Specifications

Glossary
204 Equalizer Installation and Administration Guide
ICMP See Internet Control Message Protocol.
ICMP echo request The act of repeating a stream of characters (for example, echoing on the
computer screen characters as a user types those characters). See ping. See
also echo.
ICMP triangulation Routing client requests to the closest site geographically based on
triangulation, a method of calculating the location of a site using the known
locations of two or more other sites.
intelligent load balancing A request for load balancing using Equalizer-based algorithms that assess the
configuration options set for cluster and servers, real-time server status
information, and information in the request itself. See algorithm and load
balancing. See also geographic load balancing.
interface The place at which two or more systems connect and communicate with each
other. See external interface, internal interface, and network interface.
internal address The IP address assigned to Equalizer on the internal network.
internal network The subnet to which the back-end server machines are connected.
Internet Control Message
Protocol (ICMP)
The ISO/OSI Layer 3, Network, protocol that controls transport routes,
message handling, and message transfers during IP packet processing. See
ICMP triangulation and ISO/OSI model.
IP Internet protocol; the TCP/IP protocol that controls breaking up data messages
into packets, sending the packets, and reforming the packets into their original
data messages. See Internet protocol stack, IP address, packet, and TCP/IP.
IP address A 32-bit address assigned to a host using TCP/IP. IP addresses are written in
dotted decimal format, for example,
192.22.33.1.
ISO/IEC International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical
Commission; international standards organizations.
ISO/OSI model International Organization for Standardization/Open Systems Interconnection
model, a standard that consists of seven layers that control how computers
communicate with other computers over a network.
n
Layer 1, Physical, which sets the rules for physical connections via
hardware, is the lowest layer.
n
Layer 2, Data-link, uses Layer 1 and its own rules to control coding,
addressing, and transmitting information.
n
Layer 3, Network, uses the prior two layers rules as well as its own rules to
control transport routes, message handling, and message transfers.
n
Layer 4, Transport, uses its rules and those of the previous layers to control
accuracy of message delivery and service.
n
Layer 5, Session, uses its rules and those of the previous layers to
establish, maintain, and coordinate communication.
n
Layer 6, Presentation, uses its rules and those of the previous layers to
control text formatting and appearance as well as conversion of code.
n
Layer 7, Application, uses its rules and those of the other layers to control
transmission of information from one application to another. Layer 7 is the
highest layer.
See Layer 4, Layer 7, and transport layer.
L4 See Layer 4.
L7 See Layer 7.