Vipersat CDM-570/570L Satellite Network Modem Router User Guide Part Number MN/22125 Revision 0
Vipersat CDM-570/570L Version 1.5.x User Guide Part number MN/22125 Document Revision 0 Firmware Version 1.5.
COMTECH EF DATA VIPERSAT Network Products Group 3215 Skyway Court Fremont, CA 94539 USA Phone: (510) 252-1462 Fax: (510) 252-1695 www.comtechefdata.com Part Number MN/22125 Manual Revision 0 Firmware Version 1.5.x ©2008 by Comtech EF Data, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be copied or reproduced without prior written permission of Comtech EF Data, Inc. Comtech reserves the right to revise this publication at any time without obligation to provide notification of such revision.
Document Revision Status Document Revision Date Revision 0 1/16/08 Description Affected Pages Revisions for firmware version 1.5.4. Document part number changed from 22125 to MN/22125.
{ This Page is Intentionally Blank }
Table of Contents General How to Use This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Manual Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Chapter 1 — General . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Chapter 2 — Quick Start Configuration 1-1 Chapter 3 — Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Appendix A — Network Addressing . . 1-2 Appendix B — Automatic Switching . . 1-2 Appendix C — Dynamic Power Control1-2 Appendix D — Network Migration . . . 1-2 Appendix E — Glossary . . . . . . . .
Slot Preamble Length . . . . . . . . . 3-16 Slot Data Length . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16 Slot Cycle Length . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 Slot Start in Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 Set Remotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17 Adding a Remote to the STDMA Group . 3-18 Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19 Remote Count . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19 Set Remote Policies . . . . . . . . . 3-20 Delete Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22 Enable/Disable Remote . . . . . . . 3-22 View Remote(s) . . . . . . . .
Layers 1 – 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Math . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IP Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IP Address Classes . . . . . . . . . . . Class A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Class B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Class C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Class D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Class E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Private Network IP Addresses . . . . Network Address Translation (NAT) . Subnets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subnet Mask. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
{ This Page is Intentionally Blank } iv Vipersat CDM-570/570L U s e r G u i d e
List of Figures Chapter 2 Figures Figure 2-1 Main Menu screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 Figure 2-2 Administration screen . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 Figure 2-3 Feature Configuration screen . . . . . 2-5 Figure 2-4 FAST Feature Code dialog . . . . . . . 2-5 Figure 2-5 Working Mode dialog . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 Figure 2-6 Ethernet Interface screen . . . . . . . . 2-7 Figure 2-7 Configuring the Route Table screen 2-9 Figure 2-8 Tx Configuration screen . . . . . . . .
Figure 3-62 DPC Configuration screen (SCPC mode). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49 Figure 3-63 Maximum Power Level prompt (CDM570L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50 Figure 3-64 Minimum Power Level prompt (CDM570L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50 Figure 3-65 Target EbNo prompt . . . . . . . . . . 3-51 Figure 3-66 Target Range prompt . . . . . . . . . 3-51 Figure 3-67 Speed Up EbNo prompt . . . . . . .
List of Tables Chapter 2 Tables Table 2-1 CDM-570/570L Network Roles and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 Table 2-2 Vipersat Feature Configuration . . . . 2-6 Appendix B Tables Table B-1 STDMA ACK Message . . . . . . . . . .
{ This Page is Intentionally Blank } viii Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
CHAPTER GENERAL How to Use This Manual This manual documents the enhanced Vipersat features and functions of the CDM-570/570L Satellite Network Modem Router, and guides the user in how to configure this product for use in a Vipersat network. The material covered addresses only those areas specific to a CDM-570/570L running in Vipersat mode, and complements the universal features and functions described in the CDM-570/570L Installation and Operation Manual.
How to Use This Manual Chapter 3 — Using the Command Line Interface (CLI) Describes the use of the CLI for configuring and monitoring the CDM-570/ 570L in a Vipersat network. Each CLI screen is presented along with a detailed description and related commands. Appendix A — Network Addressing Supplemental reference information on binary math and network addressing to assist with integrating the CDM-570/570L into a Vipersat network.
How to Use This Manual The following documents are referenced in this manual, and provide supplementary information for the reader: • CDM-570/570L Modem Installation and Operation Manual (Part Number MN/CDM570L.IOM) • CDD-564L Quad Demodulator Installation and Operation Manual (Part Number MN/CDD564L.
Product Description Product Description Introduction The Vipersat CDM-570 and CDM-570L (L-band) Satellite Network Modem Routers offer state of the art performance and reliability in a sophisticated and cost-effective 1RU package. The CDM-570/570L integrates router functionality into the modem, completely eliminating external serial port cabling, and allowing connection of a 10/100 Base-T LAN/WAN directly to the modem.
P r o d u c t D e s c r i p t io n • Multi-Transponder Mode (MTM) Functions • Dynamic Power Control (DPC) for Environment or Mesh Links • Upstream Bandwidth Management Switching for Application, Load, Scheduled, Manual, or VESP • Dynamic SCPC (dSCPC) Bandwidth-On-Demand • 10/100BaseT Ethernet LAN/WAN Interface • Per Route IP Filtering • Multi-Protocol Support • Built-In Header and Payload Compression for Improved Satellite Bandwidth Efficiencies • Built-In Quality of Service (QoS) Functions for Traffic Pri
Product Description Turbo Product Coding The Comtech Vipersat CDM-570/570L incorporates a Turbo Product Codec (TPC). TPC is an FEC technique that delivers significant performance improvement when compared to Viterbi with concatenated Reed-Solomon. TPC simultaneously offers increased coding gain, lower decoding delay, and significant bandwidth savings.
P r o d u c t D e s c r i p t io n 1.5.4 Release New DPC (Dynamic Power Control) Enhancements Higher Order Modulation BER Waterfall Mapping DPC target Eb/No values are automatically adjusted using the BER waterfall curves stored in the CDM-570/570L modems. The calculations are based on the received VMS multi-command message configuration (i.e.
Product Description Auto Home State Failsafe A revert flag can now be added to the burst map on a per remote basis. This provides a more reliable means of forcing a Remote—stuck in SCPC mode, for example—that fails to respond to a standard VMS revert command to return to the home state . As soon as the Remote sees the flag, it will transition from SCPC mode to STDMA mode and send an acknowledement to the burst controller.
C u s t om e r S u p p o r t Customer Support Contact Information Contact Comtech Vipersat Networks Customer Support for information or assistance with product support, service, or training on any Vipersat product. Mail: 3215 Skyway Court Fremont, CA 94539 USA Phone: 1+510-252-1462 Fax: 1+510-252-1695 Email: supportcvni@comtechefdata.com Web: www.comtechefdata.
C u s t o m e r S up p o r t { This Page is Intentionally Blank } 1-10 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
CHAPTER QUICK START CONFIGURATION Introduction This chapter describes the minimum configuration of a Vipersat CDM-570/ 570L Modem/Router that is necessary in order for the equipment to function in a Vipersat network. The Vipersat CDM-570/570L stores its configuration in an ASCII file named the PARAM file. Equipment configuration is typically performed through the use of the Command Line Interface (CLI), particularly the initial configuration.
I n i t i a l C o n f i gu r a t i o n Caution: Do not connect the TX cable until the modem is properly configured, and the Home State is verified and Saved. Caution: Do not connect the TX and RX cables to test equipment without the use of a DC voltage block. If BUC or LNB power is disabled through the CLI, the setting must be Saved to prevent accidental re-enabling during modem reboot or power-cycle.
I n i t i a l C o n f i g u r a t io n Network Role The first and most important step prior to configuring the CDM-570/570L is to define its network role. The CDM-570/570L is a flexible network component able to perform different functions depending on how it is used in a network. The role that is defined for each CDM-570/570L will determine what functions are available for each unit to fill its role. Refer to the section “Unit Role” on page 3-43 for details on setting a CDM-570/570L’s network role.
I n i t i a l C o n f i gu r a t i o n Figure 2-1 Main Menu screen 2. From the Administration screen shown in figure 2-2, select the Features Configuration command by entering F at the command prompt. Figure 2-2 Administration screen 3. 2-4 From the Feature Configuration menu shown in figure 2-3, verify whether or not the Vipersat Feature Codes are Available (appears as shown in the figure).
I n i t i a l C o n f i g u r a t io n Figure 2-3 Feature Configuration screen To enter the feature codes, enter Y at the command prompt, then enter the 20 digit FAST Feature Code, as shown in figure 2-4. Figure 2-4 FAST Feature Code dialog Tip: The network administrator will have the FAST Feature codes. These are generated and stored by the unit serial number for the target CDM-570/ 570L. The target unit’s serial number can be found on the rear of the unit chassis. 4.
I n i t i a l C o n f i gu r a t i o n Figure 2-5 Working Mode dialog 5. When the reboot is completed, return to the Feature Configuration screen and configure the settings for Vipersat STDMA and Auto Switching according to the table below. Table 2-2 Vipersat Feature Configuration Unit Role Hub Hub Expansion Remote Remote Expansion 6.
I n i t i a l C o n f i g u r a t io n Figure 2-6 Ethernet Interface screen 2. Enter I at the command prompt, and enter the designated IP address for this unit. 3. Save the settings to flash by entering S at the command prompt. Configure the Route Table Routing in a Vipersat Network CDM-570/570L Modem Routers operating in Vipersat mode do not use the small or large network described in the CDM-570/570L Installation and Operation Manual.
I n i t i a l C o n f i gu r a t i o n Class B in half and points the upper half toward the satellite there will be over 16000 usable addresses at the Hub as well as at the Remotes. For details on IP addressing, refer to Appendix A, "Network Addressing". By putting the one route statement “Remotes 172.16.128.0/17 Wan to Sat” in the TDM Hub modem, and by using the route statement “GW 0.0.0.0/0 Wan to Sat” at each of the remote modems, the network will successfully route packets.
I n i t i a l C o n f i g u r a t io n Figure 2-7 Configuring the Route Table screen In a Hub configuration, the default route will typically point to a router on the same LAN as the CDM-570/570L Hub unit. In a Remote configuration, the default route will typically point to the satellite modem used for communications back to the Hub. 3. When prompted, enter the Route Name (GW), the IP Address, the Number of Bits in the subnet mask, the Route Interface (Ethernet or Satellite), and the Next Hop address.
I n i t i a l C o n f i gu r a t i o n Set the Satellite Modem Configuration NOTE 1. Enter M from the Main Menu, then enter C from the Satellite Modem menu to access the Configuration screen. 2. Enter T to access the Tx Configuration screen shown in figure 2-8. Set the Tx parameters for Frequency, Data Rate, FEC, Code Rate, and Modulation as specified by the network administrator. Note: Only Turbo Product Coding is acceptable for FEC when the CDM-570/ 570L is running in Vipersat mode.
I n i t i a l C o n f i g u r a t io n Figure 2-9 Vipersat Configuration screen (Hub) 2. Enter R at the command prompt to toggle the Unit Role to either Hub or Remote. This parameter will determine the role the target CDM-570/570L will perform in the network and what type of commands and functions it will receive from the VMS. 3. Enter E to set the Expansion Unit value (Yes or No).
I n i t i a l C o n f i gu r a t i o n 7. Enter I at the command prompt to set the Managing IP Address. The Managing IP Address is the IP address of the VMS server. 8. Enter H to go to the Home State Configuration menu screen, then enter W to set the current configuration as the Home State. 9. Save the settings to flash by entering S at the command prompt. This completes the initial configuration of a CDM-570/570L from the factory default settings to a functioning, Vipersat-enabled unit.
CHAPTER USING THE COMMAND LINE INTERFACE (CLI) General This chapter describes the use of the CLI for configuring and monitoring the CDM-570/570L Modem Router in a Vipersat network. Each CLI screen related to a CDM-570/570L operating in Vipersat mode is presented, along with a detailed description of the available commands. For descriptions of all other screens, refer to the CDM-570/570L Installation and Operation Manual.
General Common Screen Commands The following commands appear on each of the menu screens: Save Parameters to Permanent Storage To Save the current parameter settings to permanent storage, enter S at the command prompt. This command saves all data that has been entered from any of the CLI screens since the last save was executed. Exiting a screen without saving after parameters have been changed does not mean that the changes are not applied.
Menu Descriptions Menu Descriptions This section details the CLI command menus and briefly discusses the function of each of the commands available on each menu. Main menu The Main Menu, shown in figure 3-1, allows configuring both the modem and router functions of the target CDM-570/570L.
Menu Descriptions Figure 3-2 Administration screen Ensure that the Working Mode is set to Router-Vipersat. If it is not, enter C at the command prompt and change the setting by selecting 4, as shown in figure 3-3. The unit will automatically reboot in order to implement the change for this setting. Figure 3-3 Working Mode dialog NOTE Note: If the Router-Vipersat option does not appear as a selection, the Vipersat Feature Code has not yet been entered into this unit.
Menu Descriptions Feature Configuration The Feature Configuration screen shown in figure 3-4 allows the Enabling and Disabling of the major Vipersat CDM-570/570L features.
Menu Descriptions Figure 3-5 FAST Feature Code dialog Tip: Contact either the network administrator or Comtech Vipersat Networks Customer Support to obtain the FAST Feature code. A convenient option is to use the Vipersat Vload utility to manage Feature codes. Vipersat Management This item is an information only display and indicates whether Vipersat Management is enabled or disabled in the target Vipersat CDM-570/570L.
Menu Descriptions See the section “STDMA/SCPC Automatic Switching” on page 3-27 for more details on the use of this feature. For additional information, refer to Appendix B, “Automatic Switching,”. Vipersat File Streamer Vipersat File Streamer (VFS) is an optional feature that allows rapid file transfers over the satellite network between host PCs that are running the client VFS application.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Vipersat Configuration Enter V at the command prompt from the CDM-570/570L Main Menu shown in figure 3-1 to display the Vipersat Configuration screen shown in figure 3-6. Figure 3-6 Vipersat Configuration screen (Hub) This menu lists the available commands for configuring a Vipersat CDM-570/ 570L. Note that for the Hub modem only, the command Primary Heart Beat is displayed in the Vipersat Configuration screen.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Figure 3-7 STDMA screen (Hub, Dynamic Cycle type) Figure 3-8 STDMA screen (Remote) STDMA This menu item is read-only and shows the current state of STDMA in the CDM-570/570L. In order to change the STDMA state in the CDM-570/570L, refer to the section “Feature Configuration” on page 3-5. STDMA Tx Rate This menu item shows the STDMA transmit rate in bps. This item is read-only and cannot be modified in this menu.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Hub Type This menu item is only displayed if the CDM-570/570L is being used as a Hub in the network, and provides the functionality for the STDMA Burst Controller. Vipersat STDMA has five modes of operation: • Fixed — all remotes get the same data slot time (slot size) in the cycle, regardless of activity. Cycle time is fixed also. • Dynamic Slot — data slot time of remotes vary according to activity, cycle time does not.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n 2 – Dynamic Slot In the Dynamic Slot mode, slot size is adjusted each cycle depending on the activity during the previous cycle. The slot size for each remote is computed based on the time (at the current data rate) needed to transmit all the bytes in queue. If the result is less than the minimum slot size or more than the maximum slot size, the slot is adjusted accordingly.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n switching and Load switching Enabled. Also, the settings for Step Up and Step Down Threshold values should be adjusted as necessary for the application. 5 – Entry Channel The Entry Channel mode provides remotes in the group with a shared channel in which they can gain initial access to the network. Since very small STDMA data rates are required in this configuration, a larger number of remotes can share the cycle.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n The target CDM-570/570L Group ID can be modified by entering an I at the command prompt to display the dialog shown in figure 3-10. Figure 3-10 Group ID prompt STDMA Power Hunt This menu item appears for Remote modems only. Should link reception from a Remote be incorrect or impaired (e.g.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Burstmap Multicast IP This menu item is used to define the IP address for the Burstmap Multicast that is sent out by the STDMA burst controller at the Hub to all of the associated remotes in that group. This address must be the same for all members of the group. The burstmap is a proprietary message sent from the Hub to all remotes, at regular intervals, specifying the relative start time and duration for each terminal to transmit.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Cycles Per Burst Map This menu item, which appears for all Hub types except Dynamic Cycle and GIR, displays the number of spin cycles that will occur prior to each broadcast of the Burst Map by the burst controller to the remotes. One cycle is the amount of time it takes for all remotes in a group to burst on the common channel. The burst map provides each remote with its allocated bandwidth and position in the cycle.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n On Remote units, this menu item is an information-only display. NOTE Note: The value entered at the command line in figure 3-14 is in milliseconds. The corresponding value expressed in bytes is calculated by the CDM-570/570L based on the STDMA transmit bit rate as shown in the menu in figure 3-7.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Depending on the Hub type that is defined for the modem, the appearance of this parameter will vary: • Fixed – Slot Data Length • Dynamic Slot – Nominal Data Length, Minimum Data Length • Dynamic Cycle – Maximum Data Length, Minimum Data Length • Entry Channel – Slot Data Length, Minimum Data Length • GIR – Minimum Data Length On a Hub unit, entering B and M at the command prompt brings up the dialogs for specifying the data length in milli-seconds for the target CD
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n From a Hub CDM-570/570L, entering R at the command prompt displays the STDMA Remotes Menu. Figure 3-17 STDMA Remotes Menu screen The menu shown in figure 3-17 is used to define and make modifications to the Remotes that belong to the STDMA group for the Hub burst controller, as well as to display each Remote’s burstmap status information.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n • U = Used – This Remote is being used in the burstmap. Once a remote has been added to the STDMA group, this status will always be displayed. • B = Burstmap – This Remote is currently in the burstmap. This status will be displayed unless the remote has been removed (R), disabled (D), or switched (S) out of the STDMA burstmap. • R = Removed – This Remote is currently removed from the burstmap.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Set Remote Policies This menu item, which appears for GIR and Entry Channel Hub types, allows each Remote to be configured for specific data switching conditions. Entering P at the STDMA Remotes Menu command prompt displays the Remote Policies screens shown in either figure 3-20 (GIR Hub) or figure 3-22 (Entry Channel Hub).
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n The Remote Policies screen for an Entry Channel Hub type allows the SCPC data rates and switch types to be specified for when the Remotes will switch and the desired starting points for communications. Figure 3-22 Entry Channel Switch Rates screen Entering the Remote number at the command prompt in figure 3-22 allows the SCPC Data Rate and the Switch Type for that Remote to be set, as shown in figure 3-23.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Figure 3-24 Global SCPC Data Rate prompt Similarly, the Global Switch Type command can be used to set the switch type for all or a majority of the Remotes. Enter H at the command prompt. Figure 3-25 Global Switch Type prompt Delete Remote Entering D at the command prompt shown in figure 3-17 brings up the Delete Remote dialog shown in figure 3-26.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n In the example screen shown above, Remotes 1 and 2 are Enabled and Remotes 3 and 4 are Disabled. View Remote(s) Entering V at the command prompt shown in figure 3-17 will display the listing of Remote(s) that belong to the STDMA group for this Hub burst controller, and their status, as shown in figure 3-28. Figure 3-28 View Remote(s) screen The display is for information only and pressing any key will return the screen to the menu shown in figure 3-17.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Remove Retry Timeout Entering T at the command prompt in figure 3-17 will display the Remove Retry Timeout dialog shown in figure 3-30. Figure 3-30 Remove Retry Timeout prompt When a Remote is removed from the STDMA group, as described in the section “Remove Timeout” above, entering a value in the Remove Retry Timeout dialog defines the amount of time (in seconds) that is allowed to pass before a retry attempt is made to return the removed Remote to the group.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Figure 3-31 STDMA Statistics screen (Hub) Figure 3-32 STDMA Statistics screen (Remote) The window of time that is used to average the accumulation of statistics can be set by entering W at the command prompt in the Hub screen, then entering the number of seconds (from 1 to 20). To clear (reset to 0) these statistics, enter C at the command prompt.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Figure 3-33 Hub Statistics screen The Burst Controller monitors statistics in the received ACK from each Remote. The statistics report the fill status of the STDMA buffers. The Burst Controller builds a table of the group and calculates the relative buffer fill for each Remote. It then calculates the length of the Data Slot for each Remote based on the Minimum Slot Size plus a percentage of the Available Bandwidth.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n STDMA/SCPC Automatic Switching One of the most powerful features of the Vipersat CDM-570/570L is the capability to perform Automatic switching between STDMA mode and SCPC mode based on bandwidth demand. The configuration options that are available to meet customer-specific requirements are extensive, and include switching based on Load, Application (Voice and Video RTP), ToS, and QoS.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Load switching is controlled by both the Hub and the Remote, and thus related commands appear in both screens. The initial Load switch request is made by the Hub. Once in SCPC mode, subsequent Load switch requests (Step Up, Step Down) are made by the Remote. Application switching, ToS switching, and QoS switching are controlled by the Remote, and thus appear only in the Remote Auto Switching screen.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Tip: This menu item is useful for determining whether a Remote modem is currently operating in STDMA or SCPC mode. Voice & Video Application Switching One of the four automatic switching functions that the Vipersat CDM-570/570L is able to perform is Application Switching. The Vipersat CDM-570/570L provides application switching for non-encrypted SIP and/or H.323 traffic that is detected on the satellite network.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Entering I at the command prompt toggles the Video Switch Detection command for the CDM-570/570L between Enabled and Disabled. When enabled, a video data-stream will be detected, causing the CDM-570/570L to send a switch request to the VMS to switch from STDMA to SCPC mode. ToS Switch Detection This menu item appears for Remote modems only.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n based switching in encrypted networks where the signaling protocols are encrypted or effectively hidden. NOTE Note: Load switching by the VMS is not affected by enabling ToS detection. QoS Switch Detection This menu item appears for Remote modems only. One of the four automatic switching functions that the Vipersat CDM-570/570L is able to perform is QoS (Quality of Service) Switching.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Figure 3-36 QoS Configuration screen Enter Q at the command prompt in figure 3-36 to access the QoS Rules Configuration screen, as shown in figure 3-37. Figure 3-37 QoS Rules Configuration screen Configure the desired number of rules that are necessary for the applications to be used for this network. Refer to the CDM-570/570L Installation and Operation Manual for details on configuring QoS Rules for the CDM-570/570L.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Configure QoS Rules Based Switching Enter V at the command prompt in figure 3-36 to access the QoS Rules Based Switching screen for the Remote modem, as shown in figure 3-38. Figure 3-38 QoS Rules Based Switching screen Determine which QoS rules will be used as a basis for performing SCPC switching, then configure the VMS policy type, the SCPC switch rate, and the timeout value to be associated with each rule.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n The Load Switching command on the Auto Switching menu is a toggle that Enables and Disables Load Switching on the target CDM-570/570L. Entering B at the command prompt will toggle between these two states. NOTE Note: Load switching must be Enabled for any CDM-570/570L that will experience changing load conditions in order for the VMS to dynamically optimize network performance on these circuits.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Figure 3-40 STDMA Switch Delay prompt Percent Allocation This menu item appears for Hub modems only. The Percent Allocation menu item allows adding a fixed percentage to the channel bandwidth request to accommodate additional bandwidth requirements which may occur after the switch is made from STDMA to SCPC mode.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Figure 3-42 SCPC Step Up Threshold prompt SCPC Step Down Threshold This menu item appears for the Remote modem only. The SCPC Step Down Threshold establishes the percentage of bandwidth use that will trigger a switch down from the present SCPC rate to a lower rate to ensure efficient bandwidth usage.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Figure 3-44 SCPC Step Delay prompt SCPC Step Up Excess This menu item appears for the Remote modem only. During each SCPC Step Up switch, the excess capacity data rate value entered by this command is added to the new SCPC data rate. This excess is added each time an SCPC Step Up switch occurs. This setting makes additional bandwidth available for when the demand arises while minimizing Step Up switching events.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Enter C at the command prompt in the Auto Switching screen to display the dialog shown in figure 3-46. Figure 3-46 Keep Alive Timer for Carrier Inhibit prompt Note that this timer setting should be at least three times faster (shorter in duration) than the timer setting at the Remote(s) to ensure that network links are maintained. Time for Carrier Inhibit This menu item appears for the Remote modem only.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n When ToS switching is enabled on a CDM-570/570L, the parameters for ToS switching must be defined by entering P from the STDMA/SCPC Auto Switching screen (see figure 3-35). The TOS Switching Control menu shown in figure 3-48 is displayed, allowing parameter entry for the desired ToS service to be applied.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n • Enter the TOS ID - Enter an integer value in the range of 1 to 63. Entering a value of 0 will result in no switch. • Enter the Switch Type - Enter an integer value in the range of 64 to 254 at the prompt to inform the VMS what switching policy to use. Entering a value of 0 will result in no switch. • Enter the TOS SCPC Switch Data Rate - Enter the desired data rate for this service type. Valid entries are from 0 to 10,000 Kbps.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Figure 3-51 ToS View screen Hitless Switching Parameters Unless inherent delays in configuring both ends of a satellite bandwidth link during dynamic switching are accounted for, transmitted data may be lost during the transition. The time for a switch command to be sent across the satellite link (~ 250 ms), the command processing time, as well as receiver acquisition time must be considered.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Delay for Demod This parameter allows the operator to insert additional delay to account for the tuning of the demodulator. Enter D to modify this parameter. LockTimes LockTime settings for the four data rates displayed can be adjusted either up or down, but default settings based on satellite testing should be used as a starting point. These defaults are stored in each modulator/demodulator unit and are restored by entering R at the command prompt.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n In a fixed environment, enabling this feature will allow an operator to use the VMS to maintain the route tables for the Hub TDM. Figure 3-54 VMS Routes in Route Table Enter F at the command prompt to toggle this setting. SOTM Mode This menu item appears for Remote modems only. When a Remote modem is utilized in a SOTM application, it is under the control of the ROSS.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Figure 3-55 Unit Role prompt The choice made in this command will determine the role the target CDM-570/ 570L will perform in the network and what type of commands and functions it will receive from the VMS. Refer to table 2-1 and table 2-2 for a breakdown of network roles and related functions and features.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Network ID. Enter B at the command prompt in the Vipersat Configuration screen (figure 3-6) to display the dialog shown in figure 3-57. Figure 3-57 Network ID prompt The Network ID is used by the VMS to identify units that are common to a network and allows the VMS to manage multiple networks, each with its own unique Network ID number.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n the VMS receives the unicast response, it registers the CDM-570/570L on the network. Enter V at the command prompt in the Vipersat Configuration screen (figure 3-6) to display the dialog shown in figure 3-59. Figure 3-59 Receive Multicast IP Address prompt Switch requests can be unicast to the VMS server and unicast switch commands received from the VMS by the CDM-570/570L. For more information on this process, refer to the VMS User Guide.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n This managing address is automatically updated on a periodic basis for modems that are newly enabled, incorrectly set, or following VMS changeovers (redundancy switching). The status of the registration process is displayed for this parameter as follows: • NOT-DEFINED — modem has booted up, but is unaware of the managing address. • No STDMA Xmit Grant — operator has entered managing address, but modem (Remote) is not currently receiving burst maps.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Because this feature is configured in the VMS, the status (Disabled, or the Time Period in minutes) appears as an information-only display in the Vipersat Configuration menu (figure 3-6). Dynamic Power Control Configuration Dynamic Power Control (DPC) is a Vipersat feature that acts to regulate the transmit power of the Vipersat satellite modem, such that the specified receive signal level (Eb/No) is met for the receiving Vipersat units in the group.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Figure 3-62 DPC Configuration screen (SCPC mode) NOTE Note: The following descriptions will refer to the CDM-570/570L as either modulator or demodulator for simplicity and understanding. Before enabling DPC, the operator should verify that a demodulator at another terminal is receiving from this modulator, and that there is a working communications channel from that receiving station back to the modulator terminal (inband communications).
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Nominal Power Level This menu item is for information only and displays the Nominal Power Level in dB for the modulator. This power level is pulled from the Home State and will vary as the data rate varies. Max Power The commissioning of a satellite terminal must comply with the calculated link budget that is conducted before terminal installation.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n The value entered sets the minimum power level allowed by all SCPC modulators. Target EbNo The Target EbNo is the desired operating receive level for closed loop servo control. This is the value used by the receiving CDM-570/570L for comparison with the actual received Eb/No. This information is sent back to the transmitting terminal for output power level adjustment as necessary.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n to every 15 seconds until the receive level is greater than the set value. This provides a loop speed up to rapidly regain link quality. Enter Q at the command prompt in the DPC Configuration screen to display the Speed Up EbNo dialog shown in figure 3-67. The default value for this parameter is 5 dB.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n and their status and EbNo values are displayed in the Vipersat Summary screen, DPC details (see “Vipersat Summary” on page 3-59). BaseLine Power The BaseLine Power is an information only display, and is a function of the power given to the modem by the VMS for the last switch command based on link budget calculations. At boot up and prior to receiving a switch command, this value will match the Nominal Power Level (Home State value).
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Enter H at the command prompt in the Vipersat Configuration screen to display the Home State Configuration screen shown in figure 3-69. Figure 3-69 Home State Configuration screen Note that each of these Transmit and Receive parameters are the same as found in the Tx Configuration and the Rx Configuration screens that are in the Satellite Modem Configuration menu.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Force Modem to Home State If at any time it is desired to have a CDM-570/570L return to its Home State, this command (enter Y) can be executed. The Home State parameter values are “forced” into the Base Modem configuration so that they match. The Base Modem parameters will be updated to reflect the configuration that has been set from this menu. A warning message is displayed as shown in figure 3-70, requiring the command to be confirmed before it is executed.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Figure 3-72 Transmit Data Rate prompt Note that the valid range for this parameter will vary depending on the Modulation Type, Coding Rate, and FAST feature Data Rate. Transmit FEC Type Enter C at the command prompt to use the dialog shown in Figure 3-73 to enter the FEC Coding Type for the CDM-570/570L’s Home State. Turbo must be selected when operating in Vipersat mode.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Transmit Modulation Type Entering E at the command prompt to use the dialog shown in figure 3-75 to set the Transmit Modulation Type for the target CDM-570/570L’s Home State. Figure 3-75 Transmit Modulation Type prompt Transmit Power Level Enter F at the command prompt to use the dialog shown in Figure 3-76 to set the Transmit Power Level for the target CDM-570/570L’s Home State.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Figure 3-77 Receive Frequency prompt Note that this screen dialog example displays the frequency range for the CDM570L L-Band modem. For the CDM-570, the range displayed will be either 50 to 90 MHz or 100 to 180 MHz. Receive Data Rate Enter N at the command prompt to use the dialog shown in Figure 3-78 to set the Receive Data Rate for the target CDM-570/570L’s Home State.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Receive Coding Rate Enter P at the command prompt to use the dialog shown in Figure 3-80 to set the Receive Coding Rate for the target CDM-570/570L’s Home State. Figure 3-80 Receive Coding Rate prompt Note that Coding Rates 3 (1/2), 4 (2/3), and 8 (1/1) are not valid selections when operating in Vipersat mode with Turbo Product Coding.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Figure 3-82 Vipersat Summary screen (Hub) The Node ID number that appears in this screen verifies that the unit is registered with the VMS and is active in the network. This number is automatically assigned by the VMS. The two frequency listings are for the modulator (0) and the demodulator (1) for the CDM-570/570L. The IF values represent the Intermediate Frequency (Hz) that this unit is currently using.
V i p e r s a t C o n f i g u r a t io n Vipersat Migration The Vipersat Migration command is used to set the compatibility mode for the Hub Burst Controller when conducting a firmware upgrade on the associated CDM-570/570L Remotes. Although this command appears in the menu for both the Hub modem and the Remote modem, it only applies to STDMA Controllers and TDM Outbound modems at the Hub.
V i p e r s a t C o nf i g u r a t i o n Caution: This command affects all communications for the VMS and STDMA. If the base address is changed, it must be changed in the VMS as well as in all modems in all networks controlled by the VMS. The base address must also be changed when using VLOAD with this network.
APPENDIX NETWORK ADDRESSING Introduction This Appendix is an overview of network addressing and how it applies to configuring the CDM-570/570L for use in Vipersat Networks.
The OSI Reference Model The OSI Reference Model OSI is an acronym for Open Systems Interconnection. This is a network model created by ISO (the International Standardization Organization.) The OSI model is the basic standard which forms the basis for all networking protocols. Figure A-1 The Seven OSI Protocol Layers The OSI model defines the building blocks used to construct a working network protocol as shown in Figure A-1.
The OSI Reference Model Together, these two sub-layer protocols are responsible for moving packets on and off the network. Layer 3 / Network Layer – Layer 3 is responsible for routing packets through multiple networks. The Layer 3 protocol operates without regard to the underlying protocols in use. For example, routers operate at Layer 3.
B i na r y Ma t h Binary Math Network devices communicate using BITS, where a bit is a single digit represented by a 1 or a 0, or by using BYTEs, where a byte is made up of eight bits in any combination of 1’s or 0’s. A byte is also referred to as an octet. Figure A-2 Bits and Bytes An octet can be converted to or from binary using the technique shown in the decimal conversion chart in Figure A-3. The conversion chart also shows the decimal equivalent of the binary number.
B i n ar y M at h changed the numbering base (radix.) All digital processes are done in binary. The conversion to decimal is done whenever binary values need to be read or entered by humans as their decimal equivalents.
I P Ad d r e s s i n g IP Addressing An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a unique set of numbers assigned to a device on a network to uniquely identify that device (by its IP address). An IP address is a unique number composed of four octets, with each octet separated by a dot. This notation style is called dotted decimal notation. Each IP address can be broken down into two parts, as shown in the example below: Example: 128.121.188.201 The first two octets are the network ID: 128.
I P A d d r e s s in g • 16-bit network number • 16-bit node number CLASS A CLASS B CLASS C Address Class HighOrder-Bits 1st Octet Decimal Range Networks Available Hosts Available Class A 0 1-126.x.y.z 126 16,777,214 Class B 10 128-191.x.y.z 16,384 65,534 Class C 110 192-223.x.y.z 2,097,152 254 Figure A-4 IP Address Classes A, B, C Class C • 192.0.1.x to 223.255.254.
I P Ad d r e s s i n g Class E • 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255 • Reserved for experimental use and limited broadcast Private Network IP Addresses RFC 1918 defines blocks of addresses for use on private networks: • 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255 • 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255 • 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.
I P A d d r e s s in g In the process of subnetting, bits are borrowed from the host ID portion of an IP address and are then given to the network ID. Then a “Subnet Mask” gets assigned to the host along with the IP address. Subnetting is required if the network is segmented. Subnet Mask The Subnet Mask is used by the host to determine if a destination IP address is on the local or on a remote network segment. The table in Figure A-6 shows the default subnet mask used for each class of IP address.
I P Ad d r e s s i n g Dotted Decimal Address Binary Values IP Address 192.168.2.66 11000000.10101000.00000010.01000010 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 ANDing Result 192.168.2.0 11000000.10101000.00000010.00000000 Figure A-7 ANDing an IP address and a subnet mask A calculator, available from SolarWinds, performs these IP and subnet mask calculations and can be found at: http://support.solarwinds.net/updates/SelectProgramFree.
I P A d d r e s s in g Each of the four subnets can, in turn, support 64 members. The example subnet used above yielded 4 subnets, but you can use a different mask to meet the specific requirements of your network. Default Gateways A default gateway is a network device, usually a router, that is responsible for routing data packets out of the local network segment.
I P Ad d r e s s i n g • The first six characters are issued to the organization. • The second six characters are assigned to the hardware interface by manufacturing.
APPENDIX AUTOMATIC SWITCHING General Automatic switching is a feature of the VMS that allows dynamically changing the network configuration in response to changes in either traffic type (Application switching) or network traffic loads (Load switching.) The following material applies to the Vipersat CDM-570/570L, CDD-562L/ 564/564L, and CDM-600. For purposes of simplicity, these units shall be referred to as modem/routers.
General meet their QoS and cost requirements within their bandwidth allocation. The result is a stable satellite network connection that automatically responds to the customer’s requirements while continuously monitoring and reacting to changing load, data type, and QoS requirements. Bandwidth Allocation and Load Switching Load Switching is the mechanism by which the Vipersat network switches a Remote terminal from STDMA to SCPC mode based on traffic levels at the Remote.
L o a d S w i t c h in g Load Switching The next sections describe the principles behind Load Switching and Rate Adjustment (Step Up/Step Down). Bandwidth Allocation and Load Switching by the STDMA Controller As part of normal STDMA processing, the Hub monitors the traffic levels from each of the Remotes for which it is allocating bandwidth. This is done using the STDMA ACK management message (table B-1) that is transmitted at the beginning of each burst from the Remote.
Load Switching If there is adequate upstream bandwidth available, the values of these two metrics will be the same. However, if there is not enough bandwidth to satisfy the traffic requirements of the Remote, or if the Remote has exceeded the maximum allocation, some data will be held for the next cycle. In this case, the number of Bytes in Queue will start to grow and will exceed the Queued Bytes. (In other words, the Bytes in Queue is the sum of the data not yet transmitted plus the new data received.
L o a d S w i t c h in g that Remotes that have been assigned a GIR are paying a premium and should benefit from available excess bandwidth when needed. Note that the GIR allocations are restricted so that the assigned GIR totals cannot exceed available bandwidth. If this restriction is somehow violated, then it will not be possible to properly allocate bandwidth when the network is overloaded.
Load Switching • STDMA Slot Capacity - This is a threshold value. When the amount of outbound traffic at a Remote exceeds this percentage of the current STDMA slot capacity, a load switch is initiated. It is important to understand that in most STDMA modes, the amount of bandwidth allocated to a Remote varies with need and thus from cycle to cycle. Thus the amount of traffic that constitutes X% will also vary from cycle to cycle.
L o a d S w i t c h in g as the network is running below capacity, most Remotes will get the bandwidth they need and a switch will not be required. Only when a Remote requires more bandwidth than is available in STDMA will a switch occur. In Dynamic Cycle mode, each Remote will always appear to be running at near 100% capacity, even when there is actually excess bandwidth available. This is because in Dynamic Cycle mode, the Remotes are almost never given more bandwidth than they need.
Load Switching • SCPC Stepup Excess - Same as Percent Allocation at Hub. Note that the value applies to both Step Up and Step Down switches, and if computed against the average traffic load at the time the switch is intiated. Determining Need-for-Change The following process is used to determine if bandwidth utilization warrants a need-for-change. The operator defines both a Step Up and Step Down threshold in terms of percent utilization, a bandwidth margin value, and a latency or averaging period.
L o a d S w i t c h in g Figure B-3 Load Switching diagram A load switch is illustrated in figure B-3 using the following process: 1. A load is generated by an application that is running at a Remote. In this example, the application is a video stream. 2. The data is connected to the Remote modem/router over an ethernet link for transmission to the satellite.
Load Switching channel space (bandwidth) requirements to accommodate the data flow requested by the STDMA Controller. 6. If the VMS finds available resources, it processes the switch request and sends tuning commands that switch the Remote out of STDMA and into SCPC mode. The modem/router continuously monitors traffic flow volume. Whenever a preset upper or lower limit is exceeded, the modem/router sends a request to the VMS to change bandwidth by the amount needed to meet the new requirement.
A p p l i c a t i o n S w i t c h in g Application Switching Application switching, illustrated in figure B-4, also is capable of changing bandwidth use, but the change is determined entirely by the type of application being requested, ignoring load requirements. Figure B-4 Application Switching diagram In a system configured for application switching, the Remote site modem/router looks for a packet in the data stream coming from the LAN that is configured using the H.
Application Switching • Voice over IP (VoIP) Each application type will have been assigned a bandwidth allocation when the policy for the Remote is established. The voice application, for example, might have had the bandwidth set in the policy to handle three simultaneous voice connections. When a VoIP protocol is detected in the H.225 signaling protocol, the modem/router requests the VMS to switch the bandwidth to accommodate three voice circuits.
T y p e o f S e r v i c e ( T o S ) S w i t c h in g Type of Service (ToS) Switching Type of Service (ToS) Switching is typically used on circuits carrying encrypted traffic where the packets cannot be examined to determine the type of traffic being carried. Normally, in a non-encrypted Vipersat network, packets are classified by the Remote modem/router using protocol classification detection and the results are forwarded to the VMS via ASR messages.
E n t r y C h a n n e l M od e ( E C M ) S w i t c h i n g Entry Channel Mode (ECM) Switching STDMA Entry Channel Mode provides a method for Remotes requiring SCPC access channels to enter/re-enter the network initially or after a power or other site outage. The switch time will be variable based on the burst rate (bps) of the STDMA group, the number of Remotes with slots in the group, and where in the burst cycle the Remote is when it acknowledges receipt of the Burst Map.
E n t r y C h a n n e l M o d e ( E C M ) S w i t c h in g Burst Map causing it to rejoin the network through ECM. The VMS will park the demodulator previously in use and free the bandwidth slot. 2. If the outage was due to an extended rain fade or other communications blockage with no loss of power, the Remote will rejoin the network via the previously assigned SCPC channel. When the VMS receives a PLDM it will send a Revert-to-Home State command and free the bandwidth slot and burst demodulator.
E n t r y C h a n n e l M od e ( E C M ) S w i t c h i n g ECM Switch Recovery > 3min. VMS State Connected Burst Demod Switched Demod Remote 0 0 Unit Reboot Satellite Delay 250 ms + 30ms E-E State Disconnected 180 Registration Acknowledgment Failure 189 Revert Switch Command 189.05 Revert Acknowledgment Failure 192 Switch Command ECM 240.28 Failure Failure 180.28 No Communications 189.35 No Communications > 240 Home State- STDMA TX Grant Burst ACK 240.
APPENDIX DYNAMIC POWER CONTROL Introduction Dynamic Power Control (DPC) provides a mechanism whereby VIPERSAT satellite links have their transmit power levels adjusted in order to optimize the receive signal quality (as measured by the demodulator Eb/No). This optimization process acts to either increase or decrease transmitted signal levels in order to: • Achieve a minimum level of received Eb/No consistent with providing an error free link.
Introduction control algorithm is a closed loop servo-mechanism with the received Eb/No values as the input function and the modulator’s transmit power as the output function. Only modulator transmit power is controlled by the algorithm since the receive chain has its own automatic gain control. DPC can be applied to any or all of the modems with the exception of the STDMA burst control demodulators.
Description Description Operation of the DPC algorithm is controlled by the parameters shown in table C-1, below.
D e s c r i p ti o n tion is established and data starts to flow, the modulator begins receiving DPC packets from the demodulator and adjusting its transmit power level accordingly. The transmit power level is compared to the received Eb/No. Depending on whether the transmit power is high or low, the modulator transmit output level is adjusted until the Eb/No is within the range set by the Target Range for no power adjustment.
Description 2 dB). This prevents loss of the link due to power value changes based on fade conditions. This feature is automatic and requires no operator intervention. Adjustment for Data Rate The maximum output power level is scaled according to the data rate at which the modulator is transmitting. Consider, for example, a system that normally runs at a data rate of 512 kbps with a Nominal Power Level of -10 dBm and a Maximum Power Level of -5 dBm.
D e s c r i p ti o n DPC Scaling Function Figure C-1 DPC Scaling Function Figure C-1 illustrates the scaling function, based on the ratio of power level to data rate, of the DPC system. Once this ratio is mapped out for the system, the DPC scaling function will automatically determine the appropriate power level for any given data rate.
Description menu). If these home state parameters have not been entered, DPC will not be able to function and will disable itself, resulting in an error message that is displayed in the CLI. Under most circumstances, the system will be running at the Calibrated Data Rate, at the Calibrated Nominal Power level. When the VMS sends a switch command to the CDM, the modem will go to a different data rate, and will calculate a nominal power level for the transmitter.
D e s c r i p ti o n { This Page Intentionally Blank } C-8 Vipersat CDM-570/570L User Guide
APPENDIX NETWORK MIGRATION Upgrading CDM-570/CDD-56X Series Modems to Firmware Version 1.5.3 General This document covers the migration of networks with CDM-570 and CDD-56X series modems to IP Router firmware version 1.5.3 from any earlier versions of code. It addresses the issues customers will face when migrating their networks and provides a step-by-step plan to facilitate the process.
General provided to facilitate picking up new or offline units. This migration tool includes temporary control parameters for Hub units that allow the operator to select an operation mode that is compatible with Remotes running v1.5.2 (or earlier) firmware. When this operation mode is chosen for the TDM outbound and the appropriate Burst Controller(s), communications with v1.5.2 (or earlier) straggler/offline Remotes will be restored. At this point they can be upgraded to v1.5.
Firmware Upgrade Firmware Upgrade Upgrade Overview This procedure describes the v1.5.3 firmware upgrade process using both the Vipersat Vload Utility and a Telnet connection. For detailed information on using Vload, refer to the Vload Utility User Guide. Caution: This firmware installation procedure requires the modem to be rebooted which, in turn, will cause a satellite circuit to drop momentarily.
Firmware Upgrade 3) Save to Flash on all units and reset them to Latest/Oldest. 4) "Get Information" (VLOAD needs current information before performing each step). 5) Upgrade Bulk Image location #1 on the Base Modem to v1.4.5 and reset all boxes to "Latest" code. Note this is only necessary if unit is running < v1.4.4. 6) "Get Information" and load v1.5.1 Base Modem code to "Oldest" and reset all the modems to "Latest". 7) Load v1.5.
Firmware Upgrade Figure D-2 Main Menu, Telnet 2. Ensure that the Upgrade To setting is Oldest; if not, enter U to modify the setting. Figure D-3 Operations and Maintenance Menu 3. Enter S to save the setting. Repeat the above steps for each unit. Getting Information with VLOAD 1. The first step in getting information is to discover the units in the network. Do this by performing either an Add or an Add All with Vload, as shown in the figures below.
Firmware Upgrade Note that Add All will find all units on the network, which for a large network will result in an extensive list. Once the list is generated, units can be removed individually. Figure D-4 Initial Vload screen Figure D-5 Add All dialog Note that the Receive Multicast Address for the modem/routers is the same as the Transmit Multicast Address for the VMS. This IP address can be found under the VMS ViperView tree view “Vipersat Manager”/Properties.
Firmware Upgrade 2. Select, Edit, or Add the desired Multicast address(es) in the Add All dialog, then click OK. The list of units appears in the main Vload window, along with the progress status of connecting and retrieving information for each unit. Figure D-6 Get Information for IP Address It is very important to continue to get information after each step. VLOAD needs to be aware of the current configuration of the modem/routers when making decisions about “Oldest” and “Latest.” 3.
Firmware Upgrade Network or installed networks with large TDM or DVB Outbound Carriers. Take care not to over-run the outbound (TDM) transmission rate. • CodeCast - Vload will multicast to all selected IP addresses. The units must all have the same CodeCast address. CodeCast is useful for large networks that have limited bandwidth available on the TDM outbound. Refer to the Vload Utility User Guide for a description of each type and to determine which suits your network best.
Firmware Upgrade Figure D-8 Progress Status, Put Application Save and Reboot to Latest 1. Using either VMS or CLI, Save the parameters for each unit to flash. Then, using Vload, reboot with Hard Reset to Latest.
Firmware Upgrade Figure D-9 Hard Reset screen 2. Observe the main window again to monitor the progress status for successful completion of this Put operation.
Firmware Upgrade Get Information for Router v1.5.3 Figure D-11 Unit Information screen (Router) The new unit information will show that Image 1 Version=1.5.3 and that the Application Version=1.5.3. The application CurrentBoot should = the image slot location of 1.5.3, and NextBoot=Latest and Save=Oldest. The next part of this step is very important. Prior to version 1.5.3 code, the configuration files did not include all modem parameters or any Out Door Unit (ODU) parameters.
Firmware Upgrade 2. Save the configuration file. Open it using WordPad. Insure that the lines shown in figure D-13 are in the configuration near the bottom of the file. Figure D-13 Configuration File Text 3. If this text is not displayed, Save to flash again, get the configuration and check for them in the configuration file once more. Note that the contents of the text lines will differ based on the actual configuration and modem type. Upgrade Base Modem to v1.5.1 (CDM-570 Only) For units with v1.3.
Firmware Upgrade 2. Put the v1.4.5 modem firmware using the appropriate selected mode (Consecutive, Concurrent, or CodeCast). Figure D-15 Download v1.4.5 and Hard Reset screen 3. When the file transfer is completed, Hard Reset the Modem(s). Upgrade Image 1 on Base Modem to v1.5.1 4. Get Unit Information to show that v1.4.5 modem code is loaded in Image 1 and that the Base Modem Current Image = Image 1.
Firmware Upgrade If the file can not be found, it can be downloaded from the Comtech EF Data web site: http://www.comtechefdata.com/ The FW10805U.bin file can be found under Downloads, Flash Upgrades. Figure D-17 Download v1.5.1 and Hard Reset screen Download Base Modem v1.5.1 to Image 2 1. Get Unit Information to show that the current Base Modem image is Image 2, which is v1.5.1 firmware.
Firmware Upgrade 2. Repeat the Download procedure for the Base Modem v1.5.1 firmware file, but do not perform a Hard Reset; it is not necessary to reboot the modem again. This will insure that the v1.5.1 firmware is in both images in the Base Modem, as shown in figure D-19. Figure D-19 Unit Information screen (Base Modem v1.5.1) Download Router v1.5.3 to Image 2 1. Download the v1.5.3 firmware file to the Router Image 2. This insures that the latest firmware code is loaded in all images. 2.
Firmware Upgrade Completing Migration Picking Up Straggler/Offline Remotes Ideally, all Remote units will be online during the migration phase. However, in a live network this cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, Vipersat provides a way to temporarily revert the TDM outbound and Burst Controller(s) to v1.5.2 HDLC WAN Framing compatibility mode. Remotes that had lost power or otherwise were offline during the upgrade can be recovered at this time. Remotes running the v1.5.
Firmware Upgrade Figure D-22 Vipersat Configuration screen The Vipersat Migration Parameter "M" is available only on Hub non-expansion units. Figure D-23 Vipersat Migration prompt Select O to set the old framing mode to v1.5.2 or earlier. This parameter must be set in both outbound and inbound units to properly transmit/receive to/from Remote units.
Firmware Upgrade The straggler Remotes will now frame on the TDM outbound signal. The associated Burst Controller(s) will frame on the inbound signals from these Remotes ONLY. Download the v1.5.3 Router firmware and Reset the straggler Remotes. Return the network to N (1.5.3) compatibility.
APPENDIX GLOSSARY A ALC Automatic Limit Control is a closed loop mechanism controlling the gain stabilization of the HPA’s RF output power. APL Asynchronous Party Line – A VIPERSAT term for RS-485 multi-drop bus used for control of indoor equipment. See also SPL. ARP Address Resolution Protocol – A protocol for a LAN device to determine the MAC address of a locally connected device given its IP address. See also MAC.
BPS BPSK Bits Per Second – A measure of transmission speed. See also kb/s & Mb/s. Binary Phase Shift Keying – A modulation technique in which the carrier is phase shifted +/-180 degrees. See also QPSK. C C-Band A frequency band commonly used for satellite communications (and sometimes terrestrial microwave). For terrestrial earth stations the receive frequency band is 3.7-4.2 GHz and transmit 5.925-6.425 GHz. See also Ku-band.
E Eb/No E&M Eb/No Ratio Eb = energy per bit No = noise power density per Hz. The bit error rate (BER) for digital data is a decreasing function of this ratio. Eb is the energy of an information bit. Eb is measured in Joules, or equivalently in Watts per Hertz. Ear & Mouth (literally) – The signaling leads used to carry telephone circuit signaling or indicate circuit activity or status. F FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access – A technique where multiple users can access a common resource (e.g.
GUI Graphical User Interface – A form of graphical shell or user interface to a computer operating system. H HDLC High Level Data Link Control – A standard defining how data may be transmitted down a synchronous serial link. HPA High Power Amplifier – The amplifier used in satellite communications to raise the transmit signal to the correct power level prior to transmission to satellite. See also SSPA. HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol – The Internet standard for World Wide Web (WWW) operation.
Ku-Band A frequency band used for satellite communications. For terrestrial earth stations the receive frequency band is in the range 10.95 – 12.75 GHz and transmit 14.0 – 14.5 GHz. See also C-band. L L-Band A frequency band commonly used as an IF for satellite systems using block up/ down conversion. Usually 950-1450 MHz.
N NAT Network Address Translation – An Internet standard that enables a local-area network (LAN) to use one set of IP addresses for internal (private) traffic and a second set of addresses for external (public) traffic. NOC Network Operation Center – Has access to any earth station installed using the VIPERSAT Network Control System (VNCS). An NOC can remotely interrogate, control, and log network activities.
Q QPSK Quaternary Phase Shift Keying – A modulation technique in which the carrier is phase shifted +/-90 or +/-180 degrees. See also BPSK. R RF Radio Frequency – A generic term for signals at frequencies above those used for baseband or IF. RFC Request For Comment – The de-facto Internet standards issued by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
STDMA Selective Time Division Multiple Access – A multiple access technique where users time-share access to a common channel with selective sized time slots allocated on usage. T TCP/IP TDMA TFTP TPI Tx Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol – A standard for networking over unreliable transmission paths. See also UDP. Time Division Multiple Access – A multiple access technique where users contend for access to a common channel on a time-shared basis. See also FDMA and STDMA.
VOS Vipersat Object Service W Wizard A specialized program which performs a specific function, such as installing an application (installation wizard). WRED Weighted Random Early Detection – A queue management algorithm with congestion avoidance capabilities and packet classification (QoS) providing prioritization.
{ This Page is Intentionally Blank } E-10 V i p e r s a t C D M - 5 7 0 / 5 7 0 L U s e r G u id e
