CONTENTS! Chapter 1.Introduction 1.1 Preface Welcome to the latest version wall mounted ultrasonic flowmeter which is designed to be installed in a fixed location for long-term flow/heat measurement. Please read this instruction manual thoroughly before installing and operation. The wall mounted flowmeter is based on transit-time flow measurement principle. It measures flow rate of liquid in a closed pipe by using a pair of clamp-on or wetted ultrasonic transducers.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual related to the velocity of the liquid in the pipe. Where ! is the angle between the sound path and the flow direction M is the number of times the sound traverses the flow D is the pipe diameter Tup is the time for the beam travelling from upstream the transducer to the downstream transducer Tdown is the time for the beam travelling from the downstream transducer to the upstream transducer.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual Power plants, such as nuclear power plants and hydraulic power plants; Mining and metallurgy plants; Petroleum process monitoring and control; Chemical process monitoring and control; Pulp and paper process monitoring and control; Food and beverage processing; Marine maintenance and operation; Pipeline leakage detection; HVAC, hydronic balancing; Energy supply and production systems; Flow measurement networking 1.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual 1.8 Specifications TRANSMITTER Accuracy Repeatability Velocity range Measurement period keypad Display Units Outputs Inputs Data Logger Recording Communication Interface Other function Enclosure Weight Power supply ±1% of reading, plus ±0.006m/s(±0.02ft/s) in velocity Better than 0.2% ±0.03~±105ft/s(±0.01~±30m/s),bi-directional 0.5S 4!4 tactile-feedback membrane keypad LCD with backlight,2!20 letters English(U.S.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual Clamp-on type Standard S1 for 1”~4”(DN25-DN100mm) Standard M1 for 2”~28”(DN50-DN700mm) Standard L1 for 11”~240”(DN300-DN6000mm) High temperature S1H for 1”~4”(DN25-DN100mm) High temperature M1H for 2”~28”(DN50-DN700mm) Insertion wetted type For 3”~240”( DN80-DN6000mm) Flow-cell inline type Protection Class Transducer temperature Transducer cable LIQUIDS Liquid Types Liquid Temperature Pipe For DN15-DN1000mm Transducers: IP68 Standard clamp-on type: 0"~70
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual WARNING! The flowmeter can be used to measure flow of many liquids. Some of the liquids may be hazardous. It is important that user comply with local safety codes and regulations in installing and using electronic devices in the area. 2.2.Installation Considerations This section provides guidelines for installing the wall mounted transmitter and transducers. 2.2.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual 2.2.3 Distance from Transmitter to Transducer In general, the closer the transducer to the transmitter, the better the signals. All major cable suppliers can supply up to 1640ft (500m) long transducer cable as per specifications. 2.2.4 Transducer Cables The flowmeter requires twisted shielded cable for the transducers. We recommend to use the cable supplied by the manufacture.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual should see three terminal blocks which pins are labeled as 11,12 and 13.Normally, pin 13 should be connected to your Earth ground. Make sure your Earth ground is good. Pins 11 and 12 should be connected to Neutral and Line, respectively. If 24VDC power source is used, its positive lead and negative lead should be connected to pin 21 and 22. Please refer to the figure in Appendix 8.1 for more wiring information. 2.3.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual when entering numbers. Key[$/+] is the going UP key when the user wants to go to the upper menu window. It also works as + key when entering numbers. Key ! is the backspace key when the user wants to go Left or wants to backspace the left character that is located to the left of the cursor. Key ENT is the ENTER key for any input or selections. Key MENU is the key for the direct menu window jump over.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual LCD display, it means that modification operation is locked out. In such cases, the user should go to M48 to have the instrument unlocked before any further modification can be made. 2.6.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual (2) Try to polish the outer surface of the pipe, and apply more couplant to increase the signal strength. (3) Tenderly adjust the position of the two transducers, both vertically and horizontally, while checking the signal strength. Stop at the position where the signal strength reaches to maximum. Then, check the transducer spacing to make sure it is the same as or very close to what window M25 shows.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual 2) If the actual spacing of transducers is the same as or close to what shown on menu M25? 3) If the transducer are installed properly in the right direction? 4) If the mounting location is good, if the pipe has changed shape, or if the pipe is too old (i.e.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual Menu window No.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual (1) Tar Epoxy (2) Rubber (3) Mortar (4) Polypropylene (5) Polystryol (6)Polystyrene (7) Polyester (8) Polyethylene (9) Ebonite (10) Teflon (11) Other (need to enter liner sound speed in M17) M17 Window for entering the non-standard liner material speed.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual different with that in the flash memory, the system will store your current parameters into the flash memory and then boot again. By doing so, the parameters will always get lost, even when both the power supply and the backup battery are removed.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual M40 M41 M42 M43 M44 M45 M46 M47 M48 M49 M50 M51 M52 M53 M54 M55 The selection could also be changed automatically by the system, if English LCD display is used as the display device. Flow rate damper for a stable value. The damping parameter ranges form 0 to 999 seconds. 0 means there is no damping. Factory default is 10 seconds Low flow rate (or zero flow rate) cut-off to avoid invalid accumulation. Zero calibration/Zero point setup.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual M56 M57 M58 M59 M60 M61 M62 M63 M64 M65 M66 M67 M68 M69 M70 (6)20-0-20mA mode(can only be used with Version-15 flow meter) (7) 4-20mA corresponding flow velocity (8)4-20mA corresponding heat flow rate 4mA or 0mA output value, Set the value which corresponds to 4mA or 0mA output current (4mA or 0mA is determined by the setting in M55) 20mA output value, Set the value which corresponds to 20mA output current Current loop verification Check if the curren
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual M71 LCD contrast control. The LCD will become darker or brighter when a value is entered. M72 Working timer. It can be cleared by pressing ENT key, and then select YES. M75 Window to setup the lower limit of flow rate for Alarm#1. When the flow rate is below the set value, Alarm#1 equals ‘on’ Window to setup the upper limit of flow rate for Alarm#1.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual M80 M81 The available trigger sources are: 0. No Signal 1. Poor Signal 2. Not Ready(No*R) 3. Reverse Flow 4. AO Over 100% 5. FO Over 120% 6. Alarm #1 7. Reverse Alarm #2 8. Batch Control 9. POS Int Pulse 10.NEG Int Pulse 11.NET Int Pulse 12.Energy POS Pulse 13.Energy NEG Pulse 14.Energy NET Pulse 15.MediaVel=>Thresh 16.MediaVelo
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual M82 M83 M84 M85 M86 M87 M88 M89 M8. M90 M91 M92 output circuits. M81 and M80 should be used together to configure the batch controller. Note: Because the measuring period is 500mS, the flow for every dos should be keeping at 60 seconds long to get a 1% dose accuracy. View the daily, monthly and yearly flow totalizer and thermal energy totalizer value.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual M93 M94 M95 M96 M97 M98 M99 M+0 M+1 M+2 M+3 M+4 M+5 M+6 M+7 M+8 M+9 M.2 M.5 Displays total transit time and delta time(transit time difference) Displays the Reynolds number and the pipe factor used by the flow rate measurement program. Pipe factor is calculated based on the ratio of the line-average velocity and the cross-section average velocity.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual M.8 M.9 M-0 M-1 M-2 M-3 M-4 M-5 M-6 M-7 M-8 M-9 M-A M-B If the present Q is below this threshold, flow rate will be set to 0. This function is useful when flow meter is installed in noisy environment or on airy pipes. The maximum flow rates for today and this month. Serial port tester with CMM command output for very second.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual Before making the wiring, please refer to the figure in Appendix8.1. 4.1 External SD Data Logger The external SD data logger is installed inside enclosure of wall mounted unit, and steal 3.3VDC power from the flowmeter, and doesn’t external power supply. For more details, please contact us if you have such request. 4.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual 4mA calibration is finished. At this time, press again into the standard status of 20mA output, then calibrate it with the same way for 4mA. M59 is used to check the present current value of current output, and the value will be varied with changing of flow rate. 4.4 Analog Voltage Signal Output By paralleling connecting a 250%/0.25W resistor across the two current output terminals, the 4-20mA can be transferred voltage output of 1-5V. 4.5.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual 4.7 How to produce an alarm signal output There are two types of hardware alarms that are available with this instrument. One is the audible alarm, and the other is the ON/OFF output signal which can drive an alarm. The audible alarm is also called Buzzer. It is generated internally and can be configured in M77. The ON/OFF output signal is generated through the OCT or relay output which is connected to an external alarm circuitry.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual Notice the Frequency Output shares the same OCT hardware. When used as Frequency Output, the OCT cannot be used for other purpose (neither alarm signal nor totalizer pulse signal). The OCT has two wiring terminals, terminals 28 and 29. Terminal 28 is positive and terminal 29 is negative. Be careful of the polarity. An external DC power supply VX and an external pull-up resistor Rs are needed for using the OCT (Figure 3). Vx can be from +8VDC to +24VDC.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual The corresponding value of AI3,AI4, AI5 need to be set on M64,M65,M66 separately. The prior digit corresponds to the analogue value of 4mA, and the latter digit corresponds to the analogue value of 20mA. Example, assume to input pressure range 0~10kgs from pressure transmitter. The 4-20mA signal of pressure transmitter is connected to GND and AI5, then input ‘0’ to 4mA and ‘10’ to 20mA in window M66.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual two methods above are also different. Generally, the result in the first method is smaller than that from the second method.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual (PT100 resistor wiring connection) While prolong the wire of PT100 RTD, please try to use wire with thicker diameter, and also ensure the same specification for 3 wires to connect PT100 RTD. Please kindly note the thermal energy measurement circuit and flow measurement circuit are common-ground. 5.3 Window Menus for Thermal Energy Measurement Menu window M05: display energy rate (instantaneous Caloric) and total energy (Caloric).
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual Set two thermostats, one is set at 50±0.05!, and the other is set at 84.5±0.05!, then follow the steps as below: (1) Immerge two pieces of PT100 resistors into 50±0.05! thermostat (2) Enter (3) Enter , input hardware debug password 4213068 to open debug window. , then enter to window menu M-A(M-$), the flow meter will display’ Temperature Calibration at 50"’ and T1,T2 current original temperature value. .
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual B. Enter M56, input’0’,then enter C. Enter M57,input’1000’,then enter "The temperature measurement value outputted by printer or data recording 1).Instantaneous heater rate 2) Negative heater totalizer 3) Positive heater totalizer 4) Net heater totalizer 5) T1 temperature value 6) T2 temperature value 7) Analog input AI3,AI4 The setup window menu is M50,M51 and M52. For example, request to output instantaneous heater rate,positive heater totalizer, T1 temp.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual 6.5 How to use the totalizer multiplier Use window M33 to select a proper totalizer. Make sure that the totalizer pulse is appropriately speeded. It should not be too fast and neither too slow. A speed of producing a pulse in several seconds or minutes is preferable.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual 6.11 How to setup a zero point There exists a ‘Zero Point’ with certain installation which means the flow meter will display a non-zero value when the flow is absolutely stopped. In this case, setting a zero point with the function in window M42 will bring a more accurate measurement result. Make sure that there is no liquid running inside the pipe, and then run the function in window M42 by pressing the ENT key. 6.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual 6.16 How to use the Working Timer Use the working timer to check the time that has passed with a certain kind of operation. For example, use it as a timer to show how long a fully-charged battery will last. Under M72, press ENT key and then select YES to reset the timer. 6.17 How to use the manual totalizer Use M38 for the manual totalizer. Press ENT key to start and stop the totalizer. 6.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual M03>>M04>>M05>>M06>>M07>>M08>>M90>>M91>>M92>> M93>> M94>>M95. This function allows the user to visit all the important information without any manual action. To stop this function, simply press a key. Or switch to a window other than M95. 6.23 How to do the linearity correcting? How to enter into the data? When the product leaved the factory, the function is closed. The menu can realize almost 12 parts linearity correcting.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual Noted: before the calibration of the instrument, you must first close the linearity correcting function. If under the condition that the linearity correcting function has not closed, the calibration data sets arising from the amendment must be dealing with the reverse curve of the data following the original amendment, then input to the Instrument. Reverse amendment is very complicated, and should be avoided. 6.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual a single letter like I, R etc., on menu windows M00, M01, M02, M03, M90 and M08. When any abnormal Error Code shows, counter-measures should be taken. Error code Correspondent Message displayed on M08 Causes R System Normal No error Counter-measures (1)No Signals detected (2)Transducers installed improperly (3)Too much fouling (4)Pipe liners are too thick. (5)Transducer cords are not properly connected (1)Polish the pipe surface and clean the sport.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual F See Table 1 G Adjust Gain>S1 Adjust Gain>S2 Adjust Gain>S3 Adjust Gain>S4 (Shown in M00,M01,M02,M03) K Empty pipe, Setup on M29 Temporary problems while self-checking with power ON Permanent hardware problems with (1) Reboot the system (2) Contact the manufactuere Instrument is in the progress of adjusting the gain for the signal, and the number indicates the progressive steps.
Wall Mounted Ultrasonic Flowmeter---User Manual blocks are located on the lower part of the box. The terminal block pins are numbered and marked right below the pins.
Pipe Size Tables ! Table A1: Standard copper tubes according ASTM B88. ! Nominal ! Actual Outside Size Diameter (inches) (inches) Tolerance on Outside Diameter (inches) Annealed Drawn Wall Thickness (inches) Nominal Tolerance Type K 3/4 7/8 0.875 0.003 0.001 0.065 0.006 1 1 1/8 1.125 0.0035 0.0015 0.065 0.006 1 1/4 1 3/8 1.375 0.004 0.0015 0.065 0.006 1 1/2 1 5/8 1.625 0.0045 0.002 0.072 0.007 2 2 1/8 2.125 0.005 0.002 0.083 0.008 2 1/2 2 5/8 2.625 0.005 0.
! Type M 3/4 7/8 0.875 0.003 0.001 0.032 0.003 1 1 1/8 1.125 0.0035 0.0015 0.035 0.004 1 1/4 1 3/8 1.375 0.004 0.0015 0.042 0.004 1 1/2 1 5/8 1.625 0.0045 0.002 0.049 0.005 2 2 1/8 2.125 0.005 0.002 0.058 0.006 2 1/2 2 5/8 2.625 0.005 0.002 0.065 0.006 3 3 1/8 3.125 0.005 0.002 0.072 0.007 3 1/2 3 5/8 3.625 0.005 0.002 0.083 0.008 4 4 1/8 4.125 0.005 0.002 0.095 0.
! Table A2 (continued): Standard ANSI Pipe Size Data for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Pipe ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Nominal Pipe Size (in) 3/4 1 11/4 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 11/2 ! ! ! ! ! ! 2 Outer Diameter (in) 1.050 1.315 1.660 1.900 2.375 ! ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.19 Carbon Steel Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Wall Thickness Schedule Number Schedule Number 0.065 - - 5S 0.083 - - 10S Wall Thickness (in) 0.113 STD 40 40S 0.
! Table A2 (continued): Standard ANSI Pipe Size Data for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Pipe ! ! Nominal Pipe Size (in) ! ! ! 2 1&2 ! ! ! 3 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Outer Diameter (in) 2.875 3 1&2 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 4 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 5 Wall Thickness (in) 3.500 4.500 5.536 ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.19 Carbon Steel Wall Thickness Carbon Steel Schedule Number Stainless Steel Schedule Number $% $% 5S 0.120 $% $% 10S 0.203 STD 40 40S 0.276 XS 80 80S 0.375 $% 160 $% 0.
! Table A2 (continued): Standard ANSI Pipe Size Data for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Pipe ! ! Nominal Pipe Size (in) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 6 Outer Diameter (in) 6.625 ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.19 Carbon Steel Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Wall Thickness Schedule Number Schedule Number 0.109 - - 5S 0.134 - - 10S 0.280 STD 40 40S 0.432 XS 80 80S 0.562 - 120 - 0.719 - 160 - 0.864 XXS - - - 5S Wall Thickness (in) ! ! 0.
! Table A2 (continued): Standard ANSI Pipe Size Data for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Pipe ! ! Nominal ! ! Wall Pipe Size Diameter Thickness (in) (in) (in) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Outer 12 14 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 12.750 14.000 ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.19 Carbon Steel Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Wall Schedule Schedule Thickness Number Number 0.156 - - 5S 0.180 - - 10S 0.250 - 20 - 0.330 - 30 - 0.375 STD - 40S 0.
! Table A2 (continued): Standard ANSI Pipe Size Data for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Pipe ! ! ! ! ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.19 Carbon Steel Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Wall Thickness Schedule Number Schedule Number 0.165 - - 5S 0.188 - - 10S 0.250 - 10 - 0.312 - 20 - 0.375 STD 30 - 0.500 XS 40 - 0.656 - 60 - 0.844 - 80 - 1.031 - 100 - 1.219 - 120 - 1.439 - 140 - 1.549- - 160 - 0.165 - - 5S 0.188 - - 10S 0.250 - 10 - 0.
! Table A2 (continued): Standard ANSI Pipe Size Data for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Pipe ! ! Nominal ! Pipe Size Outer (in) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 22 Wall Diameter Thickness (in) 20 ! ! ! ! ! 22.000 ! ! ! ! ! ! ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.19 Carbon Steel Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Wall Schedule Schedule Thickness Number Number 0.188 - - 5S 0.218 - - 10S (in) 20.000 ANSI B 36.10 0.250 - 10 - 0.375 STD 20 - 0.
! Table A2 (continued): Standard ANSI Pipe Size Data for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Pipe ! ! Nominal Outer Wall Pipe Size Diameter Thickness (in) (in) (in) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 24 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 0.218 ! ! ! ! ! 24.000 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 26 ! 26.000 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 28 ! 28.000 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 30 0.250 0.375 ! ! ! 30.000 ! ! ! ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.
! Table A2 (continued): Standard ANSI Pipe Size Data for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Pipe ! ! Nominal ! Outer ! ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.10 ANSI B 36.19 Carbon Steel Carbon Steel Stainless Steel Wall Schedule Schedule Thickness Number Number 0.312 - 10 - 0.375 STD - - 0.500 XS 20 - 0.625 - 30 - 0.688 - 40 - 0.344 - 10 10S 0.375 STD - - 0.500 XS 20 - 0.625 - 30 - 0.688 - 40 - 0.312 - 10 10S 0.375 STD - - 0.500 XS 20 - 0.
! Table A3: Standard Classes of Cast Iron Pipe ! ! ! Class A Nominal Pipe Size ! Outer Wall Class B Outer Wall Class C Outer Wall Class D Outer Wall Diameter Thickness Diameter Thickness Diameter Thickness Diameter Thickness (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) 3 3.80 0.39 3.96 0.42 3.96 0.45 3.96 0.48 4 4.80 0.42 5.00 0.45 5.00 0.48 5.00 0.52 6 6.90 0.44 7.10 0.48 7.10 0.51 7.10 0.55 8 9.05 0.46 9.05 0.51 9.30 0.56 9.30 0.
! Table A3 (continued): Standard Classes of Cast Iron Pipe ! ! ! Class E Nominal Outer Pipe Size ! Wall Class F Outer Wall Class G Outer Wall Class H Outer Wall Diameter Thickness Diameter Thickness Diameter Thickness Diameter Thickness (in.) 3 4 (in.) ! ! (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) ! ! 6 7.22 0.58 7.22 0.61 7.38 0.65 7.38 0.69 8 9.42 0.66 9.42 0.66 9.60 0.75 9.60 0.80 10 11.60 0.74 11.60 0.80 11.84 0.86 11.84 0.92 12 13.78 0.82 13.
! Table A4: Standard Classes of Ductile Iron Pipe ! Nominal Pipe ! ! Size (in) Outer ! ! Pipe Wall Thickness (in) Diameter (in) 3 3.96 4 4.80 6 6.90 8 Class 50 Class 51 Class 52 Class 53 Class 54 Class 55 Class 56 ! ! 0.25 0.28 0.31 0.43 0.37 0.40 0.26 0.29 0.32 0.35 0.38 0.41 0.25 0.28 0.31 0.34 0.37 0.40 0.43 9.05 0.27 0.30 0.33 0.36 0.39 0.42 0.45 10 11.10 0.29 0.32 0.35 0.38 0.44 0.47 12 13.20 0.31 0.34 0.37 0.40 0.43 0.46 0.49 14 15.30 0.
! ! Sound Speed Tables ! ! Table A5: Sound Speed Data of Solids ! ! ! Material Sound Speed Shear Wave!25 ºC) Sound Speed Long. Wave!25ºC) m/s ft/s mm/us in/us Steel, 1% Carbon, hardened 3,150 10,335 5.88 0.2315 Carbon Steel 3,230 10,598 5.89 0.2319 Mild Steel 3,235 10,614 5.89 0.2319 Steel,1% Carbon 3,220 10,565 302 Stainless Steel 3,120 10,236 5.690 0.224 303 Stainless Steel 3,120 10,236 5.640 0.222 304 Stainless Steel 3,141 10,306 5.920 0.
! Table A5 (continued): Sound Speeds in Solids ! ! ! Sound Speed* Shear Wave!25ºC"" Sound Speed* Long.Wave!25ºC"" Material m/s ft/s Iron!Armco"" 3,240 10,630 Ductile Iron 3,000 9,843 Cast Iron 2,500 8,203 4.55 0.1791 Monel 2,720 8,924 5.35 0.2106 Nickel 2,960 9,712 5.63 0.2217 Tin,rolled 1,670 5,479 3.32 0.1307 Tintanium 3,125 10,253 6.10 0.2402 Tungsten,annealed 2,890 9,482 5.18 0.
! Table A6: Sound Speed in Water at atmosphere pressure. Unit't (ºC) v (m/s) ! t v t v t v t v 0 1402.3 25 1496.6 50 1542.5 75 1555.1 1 1407.3 26 1499.2 51 1543.5 76 1555.0 2 1412.2 27 1501.8 52 1544.6 77 1554.9 3 1416.9 28 1504.3 53 1545.5 78 1554.8 4 1421.6 29 1506.7 54 1546.4 79 1554.6 5 1426.1 30 1509.0 55 1547.3 80 1554.4 6 1430.5 31 1511.3 56 1548.1 81 1554.2 7 1434.8 32 1513.5 57 1548.9 82 1553.9 8 1439.1 33 1515.7 58 1549.
! ! Table A7: Sound Speed in Liquids ! ! ! ! Substance Acetic anhydride(22) Chemical Formula (CH3CO)2O Acetic acid,anhydride(22) (CH3CO)2O All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Kinematic &v/ºC Sound Speed Viscosity×10-6 m/s/ºC m2/s ft2/s m/s ft/s 1.082 2.5 0.769 8.274 1,180 3,871.4 (20ºC) 1.082 2.5 0.769 8.274 1,180 3,871.4 (20ºC) Specific Gravity Acetic acid,nitrile C2H3 N 0.783 1,290 4,232.3 4.1 0.441 Acetic acid,ethyl ester(33) C4H8 O2 0.901 1,085 3,559.7 4.4 0.
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! ! ! ! ! Substance ! ! ! Azine ! Benzene(29,40,41) ! ! Benzol(29,40,41) ! ! Bromine(21) ! ! Bromo-benzene(46) ! 1-Bromo-butane(46) ! ! Bromo-ethane(46) ! ! Bromoform(46,47) ! ! ! All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Kinematic &v/ºC Sound Speed Viscosity×10-6 2 m/s/ºC m /s m/s ft/s ft2/s 0.992 10.673 0.982 1,415 4,642.4 4.1 (20ºC) (68ºF) Chemical Formula Specific Gravity C6H5N C6H6 0.879 1,306 4,284.8 4.65 0.711 7.65 C6H6 0.
! ! ! ! ! Substance Carbon tetrachloride (33,35,47) Carbon tetrafluoride(14) (Freon 14) Cetane(23) Chloro-benezene ! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Kinematic Chemical Sound Speed &v/ºC Specific Viscosity×10-6 Formula Gravity m/s/ºC m2/s ft2/s m/s ft/s 1.595 929 3038.1 2.48 0.607 6.531 CCL4 (20ºC) 1.75 875.2 2,871.5 (-150ºC) (-150ºC) (-238ºF) CF4 ! ! C16H34 0.773 (20ºC) 1,338 4,389.8 3.71 C6H5CL 1.106 1,273 4,176.5 3.
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! Diamylamine C10H23N 1,2Dibromo-ethane(47) C2H4Br2 All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Kinematic Sound Speed &v/ºC Viscosity×10-6 m/s/ºC m2/s ft2/s m/s ft/s 8.5 1.256 4,120.7 3.9 ! (68°F) 0.79 995 3,264.4 ! ! 2.18 (20ºC) trans-1,2-Dibromoethene (47) C2H2Br2 2.
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! ! ! ! Substance 2,2-bis(Difluoromino propane(43) All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Kinematic Sound Speed &v/ºC Specific Viscosity×10-6 Gravity m/s/ºC m2/s m/s ft/s ft2/s Chemical Formula ! ! ! 1.254 890 2920 2,2-Dihydroxydiethyl ether C4H10O3 1.116 1,586 5,2034 2.4 Dihydroxyethane 1.113 0.868 (15ºC) 0.897 (20ºC) 1,658 5,439.6 1,343 4,406.2 (20ºC) (68°F) 2.
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! ! ! ! Substance All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Kinematic &v/ºC Sound Speed Specific Viscosity×10-6 Gravity 2 m/s/ºC m /s ft2/s m/s ft/s Chemical Formula Ether C4H10O 0.713 985 3231.6 4.87 0.311 3.346 Ethyl ether C4H10O 0.713 985 3231.6 4.87 0.311 3.346 Ethylene bromide(47) C2H4Br2 2.18 995 3264.4 0.79 8.5 Ethylene chloride(47) C2H4Cl2 1.253 1,193 3914 0.61 6.563 C2H6O2 1.113 1,658 5439.
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! ! ! ! Substance ! Helium(45) ! Chemical Formula He4 Heptane(22,23) C7H16 n-Heptane(29,33) C7H16 HexachloroCyclopentadiene(47) ! Hexadecane(23) ! Hexalin Hexane(16,22,23) All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Kinematic &v/ºC Specific Sound Speed Viscosity×10-6 Gravity 2 m/s/ºC m /s ft2/s m/s ft/s 600.4 ! 183 0.125 (-269ºC) (-269ºC) (-452°F) 0.684 1,131 3,710.6 4.25 (20ºC) 0.684 1,180 3,871.3 4.0 (20ºC) ! C5Cl6 1.
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Substance lsobutanol lso-Butane ! ! C5H12 lsopropano(46) C3H8O Lsopropyl alcohol(46) C3H8O Ketohexamethylene Lithium fluoride(42) Specific Gravity C4H10O lsopentane(36) Kerosene All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Kinematic &v/ºC Sound Speed Viscosity×10-6 m/s/ºC m2/s ft2/s m/s ft/s 0.81 ! ! 1,212 3,976.4 ! (20ºC) Chemical Formula ! C6H10O LiF 1,219.8 4002 980 3,215.2 ! ! 0.62 (20ºC) 0.
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! ! ! ! Substance Methylene chloride(3) Methylene iodide Methyl formate(22) All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Chemical Formula m/s ft/s m/s/ºC 1,070 3,510 3.94 CH2l2 3.235 980 3,215.2 2-Methylpheno(46) C7H8O 3- Methylpheno(46) C7H8O Natural Gas(37) 0.974 (20ºC) 2.28 (20ºC) 1.090 1.047 (20ºC) 1.034 (20ºC) CH3l C11H10 Naphtha ! ! C4H9NO C6H5NO2 Nitrogen(45) N2 Nitromethane(43) CH3NO2 Nonane(23) 4.02 3,208.
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Substance Oil,Diesel Oil,FueiAA gravity Oil(Lubricating x200) Oil(Oive) Oil(peanut) Oil(Sperm) Oil,6 2,2-Oxydiethanol Oxygen(45) All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Chemical Kinematic Sound Speed &v/ºC Viscosity×10-6 Formula Specific Gravity ft2/s m/s/ºC m2/s m/s ft/s ! ! ! ! 0.80 1,250 4,101 0.99 1,485 4,872 0.912 ! ! ! O2 5,019.9 1,431 4,694.9 2.75 0.936 1,458 4,783.5 0.
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! ! ! ! ! Chemical ! ! Formula Substance ! ! ! Phthalardione C8H4O3 ! ! Phthalic acid,anhydride C8H4O3 ! C8H4O3 ! Phthalicanhydride ! Pimelicketone C6H10O ! ! Plexiglas,Lucite,Acrylic ! ! PolyterpeneResin ! ! ! Potassium bromide(42) KBr ! ! Potassium fluoride(42) KF ! Kl ! Potassium iodide(42) ! Potassium nitrate(48) KNO3 ! Propane(2,13) ! C3H8 ! (-45°to-130ºC) C3H8O3 ! 1,2,3-Propanetriol ! 1-Propanol(46) C3H8O ! ! All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless othe
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! ! ! ! ! Substance All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Chemical Formula Specific Gravity Pyridne C6H5N 0.982 Refrigerant11(3,4) CCl3F 1.49 Refrigerant12(3) CCl2F2 Refrigerant14(14) CF4 Refrigerant21(3) CHCl2F Refrigerant22(3) CHClF2 Refrigerant113(3) CCl2F-CClF2 1.563 Refrigerant114(3) CClF2-CClF2 1.
! Table A7 (continued): Sound Speed of Liquids ! ! ! ! ! Substance 1,1,2,2-Tetrabromoethane(47) 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane(67) All data given at 25ºC(77 º F) unless otherwise noted. Chemical Formula Specific Gravity C2H2Br4 2.966 Sound Speed &v/ºC Kinematic Viscosity×10-6 m/s m/s/ºC m2/s ft/s 1,027 3,369.4 ! ! ! C2H2Cl4 1.595 1,147 3,763.4 ! 1.156 (15ºC) Tetrachloroethane(46) C2H2Cl4 1.553 (20ºC) 1,170 3,838.6 (20ºC) (68°F) ! 1.19 Tetrachloro-ethene(47) C2Cl4 1.632 1,036 1.
