0Mbps SPREAD SPECTRUM WIRELESS TRANSCEIVERS M10 Series User’s Manual Rev.
CLARION M10 SERIES NOTICES FCC Models, JX-4000F-A, JX4000F-C, JX4000W-A and JX4000W-C comply with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
CLARION M10 SERIES TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________ 1 1.1 Welcome______________________________________________________________ 1 1.1.1 M10 _____________________________________________________________________ 1 1.1.2 M10II ____________________________________________________________________ 1 1.2 Summary of Features ___________________________________________________ 3 1.2.1 FEATURES OF ALL M10 MODEMS __________________________________________ 3 1.
CLARION M10 SERIES 5. 6. 4.6 Emissions ____________________________________________________________ 25 4.7 Environmental________________________________________________________ 25 4.8 Spectrum Mask _______________________________________________________ 26 CONFIGURATION _______________________________________________ 27 5.1 Default Settings _______________________________________________________ 27 5.2 Configuration Commands ______________________________________________ 27 5.
CLARION M10 SERIES INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Welcome Welcome to Clarion’s world of wireless LAN (Local Area Network) products. The M10 family of products currently include the M10 (Models JX-4000FA, JX-4000F-C and JX-4000F-S), and the M10II (Models JX4000W-A, JX-4000W-C, and JX4000W-S.
CLARION M10 SERIES INTRODUCTION upgraded feature of the M10II is the extension of retransmission protocol to multi-source address situations. This key new feature of the M10II required substantial development. In wired communications frames are lost mainly by collisions. However, in wireless communications frames can be lost by fading, weak signals or interference. Thus, all radio modems require lower level retransmission of frames to provide adequate reliability and throughput.
CLARION M10 SERIES INTRODUCTION 1.2 Summary of Features 1.2.1 FEATURES OF ALL M10 MODEMS • • • • • • • • • • 10 Mbps Wireless Multi-Point Modem Plugs into AUI port of a hub, media converter or router Simple to install Adapts immediately without user intervention High Throughput at the MAC (Media Access Control) layer Compatible with all IEEE 802.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE 2. STRUCTURE 2.1 Block Diagram The following is a block diagram of the M10. Figure 2.1 TX/RX FIFO FEC Encoder/ Decoder MODEM RAM LED Driver Main µP LED Front Panel ROM Rear Panel AUI/FIFO Interface & Control MAU Driver MAU Digital PCB RF PCB EXT ANT Power Amp DC 6.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE AUI/FIFO Interface & Control: provides fast-in-fast-out buffer management using TX/RX FIFO to minimize the degradation of the throughput. TX/RX FIFO: FIFO RAM managed by AUI/FIFO Interface & Control. FEC Encoder/Decoder: Encoder and a decoder for efficient forward error correction. MODEM: generates baseband transmission signals corresponding to the uploaded data stream or a control data generated by the Main µP.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE Down Converter: regenerates baseband signals from IF signals fed to the A/D Converter. A/D Converter: converts analog baseband signals to digital signal stream for the MODEM. Main µ P (Microprocessor): controls the signal flow, hardware functions, and the protocol. DC 6.2V port: The output of the AC adapter connects to this port. This voltage is tightly specified. Please contact to Clarion, if you want to use alternate power sources.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE 2.3 Principles of Operation 2.3.1 UPLOAD PROCESS The Upload is defined as a data flow from an Ethernet device to the M10. During Upload, it provides the following: • Detection of preamble of the Ethernet frame followed by the frame sync pattern. • Suppression of the Ethernet preamble and frame sync for RF transmission. (These portions of the frame are meaningless for wireless transmission).
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE Figure 2.3.1 shows the encapsulation process described above. Figure 2.3.1 Standard 802.3 or Ethernet II F Preamble S Dest. Source L or P LLC data CRC ACROSS MAU INTERFACE MAC preamble & frame sync are removed; RF MAC header is added. RF MAC Dest. Header Source IN TX FIFO If FEC coding is employed, then it protects everything. FEC Encoded Frame OUT OF FEC ENCODER RF PHY Header FROM MODEM 2.3.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE • Detection of any collision condition for avoiding collision of the Download to the Upload and signaling of such to the AUI interface and to the CPU. 2.3.3 BUFFER MEMORY A data transfer is called an Upload when the Ethernet device conveys a frame to the buffer memory, and a Download when a frame is conveyed from the buffer memory to the Ethernet device.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE Prior to the re-transmission, the M10 recognizes and memorizes the source MAC address of an Ethernet device connected to the M10 through the MAU port. The Download occurs only when the M10 recognizes complete matching of the memorized source MAC address and destination MAC address written in a received radio frame. Once the M10 memorizes the source MAC address, no update of the source MAC address is performed in the M10 unless the power turns off.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE The value of the time-out is currently fixed to 300 µ sec. It will be updated in the future to a user-definable variable to support a range of wireless links. Figure 2.3.5 Ethernet Device #1 M10 #1 M10 #2 Ethernet Device #2 Data#1 Data#1 Ack Time-out Timer Ack#1 Data#1 Data#2 Data#2 Ack Time-out Timer Ack#2 Data#2 × Data#2 Data#3 Data#3 Ack Time-out Timer Data#2 (N ote) × Data#3 Data#3 × indicates missing of radio frames.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE 2.3.6 SECURITY Security is a great concern with any data transmission system. Security in wireless data systems may be of even greater concern because of the leakage of transmitter waveforms beyond the intended receiver sites. The M10 offers excellent security without incorporating conventional cryptography. Of course, the user always has the option to add conventional data encryption technology to the most critical applications.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE 2.3.8 ANTENNA RECOGNITION (ANTENNA SENSE CIRCUIT) M10 uses a standard SMA connector for the attachment of external antennas. Although there is a standard SMA connector only Clarion approved antennas will work due to the Antenna Sense Circuit. Antenna Sense Circuit is an electrical verification that the attached antenna is FCC approved for use with the M10. If another antenna is attached the M10 will not transmit.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE 2.3.9 ANTENNA POINTING It is important to properly point external directional antennas at the time of installation. We suggest that the user employ the Traffic program (included in the Software Utility Kit Diskette) to assist in the installation of directional antennas. We suggest that the installer follow these steps as part the external directional antenna set-up process: 1. Connect a laptop computer to the MAU port of the M10.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE 2.3.11 POSITIONING Proper positioning of the M10 units will increase the range of operation and the ability of the units to communicate. It is important to position the M10 units out in the open and away from any large metal objects such as file cabinets, safes, storage cabinets, metal walls or walls containing foil-backed insulation. To reduce the risk of the unit overheating, do not place the M10 under boxes, papers or anything that may reduce airflow.
CLARION M10 SERIES STRUCTURE a manner that direct RF leakage between the two antennas is reduced by an intervening metal object or shielding wall. 2.3.12 CHANNEL ACCESS PROTOCOL The M10 provides for adaptive P-CSMA1 by using a sequence of P values.
CLARION M10 SERIES APPEARANCE 3. APPEARANCE 3.1 Dimensions 2 inches (W) x 4.7 inches (H) x 6.5 inches (D) 3.2 Weight 14 ounces 3.3 Front and Rear Panel Figure 3.3 Internal antenna (inside the top cover) MAU port MAU LED TX LED External antenna port DC 6.
CLARION M10 SERIES SPECIFICATIONS 4. SPECIFICATIONS 4.1 General Frequency Range Carrier Frequency Type of Emission Chip Modulation Processing Gain Communication Method Channel Access Method Type of Interface Datalink Interface Network Addressing RF MAC Protocol Network Topology Note 1 2 : 2400-2483.5 MHz ISM band : 2436.07 MHz : Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum : BPSK, 32 Mcps : 12dB (Nominal) : Half Duplex : SS-P-CSMA2 : MAU (driven by AUI) : IEEE802.
CLARION M10 SERIES SPECIFICATIONS 4.2 Radio Table 4.2 Parameter Min. Carrier Frequency Stability Max. -10 Peak Power Density -6 Unit Note +10 PPM Data Rate 10 +1.0 dBm/ MHz Mbps Sensitivity -85 -81 dBm 2436MHz 1.4 2.3 2436MHz+10MHz 1.9 3.2 2436MHz+20MHz 2.2 3.9 2436MHz+30MHz 2.6 4.1 VSWR 1. Typ. -2 V/V 1 2 3 Measured by spectrum analyzer with RBW=1MHz, VBW=10Hz. Total transmit power can be calculated by adding 16.0±0.6 dB to the Peak Power Density.
CLARION M10 SERIES SPECIFICATIONS 4.3 Network Table 4.3 Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Note Throughput without Re-transmission 7.9 8.8 Mbps 1 Throughput with Re-transmission 6.8 7.6 Mbps 1 Boot up Time 5.5 sec 2 1 10 (Mbps) × Measured Average Utilization (%) under the condition of two units connected by cable through 60 dB attenuator and uni-directional data flow. 2 Time for self checking and stabilization of radio operating point.
CLARION M10 SERIES SPECIFICATIONS 4.4 Port 4.4.1 MAU PORT 4.4.1.1 Pin Assignment Table 4.4.1.
CLARION M10 SERIES SPECIFICATIONS 4.4.1.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings of the Driver (An7992B) Table 4.4.1.2 Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit DC Voltage Applied to Outputs - 0.5 + 5.0 V DC Voltage Applied to Inputs - 6.0 + 12.0 V DC Logic Input Voltage Note + 5.5 V DC Output Current, into Outputs 100 mA DC Input Current (Logic) ± 30 mA 4.4.1.3 Transformer (ST7032) Table 4.4.1.3 Parameter Min. Typ. Common Mode Standoff Max. Unit Note 2000 Vrms Rise Time 3.0 ns 4.4.2 DC 6.2V PORT 4.4.2.
CLARION M10 SERIES SPECIFICATIONS 4.4.2.2 Power Jack Requirement Ground Positive pin Pin length : : : 5.5 mm outer diameter 2.1 mm inner diameter 10 mm 2.1 Positive 5.5 Ground 10 (mm) Figure 4.4.2.2 Note Ground is connected to a chassis of the M10.
CLARION M10 SERIES SPECIFICATIONS 4.5 LED Display There are four LED indicator lights on the front panel of the M10 (Figure 3.3). These lights help the user to understand the status of the M10. The Lights are as follows: MAU -Flickers for Upload or Download of a Connected AUI. TX - Flickers whenever a frame is RF transmitted RX - Flickers whenever a frame is RF received POWER - Indicates the M10 is turned on Table 4.
CLARION M10 SERIES SPECIFICATIONS 4.6 Emissions Non-intentional : Intentional : FCC part 15 (Radio Frequency Devices) Subpart B (Unintentional Radiator) Class A digital devices & peripherals FCC part 15 (Radio Frequency Devices) Subpart C (Intentional Radiator) 4.7 Environmental Operating Temperature Range Specification Guaranteed Operation Guaranteed Storage Temperature Range : : : Humidity : Vibration : M10 SERIES USER’S MANUAL 0ºC ~ +40ºC -10ºC~+50ºC -20ºC ~ +60ºC 0% ~ 90% 0.
CLARION M10 SERIES SPECIFICATIONS 4.8 Spectrum Mask Spectrum of transmission signal from external antenna port of JX-4000FS complies with spectrum mask shown in Figure 4.8. The example shows acceptable spectrum. This specification is applied at room temperature. Figure 4.8 Measurement conditions of the spectrum: 1. Using spectrum analyzer connected directly to external port of JX-4000F-S. 2. Spectrum Analyzer Settings l Center Frequency : 2436.
CLARION M10 SERIES CONFIGURATION 5. CONFIGURATION The M10II units are pre-configured to operate right out of the box. There are also a variety of options that the user can change to adapt the M10II to a specific situation. The configuration software is pre-loaded into an internal EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) in the M10II. For updates to this software please see section 8. Technical Information. 5.
CLARION M10 SERIES CONFIGURATION • Tmshow.exe will read out the table that is stored in the M10II at the time of issue. The new configuration commands for controlling the M10II are as follows (can use with the send or sendm10 commands): CONFigFe1, CONFigFe0 turns M10II mode on/off respectively. When M10II is off the radio does not operate. This command is stored in non-volatile memory and takes immediate effect. CONFigFt1, CONFigFt0 turns transmit filtering on/off.
CLARION M10 SERIES CONFIGURATION that will convert an ASCII address list to the proper internal format is available from the web site. Also, the required format is available if you want to generate your own program to do this. In order to keep remote commands enabled when the OEM is uploading a table, the MAC ID of the radio must be included in the uploaded table, since the remote commands rely on having it there.
CLARION M10 SERIES CONFIGURATION Table 5.3 Configurable Parameters Parameters AUI Busy Collision Possible Values 1/0 (i.e. On/Off) Default On SQE Test 1/0 (i.e. On/Off) Off Download with CRC error 1/0 (i.e. On/Off) Off FEC Sequence on retries P-CSMA slots Try # Available configuration FE 1 FEC on or off for each trial Off 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Try # 1 Available configuration P-CSMA slotnumber P of 1 to 8 for each trial.
CLARION M10 SERIES Parameters P-CSMA slots (continued) CONFIGURATION Possible Values 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Number of tries of transmission Hardware Address Checking Security Code Channel Duplicate Filter Search Code Antenna Diversity 4 Default 3 1–8 4 5 6 7 8 8 8 1/0 (On/Off) Off 00001h ~ FFFFh 2D1Bh 1/0 (On/Off) On 44BCh, A0DCh, D223h, 0A76h, 425Ch, 23A4h, 245Ch, A243h 1/0 (On/Off) 44BCh Off Remarks For example, a value of 3 means there are 8 possible slots that a queued transmission can begi
CLARION M10 SERIES Parameters Antenna Selection RF Address Use default MAC ID Possible Values 1/0 (External/Internal) Derived from attached NIC Or set manually with CONFigRf command. MAC Address (00606FXXXXXX) or Clarion Null Address (00606F000000) ACK time-out 0xx6E to 0xxFE M10 SERIES USER’S MANUAL CONFIGURATION Default FF (= External with Diversity set to OFF) Remarks This parameter must be set to ‘External’ absolutely because no internal antenna is provided with JX-4000.
CLARION M10 SERIES STANDARDS 6. COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS 6.1 MAU While the M10 has been designed to appear electrically as a standard MAU, it is executing a medium-access protocol appropriate for the wireless medium. As a result, some of its behaviors are not reflected in a wiredmedium MAU, and the transparency to the wired-medium MAC in the attached computer or bridging device cannot be absolute.
CLARION M10 SERIES STANDARDS 1. Invoke flow control (default for the M10 connected to an AUI port), by using the COLLISION signal to force the Ethernet card into its exponential back-off algorithm. Because there are eight UPLOAD buffers, this flow control can always maximize RF throughput even though the attached device may delay re-offering of frames. 2. Ignore UPLOAD frames when no UPLOAD buffer is available, this may be required when the M10 is connected to multiple computers (e.g.
CLARION M10 SERIES TESTING 7. RECOMMENDED TEST PROCEDURE 7.1 Testing Procedure To test the units connect two M10s (or two M10IIs), one to each of two previously isolated network segments, leaving all settings at the factory default values. 1. Make an inter-segment file transfer and observe the LEDs on the M10II units. The upload (MAU) and transmit (TX) lights on the sending unit will turn on brightly. The receive (RX) and download (MAU) light on the receiving unit will also turn on brightly.
CLARION M10 SERIES TESTING 7.2 SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE M10II 7.2.1 INTRODUCTION TO TESTING THE M10II The standard M10 is a single address wireless modem, the M10II has been expanded to accommodate multi-address situations. The M10II maintains internal acknowledgment-address tables. This extension of retransmission protocol to multi-source address situations requires further information to understand the operation of the M10II: 1.
CLARION M10 SERIES TESTING bandwidth, can be connected with a 10 Mbps backbone since each packet is not necessarily transmitted. Without it turned on, the bandwidth of any local segments is shared by the NICs on other remote segments, since each packet that is generated on another segment is transferred to the local segment and vice versa. Transmit filtering also provides added security because local server traffic is not exposed to other segments.
CLARION M10 SERIES TESTING be uploaded by the first one again. If the loop is allowed to persist, the packet will be regenerated indefinitely. Instead of allowing this to happen, all M10IIs will first start in the blocking mode when they are powered on (if loop detection is enabled). The blocking mode prevents any packets to be transmitted and only loop-sense packets to be downloaded. If a loop is detected, the M10II will block traffic until the loop is eliminated.
CLARION M10 SERIES TESTING loop-sense operation. To exit a blocking state after issuing CONFigFl0 to a blocking radio, the radio must be power cycled. A radio is not forced out of blocking if the loop sensing has determined that it should be blocking. The user can issue a PN code change (locally or remotely) that will accomplish this on the next 4 loop sense cycles. While blocking, no AUI commands can be issued. The radio cannot be queried from the AUI.
CLARION M10 SERIES TESTING ratio to 0.5, then when half of the packets are bad over a specified averaging interval, as determined by not receiving acknowledgments, the source radio will no longer use collisions to back off the source channel. The switching from using flow control to not using flow control and vice versa is an immediate action. Uploaded packets will be transmitted even if flow control is off. If a high percentage of these get through then the flow control is immediately turned back on.
CLARION M10 SERIES TESTING radio is set to use the Clarion null address instead of its own MAC ID, the radio’s MAC ID must be used for remote access. To allow a broadcast address to be used over the air would require handling multiple responses, which is not possible. The command will automatically flow through the sending M10II to the remote M10II and the response will occur back throughout the sending M10II. The retransmission protocol will also work as in the case of any normal packet.
CLARION M10 SERIES TESTING 7.3 Testing Throughput The M10 family of products offers true 10 Mbps RF transmission. However, the real measure of network performance is the average throughput. This requires not only high-data-rate modem transmission, but also efficient utilization of frame buffers and coordination of RF and wiredinterface traffic. The M10’s throughput is greater than or equal to 6.8 Mbps with the re-transmission and 7.
CLARION M10 SERIES TESTING Figure 7.3.2 Hub (if required) Transceiver Cable Hub Transceiver Cable (if required) Variable Attenuator RF Cable 10BaseT Cable 10BaseT Cable M10 Data Flow LAN Analyzer-1 LAN Analyzer-2 7.3.3 MEASURING PROCEDURE OF THROUGHPUT 1. Setup as shown in Figure 7.3.2. The power sources of the M10s must also be connected (not shown in the figure). 2. Power on the M10s 3. Initiate hubs and LAN analyzers.
CLARION M10 SERIES TESTING 4. Transmit frames from LAN analyzer-1 by conditions in the following table (Table 7.3.3). Table 7.3.3 Average Utilization (%) Average Frame Rate (fr/sec) Inter-frame spacing (ms) Times to send Activate message Message # Message Type Frame length (bytes) Source address Destination address FCS type 98 Note-1 Note-1 Continuous 1 802.3 Fox Message 1500 Note-2 Note-3 Good Note-1: This value is determined indirectly. Note-2: Source address varies depending on the products.
CLARION M10 SERIES CUSTOMER ASSISTANCE 8. CUSTOMER ASSISTANCE For more information please refer to any of the following documents: • • • • • M10 Getting Started Guide M10II Getting Started Guide JX-4000F-S Specifications M10 Frame Types – OEM Customer Version M10 Service Manual Authorized users can obtain these documents by calling the Clarion Sales Office (listed below).
CLARION M10 SERIES CUSTOMER ASSISTANCE Marketing Corporate Support M10 Product Wireless LAN Business Group Clarion Corporation of America 8001 Irvine Center Drive, Suite 800 Irvine, California 92618 Telephone: (714) 790-3500 FAX: (714) 790-3599 Website: www.clarionwireless.com Antenna Kit Support Hyperlink Technologies 1201 Clint Moore Road Boca Raton, Florida 33487 Telephone: (561) 995-2256 FAX: (561) 995-2432 Website: www.hyperlinktech.
CLARION M10 SERIES GLOSSARY 9. GLOSSARY AUI - Auxiliary Unit Interface: The standard hardware interface used to connect a device to a 10base5 transceiver. It uses a DB-15 connector. Bridge: A device that connects different networks together allowing them to communicate with each other. BPSK - Binary Phase Shift Key CSMA - Carrier Sense Multiple Access: A method for controlling the transfer of information on an Ethernet network.
CLARION M10 SERIES GLOSSARY IEEE 802.x: The set of Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers standards for the definition of Local Area Network protocols. LAN - Local Area Network: A data communications system which interconnects computer systems at various different sites within a few square kilometers, or less, in order to share resources and communicate with each other.
