COBALT RaQ™ 4 User Manual
©1998-2001 Cobalt Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. Part Number: Date: 070-00239-02 02-2001 The Cobalt logo, Cobalt Networks, Cube, Cobalt Qube, Qube, Cobalt RaQ, RaQ, Cobalt CacheRaQ, Cobalt NASRaQ, Cobalt StaQware and BlueLinQ are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cobalt Networks, Inc. Chili!Soft and Chili!Soft ASP are trademarks or registered trademarks of Chili!Soft, Inc. Linux is a trademark of Linus Torvalds. The RSA software and the RSA logo are trademarks of RSA Data Security Inc.
Important Safeguards For your protection, please read and understand all of the safety and operating instructions regarding your Cobalt RaQ 4 and retain for future reference. 1. Ventilation The Cobalt RaQ 4’s bottom vents (on the front) and fan opening(s) (on the back panel) protect the server from overheating. These openings must not be blocked or covered. This product should not be placed in a built-in installation unless proper ventilation is provided. 2.
Important Safeguards 3. Power Cord ! Caution: The power-supply cord is used as the main disconnect device. Ensure that the socket outlet is located or installed near the equipment and is easily accessible. ! Attention : Le cordon d’alimentation sert d’interrupteur général. La prise de courant doit être située ou installée à proximité du matériel et offrir un accès facile. ! Achtung: Zur sicheren Trennung des Gerätes vom Netz ist der Netzstecker zu ziehen.
6. Browsers Both Netscape Navigator® and Microsoft® Internet Explorer have bugs that can cause intermittent, unexplained failures. When using a Web browser to interact with your Cobalt RaQ 4, you may occasionally experience a browser failure. Released product versions of the browsers are usually more reliable than beta versions and later versions typically work the most reliably. A browser program failure, although annoying, does not adversely affect your Cobalt RaQ 4’s data.
Important Safeguards vi Cobalt RaQ 4 User Manual
Contents Contents Important Safeguards 1 Introduction iii 1 General Front view of the RaQ 4 Rear view of the RaQ 4 RaQ 4 requirements Target audience for the RaQ 4 Levels of user Organization of the user manual List of chapters and appendices Icons used on the UI and in the manual Customer Service and Technical Support General Cobalt information Cobalt Technical Support and Service Email contact Technical Support telephone numbers Further resources and information Solutions Cobalt Developer Network Discu
Contents 2 Setting up the RaQ 4 Phase 1: Making the connection Installing the RaQ 4 Connecting to the network Connecting the power cord Powering on the RaQ 4 Configuring the RaQ 4 for the network Using the LCD console to configure the network Setting the configuration Phase 2: Setting up with the Web browser 19 19 21 21 21 22 22 23 24 Configuring the RaQ 4 with the Setup Wizard Entering the network settings Entering the administrator settings Entering the service settings 25 26 27 28 Entering the time
Contents Adding a virtual site Adding a name-based virtual site Removing a virtual site RaQ 4 Administrator Changing the RaQ 4 Administrator password Resetting the RaQ 4 Administrator password Control panel Services Web server Email server 47 48 49 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 SMTP server Email relaying File transfer protocol (FTP) server Telnet server Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent Legato file backup Arkeia file backup ASP Administrative Server Domain Name System (DNS) server Network Bandwidth B
Contents Storage Adding a storage device Suspend a virtual site Hard suspension Reboot Shutdown Support tools Site Usage System Status System components Central processing unit (CPU) Memory Disk Network Services Web server Email File transfer protocol (FTP) Telnet Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Domain Name System Active Monitor 4 Site Management User management Setting defaults for a site user Modifying the default user settings Adding a site user Search and sort functions Searching a list of si
Contents Changing user settings Modify settings for a site user Modify email options for a site user Catch-all email account Remove a site user Mailing list management Adding a mailing list Modifying a mailing list Removing a mailing list Site settings Changing site settings Suspend a virtual site Soft suspension Suspend a site user FTP settings SSL settings Obtain an externally signed SSL certificate Enable SSL on a virtual site Generate a self-signed certificate SSL certificate for the main site Enable th
Contents 5 Using Services on a Site Managing Your Personal Profile Modify site user Email Forward email to Vacation reply Usage data Backup Restore Using email on the RaQ 4 137 138 138 139 139 140 141 143 144 Developing Web pages CGI scripts Server-side scripting languages Publishing Web pages using FTP 145 145 145 146 Publishing Web pages with FrontPage for User Webs only Using telnet 147 148 A Using the LCD Console Access to the functions Changing network configuration Configuring an uninterruptibl
Contents Upgrading your RaQ 4 Opening the RaQ 4 Adding a memory module or PCI card Printed circuit board Adding or replacing a hard disk drive in a RaQ 4 Specifications for a hard disk drive Requirements Overview Opening the RaQ 4 Removing a hard disk drive Installing a hard disk drive Connecting the hard disk drive Replacing the top cover and rebooting the RaQ 4 C Advanced Information Serial console port Initializing the RaQ 4 through the serial console port Development tools Configuration files Directory
Contents Configuring a secondary DNS server Adding a secondary domain Adding a secondary network Advanced DNS Network Mask Notation Conversion Delegating a subdomain Delegating a subnet Configuring server settings Start of Authority (SOA) configuration Name server (NS) 182 183 183 184 184 185 186 186 187 188 Domain administrator email address Refresh interval Retry interval Expire interval Time-to-live period (TTL) Sample setup of DNS service Create an Address (A) Record Create a second Address (A) Record
Chapter 1 Introduction The Cobalt RaQTM 4 is a server appliance that provides a dedicated Web-hosting platform and offers new capabilities for high-traffic, complex Web sites and e-commerce applications. The RaQ 4 server appliance offers a full suite of Internet services with remote administration capabilities, pre-packaged in a single rack-unit (1RU) industry-standard enclosure.
Chapter 1: Introduction Table 1 lists the differences among the RaQ 4 configurations. The only difference between the RaQ 4i and RaQ 4r configurations is that the RaQ 4r has two hard disk drives and offers RAID-1 disk mirroring. There is room in the RaQ 4i to add an extra hard disk drive but it does not support RAID-1. You cannot add an extra hard disk drive to the base RaQ 4 configuration. Table 1.
General The RaQ 4 provides a complete solution for virtual site hosting, Web publishing, file transfer, email and third-party applications: • Access to a broad range of Web and file transfer protocol (FTP) publishing capabilities. The RaQ 4 supports the common gateway interface (CGI) using Perl scripting, Active Server Pages (ASP) and PHP embedded scripting for creating interactive applications on the Web. • Support for multiple Internet or intranet sites.
Chapter 1: Introduction Front view of the RaQ 4 Figure 1. RaQ 4 front view S E 1 1. 2 3 4 5 6 The Status Indicators signal Ethernet and hard-disk-drive activity: Tx/Rx (Transmit/Receive) blinks when there is network traffic on the primary interface. Link indicates an active network connection on the primary interface. Col blinks when a collision is detected on the primary interface. 100 M indicates that 100 BaseT ethernet is being used on the primary interface.
General Rear view of the RaQ 4 Figure 2. RaQ 4 rear view 8 Tx/Rx Link Cobalt Networks and Cobalt RaQ are trademarks of Cobalt Networks, Inc. www.cobalt.com P/N 550-00135-01 Tx/Rx Link 1 100 - 240 VAC 50/60 Hz 1.4 A 60W max 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 1. The Security lock hole is used to lock the unit to a secure location. 2. The Cooling fans maintain proper operating temperature. Ensure that the ventilation holes are not blocked. 3.
Chapter 1: Introduction RaQ 4 requirements To use the RaQ 4, you need: • A 10BaseT, 10/100BaseTX or 100BaseTX Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) -based local area network (LAN). • A personal computer (attached to the network) that uses a Web browser (for example, Netscape Navigator, version 4.7 or later, or Microsoft Internet Explorer, version 5.0 or later).
Levels of user Levels of user A RaQ 4 can host multiple Internet or intranet sites, which can provide Web content, email and FTP services. It can be used by three different kinds of users: • The RaQ 4 Administrator is the person who controls and runs the RaQ 4. This person sets up and maintains the RaQ 4, sets up virtual sites, and sets access privileges and provides services for the Site Administrators and site users. The RaQ 4 Administrator can also act as the Site Administrator for any virtual site.
Chapter 1: Introduction Organization of the user manual The user manual is organized according to the user interface (UI). Chapter 3, “RaQ 4 Server Management, is based on the Server Management screen with the brown border on the left side. See Figure 3. Chapter 4, “Site Management, is based on the Site Management screen with the green border on the left side. See Figure 4. Chapter 5, “Using Services on a Site, is based on the Personal Profile screen with the blue border on the left side. See Figure 5.
Organization of the user manual Figure 4. Site Management screen Figure 5.
Chapter 1: Introduction List of chapters and appendices The manual has the following chapters and appendices. Chapter 1, “Introduction”, summarizes the RaQ 4 functions. Chapter 2, “Setting up the RaQ 4”, explains RaQ 4 hardware setup and the network integration information. Chapter 3, “RaQ 4 Server Management”, discusses RaQ 4 Management functions. Chapter 4, “Site Management”, explains Site Management functions for virtual sites.
Organization of the user manual Icons used on the UI and in the manual Table 2 describes the icons used on the browser-based User Interface (UI) and in this manual. If you pass the mouse pointer over an icon, a short help message appears. Table 2. Icons used in the manual and UI Icon Description Web Server Only in the Service Settings table of Control Panel on the Management Screen. Web Server is always on.
Chapter 1: Introduction Table 2. Icons used in the manual and UI Icon Description Bandwidth limit In the Virtual Sites List on the Server Management screen; indicates that a bandwidth limit is enabled on the virtual site. Secure POP3 (APOP) In the Virtual Sites List on the Server Management screen; indicates that Secure POP3 is enabled on the virtual site. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) In the Virtual Sites List on the Server Management screen; indicates that SSL is enabled on the virtual site.
Customer Service and Technical Support Table 2. Icons used in the manual and UI Icon Description Site Administrator In the Users List on the Site Management screen; indicates that the user is the Site Administrator for the virtual site. Suspension In the Virtual Sites List on the Server Management screen; indicates that a virtual site has been suspended by the RaQ 4 Administrator. In the Users List on the Site Management screen; indicates that a user has been suspended by the Site Administrator.
Chapter 1: Introduction Cobalt Technical Support and Service Email contact You can contact Cobalt Networks Technical Support by email using the Online Email Support Form. This form provides us all the information we need to service your request in a timely fashion. Go to the URL http://www.cobalt.com/support/ and click on the Contact Support link. Technical Support telephone numbers In the United States, call (800) 266-4378. In Europe, Middle East and Africa, call +31 (71) 565-7070 (The Netherlands).
Further resources and information Discussion Groups Cobalt has made available a number of discussion groups through which users can share information. You can view the current list of Cobalt discussion groups at http://www.cobalt.com/support/resources/usergroups.html. The names of the discussion groups show up as hypertext links. To subscribe to or unsubscribe from a discussion group, or to view previous postings to a group, click on the group name.
Chapter 1: Introduction Before contacting Cobalt Networks Technical Support ✍ Note: To receive Technical Support, you must first register your Cobalt product. First, make an effort to resolve the problem on your own. Take note of all actions you perform and any error messages so that, if necessary, you can describe them to a member of the Technical Support team.
Cobalt logo badge Support tools feature The Support Tools feature is a Web page that assists Technical Support in diagnosing problems on a RaQ 4 unit. On the Server Diagnostics screen, the RaQ 4 Administrator can create and download a data dump of the configuration files on the RaQ 4. This data dump can then be emailed to diagnostics@cobalt.com. A member of the Technical Support team can evaluate the condition of your RaQ 4 before providing you with corrective action, either by telephone or email.
Chapter 1: Introduction 18 Cobalt RaQ 4 User Manual
Chapter 2 Setting up the RaQ 4 This chapter guides you through the process of connecting and configuring the RaQ 4 for your network. A typical setup process takes less than 15 minutes, after which you can begin setting up Web sites and using other RaQ 4 services. If the RaQ 4 has been previously configured for a different network, refer to “Changing network configuration” on page 150. The setup process consists of two phases.
Chapter 2: Setting up the RaQ 4 If you plan to use the RaQ 4 on a flat surface, attach the rubber feet to the five indentations in the bottom of the case; see Figure 6. Figure 6. Rubber feet for the RaQ 4 S E Rubber feet If you plan to operate the RaQ 4 in an equipment rack, first connect the mounting ears to the sides of the RaQ 4 (see Figure 7), near either the front or the rear of the case. Attach the ears to the equipment rack. Figure 7.
Phase 1: Making the connection Connecting to the network Connect one end of a Category 5 Ethernet cable to the 10/100 Base-T Network 1 connector on the RaQ 4; see Figure 8. Connect the other end of the cable to an existing network socket. Figure 8. Network connectors Tx/Rx Link Cobalt Networks and Cobalt RaQ are trademarks of Cobalt Networks, Inc. www.cobalt.com P/N 550-00135-01 Tx/Rx Link Raq 4i / RaQ 4r configurations 100 - 240 VAC 50/60 Hz 1.
Chapter 2: Setting up the RaQ 4 Configuring the RaQ 4 for the network Now that you have made the network and power connections, you can configure the network settings. The RaQ 4 requires specific network information to function properly. You must enter the necessary information using the LCD console on the front panel.
Phase 1: Making the connection The arrow buttons function as follows: The Left arrow button moves the cursor to the left. The Right arrow button moves the cursor to the right. The Up arrow button increases the digit located at the cursor position. The Down arrow button decreases the digit located at the cursor position. S E The S button (“select”) displays the next option. The E button (“enter”) accepts the information entered or the option displayed.
Chapter 2: Setting up the RaQ 4 5. Enter the IP address of the gateway for your network. If your network does not have a gateway, do not enter a number—leave the default value, “000.000.000.000.” 6. Press E . The LCD displays: [S]AVE [C]ANCEL 7. To save the configuration information, use the left and right arrow buttons to select [S]ave, and then press E . You will see: VERIFYING AND SAVING ✍ Note: Selecting [C]ancel cancels the configuration and the LCD screen displays ENTER IP ADDR: again.
Phase 2: Setting up with the Web browser If the RaQ 4’s network settings were configured successfully, then the Cobalt welcome screen appears; see Figure 10. Click the Start button to begin using the Setup Wizard. Figure 10. RaQ 4 Welcome screen Configuring the RaQ 4 with the Setup Wizard To configure the RaQ 4, enter information into the fields on the Setup Wizard screen (see Figure 11). These fields are described in the sections that follow.
Chapter 2: Setting up the RaQ 4 Figure 11. Setup Wizard (part 1 of 2) Entering the network settings Host name (Cobalt server name). Assign a host name (for example, raq4) to the RaQ 4. Domain name. Enter your domain name. The domain name is either the official domain name that is registered with an ICANN-accredited registrar (for example, “mydomain.com”) or an intranet domain name specific to your network. This allows you to access your RaQ 4 by host name and domain name, rather than by IP address only.
Phase 2: Setting up with the Web browser For informational purposes, this table also displays the IP address of the RaQ 4, the subnet mask of your network, your configured gateway and the Media Access Control (MAC) address that uniquely identifies this RaQ 4. These settings, with the exception of the MAC address, can be changed later from the Control Panel section of the Server Management screen.
Chapter 2: Setting up the RaQ 4 Entering the service settings You turn the RaQ 4 services on or off through the Service Settings table. See Figure 12. The default settings for these services are suitable for most users. These services include: • Email server (default is On) • File transfer protocol (FTP) server (default is On) • Telnet server (default is On) • Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent (default is Off) • Domain Name System (DNS) server (default is Off) Figure 12.
Phase 2: Setting up with the Web browser After setup has been completed, the Services page in the Control Panel has a “Parameters” column which enables further configuration. Refer to “Control panel” on page 52 for additional information. Entering the time settings In the Time Settings table, select the time and date with the pull-down menus. See Figure 12. Select the correct time zone by clicking in the Region, Country and Locale/Zone fields.
Chapter 2: Setting up the RaQ 4 Figure 13. Online registration page To register the RaQ 4 online: 1. Enter your Full Name. This field must be filled in. 2. As an option, you can enter your title, the company name, the company address, the country and the phone number. 3. Enter either a Fax number or Email address. One of these two fields must be filled in. If you choose email, enter your complete email address in the form myname@myhost.mydomain. 4. Click Register through Email to submit the information.
Phase 2: Setting up with the Web browser Registering online at a later time If you want to register online at a later time: 1. Click the Cobalt logo in the top left corner of the screen. The Server Configuration Information table appears. 2. Click the About The Product link. The default home page for the RaQ 4 appears. 3. In the bottom right corner, click the link under Product Registration. The Product Registration screen appears. 4. Follow the steps in the previous procedure to register online.
Chapter 2: Setting up the RaQ 4 The default RaQ 4 home page is stored internally under index.html in the Linux directory /home/sites/home/web. This page appears when a user goes to the URL http:///. When the RaQ 4 Administrator changes the index.html file to create a new home page, the default RaQ 4 home page is replaced. Registering the RaQ 4 If you did not register the RaQ 4 online, fill out the registration card included in the packaging materials and return it to Cobalt Networks, Inc.
Chapter 3 RaQ 4 Server Management This chapter describes the functions that the RaQ 4 Administrator normally performs. As the RaQ 4 Administrator, you access these functions on the Server Management screen on the RaQ 4. The Server Management screen has a brown strip on the left side. You can also perform site-related tasks and user tasks described in Chapter 4, “Site Management” and Chapter 5, “Using Services on a Site”. Table 3 briefly summarizes the three types of RaQ 4 users: Table 3.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Approaches to RaQ 4 administration As the RaQ 4 Administrator, you can decide how many of the server functions you want to manage directly and how much to delegate. • Full control. If you want to control all the functions on the RaQ 4, you can create virtual sites without assigning any virtual Site Administrators. You are responsible for managing the main site and all the virtual sites. (See “Definition of a virtual site” on page 35.) • Hybrid control.
Approaches to RaQ 4 administration Definition of a virtual site Whereas industry uses the term virtual host, Cobalt Networks uses the term virtual site. In Cobalt’s definition, a virtual site consists of a Domain Name System (DNS) domain with Web, FTP and email services. Each virtual site contains its own list of site-user accounts. Each site-user account has its own Web page, FTP directory, email spool and any number of email aliases.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Support for RAID-1 (RaQ 4r configuration only) A redundant array of independent disks (RAID) is a way of storing the same data in different places (thus, redundantly) on multiple hard disk drives. A RAID appears to the operating system to be a single virtual hard disk drive. Redundancy means that there is protection against the failure of any single hard disk drive.
Site management If RAID fails on the RaQ 4r, the system indicates the non-RAID status in three ways: • An email is sent to the RaQ 4 Administrator. • Active Monitor blinks red on the Server Management screen. • On the Server Management screen, under System Status, the Disk Integrity (RAID) circle changes to red. Once you replace a failed drive on a RaQ 4r and reboot the server, the system detects the new hard disk drive.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Figure 15. List of virtual sites in the Site Management section In the Site Management section, the Virtual Site List displays the virtual sites by host name in ascending order. The Virtual Site List has four columns which display information about the site, and allow the RaQ 4 Administrator to manage or remove a site. • The first column displays the host name of the virtual site. • The second column displays the IP address of the virtual site.
Site management Search and sort functions The Virtual Site List table offers a search function and a sort function; see Figure 15. These functions are useful if you have a large number of virtual sites on your RaQ 4 and you want to restrict the display to certain virtual sites.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Searching a list of virtual sites To search the list of virtual sites: 1. In the first field of the Search Virtual Site List window, select “Host Name” or “IP Address” from the pull-down menu. 2. In the second field, select “is”, “contains” or “does not contain” from the pull-down menu. 3. In the third field, enter the string of characters for which you want to search. 4. Click Search.
Site management Overview of virtual sites The RaQ 4 supports both name-based and IP-based virtual hosting. The RaQ 4 Administrator sets up the virtual sites, as described in “Adding a virtual site” on page 47. The following list of information is helpful when creating a site. • IP Address To use the RaQ 4, you require an IP address or range of IP addresses. ✍ Note: The RaQ 4 supports name-based virtual sites allowing many sites to share a single IP address.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management • Email server aliases You can add aliases for email servers; you are not restricted to receiving email messages only on the domain entered in the site settings. For the virtual site, enter additional host names or domain names for which to accept email connections (on SMTP port 25). For example, enter the aliases domain.com and mail.domain.com. Separate multiple entries with a comma.
Site management • Enable SSL The RaQ 4 provides an optional secure sockets layer (SSL) for Web access. See “SSL settings” on page 118. • Enable Active Server Pages (ASP) The RaQ 4 supports ASP scripting language. For more information, see “Active Server Pages (ASP)” on page 45. • Enable PHP Embedded Scripting The RaQ 4 supports PHP embedded scripting. For more information, see “PHP embedded scripting” on page 45.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management FrontPage Server Extensions When you enable FrontPage Server Extensions on a virtual site, a FrontPage client webmaster account is created and you must provide a password for the webmaster account. ✍ Note: The FrontPage user webmaster is a part of the FrontPage Server Extension software and is not a true Linux site-user account. As such, it does NOT have Web, email or FTP service. It is simply an account to use in the FrontPage client.
Site management Active Server Pages (ASP) The RaQ 4 uses Chili!Soft™ Active Server Pages (ASP) software. ASP is an HTML-embedded scripting language that includes one or more small embedded programs, or scripts, that are processed on a Web server before the Web page is sent to the user. An ASP is somewhat similar to a server-side include or a common gateway interface (CGI) application in that all three involve programs that run on the server, usually tailoring a page for the user.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Setting defaults for a virtual site There are many advantages for setting defaults for the virtual sites. For example, since multiple sites can now share an IP address, a default IP address can be set for all new virtual sites added. Also, since it is common for many sites to share a common domain name, it can be desirable to set a default domain name for your virtual sites.
Site management Modifying the default site settings To modify the default settings for a virtual site: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Site Management. The Virtual Site List table appears. 2. Click Set Virtual Site Defaults. The Virtual Site Defaults table appears. 3. Enter the information for the site. 4. See the descriptions in “Overview of virtual sites” on page 41. 5. Click Save Changes.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Figure 17. Adding a virtual site Adding a name-based virtual site If you are adding a name-based virtual site, you must have DNS records for that site before you can access the site. For more information, see “Definition of a virtual site” on page 35. ✍ Note: To preview a name-based virtual site, you must first configure its DNS records and make those DNS records available to your workstation and the RaQ 4 server.
Site management Removing a virtual site To remove a virtual site: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Site Management. The Virtual Site List table appears. 2. In the Virtual Site List table, click the trashcan icon for the virtual site you want to remove. 3. In the confirmation dialog box that appears, click OK to delete all the virtual site accounts, site users and contents. 4. The screen refreshes and the virtual site is no longer listed.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management RaQ 4 Administrator ☞ Important: Be sure to remember the password you enter here— otherwise, you will need to reset it (See “Resetting the RaQ 4 Administrator password” on page 51). In the Administrator section of the Server Management screen, you enter information about the RaQ 4 Administrator—including user name, password and, optionally, an email address where system alerts for failed services are sent. To enter the information for the RaQ 4 Administrator: 1.
RaQ 4 Administrator Changing the RaQ 4 Administrator password To change the password for the RaQ 4 Administrator: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Administrator on the left. The Administrator Settings table appears. 2. Enter the password twice to ensure that you have entered it as intended. The RaQ 4 supports long passwords through the UI. For guidelines on choosing a password, see “Password guidelines” on page 27. 3. Click Save Changes.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management 5. Click Administrator on the left. The Administrator Settings table appears. 6. Enter the password twice to ensure that you have entered it as intended. The RaQ 4 supports long passwords through the UI. For guidelines on choosing a password, see “Password guidelines” on page 27. 7. Click Save Changes. Control panel You can configure the services, network and time settings through the Control Panel section of the Server Management screen.
Control panel To manage the settings for the RaQ 4 services: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel on the left. The Service Settings table appears. 2. To turn on any of the services listed in the Service Settings table (except Web server, which is always on), click the check box next to that service. The services are described in the sections that follow. 3. Click Save Changes. ✍ Note: Chapter 5 provides instructions for site users on how to use the RaQ 4 services.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management For the RaQ 4 to receive email, you or your network administrator must enter a mail server host name in your organization’s DNS server to designate the RaQ 4 as the mail server for a domain. Email service depends on DNS. so the IP address of a DNS server must be entered in the network settings for the RaQ 4; if not, the SMTP protocol will not work. If you did not enter this IP address in the Setup Wizard, see “Network” on page 64.
Control panel You can modify the following parameters: • Maximum message size (MB) It is important to enter a value here to limit the size of incoming email messages. If this field is blank, the server will not limit the size of incoming messages, which may allow a single message to fill up your available space on the hard disk drive. A message that exceeds the specified quota of space on the hard disk drive is returned to the sender as “undeliverable”.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Email relaying Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) service is different from Post Office Protocol (POP), telnet and file transfer protocol (FTP) services in that SMTP does not try to authenticate a user when an SMTP connection is made. Every email server on the Internet has to be able to deliver email to you, so the email servers must be able to connect freely to send the email.
Control panel Enabling email relaying To enable email relaying, add the IP addresses (or domain names, or both) of the machines which use your RaQ 4 as the SMTP server. 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click the Parameters link next to Email Server. The Email Parameters table appears. One field is labeled “Relay for the following hosts/domains”. The following paragraphs explain how to fill in this field. 3.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management File transfer protocol (FTP) server Using the file transfer protocol, site users can upload and download files on the RaQ 4. Users can transfer files with FTP client software such as Fetch or WS-FTP. You can enable or disable the FTP server. 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click the check box next to File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Server to on or off. 3. Click Save Changes.
Control panel Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent If the SNMP agent is enabled, you can use SNMP software to remotely monitor server information such as CPU utilization and network traffic. You can enable or disable the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click the check box next to Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent to on or off. 3.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Legato file backup You can use the Legato NetWorker® client software to support backup and restore needs on the RaQ 4. To use this feature, you must install the Legato Networker Server software. The software is available at www.legato.com. To enable or disable the Legato file backup option: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click the check box next to Legato File Backup to on or off. 3.
Control panel Arkeia file backup You can use the Arkeia backup software from Knox Software to support backup and restore needs on the RaQ 4. There is a client component and a server component to the Arkeia backup software. The client-side software is pre-installed on the RaQ 4. The server-side software can be obtained from the Arkeia Web site at http://www.arkeia.com. To enable or disable the Arkeia client-side backup software: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management RaQ 4i or RaQ 4r server If you have a RaQ 4i or RaQ 4r server, you can attach an external tape device to the SCSI connector on the back panel and load the Arkeia server-side software on to the tape device. This allows you to back up your RaQ 4i or RaQ 4r server directly to the external tape device and also to function as a backup server for other devices on the network.
Control panel Figure 24 shows the UI for the ASP Administrative Server. Figure 24. ASP Administrative Server UI Domain Name System (DNS) server Domain Name System (DNS) is a vital and integral part of the Internet. Setting up DNS correctly on your RaQ 4 is very important. For this reason, we have created an appendix solely for explaining DNS. See Appendix D, “Domain Name System”.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Network The network settings make the RaQ 4 visible to other computers. If you change the IP address, the RaQ 4 reboots. ☞ Important: Coordinate the network configuration information with your network administrator to ensure the integrity of your network. Incorrect network settings can result in a loss of connectivity. To enter or change the network configuration for the RaQ 4: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel on the left.
Control panel Figure 25. Settings tables in the Network section Bandwidth The RaQ 4 allows you to set an output bandwidth limit for each IP address that you assign on a RaQ 4. The bandwidth limit applies to all of the name-based virtual sites associated with an IP address. The limit is specified in kilobits per second (Kb/s), and the RaQ 4 enforces a minimum bandwidth limit of 10 Kb/s. The bandwidth limit applies to all outgoing Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) traffic on a particular IP address.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Bandwidth Limits table When you select the bandwidth-limit option, the Bandwidth Limits table appears; see Figure 26. If you have not applied a bandwidth limit to any IP addresses, the table is blank.
Control panel Applying a bandwidth limit To apply a bandwidth limit to an IP address: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel on the left. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click Bandwidth at the top. The Bandwidth Limits table appears. 3. Click Add. The Add Bandwidth Limit table appears. See Figure 27. ✍ Note: If each of the IP addresses on the RaQ 4 already has a bandwidth limit assigned to it, an error message at the bottom of the screen alerts you to this fact.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Figure 27 shows the Add Bandwidth Limit table. Figure 27. Add Bandwidth Limit table Modifying a bandwidth limit To modify a bandwidth limit to an IP address: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel on the left. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click Bandwidth at the top. The Bandwidth Limits table appears. 3. In the table, locate the IP address for which you want to modify the bandwidth limit. 4.
Control panel Deleting a bandwidth limit To delete a bandwidth limit to an IP address: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel on the left. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click Bandwidth at the top. The Bandwidth Limits table appears. 3. In the table, locate the IP address for which you want to delete the bandwidth limit. 4. Click the brown trashcan icon next to that IP address. A confirmation dialog appears. 5. Click OK.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Figure 28 shows the Time Settings table. Figure 28.
Maintenance Maintenance The Maintenance section of the Server Management screen provides several Web-based utilities that facilitate day-to-day operations on the RaQ 4. To access these utilities: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Maintenance on the left. The File Backup table appears. 2. Choose a utility at the top. The utilities are described in the following sections. Backup ! Caution: A backup captures data only (for example, email messages stored on the server or Web files).
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Manual backup This feature allows administrators to manually back up data stored on the RaQ 4. Figure 29 shows the File Backup table. Figure 29.
Maintenance To manually back up data stored on the RaQ 4: 1. On the Maintenance screen, click Backup at the top. 2. In “Data to Backup,” select the type of backup: 3. • All server configuration, email and user files. This option backs up all the server configuration files for the users and the system setup, all users’ files, all group files and all email in-boxes. • All server configuration.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Scheduled backup This feature allows administrators to schedule regular automatic backups. Figure 30 shows the Scheduled File Backup table. Figure 30.
Maintenance To schedule regular, automatic backups: 1. On the Maintenance screen, click Backup at the top. The File Backup table appears. 2. Click Scheduled Backup. The Scheduled File Backup table appears. See Figure 30. 3. Choose the frequency of the automatic backup. • Daily means each day at 1 a.m. • Weekly means every Sunday morning at 1 a.m. (Saturday night going into Sunday morning) • Monthly means on the first of every month at 1 a.m. 4.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Backup file locations For a backup by FTP Server: • A location of @ftp.server.com puts the backup file in the initial login directory. • A location of @ftp.server.com/path/to/backups/ puts the backup file in the specified path on the server, using to login. For a backup by Anonymous FTP: • For an anonymous FTP connection, the file must be put in a directory where anonymous FTP users have write access.
Maintenance Restore You must restore data from the same machine on which the data was backed up. Users can restore their own personal directory. ! ! ! Caution: The system restores data only (for example, email messages stored on the server or Web files). It does NOT restore virtual sites or site users to a RaQ 4. Caution: You can use Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0 to back up a Cobalt server but not to restore a backup file.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Figure 31 shows the File Restore table. Figure 31.
Maintenance To restore a backup file: 1. On the Maintenance screen, click Restore at the top. The File Restore table appears. See Figure 31. 2. The RaQ 4 saves backed-up data in .raq files. Enter the path and filename of the backup file, or click Browse to select the .raq file archived on your computer which you wish to restore to the server. Restore times can vary widely. Be careful not to interrupt an archive restore as data could be corrupted.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Install software You can add new software to the RaQ 4 from the browser. You can install new software obtained either from the Cobalt Networks Web site or from a CD supplied by Cobalt Networks. Figure 32 shows the Install Software table. Figure 32.
Maintenance To install or upgrade software from Cobalt’s Web site: 1. Through your Web browser, go to http://www.cobalt.com/support/. 2. Download the new software to your desktop computer. 3. On the Server Management screen, click Maintenance on the left. The File Backup table appears. 4. Click Install Software at the top. The Install Software table appears. See Figure 32. 5. Click Browse to locate the package that you downloaded to your computer. Click Open to select the package. 6.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Third-party software Figure 32 shows the various software packages that have been installed on the RaQ 4, including the version of the Cobalt OS and any third-party software. To see more information about the software, click the name (shown as a hypertext link). InterBase The RaQ 4 is pre-loaded with InterBase 6.0, an open-source, cross-platform SQL database from Inprise Corporation. InterBase is not enabled by default.
Maintenance A virtual site cannot span multiple disks and the RaQ 4 does not automatically recognize virtual sites on an external disk storage device transferred from another RaQ 4. ✍ Note: If you have replaced a failed hard disk drive in a RaQ 4r server, you do not need to add the new hard disk drive through the Add Storage feature. When rebooting, the system automatically detects the new hard disk drive.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Adding a storage device To add a second hard disk drive or external disk storage device through the UI: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Maintenance on the left. The File Backup table appears. 2. Click Storage at the top. The Storage in Use table appears. See Figure 33. 3. Click Add Storage. A list of available disk storage devices appears; see Figure 33. By default, if more than one device is available, all of the devices are selected to be added.
Maintenance Suspend a virtual site There are two ways to suspend a virtual site on the RaQ 4: a hard suspension and a soft suspension. For more information on soft suspensions, see “Suspend a virtual site” on page 115. Hard suspension A hard suspension occurs when a storage device is disabled through the UI or is disconnected from the RaQ 4. In this case, all virtual sites on that storage device are inaccessible. You cannot administer these sites, and users cannot receive email.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Shutdown ! Caution: Turning off the power switch before the RaQ 4 tells you to do so can result in lost or corrupted data. The RaQ 4 can only be shut down from the LCD console located on the front of the unit. Refer to “Powering down” on page 155. Shutting down may take as long as a few minutes. Support tools The Support Tools feature is a Web page that assists Technical Support in diagnosing problems on a RaQ 4 unit.
Maintenance 3. The information entered in the following fields is incorporated into the header information of the diagnostic dump.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Site Usage The Site Usage feature allows the RaQ 4 Administrator to monitor the amount of bandwidth consumed by Web, email and FTP traffic generated by the virtual sites on a RaQ 4. For the Site Usage feature on the Site Management screen, see “Site Usage” on page 126. The RaQ 4 can generate traffic-based bar graphs for a particular virtual site.
System Status To use the Site Usage function: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Site Usage on the left. The Total Usage bar graph appears. 2. Below the Total Usage bar graph is an option for changing the bar placement on the graph. Click the radio button for the selected type of placement and click Generate Report. The browser regenerates the Total Usage graph and displays the bars as you selected. 3.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Figure 35. System Status tables To view the status of the various system components and services: 1. On the Server Management screen, click System Status on the left or Active Monitor at the bottom left. A table displays the status of the system components and the services. • Green indicates correct functioning. • Amber indicates a potential problem. • Red indicates that a problem exists.
System Status System components Central processing unit (CPU) The CPU Usage table provide real-time statistics on the CPU load over the previous 15 minutes. The table also displays: • the CPU load average over the previous 15 minutes • the temperature of the processor • the amount of time that the system has been running Memory The Memory table displays the load on the memory over the previous 15 minutes.
Chapter 3: RaQ 4 Server Management Services The Service Status section allows you to monitor Web, email, FTP, telnet, DNS and SNMP services. It follows the same LED conventions as the System Status section. Web server The Web server table displays the status of the Web server (green, amber, red or grey) and a text message. Email The Email services table displays the status of the POP3 server, the IMAP4 server and the SMTP service. This chart indicates whether these servers are operating normally.
Active Monitor Active Monitor The RaQ 4 uses Active Monitor software. Active Monitor is a Cobalt Networks utility that runs on a RaQ 4 and updates key system information every 15 minutes. Active Monitor status is displayed on the Server Management screen only. Active Monitor checks: • the status of the RaQ 4 (functioning, warning of failure, failed or inactive) • the status of the services on the RaQ 4 Table 4 explains the colors of the circles in Active Monitor.
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Chapter 4 Site Management There are three types of users on the RaQ 4: the RaQ 4 Administrator, Site Administrators and site users. This chapter describes the functions that the Site Administrator normally performs. As the Site Administrator, you access these functions from the Site Management screen on the RaQ 4. The Site Management screen has a green strip on the left side.
Chapter 4: Site Management The User List has five columns which display information about the each site user, and allow the RaQ 4 Administrator or Site Administrator to manage or remove a site. • The first column displays the full name of the site user. • The second column displays the user name of the site user. • The third column displays the email alias(es) of the site user.
User management User management The User Management section on the Site Management screen allows you to perform administrative functions related to site users: setting the site user defaults, adding or removing users; entering and modifying user names and passwords; managing users’ disk space allocations, telnet access and email aliases. Setting defaults for a site user Before assigning the default values for a site user, you must decide on the needs of your users.
Chapter 4: Site Management Modifying the default user settings To modify the default settings for a site user: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Set User Defaults. The User Defaults table appears. 2. Enter the information for the site.
User management Adding a site user You can add or remove users for a virtual site, and assign a Site Administrator for the site. ! Caution: On the Site Management screen for the main site (for the main site, the trashcan icon is grayed-out, meaning that you cannot delete it), the user settings for the RaQ 4 Administrator can be modified, including name and password. Make sure you remember the RaQ 4 Administrator password.
Chapter 4: Site Management To add a site user or Site Administrator: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Add User. The Add New User table appears. 2. Enter the information for the site user. Enter the site user’s name and password, set the allocation of total disk space for the user, enable telnet/shell access (if appropriate), make them a Site Administrator (if appropriate), enable FrontPage user Web (if appropriate) and enable Secure POP3 (APOP) (if appropriate).
User management You can sort the list of site users according to the following criteria: • by full name, in ascending or descending order • by user name, in ascending or descending order Ascending order means from lowest value to the highest value (a–z or 1–9). Descending order means from highest value to the lowest value (z–a or 9–1). By default, the User List table is sorted by user name in ascending order. The screen regenerates and the results are displayed in a table with the same five columns.
Chapter 4: Site Management Removing a site user To remove a site user: 1. In the User List table on the Site Management screen, locate the site user that you want to remove. 2. Click the brown trashcan icon next to the site user. A confirmation dialog box appears. 3. Click OK to delete the site user’s account and files. Entering user email settings and aliases Mail Forwarding and Vacation Reply Individual site users can choose to have their RaQ 4 email forwarded to another email account.
User management Email aliases The Email Alias feature allows you to create an arbitrary e-mail addresses without creating a user account on the RaQ 4. An email message addressed to the alias is forwarded to an existing email address. For example, an email alias lets you setup a temporary or permanent alias email address such as sales@mycompany.com and automatically route messages to a specific email user.
Chapter 4: Site Management Changing user settings Modify settings for a site user To modify the settings for a site user (to change the name, password, disk space allocation or telnet access for an existing user, to enable FrontPage Web use or Secure POP3 [APOP], to make an existing user the Site Administrator or to suspend a site user), click the green pencil icon. 1. On the Site Management screen, click User Management on the left. The User List table appears. 2.
User management Modify email options for a site user To set up or modify the email options for a site user (to enter a forwarding email address, email aliases and an automatic vacation reply), click the blue envelope icon. These options are described in “Entering user email settings and aliases” on page 102. 1. On the Site Management screen, click User Management on the left. The User List table appears. 2. Click the blue envelope icon for the site user. The Email Settings table appears. See Figure 40.
Chapter 4: Site Management Figure 40 shows the screen for modifying a site user’s email options. Figure 40.
User management Catch-all email account A catch-all email account receives emails addressed to former users or non-existent users on a virtual site. For example, if an email is addressed to mary@xyz.com but the user name “mary” does not exist on that domain, the email is routed to the catch-all account. A RaQ 4 Administrator or a Site Administrator can create a catch-all email account.
Chapter 4: Site Management Mailing list management In the List Management section of the Site Management screen, you can create and manage mailing lists for the virtual site. A mailing list allows a discussion by email between a group of people; the email addresses of the people in the group make up the list. The mailing list is given a name, for example AlphaProject. The mailing list can include users on the RaQ 4 as well as external users.
Mailing list management Adding a mailing list To add a mailing list on the RaQ 4: 1. On the Site Management screen, click List Management. The Mailing List table appears. 2. Click Add Mailing List. The Add Mailing List table appears. See Figure 42. 3. Enter a name for the mailing list. 4. Enter a password for the mailing list. You need the password for managing the mailing list. ✍ 5. Note: The RaQ 4 supports long passwords through the UI.
Chapter 4: Site Management Figure 42 shows the Add Mailing List table in the List Management section. Figure 42.
Mailing list management Modifying a mailing list To modify a mailing list: 1. On the Site Management screen, click List Management. The Mailing List table appears. 2. Click the green pencil icon next to the mailing list you want to modify. The Modify Mailing List table appears. See Figure 43. 3. Modify the information as necessary (see the procedure for adding a new mailing list for the options). 4. Click Confirm Modify. Figure 43 shows the Modify Mailing List table in the List Management section.
Chapter 4: Site Management Removing a mailing list To remove a mailing list: 1. On the Site Management screen, click List Management. The Mailing List table appears. 2. Click the brown trashcan icon next to the mailing list you want to delete. A confirmation dialog box appears. 3. Click OK to delete the mailing list. Site settings Only the RaQ 4 Administrator can modify virtual site settings.
Site settings Changing site settings To change the settings for a particular virtual site, click the green wrench icon. For an explanation of the fields on the Site Settings table, see“Overview of virtual sites” on page 41. ✍ Note: Only the RaQ 4 Administrator can modify the settings for a virtual site. For Site Administrators who are not the RaQ 4 Administrator, the Site Settings section is a read-only status page. Figure 44 shows the screen for changing the site settings of a virtual site. Figure 44.
Chapter 4: Site Management To change settings for a particular site: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Site Settings on the left side. The Site Settings table appears. 2. In the Site Settings table, you can set the values of the fields or enable the services: a. IP Address b. Host name c. Domain name d. Web server aliases e. Email server aliases f. Maximum allowed disk space (MB) g. Maximum number of users h. Enable FrontPage Server Extensions i.
Site settings Common gateway interface (CGI) allows users to have Web sites run programs that dynamically generate HTML pages in response to specific user inputs. CGI scripts can be created on a user’s desktop computer and then transferred to the RaQ 4 with a file transfer protocol (FTP) application (as explained in Chapter 5). CGI scripts must have a .pl or .cgi filename extension. If the “Accept email for domain” function is selected, site users can retrieve email using the address @domain.com.
Chapter 4: Site Management Suspend a site user The Site Administrator or RaQ 4 Administrator can suspend a site user on a virtual site. The site user is denied access to telnet, FTP, POP3/IMAP/APOP services, as well as Web access to their files. The site user account however still receives email. To suspend a site user: 1. On the Site Management screen, click the green pencil icon next to the site user you want to suspend. The Modify User table appears. 2.
Site settings Figure 45 shows the FTP Settings table. Figure 45. FTP Settings table To download files by anonymous FTP, log on to the site with the user name guest or anonymous—you do not need to enter a password. When you log on with one of these user names, you enter the directory /home/sites//ftp/. The Site Administrator can post files here for downloading through FTP client software or a Web browser. Site Administrators can access the anonymous FTP directory as “/ftp” during an FTP session.
Chapter 4: Site Management SSL settings The RaQ 4 Administrator can administer the RaQ 4 through secure sockets layer (SSL). SSL is provided in 128-bit encryption code and offers a secure Web connection to the end user. The implementation of SSL on the RaQ 4 is based on mod_ssl and BSAFE cryptographic software from RSA Security. A secure connection means two things: encryption and authentication.
SSL settings Obtain an externally signed SSL certificate Most users want to create an externally signed SSL certificate. For e-commerce, an externally signed SSL certificate is required. To do this, the RaQ 4 Administrator must perform the following steps. These steps are explained in the following pages. 1. enable the SSL feature on a virtual site (see page 119) 2. generate a self-signed certificate (see page 120) 3.
Chapter 4: Site Management To enable SSL on a virtual site: 1. Go to the Server Management screen. 2. Click the green wrench icon next to the virtual site on which you want to enable SSL. The Site Management screen appears. 3. Click Site Settings on the left side. 4. Click the check box next to Enable SSL. ✍ 5. Note: This feature only enables the public Web server; it does not enable the SSL administrative server. See “SSL certificate for the main site” on page 123. Click Save Changes.
SSL settings Figure 46 shows the certificate subject information table for an SSL certificate. Figure 46.
Chapter 4: Site Management Figure 47 shows the processed information of a self-signed SSL certificate. Figure 47.
SSL settings SSL certificate for the main site If the browser prompts you for your user name and password, you have enabled SSL on the main site of the RaQ 4. The browser prompts you since this secure connection is in fact a new connection to the RaQ 4. Generating a certificate for the main site is a special case and causes three things to happen: 1. SSL is enabled for all RaQ 4 management screens (both server management and site management). 2. The SSL administration server is enabled for the RaQ 4. 3.
Chapter 4: Site Management Receive the response from the external certification authority The certification authority either sends you a certificate by email or returns the information on the browser screen. Enter the information from the external certification authority 1. On the Site Management screen, click SSL Settings on the left side. The “Certificate Subject Information” table appears. 2. Highlight and remove the information currently in the “Certificate” window.
SSL settings Figure 48.
Chapter 4: Site Management Delete an SSL certificate ! ✍ Caution: If you delete the SSL certificate, you delete the private key as well. If you delete the private key, you will need to purchase a new SSL certificate from the external certification authority. Note: Deleting the certificate from the main site removes the certificate from the virtual sites to which the certificate has been propagated. In addition, it removes the secure connection to the administration server (it reverts from https: to http:).
Site Usage To use the Site Usage function: 1. 2. On the Site Management screen, click Site Usage on the left. The Web Usage table appears. • Web displays the Web Usage table for the virtual site. • FTP displays the FTP Usage table for the virtual site. • Email displays the Email Usage table for the virtual site. • Disk displays information concerning the disk usage for the virtual site as a whole, as well as the disk usage for each site user.
Chapter 4: Site Management Backup As Site Administrator, you can perform different types of backups. ! ! Caution: A backup captures data only (for example, email messages stored on the server or Web files). It does NOT back up the settings for virtual sites or users. Caution: You can use Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0 to back up a Cobalt server but not to restore a backup file. Upgrade to a later version of Internet Explorer or use a different browser software to restore the backup file.
Backup The file transfer takes several seconds to several minutes. ! Caution: Do not interrupt or cancel the backup process. If you do, or if the file transfer fails for any other reason, delete the partial backup file stored on your personal computer and try again. If you attempt to use a partial file to restore data, you risk corrupting the data already stored on the server. Figure 50 shows the File Backup table for a virtual site. Figure 50.
Chapter 4: Site Management Scheduled backup As Site Administrator, you can schedule regular automatic backups. To schedule regular, automatic backups: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Backup. The File Backup table appears. 2. Click Scheduled Backup. The Scheduled File Backup table appears. See Figure 51. 3. Choose the frequency of the automatic backup: • Daily means nightly at 1 a.m. • Weekly means every Sunday morning at 1 a.m.
Backup Figure 51 shows the Scheduled File Backup table for a virtual site. Figure 51.
Chapter 4: Site Management Backup file locations For a backup by an FTP Server: • A location of @ftp.server.com puts the backup file in the initial login directory. • A location of @ftp.server.com/path/to/backups/ puts the backup file in the specified path on the server, using to login. For a backup by Anonymous FTP: • For an anonymous FTP connection, the file must be put in a directory where anonymous FTP users have write access. This is generally the /incoming/ directory.
Restore Restore You must restore data from the same machine on which the data was backed up. Site Administrators can restore files only to their own site. ! ! ! Caution: The system restores data only (for example, email messages stored on the server or Web files). It does NOT restore virtual sites or site users to a RaQ 4. Caution: You can use Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0 to back up a Cobalt server but not to restore a backup file.
Chapter 4: Site Management To restore a backup file: 1. On the Site Management screen, click Restore on the left. The File Restore table appears. See Figure 52. 2. Enter the path and filename of the backup file, or click Browse and select the file to restore. ✍ Note: If the file does not appear in the list and you are using Netscape 4.x or Internet Explorer 4.x, you might need to change “File Type” in the desktop to “All Files.” 3.
Server management Server management If you are the RaQ 4 Administrator, you can return to the RaQ 4 Server Management screen. On the Site Management screen, click Server Management on the left. For more information on managing the RaQ 4 server, see Chapter 3, “RaQ 4 Server Management”.
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Chapter 5 Using Services on a Site This chapter describes the functions that site users can perform on the RaQ 4. As a site user, you can change your user name and password, set email options, monitor the use of disk space in your directory, back up and restore your files, send and receive email, and create and upload Web pages and other files. Managing Your Personal Profile You manage your directory using any standard browser.
Chapter 5: Using Services on a Site Modify site user You can change your full name and password. To modify your settings: 1. On the Personal Profile screen, click Modify User. The Modify User table appears. See Figure 53. 2. Change the settings. ✍ 3. Note: The RaQ 4 supports long passwords through the UI. For guidelines on choosing a password, see “Password guidelines” on page 27. Click Confirm Modify. Email The email section allows you to select email options.
Managing Your Personal Profile To set your email options: 1. On the Personal Profile screen, click Email on the left. The Email Settings table appears. See Figure 54. 2. In the Email Settings table, select the options that are described in the next two sections. 3. Click Save Changes. Forward email to You can forward your RaQ 4 email to another email account. In the Email Settings table, enter the destination email address in the Forward Email To field. Click Save Changes.
Chapter 5: Using Services on a Site Usage data The Usage Data section displays a Disk Usage table showing information on your disk usage. To view the Disk Usage table: 1. On the Personal Profile screen, click Usage Data on the left. The Disk Usage table appears. See Figure 55. 2.
Managing Your Personal Profile Backup As a site user, you can back up your files. When you click “Backup My Files”, your Web browser provides a default filename and path. This file contains all of your backup data, including your home directory files, your email inbox and your vacation autoresponder message. It does NOT back up the settings for your virtual site. You can change the path or the filename, but the file MUST have the extension .raq in order for the Restore function to work properly.
Chapter 5: Using Services on a Site To back up your files: 1. On the Personal Profile screen, click Backup on the left. The File Backup table appears. See Figure 56. 2. Follow the on-screen instructions. You can change the path or the filename, but the file MUST have the extension .raq in order for the Restore function to work properly. 3. When you are ready to perform the backup, click Backup My Files. Figure 56 shows the File Backup table for a site user. Figure 56.
Managing Your Personal Profile Restore Restore allows you to restore all files and subdirectories in your home directory from a .raq backup file. ! Caution: The system restores data only (for example, email messages stored on the server or Web files). It does NOT restore virtual sites or site users to a RaQ 4. To restore the backed-up files (from your local disk to your RaQ 4 home directory): 1. On the Personal Profile screen, click Restore on the left. The File Restore table appears. See Figure 57. 2.
Chapter 5: Using Services on a Site Using email on the RaQ 4 To use all of the email capabilities on the RaQ 4, the RaQ 4 Administrator must correctly set the parameters for the email server; see “Email server” on page 53. The user must also configure the email client to send email to and retrieve email from the RaQ 4. Ensure the following information is entered into the email client: 1. Email address The format is: @hostname.domainname (for example, myname@raq4.cobalt.
Developing Web pages Developing Web pages You can create complex Web pages using any of the standard HTML editors and the HTML publishing capabilities of many popular desktop productivity applications. You can create and link the Web pages on your desktop computer, and then move them to the appropriate subdirectory in the RaQ 4 through an FTP-based application; see “Publishing Web pages using FTP” on page 146.
Chapter 5: Using Services on a Site Publishing Web pages using FTP ✍ Note: For more information about the directory structure on the RaQ 4, see “Directory structure” on page 175. After creating your Web pages, you can publish them on the RaQ 4 using an FTP-based application. Make sure you have the following information: • the host name or the IP address of your RaQ 4 • your user name and password • a filename of your choice to save as your main page (the default is index.
Publishing Web pages with FrontPage for User Webs only The Site Administrator can access and edit the site root content in the directory /web during an FTP session. The site web root is accessible on the Web at http:///. Site Administrators can edit their personal Web pages in the directory /users//web during an FTP session.
Chapter 5: Using Services on a Site Using telnet ! Caution to the RaQ Administrator: You can seriously affect your RaQ 4 if you modify the system configuration files. Only advanced users of Linux should perform this operation. See your RaQ 4 warranty card for more details. ! Caution: Direct root logins are not allowed on the RaQ 4. To obtain a root shell, telnet to the server and log in as the user admin. From the command prompt, type su - and press Enter.
Appendix A Using the LCD Console During startup, the liquid-crystal-display (LCD) screen on the front panel of the RaQ 4 displays status information about the boot process. When setting up the RaQ 4, you use the LCD console to enter network configuration information for the RaQ 4. Once the RaQ 4 is running, the LCD console serves several purposes.
Appendix A: Using the LCD Console Changing network configuration To reset the IP address or change the network configuration of the Network 1 interface: 1. On the LCD console, hold down the S button for approximately 2 seconds. The LCD screen displays: SELECT: SETUP NETWORK 2. Press the E button. 3. Enter the IP address using the arrow buttons. The left and right arrow buttons move the cursor position to the left or right.
Configuring an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) Configuring an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) The are two options for configuring the RaQ 4 for a UPS: as the master or as a slave. The master communicates directly to the UPS through the serial port. The slave (or slaves) communicates with a master (not a RaQ 4 server) over the network to verify the status of the power supply. ✍ Note: The RaQ 4 server cannot act as a master for other machines.
Appendix A: Using the LCD Console To configure the RaQ 4 for the UPS, first connect the UPS unit and the RaQ 4, and then configure the RaQ 4 through the LCD panel. (Refer to the UPS manual for more information on connecting the devices.) 1. Plug the UPS into the wall socket. 2. Turn on the UPS. 3. Plug the RaQ 4 servers into the UPS power sockets. 4. Connect the UPS serial cable to the UPS unit and the serial port on the RaQ 4 that will serve as the master. See Figure 58. ☞ 5.
Configuring an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) 12. If you choose [S]lave, the LCD screen prompts you for the IP address of the device configured as the master. Enter the IP address using the arrow buttons. The left and right arrow buttons move the cursor position to the left or right. The up and down arrow buttons increase or decrease the digit at the cursor position. 13. Press the E button. The LCD screen returns to the host name and IP address. The LCD screen does NOT prompt you to save the changes.
Appendix A: Using the LCD Console Rebooting To reboot the RaQ 4 through the LCD console: 1. On the LCD console, hold down the S button for approximately 2 seconds. The LCD screen displays: SELECT: SETUP NETWORK 2. Press the S button until Reboot appears in the LCD screen: SELECT: REBOOT 3. Press the E button. 4. Use the arrow buttons to toggle the cursor between [Y] and [N]. Select [Y] to reboot the system. 5. Press the E button.
Powering down Powering down ! Caution: To prevent the potential loss of data, it is important to follow the proper power-down procedure before turning off the RaQ 4. To power down the RaQ 4: 1. On the LCD console, hold down the S button for approximately 2 seconds. The LCD screen displays: SELECT: SETUP NETWORK 2. Press the S button until Power down appears in the LCD screen: SELECT: POWER DOWN 3. Press the E button. 4. Use the arrow buttons to toggle the cursor between [Y] and [N].
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Appendix B Product Information Technical data for the RaQ 4 Hardware Depending on the configuration, your RaQ 4 server has the following hardware components. See Table 1 on page 2 for more information. • x86-compatible superscalar processor • 512 KB of L2 cache • 64-MB to 512-MB PC-100 SDRAM DIMMs (2 slots) (3.
Appendix B: Product Information Software The RaQ 4 has the following software features. Features • Linux 2.2 multitasking operating system • Apache 1.3.12 Web server, HTTP/1.1 compliant • Virtual hosting services: name-based and IP-based • Common gateway interface (CGI) support • Active Server Pages (ASP) support by Chili!Soft • PHP 4.
Technical data for the RaQ 4 System management • SSL support for secure administration • Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) management support • Browser-based Setup Wizard • Browser-based RaQ 4 server management and individual virtual site management interfaces • Online ActiveAssist real-time help • ActiveMonitor maintenance agents • Advanced management using telnet • Web-based performance and usage reporting • Browser-based backup and restore utility • Browser-based software upgr
Appendix B: Product Information • Operating environment: 32oF to 95oF (0oC to 35oC) 10% to 90% humidity (non-condensing) • Non-operating environment: 14oF to 122oF (-10oC to 50oC) 5% to 93% humidity (non-condensing) • Light-emitting diodes (LEDs): Power, Transmit/Receive, Link, Collision, 100 Mb/s Operation, Disk Activity, Web Activity Regulatory approvals • CISPR 22B • VCCI-B • UL • C-UL • TUV • CE • Austel • BSMI/BCIQ • RRL 160 Cobalt RaQ 4 User Manual
Upgrading your RaQ 4 Upgrading your RaQ 4 The RaQ 4 unit is a single rack-unit (1RU) enclosure. Before you purchase a component to add to the RaQ 4, ensure that the component fits into the allocated space: • The DIMM modules must be less than 1.5 inches (38.1 mm) tall and less than 0.158 inches (4.0 mm) thick. • The PCI expansion slot has been designed to accommodate the PCI standard short card form factor, with some additional space for longer cards. The PCI card must be less than 10.
Appendix B: Product Information Adding a memory module or PCI card Be careful not to damage components during the upgrade. 1. Adding a memory module: • 2. You can install a DIMM module in either Memory Slot 1 or Slot 2. See Figure 60. Adding a PCI expansion card: • Remove the PCI slot cover, and its retainer and screw. See Figure 59. • Remove the protective cover from the PCI connector. • Plug the PCI card into the PCI connector. See Figure 60.
Heat sink USB port Memory slot 1 Cobalt RaQ 4 User Manual External SCSI connector (optional) Screw hole Status Indicators (LEDs) IDE hard drive connectors Console serial port Power connector Serial connector Screw hole Screw hole Network 1 Network 2 (optional) PCI connector (optional) (Second connector optional) Screw hole View from top Memory slot 2 ✍ Screw hole Screw hole Upgrading your RaQ 4 Printed circuit board Figure 60 shows the layout of the printed circuit board PCB) in the R
Appendix B: Product Information Adding or replacing a hard disk drive in a RaQ 4 If you have the base RaQ 4 server configuration, you can replace a failed hard disk drive but you cannot add a second hard disk drive. If you have a RaQ 4i server, you can replace a failed hard disk drive or add a second hard disk drive. If you have a RaQ 4r server, you can replace a failed hard disk drive.
Upgrading your RaQ 4 Requirements Before adding the second hard disk drive, make sure that you have the following: • a hard disk drive that meets the specifications in Table 5. • a Phillips screwdriver ! Caution: If you are replacing a failed hard disk drive in a RaQ 4r server, ensure that you are installing a hard disk drive of the same capacity as the one you are replacing. If the RaQ 4 is mounted on an equipment rack, remove the RaQ 4 from the rack and take it to a service area.
Appendix B: Product Information 6. Reboot the RaQ 4. 7. If you have added a second hard disk drive to a RaQ 4i server, add the new storage unit through the browser-based UI. See “Storage” on page 82. If you have replaced a failed hard disk drive in a RaQ 4r server, you do not need to add the new hard disk drive through the UI. When rebooting, the system automatically detects the new hard disk drive.
Upgrading your RaQ 4 Figure 61 shows the layout of the IDE cables in the RaQ 4. Power supply Secondary hard drive Power connector 2 IDE connectors 1 Printed circuit board (simplified) Primary hard drive Figure 61.
Appendix B: Product Information Figure 62 shows the layout of the power cables in the RaQ 4. 2 Primary IDE connector Secondary hard drive Power supply 168 3 1 Power cables Secondary IDE connector Power connector Printed circuit board (simplified) Primary hard drive Figure 62.
Upgrading your RaQ 4 Removing a hard disk drive To remove a hard disk drive: 1. Unplug the IDE cable from the hard disk drive (see Figure 61). 2. Unplug the power cable from the hard disk drive (see Figure 62). 3. Remove the screw that attaches the hard-disk-drive bracket to the chassis. 4. Slide the bracket off the metal tabs on the chassis and lift the bracket and hard disk drive off. 5. On the underside of the bracket, remove the four screws that attach the hard disk drive to the bracket. 6.
Appendix B: Product Information 5. Set the bracket with the attached hard disk drive on the chassis and slide it onto the metal tabs. The connectors on the hard disk drive must face in to the center of the chassis, with the foam pad located next to the power supply. 6. Re-attach the bracket to the chassis with the correct screw. Connecting the hard disk drive To connect the hard disk drive: 1. Remove the cap from the Y-connector power cable. 2.
Appendix C Advanced Information Serial console port You can connect a console terminal to the DB-9 connector on the back panel of the RaQ 4. The terminal can be either an ASCII terminal or a PC running terminal software. The console terminal should have the following communications parameters—115 200 baud, 8 data bits, no parity and one stop bit.
Appendix C: Advanced Information To initialize the RaQ 4 through the serial console port: 1. Connect a null modem serial cable to the serial console port on the back panel of the RaQ 4. The following figure shows back panel of the RaQ 4i/RaQ 4r server configuration; the serial console port on the base RaQ 4 server configuration is in the same location. PCI slot Serial console port 2.
Development tools 8. Another prompt is displayed: [S]AVE / [C]ANCEL. Enter “S” to save the configuration. The message Verifying and saving... appears. 9. Once the configuration is saved, the terminal screen displays the normal boot status messages. Continue administration of the RaQ 4 through your Web browser. Development tools The RaQ 4 provides a collection of utilities to support applications development and server administration.
Appendix C: Advanced Information Configuration files If necessary, you can change some of the configuration files for the RaQ 4 services for development purposes, but this may void your warranty. Please read your warranty card before making any changes. ! Caution: Changing any of the following configuration files can dramatically affect the operation of the services configured by means of the RaQ 4’s Web-based administration service or the administration service itself.
Directory structure Directory structure The hard disk drive on the RaQ 4 is partitioned into four segments. Most of the available space on the hard disk drive is on the partition mounted from /home. It is recommended to do most of your work under this partition. By default, quotas are turned on in this partition and are used extensively by the system software.
Appendix C: Advanced Information Site user home page When a user on the main site is created through the browser-based UI, the home directory for that site user is created in: /home/sites/home/users/username/web The content of their Web pages can be viewed at http:///users// or http:///~ /.
Directory structure Scripting languages available per site Active Server Pages (ASP) You can save Active Server Pages (ASP) files in any directory on your site, provided that support for ASP is enabled, the ASP file is executable and the file ends with an .asp extension. The RaQ 4 is pre-configured with Chili!Soft ASP software. PHP You can save PHP files in any directory on your site, provided that support for PHP embedded scripting is enabled, the PHP file is executable and the file ends with a .php extension.
Appendix C: Advanced Information 178 Cobalt RaQ 4 User Manual
Appendix D Domain Name System Basic DNS The Internet uses a distributed naming system called the Domain Naming System (DNS). DNS allows us to refer to computers by host names as well as by Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. IP addresses are hard to remember and are inconvenient to use. DNS allows us to use host names and domain names which can resolved to IP addresses. DNS servers translate host names and domain names (for example, www.cobalt.com) to an associated IP address (for example, 192.168.1.10.
Appendix D: Domain Name System Enabling the DNS server feature ☞ Important: Always click Save Changes to DNS Server after modifying DNS records. If you do not, the changes will not take effect. To enable the DNS server on the RaQ 4: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click the check box to enable the Domain Name System (DNS) Server (if it is not already turned on). 3. Click Save Changes.
Basic DNS 8. Click Update List. 9. Click Save Changes to DNS Server. Specifying a reverse lookup (PTR) record A DNS server can also resolve a computer host name to an IP address, which is known as reverse lookup. The network mask, or subnet size, is specified by an integer from 8 to 32. See Table 6. To specify a reverse lookup (PTR) record: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2.
Appendix D: Domain Name System Specifying an alias (CNAME) record This feature allows you to alias one host name to another. The target host name does not need to be a member of the local domain. For example, you can create an alias record from “news.domain.com” to “uucp.isp.net”. ! Caution: Do not use an Alias (CNAME) Record to cause a domain name to resolve to a host name. For example, do not create an Alias (CNAME) Record for mydomain.com that resolves to www.mydomain.com.
Basic DNS Adding a secondary domain To add a secondary name-server authority for a domain: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click Parameters next to the DNS service in the Service Settings table. 3. Select Secondary Name Service for Domain from the Add... pull-down menu. 4. Enter the domain name to be serviced and the IP address of the primary DNS server. 5. Click Update List. 6. Click Save Changes to DNS Server.
Appendix D: Domain Name System Advanced DNS Network Mask Notation Conversion Use Table 6 to convert between dot-quad and network mask bit-count notations. Table 6. Network Mask Notation Conversion Dot-Quad Bit count 255.0.0.0 8 255.128.0.0 9 255.192.0.0 10 255.224.0.0 11 255.240.0.0 12 255.248.0.0 13 255.252.0.0 14 255.254.0.0 15 255.255.0.0 16 255.255.128.0 17 255.255.192.0 18 255.255.224.0 19 255.255.240.0 20 255.255.248.0 21 255.255.252.0 22 255.255.254.0 23 255.255.
Advanced DNS Table 6. Network Mask Notation Conversion Dot-Quad Bit count 255.255.255.240 28 255.255.255.248 29 Delegating a subdomain ☞ Important: Always click Save Changes to DNS Server after modifying DNS records. If you do not, the changes will not take effect. DNS servers are organized hierarchically. You can delegate the name server authority for subdomains of any domain served by the RaQ 4 to other name servers. For example, domain.
Appendix D: Domain Name System Delegating a subnet You can delegate the name-server authority for a network to a remote DNS server. To delegate the subnet naming authority to a remote DNS server: 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click Parameters next to the DNS service in the Service Settings table. 3. Select the parent network from the Select Domain or Network... pull-down menu. 4. Select Delegate Subnetwork from the Add...
Advanced DNS 5. A zone transfer allows another DNS server to download the complete list of hosts maintained by your DNS server. By default, zone transfers are unrestricted. However, you can restrict zone transfers if you want. Enter IP addresses or network addresses in the Zone Transfer Access field; this automatically causes zone transfers to become restricted. Now, only the IP addresses or network addresses listed in this field are able to perform zone transfers. 6. Click Save Changes. 7.
Appendix D: Domain Name System Name server (NS) The primary name server defaults to the host name of the RaQ 4. You can specify the qualified host name of the secondary DNS server for that domain in the Secondary Name Server (NS) host name field. Some top-level domain registration organizations require that the secondary name server record be defined. Domain administrator email address The email address defaults to the user name admin of the RaQ 4.
Sample setup of DNS service Sample setup of DNS service This sample setup assumes that you have already done two things: 1. You have registered your domain name. For more information on registering a domain name, visit the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) at http://www.icann.org. 2. You have created the Web site on the RaQ 4. For instructions on how to do this, see “Developing Web pages” on page 145 and “Directory structure” on page 175.
Appendix D: Domain Name System These records allow anyone on the Internet to type either “mydomain.com” or “www.mydomain.com” in order to access your Web site. To set up these records, go to the Parameters section of the DNS server in the Cobalt user interface (UI). 1. On the Server Management screen, click Control Panel. The Service Settings table appears. 2. Click the check box to enable Domain Name System (DNS) service (if it is not already enabled). 3. Click Save Changes.
Sample setup of DNS service Create an Address (A) Record Create an Address (A) Record for “mydomain.com”: 1. 2. Select Address (A) Record from the Add... pull-down menu • Leave the Host Name field blank. • In the Domain Name field, enter mydomain.com. • In the IP Address field, enter 192.168.10.10. • Ensure the check box for Automatic Reverse Address Record Generation is checked. This automatically creates the Reverse Address (PTR) Record. Click Update List.
Appendix D: Domain Name System Create a second Address (A) Record Create a second Address (A) Record for “www.mydomain.com”. ✍ 1. 2. Note: Do not make this a CNAME record. Some email server software cannot process CNAME records. If you would like to create multiple names for one IP address, create multiple A records. See “Specifying an alias (CNAME) record” on page 182 for the appropriate use of CNAME records. Select Address (A) Record again from the Add... pull-down menu.
Sample setup of DNS service Create a Mail Server (MX) Record To receive mail for “mydomain.com”, create a Mail Server (MX) Record. An MX record is similar to a A record but points to a name rather than an IP address. It is critical that the MX record point to a name which has a corresponding A record with the proper IP address. 1. Select Mail Server (MX) Record from the Add... pull-down menu. • Leave the Host Name field blank. • In the Domain Name field, enter mydomain.com.
Appendix D: Domain Name System To edit another domain, select another domain from the Select Domain or Network... pull-down menu. You can select any domain that you have configured for the DNS server. To add a new domain, use the Add... pull-down menu again. In the Domain Name field, replace the default domain name with the new domain name that you want to create. Further information For further information, refer to the following: • In the Cobalt Knowledge Base, search on “DNS”. • http://www.dnswiz.
Brief history of the Domain Name System (DNS) DNS is a distributed database that allows local administration of the segments on the overall database. Data in each segment of the database are available across the entire network through a client-server scheme consisting of name servers and resolvers. What is a DNS record? People are much more comfortable dealing with names rather than strings of numbers. A domain name such as “cobalt.
Appendix D: Domain Name System To determine which primary name server contains your domain name: 1. The local name server (the DNS resolver/browser machine) contacts the root-level name server maintained by several Internet root server authorities. 2. The root-level name server returns the IP address of the primary name server responsible for the requested domain name. 3. The local name server contacts the primary name server. 4.
Appendix E Licenses The BSD Copyright Copyright ©1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2.
Appendix E: Licenses GNU General Public License Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License.
GNU General Public License 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: a. You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. b.
Appendix E: Licenses 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above, provided that you also do one of the following: a. Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, b.
GNU General Public License 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.
Appendix E: Licenses 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License. 9.
GNU General Public License NO WARRANTY 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING, THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Appendix E: Licenses SSL License Copyright (c) 1998-1999 Ralf S. Engelschall. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2.
Appendix F Glossary The entries in this glossary are for your information. Not all of the concepts, technologies and protocols apply to the RaQ 4 server. 10/100 BaseTX An Ethernet connection over twisted-pair cables with a throughput of 10 Mb/s or 100 Mb/s. 10BaseT A 10-Mb/s baseband Ethernet specification using two pairs of twisted-pair cabling (Category 3, 4, or 5): one pair for transmitting data and the other for receiving data. 10BaseT (part of the IEEE 802.
Appendix F: Glossary APOP See Authentication Post Office Protocol (APOP). AppleShare A file-sharing protocol in Apple system software that allows sharing of files and network services through a file server in the Apple Macintosh environment. ASP See Active Server Page (ASP).
Common gateway interface (CGI) A set of rules that describe how a Web server communicates with another application running on the same computer and how the application (called a CGI program) communicates with the Web server. Any application can be a CGI program if it handles input and output according to the CGI standard. Collision In an ethernet network, a collision is the result of two devices attempting to transmit data at exactly the same time.
Appendix F: Glossary Domain name The location of an organization or other entity on the Internet. For example, the address www.cobalt.com locates an Internet address for the domain name “cobalt.com” at a particular IP address and a particular host server named “www.” Domain Name System (DNS) The Internet service responsible for translating a human-readable host name such as cobalt.com into a numeric IP address (for example, 192.168.10.10) for TCP/IP communications. DSL See Digital Subscriber Line (DSL).
ETRN ETRN (Extended Turn) is an extension to the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) that allows an SMTP server to send a request to another SMTP server to send any email messages it has. Typically, SMTP is used with two other protocols, Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) or Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), to request messages from a server; SMTP by itself cannot request mail to be sent by another server. ETRN is designed for use by anyone who is traveling and wants to access their email.
Appendix F: Glossary HTTP See HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP). HyperText Markup Language (HTML) A set of “markup” symbols or tags inserted in a text file intended for display on a World Wide Web browser. The markup tags tell the Web browser how to display a Web page’s content, words, and images. HTML is a subset of Standardized Generalized Markup Language (SGML).
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) A system of digital telephone connections. This system allows data to be transmitted simultaneously across the world using end-to-end digital connectivity. With ISDN, voice and data are carried by bearer channels (B channels) occupying a bandwidth of 64 kb/s (some switches limit B channels to a capacity of 56 kb/s). A data channel (D channel) handles signaling at 16 kb/s or 64 kb/s, depending on the type of service.
Appendix F: Glossary Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) Internet Message Access Protocol is a standard protocol for accessing email from your local server. IMAP is a client/server protocol in which email is received and held for you by your Internet server. You (or your email client) can view just the heading and the sender of the letter and then decide whether to download the mail from the server.
Kernel The essential center of a computer operating system, the core that provides basic services for all other parts of the operating system. A kernel can be contrasted with a shell, the outermost part of an operating system that interacts with user commands. Kernel and shell are terms used more frequently in UNIX. See also Shell. LAN See local area network (LAN). Leased IP address An IP address assigned by the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to an unrecognized computing device.
Appendix F: Glossary Media access control (MAC) address A standardized data-link-layer address that is required for every port or device that connects to a LAN. Other devices in the network use these addresses to locate specific ports in the network, and to create and update routing tables and data structures. MAC addresses are six bytes long and are controlled by the IEEE. Also known as a hardware address, a MAC-layer address and a physical address.
Packet The unit of data that is routed between an origin and a destination on the Internet or any other packet-switched network. The packet includes a header containing control information and (usually) user data. Packets are most often used to refer to network layer units of data. PCI See Peripheral Component Interface (PCI).
Appendix F: Glossary Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) A specification for connecting multiple computer users on an ethernet to a remote site through common customer-premises equipment such as a modem and similar devices. PPPoE can be used to allow an office or building full of users share a common digital subscriber line (DSL), cable modem or wireless connection to the Internet.
Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) A redundant array of independent disks is a way of storing the same data in different places (thus, redundantly) on multiple hard disk drives. A RAID appears to the operating system to be a single virtual disk drive. Redundancy means that there is protection against the failure of any single hard disk drive.
Appendix F: Glossary Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Secure Sockets Layer is a program layer created by Netscape Communications for managing the security of message transmissions in a network. Netscape’s idea was that the programming for keeping your messages confidential ought to be contained in a program layer between higher-level protocols (such as HTTP or IMAP) and the TCP/IP layers of the Internet.
Server A system program that awaits requests from client programs in the same computer or across a network, and services those requests. A server can be dedicated, in which case this is its sole function, or non-dedicated, where the system can be used in other ways, such as a workstation.
Appendix F: Glossary Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) A parallel interface standard used by PCs, some Apple Macintosh computers and many Unix systems for attaching peripheral devices to computers. SCSI interfaces provide for faster data transmission rates (up to 160 Mb/s) than standard serial and parallel ports. In addition, you can attach many devices to a single SCSI port, so that SCSI is really an input/output bus rather than simply an interface. SMB See Server Message Block (SMB).
Virtual host See Virtual site. Virtual memory A concept that, when implemented by a computer and its operating system, allows programmers to use a very large range of memory or storage addresses for stored data. Virtual site Whereas industry uses the term virtual host, Cobalt Networks uses the term virtual site. In Cobalt’s definition, a virtual site consists of a Domain Name System (DNS) domain with Web, FTP and email services. Each virtual site contains its own list of site-user accounts.
Appendix F: Glossary 222 Cobalt RaQ 4 User Manual
Index Numerics 10/100BaseTX 6 100BaseTX 6 10BaseT 6 A Active Monitor 93 status colors 93 Active Server Pages 45 Administrative Server 45 enable 43 server-side scripting language 145, 177 Adding email alias 105 hard disk drive 164 mailing list 109 PCI card 161 site user 99 virtual site 47 Add-on storage 82 Address (A) record 189 Administration of RaQ 4 distributed control 34 full control 34 hybrid control 34 Administration server for SSL 123 Advanced DNS 184 configuring server settings 186 delegating a subd
Index Basic DNS 179 configuring primary DNS server 180 secondary DNS server 182 description 179 enabling DNS server 180 record address (A) 189 alias (CNAME) 182 mail server (MX) 181 reverse lookup (PTR) 181 Battery iii Block email. See Reject email from users/hosts/domains.
Index Directory structure 175 CGI usage 176 RaQ 4 home page 175 server-side scripting languages 177 site user home page 176 virtual site home page 175 Discussion Groups 15 Disk status 91 DNS configuring primary DNS server 180 secondary DNS server 182 server settings 186 delegating subdomain 185 subnet 186 description 179 domain administrator email address 188 enabling DNS server 180 expire interval 188 history of DNS 194 how does DNS work 195 name server 188 Network Mask Notation Conversion 184 record addre
Index relaying 56 enable 57 hosts/domains 55 service status 92 settings 102 using 144 vacation reply 102, 139 Email server alias 42 Embedded scripting, PHP 43, 45 Equipment rack iv Expire interval 188 F Forwarding email 102, 139 Front view 4 LCD arrow buttons 4 LCD screen 4 logo badge 4 reset password 4 status indicators 4 FrontPage publishing Web pages 147 server extensions 42, 44 virtual site 42, 44 webmaster account 42, 44 FTP anonymous FTP 42 control panel 58 publishing Web pages 146 service status 92
Index LCD screen 4 powering down the RaQ 4 155 rebooting the RaQ 4 154 LCD screen 4 Legato file backup 60 Levels of user RaQ 4 administrator 7 site administrator 7 site user 7 Licenses BSD copyright 197 GNU General Public License 198 SSL License 204 Limit to virtual sites 37 List management. See Mailing lists.
Index P R Part number, user manual ii Partner solutions 159 Password RaQ 4 administrator changing password 51 resetting password 51 resetting, RaQ 4 4 PCI adding card 161 expansion slot 5 Personal profile 137 PHP embedded scripting 45 enable 43 server-side scripting language 145, 177 Physical data, RaQ 4 159 Power cord iv, 21 Power socket 5 Power switch 5 Powering down the RaQ 4 155 Powering on the RaQ 4 21 Primary DNS server configuration 180 Primary DNS server address 26 Printed circuit board 163 Produ
Index setting up 19 configuring for network 22 connecting power cord 21 connecting to network 21 installation 19 making the connection 19 mounting ears 20 powering on 21 rubber feet 20 setting up with browser 24 network settings 26 registration, mail-in card 32 registration, online 29 service settings 28 Setup Wizard 25 time settings 29 site management 37, 95 site usage 88 site user 97 support tools 86 system status 89 services 92 system components 91 target audience 6 virtual site, definition 35 Rear view
Index SCSI connector 5 Search site user 100 virtual site 39 Secondary DNS server configuration 182 Secondary DNS server address 26 Secure POP3 virtual site 43 Secure sockets layer. See SSL.
Index directory structure home page 176 email options 138 modifying 138 personal profile 137 removing 102 restore 143 search feature 100 services on a site 137 sort feature 100 telnet service 148 usage data 140 Smart relay host name, email 55 SMTP server 53 SNMP agent 59 service status 92 Software features 158 install software 80 partner solutions 159 system management 159 Solutions 14, 159 Sort site user 100 virtual site 39 SSL administration server 123 delete certificate 126 description 118 enable on virt
Index Online Technical Papers 15 Solutions 14 support calls 16 support tools feature 17 Telnet service status 92 site services 148 telnet server control panel 58 Time settings 29 control panel 69 Time-to-live period 188 U Upgrading memory module 161 Usage data for site user 140 User management 97 Users RaQ 4 administrator 7 site administrator 7 site user 7 V Vacation reply 102, 139 Ventilation iii Virtual site adding 47 adding site user 99 anonymous FTP 42 authentication POP (APOP) 43 backup 128 file loca
Index settings 118 submit to external certification authority 123 suspend site user 116 suspend site, hard 85 suspend site, soft 115 user management 97 Web server alias 41 W Web developing pages 145 CGI scripts 145 server-side scripting languages 145 publishing pages FrontPage 147 FTP 146 Web browser requirements v, 6 setting up the RaQ 4 24 Setup Wizard 25 Web server control panel 53 status 92 Web server alias 41 Webmaster account for FrontPage 42, 44 Cobalt RaQ 4 User Manual 233
Index 234 Cobalt RaQ 4 User Manual
