621 USA 510.777.7000 www.zhone.com Email: info@zhone.com COPYRIGHT ©2000-2001 Zhone Technologies. All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright law.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Part 15 Regulation This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15, subpart B, of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
A R D FT 4 SkyZhone 45 Installation Guide
CONTENTS Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Part 15 Regulation ...............................................................................................3 About This Guide ...............................................................................................................................9 Notes, cautions, and warnings ...............................................................................9 R D Chapter 1 Overview ...............................................................
Contents Antenna installation.................................................................................................27 Mechanical installation ...........................................................................................27 Antenna alignment ..................................................................................................28 ODU installation ........................................................................................................
Verifying the installation.........................................................................................49 The QuickStatus command....................................................................................50 Chapter 5 System Maintenance ...........................................................................................53 Physical maintenance .............................................................................................53 Diagnostics using the b byte..............
Contents A R D FT 8 SkyZhone 45 Installation Guide
ABOUT THIS GUIDE This guide provides installation and configuration information about the SkyZhone 45 system. It is intended for professional installation personnel qualified in the installation of microwave antennas. This guide has the following chapters. R D Chapter 1, “Overview, ” on page 11 describes the SkyZhone 45 system. Chapter 2, “Preparing for Installation, ” on page 19 explains how to get ready to install the system. Chapter 3, “Installation, ” on page 25 describes the system installation.
About This Guide A R D FT 10 SkyZhone 45 Installation Guide
1 OVERVIEW This chapter provides an overview of the SkyZhone 45 system.It includes the following sections: • System overview, page 11 • Technical specifications, page 14 System overview A R D The SkyZhone 45 is a point-to-point digital microwave link with a range of 4 to 10 miles in line-of-sight conditions, depending upon the antenna. The SkyZhone 45 system operates in FCC allocated, unlicensed frequencies between 5.250 GHz and 5.
Overview • One Version B Outdoor Unit (ODU) with mast (pole) mounting hardware. • Two antennas. • Two ODU antenna cables. Indoor Unit Two identical IDUs are provided. One IDU is installed at each end of the link and each IDU is connected to its respective ODU by a maximum 300 ft cable. The IDU units are each one rack unit-high and have a power supply, a CPU, and modem components for the DS3 radio system.
System overview The ODU is designed to be mounted within six feet of the antenna and is supplied with mounting hardware for installation on a pole or mast up to 4.5 inches in diameter. Figure 4: ODU ODU interior LEDs R D The ODU has five LEDs that are visible when the weatherproof door is opened. These LEDs are used during system installation to verify that the system is operational and that a signal is being received.
Overview Technical specifications The following table lists SkyZhone 45 system specifications and a description for each. Table 1: Technical specifications Specification Description Configuration A point-to-point broadband wireless transport system, with separate indoor and outdoor units, connected by a 75 ohm RG-6 coaxial cable up to 300 feet in length. Antenna A parabolic antenna with 29 dBi to 36 dBi gain, connected to the ODU by a 50 ohm cable six feet in length.
Technical specifications Table 4: General RF specifications Description Frequency Band 5.725 to 5.825 GHz, 5.25 to 5.
Overview This table describes the SkyZhone 45 system receiver specifications: Table 6: Receiver specifications Specification Description Frequency reference Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator Frequency stability 1.0 ppm (over -40 Celsius to +60 Celsius) Aging <3.5 ppm over 10 years Threshold at 10 -8 /BER -88 dBm This table describes the SkyZhone 45 system power specifications: Table 7: Power specifications Description IDU DC Power Requirements Input Voltage -48 VDC nominal @ 50 W.
Technical specifications Table 9: Network management and administration Specification Description Provisioning Through local VT100 Craft interface port. Alarms Indication is provided using the LED display, and error messages are transmitted through the serial (Craft) port. Alarm connector Phoenix Contact modular screw terminal.
Overview A R D FT 18 SkyZhone 45 Installation Guide
2 PREPARING FOR INSTALLATION This chapter explains how to prepare to install the SkyZhone 45 system, and includes the following sections: Site selection requirements, page 19 • Antenna path guidelines, page 19 • Received Signal Level and link budget, page 20 • Fade margin calculations, page 21 • Unit Frequencies, page 21 • Powering the units, page 21 • Equipment, page 22 A R D • Site selection requirements The performance of the SkyZhone 45 system depends upon its proper installation.
Preparing for Installation In addition to line-of-sight clearance, a well-engineered high-frequency path will also incorporate additional clearance. Extra space is needed to compensate for signal loss due to partial obstructions, atmospheric inducting, and multipath reflections. To maximize radio reception • Calculate 0.6 times the first Fresnel zone • Add this distance to the path clearance above the tallest obstacle in the line-of-sight path.
Fade margin calculations Fade margin calculations The fade margin is the difference between the RSL and the receiver’s threshold. Use the RSL as calculated in “Received Signal Level and link budget”, and compare it to the receive threshold of the SkyZhone 45 radio (-88 dBm for BER of10-8) The fade margin is the difference between the two signal levels. A fade margin of at least 20 dB is suggested for reliable performance, and larger margins may be required over areas with water or thermal inversions.
Preparing for Installation Equipment Before you begin the SkyZhone 45 system installation, make sure that you have all of the hardware and tools required.
Equipment This cable is type RG-6 cable, 75 ohm impedance, terminated in type TNC weatherproof connectors. Acceptable types include 18 gauge Belden 9248 or Alpha 9314. The length may vary between installations but the cable run must not exceed 300 ft in length. Do not use 50 ohm cable for this connection. Do not substitute RG-59 cable for 18 gauge RG-6 cable. Connectors may be crimped or soldered, but must be type TNC male. • Copper ground wire (#6).
Preparing for Installation A R D FT 24 SkyZhone 45 Installation Guide
3 INSTALLATION This explains how to install the SkyZhone 45 system and includes the following sections: Important safety instructions, page 25 • Antenna installation, page 27 • ODU installation, page 28 • IDU installation, page 33 • ODU LEDs, page 37 • IDU LEDs, page 37 A R D • WARNING! Every part of this microwave radio system, including antennas, must be properly grounded. Grounding maximizes the system performance, minimizes lightning damage, and ensures safety.
Installation Every SkyZhone 45 component must be grounded through the terminal marked with the international ground symbol. ( ) 3 Slots and openings in the equipment are for ventilation. For reliable operation and to avoid overheating, do not or block cover any slots or openings in the system chassis. 4 DO NOT attempt to service this product yourself, or your warranty will be void. Refer all servicing to Zhone Global Service and Support.
Antenna installation Antenna installation WARNING! It is the responsibility of the installer to ensure that the antenna is mounted so that it is not accessible to the public and is not directed where dangerous levels of human exposure could result. Due to the possibility of exposure to Radio Frequency (RF) radiation above the recommended levels, do not stand within five (5) feet of the front of the antenna during system operation.
Installation Antenna alignment Each antenna is aimed directly at, and has an optical line-of-sight radio path to, the antenna on the other end of the link. The presence of buildings, foliage or other obstructions within the radio path or the first Fresnel zone will impede performance and could prevent communications. Depending upon the antenna diameter used, the beam width of most of the transmitted signal will be 5 degrees or less, requiring that the antenna be accurately aimed.
ODU installation ODU mechanical installation Use the mounting bracket that came with the ODU to install it. Use these guidelines to install the ODU: • The ODU must be installed within six feet of the antenna, or within reach of the 6 ft LMR-600 cable provided (see Figure 10 on page 32). This cable is very rigid and requires sufficient bending radius. • The mounting clamp is designed to secure the ODU to a pole or mast, and should be installed immediately below the antenna.
Installation Figure 7: ODU mounting installation detail A R D FT You can mount multiple ODUs to a single mounting bracket as shown in Figure 8.
ODU installation Figure 8: Mounting options R D Connecting the ODU to the antenna The ODU is has two coaxial connectors, as shown in Figure 9. The larger type N-style connector connects to the antenna, and the smaller TNC-style connector connects to the IDU. FT A Note: The ground stud on the ODU must be connected to earth ground. Figure 9: ODU connector panel Connect the ODU to the antenna as shown in Figure 10.
Installation Figure 10: Connecting the ODU to the antenna A R D Securing the connectors After connecting the coaxial cable to the antenna, secure the special N-style connector using an open-end adjustable wrench. Use care not to over-tighten the connectors. FT Caution: Make sure that the Type N connector to the antenna is properly and securely seated before you secure the connector cover.
IDU installation made operational before final azimuth and elevation adjustments can be made using the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) test points. sz0101 Figure 11: RSSI test points R D IDU installation FT A The voltage range of the RSSI indication is very small, varying from 0.9 VDC to 1.4 VDC.
Installation Figure 12: IDU installation A R D System interconnections Figure 13 shows the connections made on the IDU. Figure 13: Connecting IDU Interfaces FT Cabling IDU to ODU Before connecting the IDU to the ODU, check the electrical continuity of the center conductor and the ground shield end-to-end. This verifies that the connectors have been installed properly.
IDU installation Figure 14: Cabling IDU to ODU R D Electrical installation Before any other connections are made, connect a ground wire to the terminal marked with the grounding symbol (see Figure 15). Figure 15: Electrical connector locations FT A Grounding symbol IDU to ODU cable connection Locate the TNC-style connector on the left side of the IDU rear panel. It is connected to the ODU with a contractor-supplied RG-6 coaxial cable.
Installation DS3 Connect the two DS3 cables to the DS3 BNC connectors. These cables should be marked “DS-3 IN” and “DS-3 OUT”. The system will not carry traffic (but will be undamaged) if these couplers are reversed. Alarms Alarm indications in SkyZhone 45 release version 1.0 are displayed using the LEDs on the unit front panels.
ODU LEDs Confirming power to the system After either AC or DC power has been supplied to the IDU, the IDU front panel LED marked PWR will illuminate.The radio will not begin transmitting until configured by the installer to comply with FCC regulations. See Chapter 4, “Provisioning, ” on page 39. ODU LEDs Table 11 describes the ODU LEDs. Table 11: ODU LED indicators Description A (green) blinking A heartbeat indicator that is synchronized with a watchdog timer.
Installation A R D FT 38 SkyZhone 45 Installation Guide
4 PROVISIONING This chapter explains how to provision the SkyZhone 45. It has the following sections: Overview, page 39 • The management interface, page 41 • Provisioning overview, page 43 • Verifying the installation, page 49 • The QuickStatus command, page 50 A R D • After the system is provisioned, it will be fully functional and able to transmit data.
Provisioning of interference for the specific azimuth and deployment. Seventeen overlapping channels are available for each of the A and B type systems. Provisioning the secondary frequency The secondary frequency is used as a backup if the primary channel become unusable due to interference. Before choosing this frequency, perform an interference analysis using a spectrum analyzer. The channel should be clear of interference for the specific azimuth and deployment.
The management interface The management interface The SkyZhone 45 IDU has an RS-232 serial (Craft) interface for managing the system. To access the serial port you must first configure your VT-100 terminal (or computer with terminal emulation software) with these settings: • 9,600 bps • 8 data bits • No parity • 1 stop bit • Hardware flow control The IDU processes the configuration instructions and sends them to the ODU.
Provisioning for reference to software engineers and do not refer to the ODU software version. VxWorks OperatingSystem version 5.4 Copyright 2001 Zhone Technologies, Inc. CPU: SkyZhone45 Indoor Unit IDU Bootrom version 1.0.1 Created on February 28, 2001 13:41:24 Console Test..................................Passed Loading the generic system image Please wait... The image in boot area is good Generic system image load completed Generic system image booting. Please wait...
Provisioning overview This message indicates that a command proceeded by ODU@ was incorrect. If there is no ODU connected to the IDU, or if the cable is bad, the following message will be returned: -ODU->Communications fault to/from ODU....Please check ODU cable. When communications are restored between the ODU and IDU, this message will display: -ODU->Communication fault to/from ODU restored Provisioning overview The RS-232 interface on the IDU is used to provision the ODU.
Provisioning The eighth and ninth characters, 0 8, set the channel number. The last two keystrokes of the command are ! . Setting the secondary frequency This command sets one of 17 channels A01 through A17 or B01 through B17 as the secondary frequency. A system with an A variant ODU will not accept a B channel assignment command, and a B variant ODU will not accept A variant channels. The default secondary channel setting on factory shipped ODUs is channel 15. “A” variants will be shipped on A15.
Commands Table 13: Channel Center Frequencies (Continued) Transmit center frequency Receive center frequency Channel Transmit center frequency Receive center frequency A05 5.755 GHz 5.280 GHz B05 5.280 GHz 5.755 GHz A06 5.760 GHz 5.285 GHz B06 5.285 GHz 5.760 GHz A07 5.765 GHz 5.290 GHz B07 5.290 GHz 5.765 GHz A08 5.770 GHz 5.295 GHz B08 5.295 GHz 5.770 GHz A09 5.775 GHz 5.300 GHz B09 5.300 GHz 5.775 GHz A10 5.780 GHz 5.305 GHz B10 5.305 GHz 5.780 GHz A11 5.
Provisioning The first three characters @ S T begin the command string for the Set Transmit Signal Strength command. The fourth character, 0, defines the unit number, which is always zero. The fifth through seventh characters are 0. The eighth and ninth characters, 0 A, set the HEX attenuation value (see Table 14). The last two keystrokes of the command are ! .
Commands The following example adds 6 dB of attenuation to the receive path within the ODU: @ S R 0 0 0 0 0 4 ! The first three characters @ S R begin the command string for set receive attenuation. The fourth character, 0, defines the unit number, which is always zero. The fifth through seventh characters are 0. The eighth and ninth characters, 0 4, set the HEX attenuation value (see Table 15). The last two keystrokes of the command are ! .
Provisioning Table 15: Receive attenuation settings (Continued) Attenuator setting Attenuation inserted into receive path RSL at receiver using 2’ antenna RSL at receiver using 4’ antenna RSL at receiver using 6’ antenna (29 dB gain) (33 dB gain) (37 dB gain) 0D -24 dB -76 dBm -72 dBm -68 dBm 0E -28 dB -78 dBm -74 dBm -70 dBm 0F -30 dB -80 dBm -76 dBm -72 dBm 10 -32 dB -82 dBm -78 dBm -74dBm 15 -42 dB Below receive threshold -88 dBm (receive sensitivity for 10-8 BER) -84 dBm
Verifying the installation WARNING! Do not perform this command unless the antenna is clear of people, properly mounted, and connected to the ODU The following example sets the transmit and receive amplifiers to ON : @ S A 0 O N 0 0 0 ! The first three characters @ S A begins the command string for the set amplifiers command. The fourth character, 0, defines the unit number, which is always zero. The fifth and sixth characters are O N (letters), which set the amplifiers to ON.
Provisioning received. pw r d g ia o r pe io at na l D S3 d ra io l a oc After a link is established and the antenna alignment is complete, the status of the ODU including RSSI can be read using the dump status command. The QuickStatus command The QuickStatus command lets you check system status and verify system configuration. A R D Enter the @ sign, ? and at the -ODU-> prompt.The screen that is returned is shown below, and Table 17 explains what the output means.
The QuickStatus command Table 17: Status readout Meaning TSSI = _00 A HEX value for TSSI, which is the current transmit output level. This should be less than the Transmit Signal Strength Threshold. KTSSI=20 The HEX setting for transmit threshold constant is currently 20 PRIFREQ=A01 The primary frequency is channel A01 SECFREQ=A13 The secondary frequency is channel A13 TEMP=_00 A HEX value for the current temperature inside the IDU. KTEMP=20 The HEX setting for the temperature constant is 20.
Provisioning A R D FT 52 SkyZhone 45 Installation Guide
5 SYSTEM MAINTENANCE This chapter describes basic system maintenance. It contains the following sections: • Physical maintenance, page 53 • Diagnostics using the b byte, page 53 • IDU LEDs, page 55 A R D Physical maintenance The SkyZhone 45 system does not require any regular maintenance but it is important that you monitor the radio link at regular intervals to make sure that the radio and all the link components are operating properly and that the link conditions have not changed.
System Maintenance Table 18: b byte readout explanation b byte character Indication Possible solution 0 All OK Not applicable. 1 Indicate one or more of these conditions exists in the ODU: Loopback is on. No frequency set. Power amplifier not on. System in diagnostic mode. System in initialization sequence. Perform status dump for details. Double-check that provisioning was performed correctly.
IDU LEDs Table 18: b byte readout explanation (Continued) b byte character Indication A Not applicable B Indicates a combination of the conditions indicated by “1” and “2” plus synthesizer unlock. Likely a fatal error. Indicates a combination of voltage problems plus synthesizer unlock. Likely a fatal error. Indicates a combination of conditions in “1”, voltage problems and synthesizer unlock. Likely a fatal error.
System Maintenance re m ot ca l lo ra di o D S3 op er at g di a pw r e io na l Figure 17: Remote radio failure Local environmental alarms When there are environmental alarms, the LED display appears as shown in Figure 18. ot e re m ca l lo ra di o D S3 di a pw r g op er at io na l Figure 18: Local environmental alarms A R D Remote loopback test indication When a remote loopback test is being executed, the LED display appears as shown in Figure 19.
