User Manual Product Model : DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Release 1 ©Copyright 2005. All rights reserved.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch _____________________________________________________________________________ Information in this document is subject to change without notice. © 2005 D-Link Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of D-Link Computer Corporation is strictly forbidden.
Table of Contents Preface.............................................................................................................................................................................. vii Intended Readers ............................................................................................................................................................. viii Typographical Conventions.......................................................................................................
SNMP Settings ................................................................................................................................................................................ 22 IP Address Assignment.................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Web-based Switch Configuration .................................................................................................
Trunking ............................................................................................................................................................................78 Link Aggregation............................................................................................................................................................................. 80 LACP Port Setting .....................................................................................................................
VRRP Virtual Router Settings ....................................................................................................................................................... 148 VRRP Authentication Settings ...................................................................................................................................................... 151 IP Multicast Routing Protocol ................................................................................................................
IP-MAC Binding Port.................................................................................................................................................................... 235 IP-MAC Binding Table ................................................................................................................................................................. 236 IP-MAC Binding Blocked ..................................................................................................................
Reset ................................................................................................................................................................................272 Reset Config .................................................................................................................................................................................. 272 Reset System......................................................................................................................
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Preface The xStack DES-3800 Series User Manual is divided into sections that describe the system installation and operating instructions with examples. Section 1, Introduction - Describes the Switch and its features. Section 2, Installation- Helps you get started with the basic installation of the Switch and also describes the front panel, rear panel, side panels, and LED indicators of the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Intended Readers The xStack DES-3800 Series User Manual contains information for setup and management of the Switch. The term, “the Swich” will be used when referring to all three switches. This manual is intended for network managers familiar with network management concepts and terminology. Typographical Conventions Convention Description [] In a command line, square brackets indicate an optional entry.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Safety Instructions Use the following safety guidelines to ensure your own personal safety and to help protect your system from potential damage. Throughout this document, the caution icon ( ) is used to indicate cautions and precautions that you need to review and follow. Safety Cautions To reduce the risk of bodily injury, electrical shock, fire, and damage to the equipment, observe the following precautions.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch • 100 V/50 Hz in eastern Japan and 100 V/60 Hz in western Japan • 230 V/50 Hz in most of Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East • –48 VDC for DC power supply unit on DES-3828DC DC only • Also, be sure that attached devices are electrically rated to operate with the power available in your location. • Use only approved power cable(s).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch • Before working on the rack, make sure that the stabilizers are secured to the rack, extended to the floor, and that the full weight of the rack rests on the floor. Install front and side stabilizers on a single rack or front stabilizers for joined multiple racks before working on the rack. • Always load the rack from the bottom up, and load the heaviest item in the rack first.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 2. When transporting a sensitive component, first place it in an antistatic container or packaging. 3. Handle all sensitive components in a static-safe area. If possible, use antistatic floor pads, workbench pads and an antistatic grounding strap.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 1 Introduction xStack DES-3800 Series Gigabit Ethernet Technology Switch Description Features Ports Front-Panel Components Side Panel Description Rear Panel Description Gigabit Combo Ports xStack DES-3800 Series The DES-3800 series is a member of the D-Link xStack switch family. xStack is a complete family of stackable devices that ranges from edge 10/100Mbps switches to core Gigabit switches.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Switch Description The Switch is equipped with unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable ports providing dedicated 10 or 100 Mbps bandwidth. The Switch has 24 UTP ports and Auto MDI-X/MDI-II convertible ports that can be used for unlinking to another switch. These ports can be used for connecting PCs, printers, servers, hubs, routers, switches and other networking devices.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch • MIB support for: • RFC1213 MIB II • RFC1493 Bridge • RFC2819 RMON • RFC2665 Ether-like MIB • RFC2863 Interface MIB • Private MIB • RFC2674 for 802.1p • IEEE 802.1x MIB • IEEE 802.3x flow control in full duplex mode • IEEE 802.1p Priority Queues • IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX compliant • RS-232 DCE console port for Switch management • Provides parallel LED display for port status such as link/act, speed, etc.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch • IEEE 802.3x Flow Control support for Full-Duplex mode. NOTE: On DES-3828P, all 24 10/100BASE-TX ports also comply with the IEEE 802.3af standard. The Switch provides 2 1000 Base-T/SFP combo ports on the front panel. Both 1000BASE-T ports comply with the following standards: • IEEE 802.3 • IEEE 802.3u • IEEE 802.3ab • Support Full-Duplex operations • IEEE 802.3x Flow Control support for Full-Duplex mode • IEEE 802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch DES-3828P LEDs LED indicators display the status of the Switch and the network. The front panel of DES-3828P has LED indicators for power, console, RPS, 27GE (rear port), 28 GE (rear port), Link/Act/Speed, PoE, for each of the 24 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports, and for the two 1000BASE-T/SFP ports. Figure 1- 1.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 1- 2.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Ports 1-24 One row of LEDs for each port is located above the ports on the front panel. The first LED is for the top port and the second one is for the bottom ports.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch over all the power immediately and automatically. The AC power connector is a standard threepronged connector that supports the power cord. Plug-in the female connector of the provided power cord into this socket, and the male side of the cord into a power outlet. The Switch automatically adjusts its power setting to any supply voltage in the range from 100 ~ 240 VAC at 50 ~ 60 Hz.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 1- 6. Side Panels Gigabit Ports In addition to the 24 10/100 Mbps ports, the Switch features two 1000BASE-T/SFP Gigabit Ethernet Combo ports on the front panel, and two 1000BASE-T copper ports on the rear panel. The diagrams below show Gigabit ports 25 and 26 on the far right of the front panel. Gigabit ports 27 and 28 are on the far left of the rear panel.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch SECTION 2 Installation Package Contents Before You Connect to the Network Installing the Switch Without the Rack Rack Installation Power On Connecting DC Power to DES-3828DC RPS Installation Package Contents Open the shipping carton of the Switch and carefully unpack its contents.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch • Install the Switch in a site free from strong electromagnetic field generators (such as motors), vibration, dust, and direct exposure to sunlight. • When installing the Switch on a level surface, attach the rubber feet to the bottom of the device. The rubber feet cushion the Switch, protect the casing from scratches and prevent it from scratching other surfaces.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch out of the rack on its slide assemblies at one time. The weight of more than one extended component could cause the rack to tip over and may result in injury. Figure 2 - 3. Installing Switch in a rack Power On AC Power Plug one end of the AC power cord into the power connector of the Switch and the other end into the local power source outlet. After the Switch is powered on, the LED indicators will momentarily blink.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 2 - 4. Power connections attached to contacts on assembly 1. Firmly attach the DC power to the negative and positive contacts on the wiring assembly. • The negative pole (-) connects to the -48V contact. • The positive pole (+) connects to the -48V Return contact. • If available, earth ground may be connected to center contact post. 2. Tighten the contact screws so the connection is secure.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 2 - 5. Install DPS-200 in DPS-900 The RPS can be mounted in a standard 19" rack. Use the following diagram to guide you. Figure 2 - 6. Install DPS-900 in equipment rack CAUTION: Installing systems in a rack without the front and side stabilizers installed could cause the rack to tip over, potentially resulting in bodily injury under certain circumstances.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 2 - 7. Install DPS-200 in DPS-800 The RPS can be mounted in a standard 19" rack. Use the following diagram to guide you. Figure 2 - 8. Install DPS-800 in an Equipment Rack Connect to RPS The DPS-200 is connected to the Master Switch using a 14-pin DC power cable. A standard, threepronged AC power cable connects the redundant power supply to the main power source.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 2 - 9. The DES-3828 with the DPS-200 chassis RPS 1. Insert one end of the 14-pin DC power cable into the receptacle on the switch and the other end into the redundant power supply. 2. Using a standard AC power cable, connect the redundant power supply to the main AC power source. A green LED on the front of the DPS-200 will glow to indicate a successful connection. 3. Re-connect the switch to the AC power source.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch DES-3828P DPS-600 Figure 2 - 10.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 3 Connecting The Switch Switch To End Node Switch To Hub or Switch Connecting To Network Backbone or Server NOTE: All 24 high-performance NWay Ethernet ports can support both MDI-II and MDI-X connections. Switch To End Node End nodes include PCs outfitted with a 10, 100 or 1000 Mbps RJ 45 Ethernet/Fast Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) and most routers.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch • The Switch can be changed to PoE mode with the Mode Select button. When the Switch is in PoE Mode, DES-3828P works with all D-Link 802.3af capable devices. The Switch also works in PoE mode with all non-802.3af capable D-Link AP, IP Cam and IP phone equipment via DWL-P50. CROSSOVER CABLE Switch or Hub 1 3x 5x 7x 2x 4x 6x 8x STRAIGHT CABLE Figure 3- 2.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 4 Introduction To Switch Management Management Options Web-based Management Interface SNMP-Based Management Managing User Accounts Command Line Console Interface Through The Serial Port Connecting the Console Port (RS-232 DCE) First Time Connecting to The Switch Password Protection SNMP Settings IP Address Assignment Management Options This system may be managed out-of-band through the console port on the front panel or in-band
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 1. Connect the female connector of the RS-232 cable directly to the console port on the Switch, and tighten the captive retaining screws. 2. Connect the other end of the cable to a terminal or to the serial connector of a computer running terminal emulation software. Set the terminal emulation software as follows: 3. Select the appropriate serial port (COM port 1 or COM port 2). 4. Set the data rate to 9600 baud. 5.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 4- 1. Initial screen after first connection First Time Connecting to The Switch The Switch supports user-based security that can allow you to prevent unauthorized users from accessing the Switch or changing its settings. This section tells how to log onto the Switch. NOTE: The passwords used to access the Switch are case-sensitive; therefore, "S" is not the same as "s.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 4- 2. Command Prompt NOTE: The first user automatically gets Administrator level privileges. It is recommended to create at least one Admin-level user account for the Switch. Password Protection The Switch does not have a default user name and password. One of the first tasks when settings up the Switch is to create user accounts.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The sample below illustrates a successful creation of a new administrator-level account with the user name "newmanager". DES-3828:4#create account admin newmanager Command: create account admin newmanager Enter a case-sensitive new password:******** Enter the new password again for confirmation:******** Success.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The Switch allows groups of users to be listed and configured with a shared set of privileges. The SNMP version may also be set for a listed group of SNMP managers. Thus, you may create a group of SNMP managers that are allowed to view read-only information or receive traps using SNMP v.1 while assigning a higher level of security to another group, granting read/write privileges using SNMP v.3. Using SNMP v.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 4- 3. Show switch command The Switch's MAC address can also be found from the Web management program on the Switch Information (Basic Settings) window on the Configuration menu. The IP address for the Switch must be set before it can be managed with the Web-based manager. The Switch IP address can be automatically set using BOOTP or DHCP protocols, in which case the actual address assigned to the Switch must be known.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 4- 4. Assigning the Switch an IP Address In the above example, the Switch was assigned an IP address of 10.58.44.6 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0. The system message Success indicates that the command was executed successfully. The Switch can now be configured and managed via Telnet and the CLI or via the Web-based management.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 5 Web-based Switch Configuration Introduction Login To Web manager Web-Based User Interface Basic Setup Reboot Basic Switch Setup Network Management Switch Utilities Network Monitoring IGMP Snooping Status Introduction All software functions of the Switch can be managed, configured and monitored via the embedded web-based (HTML) interface.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 5- 1. Enter Network Password window Leave both the User Name field and the Password field blank and click OK. This will open the Webbased user interface. The Switch management features available in the web-based manager are explained below.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch the D-Link logo to go to the D-Link website. Area 2 Presents a graphical near real-time image of the front panel of the Switch. This area displays the Switch's ports and expansion modules, showing port activity, duplex mode, or flow control, depending on the specified mode. Various areas of the graphic can be selected for performing management functions, including port configuration.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 6 Administration Device Information IP Address PoE Port Configuration User Accounts Port Mirroring System Log Settings System Severity Settings SNTP Settings MAC Notification Settings TFTP Services Mulitple Image Services Ping Test SNMP Manager Single IP Management Settings Device Information The Device Information window contains the main settings for all major functions for the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 1.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The fields that can be configured are described below: Parameter Description Serial Port Auto Logout Time Select the logout time used for the console interface. This automatically logs the user out after an idle period of time, as defined. Choose from the following options: 2 Minutes, 5 Minutes, 10 Minutes, 15 Minutes or Never. The default setting is 10 minutes.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Jumbo Frame This field will enable or disable the Jumbo Frame function on the Switch. The default is Disabled. Syslog Global State Enables or disables Syslog State; default is Disabled. DVMRP State The user may globally enable or disable the Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) function by using the pull down menu.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 3. If you want to access the Switch from a different subnet from the one it is installed on, enter the IP address of the Default Gateway. If you will manage the Switch from the subnet on which it is installed, you can leave the default address (0.0.0.0) in this field. 4. If no VLANs have been previously configured on the Switch, you can use the default VLAN Name. The default VLAN contains all of the Switch ports as members.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch able to manage the Switch in-band unless their IP addresses are entered in the Security IP Management menu. If VLANs have not yet been configured for the Switch, the default VLAN contains all of the Switch's ports.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 3. Port Configuration window The following parameters can be configured: Parameter Description State Toggle the State field to either enable or disable a given port or group of ports. Speed/Duplex Toggle the Speed/Duplex field to either select the speed and duplex/halfduplex state of the port. Auto denotes auto-negotiation between 10 and 100 Mbps devices, in full- or half-duplex.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch automatically determine the fastest settings the device the port is connected to can handle, and then to use those settings. The other options are Auto, 10M/Half, 10M/Full, 100M/Half, 100M/Full and 1000/full. There is no automatic adjustment of port settings with any option other than Auto. Flow Control Displays the flow control scheme used for the various port configurations. Ports configured for full-duplex use 802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 4. Port Description Setting window Use the From and To pull down menu to choose a port or range of ports to describe, and then enter a description of the port(s). Click Apply to set the descriptions in the Port Description Table.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch PoE Configuration DES-3828P supports Power over Ethernet (PoE) as defined by the IEEE 802.3af specification. Ports 124 can supply 48 VDC power to PDs over Category 5 or Category 3 UTP Ethernet cables. DES-3828P follows the standard PSE pinout Alternative A, whereby power is sent out over pins 1,2,3 and 6. DES3828P works with all D-Link 802.3af capable devices. The Switch also works in PoE mode with all non-802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Deny Low Priority Port After the power limit has been exceeded, the next port attempting to power up causes the port with the lowest priority to shut down to allow the high-priority and critical priority ports to power up. Click Apply to implement the new PoE System changes.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 5.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The PoE Configuration portion of the window is used to configure the PoE port settings. The following parameters can be set: Parameter Description From/To Specifies a range of ports to be configured. State Enables or disables the PoE function.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Add a new user by typing in a User Name, and New Password and retype the same password in the Confirm New Password. Choose the level of privilege (Admin or User) from the Access Right dropdown menu. Figure 6- 8. User Accounts Modify Table window - Modify Modify or delete an existing user account in the User Account Modify Table. To delete the user account, click on the Delete button.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 9. Setup Port Mirroring window To configure a mirror port: 1. Select the Source Port from where you want to copy frames and the Target Port, which receives the copies from the source port. 2. Select the Source Direction, Ingress, Egress, or Both and change the Status drop-down menu to Enabled. 3. Click Apply to let the changes take effect.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The parameters configured for adding and editing System Log Server settings are the same. See the table below for a description. Figure 6- 11. System Log Server window – Add The following parameters can be set: Parameter Description Index Syslog server settings index (1-4). Server IP The IP address of the Syslog server. Severity This drop-down menu allows you to select the level of messages that will be sent.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 0 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 kernel messages user-level messages mail system system daemons security/authorization messages messages generated internally by syslog line printer subsystem network news subsystem UUCP subsystem clock daemon security/authorization messages FTP daemon NTP subsystem log audit log alert clock daemon local use 0 (local0) local use 1 (local1) local use 2 (local2) local use 3 (local
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch NOTE: You cannot mirror a fast port onto a slower port. For example, if you try to mirror the traffic from a 100 Mbps port onto a 10 Mbps port, this can cause throughput problems. The port you are copying frames from should always support an equal or lower speed than the port to which you are sending the copies. Also, the target port for the mirroring cannot be a member of a trunk group.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch SNTP Settings Time Settings To configure the time settings for the Switch, open the Administration folder. Then the SNTP Settings folder and click on the Time Settings link, revealing the following window for the user to configure. Figure 6- 14.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch SNTP Poll Interval in Seconds (30-99999) This is the interval, in seconds, between requests for updated SNTP information. Current Time: Set Current Time Year Enter the current year, if you want to update the system clock. Month Enter the current month, if you would like to update the system clock. Day Enter the current day, if you would like to update the system clock.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 15. Time Zone and DST Settings window The following parameters can be set: Parameter Description Time Zone and DST Settings Daylight Saving Time State Use this pull-down menu to enable or disable the DST Settings. Daylight Saving Time Offset in Minutes Use this pull-down menu to specify the amount of time that will constitute your local DST offset - 30, 60, 90, or 120 minutes.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch HH:MM DST Repeating Settings - Using repeating mode will enable DST seasonal time adjustment. Repeating mode requires that the DST beginning and ending date be specified using a formula. For example, specify to begin DST on Saturday during the second week of April and end DST on Sunday during the last week of October. From: Which Day Enter the week of the month that DST will start.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 16.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Global Settings The following parameters may be viewed and modified: Parameter Description State Enable or disable MAC notification globally on the Switch Interval (sec) The time in seconds between notifications. History size The maximum number of entries listed in the history log used for notification. Up to 500 entries can be specified.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Active Select a service for the TFTP server to perform from the drop down window: • Download Firmware - Enter the IP address of the TFTP server and specify the location of the new firmware on the TFTP server. Click Start to record the IP address of the TFTP server and to initiate the file transfer.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 18. Firmware Information window This window holds the following information: Parameter Description ID States the image ID number of the firmware in the Switch’s memory. The Switch can store 2 firmware images for use. Image ID 1 will be the default boot up firmware for the Switch unless otherwise configured by the user. Version States the firmware version. Size States the size of the corresponding firmware, in bytes.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Ping Test Ping is a small program that sends ICMP Echo packets to the IP address you specify. The destination node then responds to or "echoes" the packets sent from the Switch. This is very useful to verify connectivity between the Switch and other nodes on the network. Figure 6- 19.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch In SNMP v.1 and v.2, user authentication is accomplished using 'community strings', which function like passwords. The remote user SNMP application and the Switch SNMP must use the same community string. SNMP packets from any station that has not been authenticated are ignored (dropped). The default community strings for the Switch used for SNMP v.1 and v.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch In the SNMP Manager folder, located in the Administration folder, click on the SNMP User Table link. This will open the SNMP User Table window, as shown below. Figure 6- 20. SNMP User Table window To delete an existing SNMP User Table entry, click the X below the Delete heading corresponding to the entry you wish to delete. To display the detailed entry for a given user, click on the hyperlinked User Name.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Priv-Protocol None - Indicates that no authorization protocol is in use. DES - Indicates that DES 56-bit encryption is in use based on the CBC-DES (DES56) standard. To return to the SNMP User Table, click the Show All SNMP User Table Entries link. To add a new entry to the SNMP User Table Configuration window, click on the Add button on the SNMP User Table window. This will open the SNMP User Table Configuration window, as shown below.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch able in SNMP V3 mode. To implement changes made, click Apply. To return to the SNMP User Table, click the Show All SNMP User Table Entries link. SNMP View Table The SNMP View Table is used to assign views to community strings that define which MIB objects can be accessed by a remote SNMP manager. To view the SNMP View Table window, open the SNMP Manager folder under Administration and click the SNMP View Table entry.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The SNMP Group created with this table maps SNMP users (identified in the SNMP User Table) to the views created in the previous window. The following parameters can set: Parameter Description View Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters. This is used to identify the new SNMP view being created. Subtree OID Type the Object Identifier (OID) Subtree for the view.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 26. SNMP Group Table Configuration window To add a new entry to the Switch's SNMP Group Table, click the Add button in the upper left-hand corner of the SNMP Group Table window. This will open the SNMP Group Table Configuration window, as shown below. Figure 6- 27. SNMP Group Table Configuration window The following parameters can set: Parameter Description Group Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to 32 characters.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Security Model SNMPv1 - Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used. SNMPv2 - Specifies that SNMP version 2c will be used. The SNMPv2 supports both centralized and distributed network management strategies. It includes improvements in the Structure of Management Information (SMI) and adds some security features. SNMPv3 - Specifies that the SNMP version 3 will be used.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 28. SNMP Community Table Configuration window The following parameters can set: Parameter Description Community Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to 33 characters that is used to identify members of an SNMP community. This string is used like a password to give remote SNMP managers access to MIB objects in the Switch's SNMP agent.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 29. SNMP Host Table window To add a new entry to the Switch's SNMP Host Table, click the Add button in the upper left-hand corner of the window. This will open the SNMP Host Table Configuration window, as shown below. Figure 6- 30.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch SNMP Engine ID The Engine ID is a unique identifier used for SNMP V3 implementations. This is an alphanumeric string used to identify the SNMP engine on the Switch. To display the Switch's SNMP Engine ID, open the SNMP Manger folder, (located in the Administration) folder and click on the SNMP Engine ID link. This will open the SNMP Engine ID Configuration window, as shown below. Figure 6- 31.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The following parameters can be set: Parameters Description SIM State Use the pull-down menu to either enable or disable the SIM state on the Switch. Disabled will render all SIM functions on the Switch inoperable. Role State Use the pull-down menu to change the SIM role of the Switch. The two choices are: Candidate - A Candidate Switch (CaS) is not the member of a SIM group but is connected to a Commander Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 7 Layer 2 Features VLAN Trunking IGMP Snooping Spanning Tree Forwarding The following section will aid the user in configuring security functions for the Switch. The Switch includes various functions for VLAN, Trunking, IGMP Snooping, Spanning Tree, and Forwarding, all discussed in detail in the following section. VLANs Understanding IEEE 802.1p Priority Priority tagging is a function defined by the IEEE 802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch VLAN Description A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a network topology configured according to a logical scheme rather than the physical layout. VLANs can be used to combine any collection of LAN segments into an autonomous user group that appears as a single LAN. VLANs also logically segment the network into different broadcast domains so that packets are forwarded only between ports within the VLAN.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch headers. The tagging feature allows VLANs to span multiple 802.1Q-compliant switches through a single physical connection and allows Spanning Tree to be enabled on all ports and work normally. The IEEE 802.1Q standard restricts the forwarding of untagged packets to the VLAN the receiving port is a member of. The main characteristics of IEEE 802.1Q are as follows: • Assigns packets to VLANs by filtering.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 2. IEEE 802.1Q Tag The EtherType and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address, but before the original EtherType/Length or Logical Link Control. Because the packet is now a bit longer than it was originally, the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) must be recalculated. Figure 7- 3. Adding an IEEE 802.1Q Tag Port VLAN ID Packets that are tagged (are carrying the 802.1Q VID information) can be transmitted from one 802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch packet's destination address (found in the Switch's forwarding table). If the PVID of the port that received the packet is different from the PVID of the port that is to transmit the packet, the Switch will drop the packet. Within the Switch, different PVIDs mean different VLANs (remember that two VLANs cannot communicate without an external router).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch dropped. If it has the same VID, the packet is forwarded and the destination port transmits it on its attached network segment. This process is referred to as ingress filtering and is used to conserve bandwidth within the Switch by dropping packets that are not on the same VLAN as the ingress port at the point of reception. This eliminates the subsequent processing of packets that will just be dropped by the destination port.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch selective forwarding feature based on VLAN criteria is how VLANs segment networks. The key point being that Port 1 will only transmit on VLAN 2. Network resources such as printers and servers however, can be shared across VLANs. This is achieved by setting up overlapping VLANs. That is ports can belong to more than one VLAN group. For example, setting VLAN 1 members to ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 and VLAN 2 members to ports 1, 5, 6, and 7.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 6. 802.1Q Static VLAN window - Add To return to the Current 802.1Q Static VLANs Entries window, click the Show All Static VLAN Entries link. To change an existing 802.1Q VLAN entry, click the Modify button of the corresponding entry you wish to modify. A new menu will appear to configure the port settings and to assign a unique name and number to the new VLAN.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 7. 802.1Q Static VLAN window - Modify The following fields can then be set in either the Add or Modify 802.1Q Static VLANs windows: Parameter Description VID (VLAN ID) Allows the entry of a VLAN ID in the Add window, or displays the VLAN ID of an existing VLAN in the Modify window. VLANs can be identified by either the VID or the VLAN name.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Click Apply to implement changes made. GVRP Setting In the Administration menu, open the VLAN folder and click GVRP Settings. The 802.1Q Port Settings window, shown below, allows you to determine whether the Switch will share its VLAN configuration information with other GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) enabled switches.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 8. 802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch From/To These two fields allow you to specify the range of ports that will be included in the Port-based VLAN that you are creating using the 802.1Q Port Settings window. PVID The read-only field in the 802.1Q Port Table shows the current PVID assignment for each port, which may be manually assigned to a VLAN when created in the 802.1Q Port Settings table.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 9. Example of Port Trunk Group The Switch treats all ports in a trunk group as a single port. Data transmitted to a specific host (destination address) will always be transmitted over the same port in a trunk group. This allows packets in a data stream to arrive in the same order they were sent.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch and in determining the state of the link aggregation group. If two redundant link aggregation groups are configured on the Switch, STP will block one entire group; in the same way STP will block a single port that has a redundant link. Link Aggregation To configure port trunking, click on the Link Aggregation hyperlink in the Trunking folder under Administration to bring up the following window: Figure 7- 10.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 12. Link Aggregation Settings window - Modify The user-changeable parameters are as follows: Parameter Description Group ID Select an ID number for the group, between 1 and 32. State Trunk groups can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled. This is used to turn a port trunking group on or off.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch After setting the previous parameters, click Apply to allow your changes to be implemented. Successfully created trunk groups will be show in the Current Link Aggregation Group Entries table as seen in Figure 6-8. LACP Port Setting The LACP Port Setting window is used in conjunction with the Link Aggregation window to create port trunking groups on the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 13.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch From/To A consecutive group of ports may be configured starting with the selected port. Mode Active - Active LACP ports are capable of processing and sending LACP control frames. This allows LACP compliant devices to negotiate the aggregated link so the group may be changed dynamically as needs require.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 15. IGMP Snooping Settings window The following parameters may be viewed or modified: Parameter Description VLAN ID This is the VLAN ID that, along with the VLAN Name, identifies the VLAN the user wishes to modify the IGMP Snooping Settings for. VLAN Name This is the VLAN Name that, along with the VLAN ID, identifies the VLAN the user wishes to modify the IGMP Snooping Settings for.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch membership in a multicast group without the Switch receiving a host membership report. Default = 260. Route Timeout This is the maximum amount of time in seconds a route is kept in the forwarding table without receiving a membership report. Default = 260. Leave Timer This specifies the maximum amount of time in seconds between the Switch receiving a leave group message from a host, and the Switch issuing a group membership query.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 17. Static Router Ports Settings window The following parameters can be set: Parameter Description VID (VLAN ID) This is the VLAN ID that, along with the VLAN Name, identifies the VLAN where the multicast router is attached. VLAN Name This is the name of the VLAN where the multicast router is attached. Member Ports Ports on the Switch that will have a multicast router attached to them.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch CIST will automatically determine each MSTP region, its maximum possible extent and will appear as one virtual bridge that runs a single spanning tree.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch results in faster detection of failed links, and thus faster topology adjustment. A drawback of 802.1d is this absence of immediate feedback from adjacent bridges. 802.1d MSTP Disabled Discarding Discarding Learning Forwarding 802.1w RSTP Disabled Discarding Discarding Learning Forwarding 802.1d STP Disabled Blocking Listening Learning Forwarding Forwarding No No No No Yes Learning No No No Yes Yes Table 7- 1.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 18. STP Bridge Global Settings window – RSTP (default) Figure 7- 19. STP Bridge Global Settings window - MSTP Figure 7- 20.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch NOTE: The Hello Time cannot be longer than the Max. Age. Otherwise, a configuration error will occur. Observe the following formulas when setting the above parameters: Max. Age <= 2 x (Forward Delay - 1 second) Max.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch MST Configuration Identification The following screens in the MST Configuration Identification window allow the user to configure a MSTI instance on the Switch. These settings will uniquely identify a multiple spanning tree instance set on the Switch. The Switch initially possesses one CIST or Common Internal Spanning Tree of which the user may modify the parameters for but cannot change the MSTI ID for, and cannot be deleted.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 22. Instance ID Settings window – Add The user may configure the following parameters to create a MSTI in the Switch. Parameter Description MSTI ID Enter a number between 1 and 15 to set a new MSTI on the Switch. Type Create is selected to create a new MSTI. No other choices are available for this field when creating a new MSTI.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch conjunction with the VID List parameter. VID List (1-4094) This field is used to specify the VID range from configured VLANs set on the Switch. Supported VIDs on the Switch range from ID number 1 to 4094. This field is inoperable when configuring the CIST. Click Apply to implement changes made.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch lower priority values mean higher priorities for forwarding packets. To view the following window, click Layer 2 Features > Spanning Tree > MSTP Port Information: Figure 7- 25. MSTP Port Information window To view the MSTI settings for a particular port, select the Port number, located in the top left hand corner of the screen and click Apply.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Priority Enter a value between 0 and 240 to set the priority for the port interface. A higher priority will designate the interface to forward packets first. A lower number denotes a higher priority. Click Apply to implement changes made. STP Instance Settings The following window displays MSTIs currently set on the Switch. To view the following table, click Layer 2 Features > Spanning Tree > STP Instance Settings: Figure 7- 27.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch MSTI ID Displays the MSTI ID of the instance being Modified. An entry of 0 in this field denotes the CIST (default MSTI). Type The Type field in this window will be permanently set to Set Priority Only. Priority (0-61440) Enter the new priority in the Priority field Click Apply to implement the new priority setting. STP Port Settings STP can be set up on a port per port basis.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 29. STP Port Settings window In addition to setting Spanning Tree parameters for use on the switch level, the Switch allows for the configuration of groups of ports, each port-group of which will have its own spanning tree, and will require some of its own configuration settings. An STP Group will use the switch-level parameters entered above, with the addition of Port Priority and Port Cost.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Parameter Description From/To A consecutive group of ports may be configured starting with the selected port. External Cost < 0 = Auto> This defines a metric that indicates the relative cost of forwarding packets to the specified port list. Port cost can be set automatically or as a metric value. The default value is 0 (auto).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 30. STP Port Instance Information To view a previously created STP Port instance, enter the instance ID in the Instance field and click Apply. The Instance Information will be displayed.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Forwarding Unicast Forwarding Open the Forwarding folder in the Layer 2 Features menu and click on the Unicast Forwarding link. Figure 7- 31. Setup Static Unicast Forwarding Table window To add or edit an entry, define the following parameters and then click Add/Modify: Parameter Description VLAN ID (VID) The VLAN ID number of the VLAN on which the above Unicast MAC address resides.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 7- 33. Setup Static Multicast Forwarding Table window The following parameters can be set: Parameter Description VID The VLAN ID of the VLAN the corresponding MAC address belongs to. Multicast MAC Address The MAC address of the static source of multicast packets. This must be a multicast MAC address.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 8 Layer 3 Features IP Interface Settings MD5 Key Settings Route Redistribution Settings Static/Dynamic Route Setings Route Preference Settings Static ARP Settings RIP OSPF DCHP/BOOTP Relay DNS Relay VRRP IP Multicast Routing Settings The following section will aid the user in configuring security functions for the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch address for an IP interface on the switch. For this example, we have chosen the next IP address above the network address for the IP interface’s IP Address: VLAN Name System (default) Engineer Marketing Finance Sales Backbone VID 1 2 3 4 5 6 Network Number 10.32.0.0 10.64.0.0 10.96.0.0 10.128.0.0 10.160.0.0 10.192.0.0 IP Address 10.32.0.1 10.64.0.1 10.96.0.1 10.128.0.1 10.160.0.1 10.192.0.1 Table 8- 2.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 3. IP Interface Settings - Edit Enter a name for the new interface to be added in the Interface Name field (if you are editing an IP interface, the Interface Name will already be in the top field as seen in the window above). Enter the interface’s IP address and subnet mask in the corresponding fields. Pull the State pull-down menu to Enabled and click Apply to enter to make the IP interface effective.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch MD5 Key Table Configuration The MD5 Key Table Configuration menu allows the entry of a 16 character Message Digest − version 5 (MD5) key which can be used to authenticate every packet exchanged between OSPF routers. It is used as a security mechanism to limit the exchange of network topology information to the OSPF routing domain. MD5 Keys created here can be used in the OSPF menu below.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Internal External ExtType1 ExtType2 Inter-E1 Inter-E2 RIP 0 to 16777214 Type 1 Type 2 Static 0 to 16777214 Type 1 Type 2 Local 0 to 16777214 Type 1 Type 2 Table 8- 3. Route Redistribution Source table Entering the Type combination − internal type_1 type_2 is functionally equivalent to all. Entering the combination type_1 type_2 is functionally equivalent to external.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch RIP routing protocol. The user may specify a cost between 0 and 16. Click Add/Modify to implement changes made. NOTE: The source protocol (Src. Protocol) entry and the destination protocol (Dst. Protocol) entry cannot be the same. Static/Default Route Settings Entries into the Switch’s forwarding table can be made using both MAC addresses and IP addresses.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 7. Static/Default Route Settings – Add window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description IP Address Allows the entry of an IP address that will be a static entry into the Switch’s Routing Table. Subnet Mask Allows the entry of a subnet mask corresponding to the IP address above. Gateway IP Allows the entry of an IP address of a gateway for the IP address above.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 8. Static ARP Settings window To add a new entry, click the Add button, revealing the following window to configure: Figure 8- 9. Static ARP Table – Add a New Entry window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description IP Address The IP address of the ARP entry. MAC Address The MAC address of the ARP entry.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch RIP measures distance by an integer count of the number of hops from one network to another. A router is one hop from a directly connected network, two hops from a network that can be reached through a router, etc. The more routers between a source and a destination, the greater the RIP distance (or hop count). There are a few rules to the routing table update process that help to improve performance and stability.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 10 Update Response 11 Update Acknowledgement RIP Command Codes The field VERSION contains the protocol version number (1 in this case), and is used by the receiver to verify which version of RIP the packet was sent. RIP 1 Message RIP is not limited to TCP/IP. Its address format can support up to 14 octets (when using IP, the remaining 10 octets must be zeros).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 10. RIP Global Settings window To enable RIP, simply use the pull-down menu, select Enabled and click Apply. RIP Interface Settings RIP settings are configured for each IP interface on the Switch. Click the RIP Interface Settings link in the RIP folder. The menu appears in table form listing settings for IP interfaces currently on the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Parameter Description Interface Name The name of the IP interface on which RIP is to be setup. This interface must be previously configured on the Switch. IP Address The IP address corresponding to the Interface Name showing in the field above. TX Mode Toggle among Disabled, V1 Only, V1 Compatible, and V2 Only. This entry specifies which version of the RIP protocol will be used to transmit RIP packets.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Link-State Algorithm An OSPF router uses a link-state algorithm to build a shortest path tree to all destinations known to the router. The following is a simplified description of the algorithm’s steps: • When OSPF is started, or when a change in the routing information changes, the router generates a link-state advertisement.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 13. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree Router A 0 128.213.0.0 10 10 Router B 5 Router C 5 192.213.11.0 10 Router D 10 222.211.10.0 Figure 8- 14. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree The diagram above shows the network from the viewpoint of Router A. Router A can reach 192.213.11.0 through Router B with a cost of 10 + 5 = 15. Router A can reach 222.211.10.0 through Router C with a cost of 10 + 10 = 20.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Router A 0 128.213.0.0 10 Router B 10 Router C 10 5 192.213.11.0 222.211.10.0 Figure 8- 15. Constructing a Shortest Path Tree - Completed Note that this shortest path tree is only from the viewpoint of Router A. The cost of the link from Router B to Router A, for instance is not important to constructing Router A’s shortest path tree, but is very important when Router B is constructing its shortest path tree.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch • Network Link-State Updates – Issued by multi-access areas that have more than one attached router. One router is elected as the Designated Router (DR) and this router issues the network link-state updates describing every router on the segment. • External Link-State Updates – Issued by an Autonomous System Border Router and describes routes to destinations outside the AS or a default route to the outside AS.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Virtual Links Virtual links accomplish two purposes: • Linking an area that does not have a physical connection to the backbone. • Patching the backbone in case there is a discontinuity in area 0. Areas Not Physically Connected to Area 0 All areas of an OSPF network should have a physical connection to the backbone, but is some cases it is not possible to physically connect a remote area to the backbone.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch failure). All other routers on the segment will then contact the DR for link-state database updates and exchanges. This limits the bandwidth required for link-state database updates. Designated Router Election The election of the DR and BDR is accomplished using the Hello protocol. The router with the highest OSPF priority on a given multi-access segment will become the DR for that segment.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch All OSPF packets (except for Hello packets) forward link-state advertisements. Link-State Update packets, for example, flood advertisements throughout the OSPF routing domain. • OSPF packet header • Hello packet • Database Description packet • Link-State Request packet • Link-State Update packet • Link-State Acknowledgment packet OSPF Packet Header Every OSPF packet is preceded by a common 24-byte header.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch A 64-bit field used by the authentication scheme. Authentication Hello Packet Hello packets are OSPF packet type 1. They are sent periodically on all interfaces, including virtual links, in order to establish and maintain neighbor relationships. In addition, Hello Packets are multicast on those physical networks having a multicast or broadcast capability, enabling dynamic discovery of neighboring routers.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch silent router as down. Designated Router The identity of the DR for this network, in the view of the advertising router. The DR is identified here by its IP interface address on the network. Backup Designated Router The identity of the Backup Designated Router (BDR) for this network. The BDR is identified here by its IP interface address on the network. This field is set to 0.0.0.0 if there is no BDR.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Description packets will follow. MS - bit The Master Slave bit. When set to 1, this indicates that the router is the master during the Database Exchange process. A zero indicates the opposite. DD Sequence Number User to sequence the collection of Database Description Packets. The initial value (indicated by the Initial bit being set) should be unique.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Link-State Update Packet Link-State Update packets are OSPF packet type 4. These packets implement the flooding of link-state advertisements. Each Link-State Update packet carries a collection of link-state advertisements one hop further from its origin. Several link-state advertisements may be included in a single packet. Link-State Update packets are multicast on those physical networks that support multicast/broadcast.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Link-State Acknowledgment Packet Version No. Packet Length 5 Router ID Area ID Checksum Authentication Type Authentication Authentication Link-State Advertisement Header ... Figure 8- 21. Link State Acknowledge Packet Each acknowledged link-state advertisement is described by its link-state advertisement header.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Link-State Advertisement Header Link-State Age Options Link-State Type Link-State ID Advertising Router Link-State Sequence Number Link-State Checksum Length Figure 8- 22. Link State Advertisement Header Field Description Link State Age The time is seconds since the link state advertisement was originated. Options The optional capabilities supported by the described portion of the routing domain.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Routers Links Advertisements Link-State Age Options Link-State Type Link-State ID Advertising Router Link-State Sequence Number Link-State Checksum Reserved V E B Length Reserved Number of Links Link ID Link Data Type TOS No. Of TOS TOS 0 Metric 0 Metric ... TOS 0 Metric ... Link ID Link Data Figure 8- 23.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch a stub network. The values of all the other fields describing a router link depend on the link’s Type. For example, each link has an associated 32-bit data field. For links to stub networks, this field specifies the network’s IP address mask. For other link types, the Link Data specifies the router’s associated IP interface address. Field Description Type A quick classification of the router link.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Network Links Advertisements Network links advertisements are Type 2 link state advertisements. A network links advertisement is originated for each transit network in the area. A transit network is a multi-access network that has more than one attached router. The network links advertisement is originated by the network’s Designated router.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Summary Link Advertisements Link-State Age 2 Options Link-State ID Advertising Router Link-State Sequence Number Link-State Checksum Length Network Mask TOS Metric Figure 8- 25. Summary Link Advertisements For stub area, Type 3 summary link advertisements can also be used to describe a default route on a per-area basis. Default summary routes are used in stub area instead of flooding a complete set of external routes.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch AS External Link Advertisements Link-State Age 5 Options Link-State ID Advertising Router Link-State Sequence Number Link-State Checksum Length Network Mask E TOS Metric Forwarding Address External Route Tag Figure 8- 26. AS External Link Advertisements Field Description Network Mask The IP address mask for the advertised destination. E - bit The type of external metric.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 27. OSPF General Setup window The following parameters are used for general OSPF configuration: Parameter Description OSPF Route ID A 32-bit number (in the same format as an IP address − xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) that uniquely identifies the Switch in the OSPF domain. It is common to assign the highest IP address assigned to the Switch (router). In this case, it would be 10.53.13.189, but any unique 32-bit number will do. If 0.0.0.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch drop-down menu and determine the Stub Default Cost. Click the Add/Modify button to add the area ID set to the table. in the Delete column for the configuration. To remove an Area ID configuration set, simply click To change an existing set in the list, type the Area ID of the set you want to change, make the changes and click the Add/Modify button. The modified OSPF area ID will appear in the table. Figure 8- 29.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 30. OSPF Interface Settings window Figure 8- 31. OSPF Interface Settings - Edit window Configure each IP interface individually using the OSPF Interface Settings - Edit menu. Click the Apply button when you have entered the settings. The new configuration appears listed in the OSPF Interface Settings table. To return to the OSPF Interface Settings table, click the Show All OSPF Interface Entries link.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Area ID Allows the entry of an OSPF Area ID configured above. Router Priority (0255) Allows the entry of a number between 0 and 255 representing the OSPF priority of the selected area. If a Router Priority of 0 is selected, the Switch cannot be elected as the Designated Router for the network. Hello Interval (165535) Allows the specification of the interval between the transmission of OSPF Hello packets, in seconds.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch OSPF Virtual Link Settings Click the OSPF Virtual Interface Settings link to view the current OSPF Virtual Interface Settings. There are not virtual interface settings configured by default, so the first time this table is viewed there will be not interfaces listed. To add a new OSPF virtual interface configuration set to the table, click the Add button. A new menu appears (see below).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 34. OSPF Virtual Link Settings - Edit Configure the following parameters if you are adding or changing an OSPF Virtual Interface: Parameter Description Transit Area ID Allows the entry of an OSPF Area ID − previously defined on the Switch − that allows a remote area to communicate with the backbone (area 0). A Transit Area cannot be a Stub Area or a Backbone Area. Neighbor Router The OSPF router ID for the remote router.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch NOTE: For OSPF to function properly some settings should be identical on all participating OSPF devices. These settings include the Hello Interval and Dead Interval. For networks using authorization for OSPF devices, the Authorization Type and Password or Key used must likewise be identical.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Use the following parameters to configure the following settings for OSPF Area Aggregation: Parameter Description Area ID Allows the entry the OSPF Area ID for which the routing information will be aggregated. This Area ID must be previously defined on the Switch. Network Number Sometimes called the Network Address.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 38. OSPF Host Route Settings - Add Figure 8- 39. OSPF Host Route Settings - Edit Specify the host route settings and click the Apply button to add or change the settings. The new settings will appear listed in the OSPF Host Route Settings list. To view the previous window, click the Show All OSPF Host Route Entries link to return to the previous window.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 40. DHCP/ BOOTP Relay Global Settings window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Relay State This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled using the pull-down menu. It is used to enable or disable the DHCP/BOOTP Relay service on the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch option 82 field. Check Enabled– When the field is toggled to Enable, the relay agent will check the validity of the packet’s option 82 field. If the switch receives a packet that contains the option-82 field from a DHCP client, the switch drops the packet because it is invalid. In packets received from DHCP servers, the relay agent will drop invalid messages.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch b. c. d. e. f. Length Circuit ID type Length VLAN: the incoming VLAN ID of DHCP client packet. Module: For a standalone switch, the Module is always 0; For a stackable switch, the Module is the Unit ID. g. Port: The incoming port number of DHCP client packet, port number starts from 1. Remote ID sub-option format: 1. 2. 2 1 byte 8 1 byte 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 3. 0 1 byte 4. 6 1 byte 5.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Interface The IP interface on the Switch that will be connected directly to the Server. Server IP Enter the IP address of the DHCP/BOOTP server. Up to four server IPs can be configured per IP Interface DNS Relay Computer users usually prefer to use text names for computers for which they may want to open a connection. Computers themselves, require 32 bit IP addresses.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 43. DNS Relay Global Settings window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description DNS State This field can be toggled between Disabled and Enabled using the pull-down menu, and is used to enable or disable the DNS Relay service on the Switch. Primary Name Server Allows the entry of the IP address of a primary domain name server (DNS).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch To add an entry into the DNS Relay Static Table, simply enter a Domain Name with its corresponding IP address and click Add under the Apply heading. A successful entry will be presented in the table below, as shown in the example above. To erase an entry from the table, click the corresponding of the entry you wish to delete.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch VRRP Virtual Router Settings The following window will allow the user to view the parameters for the VRRP function on the Switch. To view this window, click Layer 3 Features > VRRP > VRRP Virtual Router Settings: Figure 8- 46. VRRP Virtual Router Settings window The following fields are displayed in the window above: Parameter VRID / Interface Name Description VRID - Displays the virtual router ID set by the user.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 47. VRRP Interface Settings - Add Or, the user may click the hyperlinked Interface Name to view the same window: The following parameters may be set to configure an existing or new VRRP interface. Parameter Description Interface Name Enter the name of a previously configured IP interface to create a VRRP entry for. This IP interface must be assigned to a VLAN on the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch disable the backup router from becoming the Master router. This setting must be consistent with all routers participating within the same VRRP group. The default setting is True. Critical IP Address Enter the IP address of the physical device that will provide the most direct route to the Internet or other critical network connections from this virtual router. This must be a real IP address of a real device on the network.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Authentication type Displays the type of authentication used to compare VRRP packets received by a virtual router. Possible authentication types include: • No authentication - No authentication has been selected to compare VRRP packets received by a virtual router. • Simple Text Password - A Simple password has been selected to compare VRRP packets received by a virtual router, for authentication.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 49. VRRP Authentication Settings window To configure the authentication for a pre-created interface, click its hyperlinked name, revealing the following window to configure: Figure 8- 50. VRRP Authentication Settings – Edit window The following parameters may be viewed or configured: Parameter Description Interface Name The name of a previously created IP interface for which to configure the VRRP authentication.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch IP Multicast Routing Protocol The functions supporting IP multicasting are added under the IP Multicast Routing Protocol folder, from the Layer 3 Features folder. IGMP, DVMRP, and PIM-DM can be enabled or disabled on the Switch without changing the individual protocol’s configuration.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch IGMP packets enable multicast routers to keep track of the membership of multicast groups, on their respective subnetworks. The following outlines what is communicated between a multicast router and a multicast group member using IGMP. A host sends an IGMP “report” to join a group A host will never send a report when it wants to leave a group (for version 1).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 53. IGMP Interface Table Figure 8- 54. IGMP Interface Configuration window This window allows the configuration of IGMP for each IP interface configured on the Switch. IGMP can be configured as Version 1, 2 by toggling the Version field using the pull-down menu. The length of time between queries can be varied by entering a value between 1 and 31,744 seconds in the Query Interval field.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Max Response Time Sets the maximum amount of time allowed before sending an IGMP response report. A value between 1 and 25 seconds can be entered, with a default of 10 seconds. Robustness Variable A tuning variable to allow for subnetworks that are expected to lose a large number of packets. A value between 1 and 255 can be entered, with larger values being specified for subnetworks that are expected to lose larger numbers of packets.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 55. DVMRP Global Settings window Use the pull down menu, choose Enabled, and click Apply to implement the DVMRP function on the Switch. DVMRP Interface Settings To view the DVMRP Interface Table, click Layer 3 Features > IP Multicast Routing Protocol > DVMRP Interface Settings. This menu allows the Distance-Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) to be configured for each IP interface defined on the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Neighbor Timeout Interval (1-65535) This field allows an entry between 1 and 65,535 seconds and defines the time period DVMRP will hold Neighbor Router reports before issuing poison route messages. The default is 35 seconds. Probe Interval (165535) This field allows an entry between 1 and 65,535 seconds and defines the interval between ‘probes’. The default is 10.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch PIM-DM Interface Configuration To view the PIM-DM Table, click Layer 3 Features > IP Multicast Routing Protocol > PIM-DM > PIM-DM Interface Settings. This window allows the PIM-DM to be configured for each IP interface defined on the Switch. Each IP interface configured on the Switch is displayed in the below PIM-DM Interface Settings dialog box.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch State This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled using the pull-down menu, and is used to enable or disable PIM-DM for the IP interface. The default is Disabled. Click Apply to implement changes made. Click Show All PIM-DM Interface Entries to return to the PIM-DM Interface Table.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 9 QoS Bandwidth Control QoS Scheduling Mechanism QoS Output Scheduling 802.1P Default Priority 802.1P User Priority The DES-3800 Series supports 802.1p priority queuing Quality of Service. The following section discusses the implementation of QoS (Quality of Service) and benefits of using 802.1p priority queuing. Advantages of QoS QoS is an implementation of the IEEE 802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The picture above shows the default priority setting for the Switch. Class-7 has the highest priority of the eight priority queues on the Switch. In order to implement QoS, the user is required to instruct the Switch to examine the header of a packet to see if it has the proper identifying tag tagged. Then the user may forward these tagged packets to designated queues on the Switch where they will be emptied, based on priority.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Port Bandwidth The bandwidth control settings are used to place a ceiling on the transmitting and receiving data rates for any selected port. In the QoS folder, click Port Bandwidth, to view the window shown below. Figure 9- 2.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch From/To A consecutive group of ports may be configured starting with the selected port. Type This drop-down menu allows you to select between RX (receive), TX (transmit), and Both. This setting will determine whether the bandwidth ceiling is applied to receiving, transmitting, or both receiving and transmitting packets. no_limit This drop-down menu allows you to specify that the selected port will have no bandwidth limit.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch distribution in priority classes of service. Click Apply to implement changes made. NOTE: The settings you assign to the queues, numbers 0-7, represent the IEEE 802.1p priority tag number. Do not confuse these settings with port numbers. 802.1p Default Priority The Switch allows the assignment of a default 802.1p priority to each port on the Switch. In the QoS folder, click 802.1p Default Priority, to view the window shown below.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 9- 4. 802.1p Default Priority Settings window This window allows you to assign a default 802.1p priority to any given port on the Switch. The priority queues are numbered from 0, the lowest priority, to 7, the highest priority. Click Apply to implement your settings.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 802.1p User Priority The DES-3800 Series allows the assignment of a user priority to each of the 802.1p priorities. In the QoS folder, click 802.1p User Priority, to view the screen shown below. Figure 9- 5. QoS Class of Traffic window Once you have assigned a priority to the port groups on the Switch, you can then assign this Class to each of the 8 levels of 802.1p priorities. Click Apply to set your changes.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 10 ACL Access Profile Table CPU Interface Filtering Access profiles allow you to establish criteria to determine whether or not the Switch will forward packets based on the information contained in each packet's header. These criteria can be specified on a basis of VLAN, MAC address, or IP address. Access Profile Table Creating an access profile is divided into two basic parts.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 2. Access Profile Table (Ethernet) The following parameters can be set, for the Ethernet type: Parameter Description Profile ID (1-255) Type in a unique identifier number for this profile set. This value can be set from 1 – 255. Type Select profile based on Ethernet (MAC Address), IP address, or packet content mask. This will change the menu according to the requirements for the type of profile.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 3. Access Profile Configuration (IP) The following parameters can be set, for IP: Parameter Description Profile ID (1-255) Type in a unique identifier number for this profile set. This value can be set from 1 255. Type Select profile based on Ethernet (MAC Address), IP address, Packet Content Mask. This will change the menu according to the requirements for the type of profile.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch header. • Select Packet Content Mask to specify a mask to hide the content of the packet header. VLAN Selecting this option instructs the Switch to examine the VLAN part of each packet header and use this as the, or part of the criterion for forwarding. Source IP Mask Enter an IP address mask for the source IP address. Destination IP Mask Enter an IP address mask for the destination IP address.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 4. Access Profile Configuration window (Packet Content Mask) This screen will aid the user in configuring the Switch to mask packet headers beginning with the offset value specified. The following fields are used to configure the Packet Content Mask: Parameter Description Profile ID (1-255) Type in a unique identifier number for this profile set. This value can be set from 1 255.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Offset • Select IP to instruct the Switch to examine the IP address in each frame's header. • Select Packet Content Mask to specify a mask to hide the content of the packet header. This field will instruct the Switch to mask the packet header beginning with the offset value specified: • value (0-15) - Enter a value in hex form to mask the packet from the beginning of the packet to the 15th byte.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 6. Access Rule Table Click Add Rule to add a new Rule for an existing profile. The Access Rule Configuration window will appear. Figure 10- 7.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Profile ID This is the identifier number for this profile set. Mode Select Permit to specify that the packets that match the access profile are forwarded by the Switch, according to any additional rule added (see below). Select Deny to specify that packets that do not match the access profile are not forwarded by the Switch and will be filtered. Access ID Type in a unique identifier number for this access.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch the range of ports from 2 to 4. To view the settings of a previously correctly configured rule, click in the Access Rule Table. Figure 10- 8. Access Rule Table The window shown below will appear. Clicking the hyperlink for the Profile ID on the Access Profile Table (Figure 10-5), will also bring up the Access Rule Display window. Figure 10- 9.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 10. Access Rule Table To remove a previously created rule, select it and click the button. To add a new Access Rule, click the Add Rule button, and the Access Rule Configuration window will appear: Figure 10- 11. Access Rule Configuration window - Ethernet. To set the Access Rule for Ethernet, adjust the following parameters and click Apply.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch forwarded by the Switch and will be filtered. Access ID Type in a unique identifier number for this access. This value can be set from 1 - 100. • Type Priority (0-7) Auto Assign – Checking this field will instruct the Switch to automatically assign an Access ID for the rule being created. Selected profile based on Ethernet (MAC Address), IP address, Packet Content Mask.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch To view the settings of a previously, correctly configured rule, click in the Access Rule Table (Figure 10-10) to view the window shown below. Clicking the hyperlink for the Profile ID on the Access Profile Table (Figure 10-5) will also bring up the Access Rule Display window. Figure 10- 12.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 14. Access Rule Configuration - Packet Content Mask To set the Access Rule for the Packet Content Mask, adjust the following parameters and click Apply.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Profile ID This is the identifier number for this profile set. Mode Select Permit to specify that the packets that match the access profile are forwarded by the Switch, according to any additional rule added (see below). Select Deny to specify that packets that do not match the access profile are not forwarded by the Switch and will be filtered. Access ID Type in a unique identifier number for this access.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch example, 1:3 specifies switch number 1, port 3. 2:4 specifies switch number 2, port 4. 1:3 - 2:4 specifies all of the ports between switch 1, port 3 and switch 2, port 4 − in numerical order. Entering all will denote all ports on the Switch. To view the settings of a previously correctly configured rule, click view the following screen: in the Access Rule Table to Figure 10- 15.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch CPU Interface Filtering Due to a chipset limitation and the need for extra switch security, the Switch incorporates CPU Interface filtering. This added feature increases the running security of the Switch by enabling the user to create a list of access rules for packets destined for the Switch’s CPU interface.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 17. CPU Interface Filtering Configuration window – Ethernet Parameter Description Profile ID (1-5) Type in a unique identifier number for this profile set. This value can be set from 1 - 5. Type Select profile based on Ethernet (MAC Address), IP address or packet content mask. This will change the menu according to the requirements for the type of profile.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The page shown below is the IP CPU Interface Filtering Configuration page. Figure 10- 18. CPU Interface Filtering Configuration window- IP The following parameters can be adjusted: Parameter Description Profile ID (1-5) Type in a unique identifier number for this profile set. This value can be set from 1 - 5. Type Select profile based on Ethernet (MAC Address), IP address or Packet Content Mask.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch header. • Select Packet Content Mask to specify a mask to hide the content of the packet header. VLAN Selecting this option instructs the Switch to examine the VLAN part of each packet header and use this as the, or part of the criterion for forwarding. Source IP Mask Enter an IP address mask for the source IP address. Destination IP Mask Enter an IP address mask for the destination IP address.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The page shown below is the Packet Content Mask configuration window. Figure 10- 19. CPU Interface Filtering Configuration window- Packet Content This screen will aid the user in configuring the Switch to mask packet headers beginning with the offset value specified. The following fields are used to configure the Packet Content Mask: Parameter Description Profile ID (1-4) Type in a unique identifier number for this profile set.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch packet header. Offset • Select IP to instruct the Switch to examine the IP address in each frame's header. • Select Packet Content Mask to specify a mask to hide the content of the packet header. This field will instruct the Switch to mask the packet header beginning with the offset value specified: • value (0-15) - Enter a value in hex form to mask the packet from the beginning of the packet to the 15th byte.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 21. CPU Interface Filtering Rule Table Click the Add Rule button to continue on to the CPU Interface Filtering Rule Configuration window. A new and unique window, for Ethernet, IP and Packet Content will open as shown in the examples below.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 23. CPU Interface Filtering Rule Table – Ethernet The CPU Interface Filtering Rule Configuration allows the user to create a rule for a previously created Access Profile. Figure 10- 24. CPU Interface Filtering Rule Configuration – Ethernet To set the Access Rule for Ethernet, adjust the following parameters and click Apply. Parameters Description Profile ID This is the identifier number for this profile set.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Access ID Type in a unique identifier number for this access and priority. This value can be set from 1 - 100. Type Selected profile based on Ethernet (MAC Address), IP address or Packet Content. Priority (0-7) • Ethernet instructs the Switch to examine the layer 2 part of each packet header. • IP instructs the Switch to examine the IP address in each frame's header.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 25. CPU Interface Filtering Rule Display – Ethernet The following window is the CPU Interface Filtering Rule Table for IP. Figure 10- 26. CPU Interface Filtering Rule Table – IP To create a new rule set for an access profile click the Add button. A new window is displayed. To remove a previously created rule, click the corresponding for the IP Rule configuration. 192 button.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 27. CPU Interface Filtering Rule Configuration – IP Configure the following Access Rule Configuration settings for IP: Parameter Description Profile ID This is the identifier number for this profile set. Mode Select Permit to specify that the packets that match the access profile are forwarded by the Switch, according to any additional rule added (see below).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch forwarded to. Once this field is specified, packets accepted by the Switch that match this priority are forwarded to the CoS queue specified previously by the user. Replace priority with − Click the corresponding box if you want to re-write the 802.1p default priority of a packet to the value entered in the Priority field, which meets the criteria specified previously in this command, before forwarding it on to the specified CoS queue.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 29. CPU Interface Filtering Rule Table – Packet Content To remove a previously created rule, select it and click the click the Add button: 195 button.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 10- 30. CPU Interface Filtering Rule Configuration - Packet Content To set the Access Rule for Ethernet, adjust the following parameters and click Apply. Parameters Description Profile ID This is the identifier number for this profile set. Mode Select Permit to specify that the packets that match the access profile are forwarded by the Switch, according to any additional rule added (see below).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Select Deny to specify that packets that do not match the access profile are not forwarded by the Switch and will be filtered. Access ID Type in a unique identifier number for this access. This value can be set from 1 - 100. Type Selected profile based on Ethernet (MAC Address), IP address or Packet Content. Priority (0-7) • Ethernet instructs the Switch to examine the layer 2 part of each packet header.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 6- 34.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 11 Security Traffic Control Port Security Port Lock Entries 802.1X Trusted Host Access Authentication Control Traffic Segmentation SSL SSH IP MAC Binding ARP Storm Control Traffic Control Use the Traffic Control Setting window to enable or disable storm control and adjust the threshold for multicast and broadcast storms, as well as DLF (Destination Look Up Failure).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 1. Traffic Control Setting window Traffic or storm control is used to stop broadcast, and multicast storms that may result when a loop is created.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch send a packet to all ports or all ports on a VLAN.Broadcast Storm, Multicast Storm and Destination Unknown may be Enabled or Disabled for either group. The Threshold value is the upper threshold at which the specified traffic control is switched on. This is the number of Broadcast, Multicast or DLF packets, in Kpps, received by the Switch that will trigger the storm traffic control measures.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 2. Port Security Settings window The following parameters can be set: Parameter Description From/To A consecutive group of ports may be configured starting with the selected port. Admin State This pull-down menu allows you to enable or disable Port Security (locked MAC address table for the selected ports).
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Max. Learning Addr. (0-16) The number of MAC addresses that will be in the MAC address-forwarding table for the selected switch and group of ports. Lock Address Mode This pull-down menu allows you to select how the MAC address table locking will be implemented on the Switch, for the selected group of ports. The options are: • Permanent – The locked addresses will not age out after the aging timer expires.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 802.1x Port-Based and MAC-Based Access Control The IEEE 802.1x standard is a security measure for authorizing and authenticating users to gain access to various wired or wireless devices on a specified Local Area Network by using a Client and Server based access control model.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 6. Authentication Server Authenticator The Authenticator (the Switch) is an intermediary between the Authentication Server and the Client. The Authenticator serves two purposes when utilizing 802.1x. The first purpose is to request certification information from the Client through EAPOL packets, which is the only information allowed to pass through the Authenticator before access is granted to the Client.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Client The Client is simply the workstation that wishes to gain access to the LAN or switch services. All workstation must be running software that is compliant with the 802.1x protocol. For users running Windows XP, that software is included within the operating system. All other users are required to attain 802.1x client software from an outside source.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch RADIUS Server Ethernet Switch … 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client Network access controlled port Network access uncontrolled port Figure 11- 9.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch MAC-Based Network Access Control RADIUS Server Ethernet Switch … 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client 802.1X Client Network access controlled port Network access uncontrolled port Figure 11- 10. Example of Typical MAC-Based Configuration In order to successfully make use of 802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 11. 802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 12. 802.1X Authenticator Settings window (Modify) This window allows you to set the following features: Parameter From [ ] To [ ] AdmCtrlDir Description Enter the port or ports to be set. Sets the administrative-controlled direction to either in or both. If in is selected, control is only exerted over incoming traffic through the port you selected in the first field.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The default setting is Auto. TxPeriod [30 ] This sets the TxPeriod of time for the authenticator PAE state machine. This value determines the period of an EAP Request/Identity packet transmitted to the client. The default setting is 30 seconds. QuietPeriod [60 ] This allows you to set the number of seconds that the Switch remains in the quiet state following a failed authentication exchange with the client.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 13. RADIUS Server Authentication Setting window This window displays the following information: Parameter Description Succession Choose the desired RADIUS server to configure: First, Second or Third. RADIUS Server <0.0.0.0> Set the RADIUS server IP. Authentic UDP Port <1812> Set the RADIUS authentic server(s) UDP port. The default port is 1812.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 14. Security IP Management window Use the Security IP Management to permit remote stations to manage the Switch. If you choose to define one or more designated management stations, only the chosen stations, as defined by IP address, will be allowed management privilege through the web manager or Telnet session. To define a management station IP setting, type in the IP address and click the Apply button.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch • The server verifies the username and password, and the user is granted normal user privileges on the Switch. • The server will not accept the username and password and the user is denied access to the Switch. • The server doesn't respond to the verification query. At this point, the Switch receives the timeout from the server and then moves to the next method of verification configured in the method list.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 15. Policy & Parameters Settings window The following parameters can be set: Parameters Description Authentication Policy Use the pull-down menu to enable or disable the Authentication Policy on the Switch. Response Timeout (0255) This field will set the time the Switch will wait for a response of authentication from the user. The user may set a time between 0 and 255 seconds. The default setting is 30 seconds.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Parameter Description Application Lists the configuration applications on the Switch. The user may configure the Login Method List and Enable Method List for authentication for users utilizing the Console (Command Line Interface) application, the Telnet application, SSH and the WEB (HTTP) application.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 18. Add a Server Host to Server Group (radius) window To add an Authentication Server Host to the list, enter its IP address in the IP Address field, choose the protocol associated with the IP address of the Authentication Server Host and click Add to Group to add this Authentication Server Host to the group.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 19. Authentication Server Host Settings window To add an Authentication Server Host, click the Add button, revealing the following window: Figure 11- 20. Authentication Server Host Settings – Add window To edit an Authentication Server Host, click the IP address hyperlink, revealing the following window: Figure 11- 21.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch IP Address The IP address of the remote server host the user wishes to add. Protocol The protocol used by the server host. The user may choose one of the following: • TACACS - Enter this parameter if the server host utilizes the TACACS protocol. • XTACACS - Enter this parameter if the server host utilizes the XTACACS protocol. • TACACS+ - Enter this parameter if the server host utilizes the TACACS+ protocol.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch To view the following window click Security > Access Authentication Control > Login Method Lists: Figure 11- 22. Login Method Lists Settings window The Switch contains one Method List that is set and cannot be removed, yet can be modified. To delete a Login Method List defined by the user, click the X under the Delete heading corresponding to the entry desired to be deleted.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 24. Login Method List – Add window To define a Login Method List, set the following parameters and click Apply: Parameter Description Method List Name Enter a method list name defined by the user of up to 15 characters.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch The sequence of methods implemented in this command will affect the authentication result. For example, if a user enters a sequence of methods like TACACS - XTACACS - Local Enable, the Switch will send an authentication request to the first TACACS host in the server group. If no verification is found, the Switch will send an authentication request to the second TACACS host in the server group and so on, until the list is exhausted.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 27. Enable Method List - Add window To define an Enable Login Method List, set the following parameters and click Apply: Parameter Description Method List Name Enter a method list name defined by the user of up to 15 characters.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 28. Configure Local Enable Password window To set the Local Enable Password, set the following parameters and click Apply.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch When this window appears, click the Enable Admin button revealing a dialog box for the user to enter authentication (password, username), as seen below. A successful entry will promote the user to Administrator level privileges on the Switch. Figure 11- 30.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 32. Setup Forwarding Ports window The user may set the following parameters: Parameter Description Port Check the corresponding boxes for the port(s) you wish to transmit packets. Forward Port Check the boxes to select which of the ports on the Switch will be able to forward packets. These ports will be allowed to receive packets from the port specified above.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch current block. The Switch supports the 3DES EDE encryption code defined by the Data Encryption Standard (DES) to create the encrypted text. 3. Hash Algorithm: This part of the ciphersuite allows the user to choose a message digest function which will determine a Message Authentication Code. This Message Authentication Code will be encrypted with a sent message to provide integrity and prevent against replay attacks.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 33. Download Certificate and Cirphersuite window To download certificates, set the following parameters and click Apply. Parameter Description Certificate Type Enter the type of certificate to be downloaded. This type refers to the server responsible for issuing certificates. This field has been limited to local for this firmware release.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Cache Timeout (6086400) This field will set the time between a new key exchange between a client and a host using the SSL function. A new SSL session is established every time the client and host go through a key exchange. Specifying a longer timeout will allow the SSL session to reuse the master key on future connections with that particular host, therefore speeding up the negotiation process. The default setting is 600 seconds.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch 2. Configure the User Account to use a specified authorization method to identify users that are allowed to establish SSH connections with the Switch using the SSH User Authentication window. There are three choices as to the method SSH will use to authorize the user, which are Host Based, Password and Public Key. 3.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Time Out (120-600) Allows the user to set the connection timeout. The use may set a time between 120 and 600 seconds. The default setting is 300 seconds. Auth. Fail (2-20) Allows the Administrator to set the maximum number of attempts that a user may try to log on to the SSH Server utilizing the SSH authentication.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 35. Encryption Algorithm window The following algorithms may be set: Parameter Description Encryption Algorithm 3DES-CBC Use the pull-down to enable or disable the Triple Data Encryption Standard encryption algorithm with Cipher Block Chaining. The default is Enabled. Blow-fish CBC Use the pull-down to enable or disable the Blowfish encryption algorithm with Cipher Block Chaining. The default is Enabled.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch AES256-CBC Use the pull-down to enable or disable the Advanced Encryption Standard AES-256 encryption algorithm with Cipher Block Chaining. The default is Enabled. ARC4 Use the pull-down to enable or disable the Arcfour encryption algorithm with Cipher Block Chaining. The default is Enabled. Cast128-CBC Use the pull-down to enable or disable the Cast128 encryption algorithm with Cipher Block Chaining. The default is Enabled.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch SSH User Authentication The following windows are used to configure parameters for users attempting to access the Switch through SSH. To access the following window, click Security > SSH > SSH User Authentication Mode. Figure 11- 36. Current Accounts window In the example screen above, the User Account “Trinity” has been previously set using the User Accounts window in the Security Management folder.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Switch will prompt the administrator for a password, and then to re-type the password for confirmation. Public Key – This parameter should be chosen if the administrator wishes to use the publickey on a SSH server for authentication. Host Name Enter an alphanumeric string of no more than 31 characters to identify the remote SSH user. This parameter is only used in conjunction with the Host Based choice in the Auth. Mode field.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 11- 38. IP-MAC Binding Ports window IP-MAC Binding Table The window shown below can be used to create IP-MAC binding entries. Click the IP-MAC Binding Table on the IP-MAC Binding folder in the Security menu to view the IP-MAC Binding Setting window. Enter the IP and MAC addresses of the authorized users in the appropriate fields and click Add.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch IP-MAC Binding Blocked To view unauthorized devices that have been blocked by IP-MAC binding restrictions open the IPMAC Binding Blocked window show below. Click IP-MAC Binding Blocked in the IP-MAC Blocked folder in the Security menu to open the IP-MAC Binding Blocked window. Figure 11- 40.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch delete button next to the entry’s MAC address. To delete all the entries in the IP-MAC Binding Blocked Table click Delete All. ARP Storm Control ARP Storm Control is used to protect the CPU filtering mechanism from ARP broadcast storms. ARP packets being sent to the CPU filtering mechanism can be limited by setting the ARP Storm Control Threshold.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 12 Monitoring Device Status CPU Utilization Port Utilization Packets Errors Packet Size Browse Router Port Port Access Control MAC Address IP Address Table Browse Routing Table Browse ARP Table Browse IP Multicast Forwarding Switch History Log IGMP Snooping Group IGMP Snooping Forwarding DVMRP Monitor OSPF Monitor Browse PoE Status Switch History Log Device Status The Device Status window displays status information for Interna
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch CPU Utilization The CPU Utilization window displays the percentage of the CPU being used, expressed as an integer percentage and calculated as a simple average by time interval. To view this window, open the Monitoring folder and click the CPU Utilization link. Figure 12- 2. CPU Utilization window Click Apply to implement the configured settings.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 3. Port Utilization window Select a Unit and Port number from the drop down menu and click apply to display the Port Utilization for a particular port. The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Time Interval Select the desired setting between 1s and 60s, where "s" stands for seconds. The default value is one second. Record Number Select number of times the Switch will be polled between 20 and 200.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Received (RX) Click the Received (RX) link in the Packets folder of the Monitoring menu to view the following graph of packets received on the Switch. Figure 12- 4. Rx Packets Analysis window (line graph for Bytes and Packets) Select a Port number from the drop down menu and click apply to display the Rx Packet analysis for a particular port.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 5. Rx Packets Analysis window (table for Bytes and Packets) The following fields may be set or viewed: Parameter Description Time Interval Select the desired setting between 1s and 60s, where "s" stands for seconds. The default value is one second. Record Number Select number of times the Switch will be polled between 20 and 200. The default value is 20. Bytes Counts the number of bytes received on the port.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 6.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 7. Rx Packets Analysis window (table for Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast Packets) The following fields may be set or viewed: Parameter Description Time Interval Select the desired setting between 1s and 60s, where "s" stands for seconds. The default value is one second. Record Number Select number of times the Switch will be polled between 20 and 200. The default value is 20.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 8.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 9. Tx Packets Analysis window (table for Bytes and Packets) The following fields may be set or viewed: Parameter Description Time Interval Select the desired setting between 1s and 60s, where "s" stands for seconds. The default value is one second. Record Number Select number of times the Switch will be polled between 20 and 200. The default value is 20. Bytes Counts the number of bytes successfully sent from the port.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Received (RX) Click the Received (RX) link in the Error folder of the Monitoring menu to view the following graph of error packets received on the Switch. Figure 12- 10.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 8- 61. Rx Error Analysis window (table) The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Time Interval Select the desired setting between 1s and 60s, where "s" stands for seconds. The default value is one second. Record Number Select number of times the Switch will be polled between 20 and 200. The default value is 20. Crc Error Counts otherwise valid packets that did not end on a byte (octet) boundary.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch View Line Chart Clicking this button instructs the Switch to display a line graph rather than a table. Transmitted (TX) Click the Transmitted (TX) link in the Error folder of the Monitoring menu to view the following graph of error packets received on the Switch. Figure 12- 11.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 12. Tx Error Analysis window (table) The following fields may be set or viewed: Parameter Description Time Interval Select the desired setting between 1s and 60s, where "s" stands for seconds. The default value is one second. Record Number Select number of times the Switch will be polled between 20 and 200. The default value is 20.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Packet Size The Web Manager allows packets received by the Switch, arranged in six groups and classed by size, to be viewed as either a line graph or a table. Two windows are offered. Figure 12- 13.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 14. Rx Size Analysis window (table) The following fields can be set or viewed: Parameter Description Time Interval Select the desired setting between 1s and 60s, where "s" stands for seconds. The default value is one second. Record Number Select number of times the Switch will be polled between 20 and 200. The default value is 20.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Clear Clicking this button clears all statistics counters on this window. View Table Clicking this button instructs the Switch to display a table rather than a line graph. View Line Chart Clicking this button instructs the Switch to display a line graph rather than a table. Browse Router Port This displays which of the Switch's ports are currently configured as router ports.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 16. RADIUS Authentication window The user may also select the desired time interval to update the statistics, between 1s and 60s, where “s” stands for seconds. The default value is one second. To clear the current statistics shown, click the Clear button in the top left hand corner.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch PendingRequests The number of RADIUS Access-Request packets destined for this server that have not yet timed out or received a response. This variable is incremented when an Access-Request is sent and decremented due to receipt of an Access-Accept, Access-Reject or Access-Challenge, a timeout or retransmission. Timeouts The number of authentication timeouts to this server.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch RoundTripTime The time interval between the most recent Accounting-Response and the AccountingRequest that matched it from this RADIUS accounting server. Requests The number of RADIUS Accounting-Request packets sent. This does not include retransmissions. Retransmissions The number of RADIUS Accounting-Request packets retransmitted to this RADIUS accounting server.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 18. MAC Address Table window The following fields can be viewed or set: Parameter Description VLAN Name Enter a VLAN Name for the forwarding table to be browsed by. MAC Address Enter a MAC address for the forwarding table to be browsed by. Find Allows the user to move to a sector of the database corresponding to a user defined port, VLAN, or MAC address.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch VID The VLAN ID of the VLAN the port is a member of. MAC Address The MAC address entered into the address table. Port The port that the MAC address above corresponds to. Type How the Switch discovered the MAC address. The possible entries are Dynamic, Self, and Static. Next Click this button to view the next page of the address table. Clear Dynamic Entry Clicking this button will clear Dynamic entries learned by the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 19. IP Address Table window Browse Routing Table The Browse Routing Table window may be found in the Monitoring menu. This screen shows the current IP routing table of the Switch. To find a specific IP route, enter an IP address into the Destination Address field along with a proper subnet mask into the Mask field and click Find.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 20. Browse Routing Table window Browse ARP Table The Browse ARP Table window may be found in the Monitoring menu. This window will show current ARP entries on the Switch. To search a specific ARP entry, enter an interface name into the Interface Name or an IP address and click Find. To clear the ARP Table, click Clear All.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 21. Browse ARP Table window Browse IP Multicast Forwarding Table The Browse IP Multicast Forwarding Table window may be found in the Monitoring menu. This window will show current IP multicasting information on the Switch. To search a specific entry, enter a multicast group IP address into the Multicast Group field or a Source IP address and click Find.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 22. Browse IP Multicast Forwarding Table IGMP Snooping Group IGMP Snooping allows the Switch to read the Multicast Group IP address and the corresponding MAC address from IGMP packets that pass through the Switch. The number of IGMP reports that were snooped is displayed in the Reports field. To view the IGMP Snooping Table, click IGMP Snooping Group in the Monitoring menu: Figure 12- 23.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch VLAN Name The VLAN Name of the multicast group. Multicast Group The IP address of the multicast group. MAC Address The MAC address of the multicast group. Reports The total number of reports received for this group. Port Member These are the ports where the IGMP packets were snooped are displayed.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 25. Browse IGMP Group Table DVMRP Monitoring This menu allows the DVMRP (Distance-Vector Multicast Routing Protocol) to be monitored for each IP interface defined on the Switch. This folder, found in the Monitoring folder, offers 4 screens for monitoring: Browse DVMRP Routing Table, Browse DVMRP Neighbor Address Table, Browse DVMRP Routing Next Hop Table and Browse PIM Neighbor Table.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 26. DVMRP Routing Table Browse DVMRP Neighbor Table This table, found in the Monitoring menu under DVMRP Monitor > Browse DVMRP Neighbor Table contains information about DVMRP neighbors of the Switch. To search this table, enter either an Interface Name or Neighbor Address into the respective field and click the Find button. DVMRP neighbors of that entry will appear in the DVMRP Neighbor Table below. Figure 12- 27.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 28. DVMRP Routing Next Hop Table Browse PIM Neighbor Table Multicast routers use Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) to determine which other multicast routers should receive multicast packets. The PIM Neighbor Address Table contains information regarding each of a router’s PIM neighbors. This screen may be found in the Monitoring folder under the heading PIM Monitor.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 30. Browse OSPF LSDB Table The user may search for a specific entry by entering the following information into the fields at the top of the screen: To browse the OSPF LSDB Table, you first must select which browse method you want to use in the Search Type field. The choices are All, Area ID, Advertise Router ID, LSDB, Area ID & Advertise Router ID, Area ID & LSDB, and Advertise Router ID & LSDB.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Sequence Displays a sequence number corresponding to number of times the current link has been advertised as changed. Browse OSPF Neighbor Table This table can be found in the OSPF Monitoring folder by clicking on the Browse OSPF Neighbor Table link. Routers that are connected to the same area or segment become neighbors in that area. Neighbors are elected via the Hello protocol.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 12- 32.OSPF Virtual Neighbor Table Browse PoE Status (for DES-3828P only) This table can be found in the Monitoring folder by clicking on the Browse PoE Status folder. This table displays the current PoE System and PoE Port settings. Figure 12- 33.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Switch History Log The Web manager allows the Switch's history log, as compiled by the Switch's management agent, to be viewed. To view the Switch history log, open the Monitoring folder and click the Switch History Log link. Figure 12- 34. Switch History window The Switch can record event information in its own logs, to designated SNMP trap receiving stations, and to the PC connected to the console manager.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Section 13 Switch Maintanence Reset Reboot System Save Changes Log Out Reset The Reset function has several options when resetting the Switch. Some of the current configuration parameters can be retained while resetting all other configuration parameters to their factory defaults. NOTE: Only the Reset System option will enter the factory default parameters into the Switch's non-volatile RAM, and then restart the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 13- 2.Reset Config window Reset System In addition, the Reset System option is added to reset all configuration parameters to their factory defaults, save these parameters to the Switch's non-volatile RAM, and then restart the Switch. This option is equivalent to Reset Config followed by Save Changes. Figure 13- 3.Reset System window Reboot System The following window is used to restart the Switch.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 13- 4. Reboot window Save Changes The Switch has two levels of memory; normal RAM and non-volatile or NV-RAM. Configuration changes are made effective by clicking the Apply button. When this is done, the settings will be immediately applied to the switching software in RAM, and will immediately take effect. Some settings, though, require you to restart the Switch before they will take effect.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Figure 13- 6. Save Settings dialog box Click the OK button to continue. Once the Switch configuration settings have been saved to NVRAM, they become the default settings for the Switch. These settings will be used every time the Switch is rebooted. Logout Use the Logout page to logout of the Switch's Web-based management agent by clicking on the Log Out button. Figure 13- 7.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Appendix A Technical Specifications General Standards IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T Ethernet IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-T (SFP “Mini GBIC”) IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree IEEE 802.1W Rapid Spanning Tree IEEE 802.1 P/Q VLAN IEEE 802.1p Priority Queues IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation Control IEEE 802.3x Full-duplex Flow Control IEEE 802.3 Nway auto-negotiation IEEE 802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Physical and Environmental Internal power supply DES-3828 Input: 100~240V, AC/10A, 50~60Hz Output: 12V, 5A (MAX), DES-3828P Input: 100~240V, AC/1A, 50~60Hz Output: -50V,-50Vrtn, 7.5A (MAX); 12V, 10.5A (MAX), PoE: Output capacity for whole system: 370W Per Port: 15.4W (Default) Per port Æ 1~16.8W (Customer can set up) DES-3828DC DC DC Power Input: 48 V, Power Consumption 24 watts maximum for DES-3828/DES-3828DC 395.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch MAC Address Learning Automatic update. Supports 16K MAC address. Priority Queues 8 Priority Queues per port. Forwarding Table Age Time Max age: 10-1000000 seconds. Default = 300.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Appendix B Cables and Connectors When connecting the Switch to another switch, a bridge or hub, a normal cable is necessary. Please review these products for matching cable pin assignment. The following diagrams and tables show the standard RJ-45 receptacle/connector and their pin assignments. Figure B- 1.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Appendix C Cable Lengths Use the following table to as a guide for the maximum cable lengths.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch Glossary 1000BASE-LX: A short laser wavelength on multimode fiber optic cable for a maximum length of 550 meters 1000BASE-SX: A long wavelength for a "long haul" fiber optic cable for a maximum length of 10 kilometers 100BASE-FX: 100Mbps Ethernet implementation over fiber. 100BASE-TX: 100Mbps Ethernet implementation over Category 5 and Type 1 Twisted Pair cabling. 10BASE-T: The IEEE 802.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch forwarding: The process of sending a packet toward its destination by an internetworking device. full duplex: A system that allows packets to be transmitted and received at the same time and, in effect, doubles the potential throughput of a link. half duplex: A system that allows packets to be transmitted and received, but not at the same time. Contrast with full duplex. IP address: Internet Protocol address.
xStack DES-3800 Series Layer 3 Stackable Fast Ethernet Managed Switch TCP/IP: A layered set of communications protocols providing Telnet terminal emulation, FTP file transfer, and other services for communication among a wide range of computer equipment. telnet: A TCP/IP application protocol that provides virtual terminal service, letting a user log in to another computer system and access a host as if the user were connected directly to the host.
FCC Warning This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with this manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Warrenties/Registration LIMITED WARRANTY D-Link provides this limited warranty for its product only to the person or entity who originally purchased the product from D-Link or its authorized reseller or distributor. D-Link would fulfill the warranty obligation according to the local warranty policy in which you purchased our products.
DAYS. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY COVERED UNDER THE LIMITED WARRANTY PROVIDED HEREIN, THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY, SELECTION AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PRODUCT IS WITH THE PURCHASER OF THE PRODUCT.
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