Instructions

!!
!"#$%&'""'('"#!
)*+"#*,-./&'0$%#&1'234."#$%5.'!67'('$7$78'-37'9#:3$;4/'<&1;5= 5'>?@8'A B CD>D'9#&E:;8'F$3+E&'
0$6*#5=G"'H'0$%#&1'234."#$%5.'DB>D8'9$65$;&%54 8'#$(6$;+( 4. G %5&%548'(I5 & % * ', 4 ('( = $ 1*'(&,#$% 5$ % 4 7'
;;;7.$%#&1763'
$$$%&'()*+%,-!
'
Dioda'LED'jest'podłączona'w'
odwrotnym'kierunku,'przez'co'nie'
świeci'(katoda'do'„+”).'
Dioda'LED'jest'podłączona'z'
rezystorem'wstępnym'w'kierunku'
przewodzenia'i'świeci'(katoda'do'„J”).'
'
1)*(IJM>')!
M#&%(*+"$#*' 1$' &E"*;%4' 434I4%"*' 6:O6#(4;$1%5E$;4' +O-UT.4' 1$' .43:;' #4=-3&./5' 5' 6#(4OT.(&%5&7'
M#&%(*+"$#'6$+5&1&'"#(*'(OT.(&h',&(P8'E$34E"$#'5'4I5"4#8'5'I $U4',*Y'#$1(&/-'RFR'3-,'FRF7'a(%&.(&'"$8'
U4' RFR' ;*I&=&' (;*E34' 1$1&"%54=$' %&65P.5&' #$,$.(4=$' %&' (OT.(-' ,&(*' 5' E$34E"$#&7' l$1(&/' FRF'
;*I&=&'-/4I%4=$'%&65P.5&'#$,$.(4=$'1$'-+"&;54%5&'1&%*.G'#$,$.(*.G'%&'(OT.(-',&(*'5'E$34E"$#&7'
'
Symbol'elektryczny'tranzystora'NPN' Symbol'elektryczny'tranzystora'PNP'
c%&.(4%54'35"4#'(OT.(*h'
2'k'4I5"4#'
t'k',&(&'
0'k'E$34E"$#'
l:U%5.P';'+*I,$3&.G'434E"#*.(%*.G'+"&%$;5'+"#(&OE&'4I5"4#&7'Z '"#&%(*+"$#(4'RFR'+"#(&OE&'E54#-%E-'
6#T1-'/4+"'+E54#$;&%&'$1',&(*8'&';'"#&%(*+"$#(4'FRF'_'1$',&(*7''
!
1FM>!>)*(IJM>')N$!
)$'+6#&;1(4%5&'1(5&O&%5&'"#&%(*+"$#:;';*+"&#.(*' (;*EO*'I-3"5I4"#' &%&3$=$;*7'M4+"' $1,*;&'+5P';'
(&E#4+54'#4(*+"&%./57'
F#(*"#(*I&/'E$N.:;EP'6$I 5&#$;T'$I$I 54#(&'%&',&(54'5'1$"E%5/'1#-=T'E$N.:;ET'E$34/%$'E$34E"$#&'5'
4I5"4#&7' Z ' (&34U%$d.5' $1' ,54=-%:;' $I$I 54#(' I-+5' ;+E&(*;&Y' %&' $ ,-' (OT.(&.G' 6#(4;$ 1(4%54'
];*.G*34%54 ' ;+E&( :; E 5^' 3-,' 6#&;54' #4(*+"&% ./P' ]6#&E"*. (% 54' ,#&E' #-.G-' ;+E& (: ; E5^7' R&+"P6 %54 '
(&I54N' (OT.(&' $I$I54#(&7' M#&%(*+"$#' 1(5&O&' 6$6#&;%548' /4U435' (&.G$;-/4' +5P' "4#&(' $1 ;#$ "%547' Z'
6$OT.($%*I' $,;$1(54' %&65P.54' ,&(*C4I5"4#& ' I $U 4 ' ;* % $ +5Y ' I &E +7' B 8g' S 8' &' /4U4 35' /4+"' ; * U+ (4 8'
"#&%(*+"$#' /4+"' ;&1 35;* 7' a=#&%5.(&%54 ' %&65P.5&' ,&(*' $ 1, *; &' +5P' ; ' E&U1*I' $,;$ 1( 54' 6$6#(4('
#4(*+"$#*',&(*7'
'
VEO&1'(OT.(*'"#&%(*+"$#&'/4+"'('#4=-O*']/4U435'%54';+E&(&%$';*#&e%54'5%&.(4/^'6#(41+"&;5&%*'$1'1$O-7'
'
Z51$E'('1$O-' $E7'J'II '