Specifications

REFERENCE
101
AMPLIFIERS and SYSTEM SOLUTIONS — Literature
Crown offers a variety of publications and guides for its line
of amplifiers and IQ software/components. These are at
www.crownaudio.com. Under Expert Advice, Amps, click on
Tech Info. Or under Expert Advice, IQ, click on Tech Info.
AMPLIFIER TECHNICAL PAPERS
Crown has long been leading the audio industry with innovative
technologies that provide economical solutions to real world
needs. Following are Technical Papers describing technologies
used in Crown amplifiers.
BCA Technology Overview
BCA White Paper
IOC Distortion Detector
Why Crown CTs Amplifiers Sound Better
Advantages of Direct Constant Voltage Operation in Crown
Amplifiers
Understanding Damping Factor
Grounded Bridge Topology
ODEP (Output Device Emulation Protection)
UL, CSA, ETL, and CE: What's the Difference?
TECH MADE SIMPLE
Clear explanations of Crown technical features, condensed to one
page per topic. Current topics include:
Class I (BCA)
Damping Factor
The V-I Plane
Certification Marks
Switching Power Amplifiers and Switching Power Supplies
POWER DRAW AND THERMAL DISSIPATION INFORMATION
These documents provide detailed information about the amount
of power and current drawn from the AC mains by Crown ampli-
fiers and the amount of heat produced under various conditions.
The calculations presented are intended to provide a realistic and
reliable depiction of the amplifier. This information should not be
construed as specifications.
AMPLIFIER APPLICATION GUIDE
This useful guide provides information to help you best use your
new Crown amplifier. Includes amplifier and system setup informa-
tion, amp troubleshooting, a glossary of terms, and a list of recom-
mended reading.
JBL/CROWN SCREENARRAY
®
SYSTEM APPLICATIONS
GUIDE
Includes system diagrams and equipment lists for using Crown
amplifiers with JBL ScreenArray
®
cinema speaker systems in cin-
emas.
INSTALLATIONS
Examples of Crown products in action: airports, boardrooms, con-
cert halls, stadiums, touring.
AMPLIFIER FAQ (FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS)
At www.crownaudio.com, under Expert Advice, Amps, click on
FAQs.
IQ TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
At www.crownaudio.com, under Expert Advice, IQ, click on Tech
Info. Some topics there include:
• IQ Note #1: Room Combining with the IQ-USM 810
• Choosing the right IQ PIP module: This guide compares the vari-
ous available IQ PIP modules and discusses compatibility with
Crown PIP- and PIP2-compatible amplifiers.
• Energy Conservation via IQ: This guide explains how using IQ
PIP modules to manage amplifier power consumption can provide
significant energy savings.
• IQ Compatibility Issues
• What is TCP/IQ?
• What is CobraNet?
• How to Set Up TCP/IQ
• How to Set Up TCP/IQ to IQ Loop Gateway
IQ FAQ (FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS)
At www.crownaudio.com, under Expert Advice, IQ, click on FAQs.
©2003 by Crown Audio, Inc.
P.O. Box 1000, Elkhart, Indiana 46515-1000 USA Tel: [phone]
136226-1 2/03
THE V-I PLANE
Tech Made Simple
The V-I plane or V-I plot is a graph of the output current
vs. output voltage of a power amplifi er. Typically, this graph is
measured with the amplifi er driving a loudspeaker.
The V-I plane is important because it shows whether an amplifi er
can deliver both suffi cient voltage AND suffi cient current to drive
its intended load.
Depending on the load impedance, the amplifi er’s output signal
may need to be either primarily voltage or primarily current.
With a low-impedance load, such as a 4 or 8 ohm speaker,
the amplifi er needs to provide a relatively high current, but not
necessarily high voltage. Figure 1 shows a theoretical V-I plot
of a low-impedance amplifi er. This amplifi er may not be able
to adequately drive a 70V or 100V constant voltage distributed
system because its V-I plane performance is not high enough
along the voltage axis.
Conversely, an amplifi er designed to drive a high-impedance
or constant-voltage distributed loudspeaker system needs to
provide a relatively high voltage output, but not necessarily
very high current. Figure 2 show a theoretical V-I plot
of a high-impedance amplifi er.
This amplifi er has plenty of output voltage, but may not be able
to drive even a single low-impedance loudspeaker because its V-I
plane performance is not high enough along the current axis.
Figure 1. V-I Plot of a Low-Impedance Amplifi er
Figure 2. V-I Plot of a High-Impedance Amplifi er
To make life simpler for installed sound contractors, Crown
developed the CTs Series amplifi ers. As shown by their V-I
plots, they deliver both high voltage and high current, so they
can drive both low- and high-impedance loudspeaker loads
(Figure 3). With CTs, you don’t have to worry which version to
order (high or low Z), just order the model that has the output
power you need.
Figure 3. V-I Plot of CTs Amplifi er
vs. High-Z and Low-Z Amplifi ers