User Guide
Table Of Contents
- Featured artists
- Table of contents
- Welcome to Corel Painter IX
- The Basics
- Working with Documents
- Creating and Opening Documents
- Creating and Opening Templates
- Placing Files
- Understanding Resolution
- Zooming
- Repositioning Documents
- Rotating Documents
- Cropping Images
- Using Full Screen Mode
- Image Size Information
- Resizing the Canvas
- Rotating and Flipping the Canvas
- Saving Files
- Closing Documents and Quitting the Application
- Setting Preferences
- Working with Documents
- Layers
- Getting Started with Layers
- Managing Layers
- Editing Layers
- Painting on Layers
- Brush Methods and Painting on Layers
- Preserving Layer Transparency
- Working with Floating Objects
- Adding Drop Shadows
- Creating Patterns on Layers
- Working with Reference Layers
- Setting Layer Opacity
- Blending Layers by Using Composite Methods
- Adding Notes to a Layer
- Storing Images with the Image Portfolio
- Organizing Layers with Image Portfolio Libraries
- Color
- Getting Started with Color
- Working with the Mixer Palette
- Working with Color Sets
- Setting Color Variability
- Viewing Color Information
- Setting Color Expression
- Working with Gradients
- Textures, Patterns, and Weaves
- Using Paper Texture
- Using Patterns
- Using Weaves
- Painting
- Exploring Brushes
- Marking the Canvas
- Exploring Painting
- Working with Fill
- Watercolor
- Liquid Ink
- Impasto
- Image Hose
- Customizing Brushes
- Getting Started with the Brush Creator
- Managing Settings and Controls
- General Controls
- Size Controls
- Spacing Controls
- Angle Controls
- Bristle Controls
- Well Controls
- Rake Controls
- Random Controls
- Mouse Controls
- Cloning Controls
- Impasto Controls
- Image Hose Controls
- Airbrush Controls
- Water Controls
- Liquid Ink Controls
- Digital Watercolor Controls
- Artists’ Oil Controls
- Color Variability Controls
- Color Expression Controls
- Expression Settings
- Managing Custom Brushes
- Cloning and Tracing
- Image Effects
- Working with Surface Texture
- Setting Appearance of Depth Properties
- Using Paper to Create Texture
- Using 3D Brush Strokes to Create Texture
- Creating 3D Oils
- Using Image Luminance to Create Texture
- Using Clone Source Luminance to Create Texture
- Creating Embossing Effects
- Using Channels and Layer Masks to Create Texture
- Working with Reflection Maps
- Applying Lighting to a Texture
- Working with Surface Texture
- Mosaics
- Getting Started with Mosaics
- Placing and Customizing Tiles
- Using Shapes
- Animation and Video
- Creating Animations and Video
- Getting Started with Movies
- Modifying a Movie
- Rotoscoping
- Saving and Exporting Movies
- Printing
- Index
Animation and Video 359
Considering Frame Rate
Frame rate describes the number of image frames displayed per second (fps). The frame
rate can determine not only how big a file your animation is, but also how smooth the
motion appears.
When you save a movie as an AVI file, you can specify the rate of display. This doesn’t
necessarily mean that what you specify is what you’ll experience. Factors like frame
size, compression method, and computer speed can prevent some movies from
achieving their set rate. If your animations will be viewed on the computer only, frame
rates of 8, 10, and 12 fps are good choices. If your animations will be viewed
elsewhere, you should consider the the following frame rates:
• The frame rate of film is 24 fps.
• The frame rate of NTSC video is 30 fps (29.97 fps in broadcast video). NTSC is the
video standard used in the United States.
• The frame rate of Phase Alternating Line (PAL) video is 25 fps.
These frame rates are sufficient to produce smooth, continuous motion with filmed or
video-recorded subjects.
Animation drawings contain far less detail than live-action images. The difference in
the level of detail allows animations to be produced at frame rates significantly lower
than those designed for live action. Because of the smoothness of color fills and
continuity between images, animations can look quite nice at rates between 10 and
15 fps.
You must consider frame rates to know how many drawings are needed to make
actions smooth, natural, and consistent throughout the project.
The computer can display frames at any reasonable rate. The Frame Stacks palette
provides control over frame display rates within Corel Painter. You can preview an
animation at a rate of 1 to 40 fps.
You can’t display different sections of a movie at different rates. What you can do is
create sections separately at different rates and then modulate them to the same rate
before joining them. This is the kind of work you’ll do in your video-editing
application.
To set the preview frame rate
• On the Frame Stacks palette, adjust the Playback slider.
The frame rate is displayed to the right of the slider.