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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview, R3.3

June 2002

Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview

Introduction

The Cisco ONS 15327 increases the efficiency of bandwidth delivery and

management in optical transport networks. Like the larger Cisco ONS 15454,the

ONS 15327 is a SONET add/drop multiplexer that offers service aggregation and

high-bandwidth transport of voice and data traffic on a single platform. This

smaller platform makes the ONS 15327 cost-effective and space-efficient when

the full capability of the ONS 15454 is not required, while still enabling users to

easily manage services and quickly increase capacity without disrupting service.

The ONS 15327 is ideal for extending the edge of the optical network to the

customer premise.

Figure 1 Cisco ONS 15327

Summary of content (50 pages)

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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Introduction The Cisco ONS 15327 increases the efficiency of bandwidth delivery and management in optical transport networks. Like the larger Cisco ONS 15454,the ONS 15327 is a SONET add/drop multiplexer that offers service aggregation and high-bandwidth transport of voice and data traffic on a single platform.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Cards and Card Slots The ONS 15327 is designed for maximum flexibility. It carries traditional time-division multiplexing (TDM) and high-speed data traffic — a variety of card configurations offer incremental bandwidth increases as needed and support DS-1, DS-3, OC-3, OC-12, OC-48, and 10/100 Ethernet speeds. Cisco Transport Controller (CTC), the ONS 15327 software interface, provides easy card, node, and network-level provisioning.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Cards and Card Slots All slots are card-ready—when you plug in a card it automatically boots up and becomes ready for service. The cards offer bandwidth in modular increments, making it cost-effective to deploy the system in low-density applications and add bandwidth as needed. The ONS 15327 houses four types of cards: XTC (common control), MIC, Optical, and Ethernet. The XTC and MIC are required to operate the ONS 15327; the Optical and Ethernet cards are high-speed cards.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Cards and Card Slots XTC Card The XTC is the common-control card for the ONS 15327 and contains the electrical tributary circuitry for connecting DS-N traffic. The ONS 15327 provides two XTC cards. The XTC-28-3 card supports 28 DS-1s and three DS-3s. XTC 28-3 card faceplate XTC-28-3 Figure 4 LAN CRAFT FAIL DS3 SF CRIT ACT/STBY DS1 SF MAJ SYNC PWR A MIN ACO PWR B REM 45892 ACO LAMP TEST The XTC-14 card supports 14 DS-1s.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Cards and Card Slots • SONET data communications channel (DCC) termination • System fault detection • Cross-connect maintenance and management The CRIT, MAJ, MIN, and REM alarm LEDs on the XTC faceplate indicate whether a Critical, Major, Minor, or Remote alarm is present anywhere on the ONS 15327 or on a remote node in the network. The XTC card establishes connections and performs time-division switching (TDS) at the STS-1 level between ONS 15327 traffic cards.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Mechanical Interface Cards Mechanical Interface Cards The two MICs, MIC-28-3-A and MIC-28-3-B, provide the physical connection points for the DS-1 and DS-3 interfaces on the XTC cards. They also provide redundant power inputs, inputs and outputs for user-provisionable alarms and controls, and a Building Integrating Timing Supply (BITS) timing input and output.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Optical Cards Optical Cards The optical cards, OC3 IR 4 1310, OC12 IR 1310, OC12 LR 1550, OC48 IR 1310 and OC48 LR 1550, can reside in any high-speed card slot (1 - 4). You can provision an optical card as part of a UPSR or, in ADM/TM configurations, as either an access tributary or a transport span interface. The faceplate of both cards has three card-level LED indicators.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Optical Cards OC12 IR 1310 card faceplate OC-12/STM-4 IR 1310 Figure 9 Tx Rx FAIL ACT 45897 SF OC12 LR 1550 Card The OC12 LR 1550 card provides one long-reach, Telcordia-compliant, GR-253 SONET OC-12 interface per card. The interface operates at 622.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Figure 11 OC48 IR 1310 card faceplate OC-48/STM-16 IR 1310 Optical Cards Tx Rx FAIL ACT 45898 SF OC48 LR 1550 Card The OC48 LR 1550 card provides one intermediate-reach, Telcordia-compliant, GR-253 SONET OC-48 interface per card. Each interface operates at 2488.320 Mbps over a single-mode fiber span and supports VT payloads and non-concatenated or concatenated payloads for STS-1, STS-3c, STS-6c, STS-12c, or STS-48c.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Card Protection Ethernet card faceplate 1 2 3 4 FAIL ACT SF 45896 E10/100-T Figure 13 Card Protection The ONS 15327 provides 1:1 electrical protection and 1+1 optical protection methods. 1:1 electrical protection is pre-provisioned for DS-1 and DS-3 traffic; therefore, only optical cards can operate unprotected. This section describes the protection options and explains protection switching in the ONS 15327.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller card of the same type (for example, two OC-48 cards) can be paired for protection. If the working card fails, the protect card takes over. 1+1 span protection can be either revertive or non-revertive. Linear Automatic Protection Switching The ONS 15327 supports non-revertive, unidirectional or bidirectional, 1+1 linear automatic protection switching (APS) as the default mode for switching architecture.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller uses the customer-provisioned latitude and longitude of each ONS 15327 to accurately place the nodes on the map (for customizing information, see the “Customized Network Topology Map” section on page 18). The color of the icon represents the node status. • Node View–displayed each time you log into CTC, this view provides information about the node and displays a graphic of the ONS 15327 shelf. You perform node management tasks in this view.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller • Firewall—When this feature is enabled, certain IP communications are restricted between an ONS 15327’s SDCC channels and the XTC card’s Ethernet port. This prevents CTC workstations from using the ONS 15327’s SDCC communication path to access other workstations on the data communications network.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller Figure 14 CTC GUI (window) in network view Circuit Provisioning and Management CTC enables automated circuit provisioning across ONS 15327 subnetworks and between ONS 15327s and ONS 15454s, including STS, VT1.5, multiple drop, monitor, and Ethernet circuits. From the CTC GUI, you select a source ONS 15327 and a destination ONS 15327 to create an end-to-end circuit. Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview, R3.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller Figure 15 Creating circuits with the CTC Circuit Creation dialog box The ONS 15327 automatically calculates the best path and STS/VT to use between these two nodes. It sets up all the cross-connects in each of the ONS 15327 nodes along the circuit path. You can select the circuit type, bidirectional or unidirectional status, circuit size, and whether path-protected traffic is required.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Login Options Login Options The ONS 15454 offers network management flexibility. You can choose to see the login node, nodes with DCC-connectivity to the login node, and nodes that are not DCC-connected to the node. DCC Connectivity The ONS 15454 uses SONET data communication channels (SDCCs) for CTC connectivity, automated circuit provisioning, and alarm reporting from remote nodes. Using a node’s SDCC, CTC automatically finds and recognizes other ONS 15454s.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Login Options Figure 16 Viewing non-DCC nodes using a login node group Laptop PC IP Address 192.168.106.100 LAN/WAN (Ethernet) Node 1 IP Address 192.168.106.143 Node 4 IP Address 192.168.105.119 Node 5 IP Address 192.168.104.109 Two node ring Node 2 Single Node 3 Node 6 IP Address 192.168.103.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Login Options CORBA CTC supports Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) as a management protocol. The ONS 15327 interface definition language (IDL) is available for customers who want to modify their network management systems to communicate directly with the ONS 15327 using CORBA. Provisioning Cards Installed cards in the ONS 15327 are preprovisioned with line and threshold standards that are compliant with Telcordia recommendations.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview In-Service Span Upgrades Figure 17 Customized network topology map In-Service Span Upgrades A span is the optical fiber connection between two ONS 15327 nodes. In a span upgrade, the transmission rate of a span is upgraded from a lower to a higher OC-N signal but all other span configuration attributes remain unchanged.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display The protection configuration of the original lower-rate/intermediate-reach optical card (two-fiber BLSR, UPSR, and 1+1) is retained for the higher-rate/long-reach optical card. Alarm Collection and Display The XTCs have faceplate LEDs that alert you to alarms and provide the critical, major, or minor status of the alarm. CTC displays alarms and events on a card or node level for all ONS 15327s in the network.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display The history feature displays historical alarm data and also shows events (non-reported activities) that have occurred, such as performance monitoring threshold crossings or protection switching events. The CTC History tab uses subtabs to present two alarm history views: • The Session subtab presents alarms and events for the current CTC session. When you log off, the alarms disappear.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display Figure 19 Creating alarm profiles with the Alarming tab Every alarm has a default profile. To create a new profile, clone the default in CTC, rename it, and choose the severity settings for the new profile. Activating and changing profiles are simple procedures in CTC. Alarm Cutoff Visual and audible alarms are typically wired to trigger an alarm light or sound at a central alarm collection point when the corresponding contacts are closed.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display to the alarm collection point. To activate the ACO function, press the ACO button on the XTC card faceplate. The ACO button clears all audible alarm indications. The alarm is still active in CTC and needs to be cleared. With the XTC card-level view in CTC, you can also suppress alarms for a specific DS-1 or DS-3 port. Using CTC you can also suppress alarms for specific Optical and Ethernet ports.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display External alarm input and output External control Bell External alarms Relay Relay Relay Relay Light Smoke detector Heat sensor CTC alarm turns on an external device External device generates CTC alarm = External alarm = External control 38566 Figure 20 Provisioning external alarms and controls provides a "virtual wires" option that you can use to route alarms and controls from different nodes to one or more alarm collection center
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display Figure 21 External alarms and controls using a virtual wire configuration Bell Smoke detector Virtual Wire #1 is external control trigger Virtual Wire #1 Virtual Wire #1 ONS 15327 Node 1 Smoke detector Smoke detector ONS 15327 Node 4 ONS 15327 Node 2 ONS 15327 Node 3 Virtual Wire #1 Smoke detector = External alarm = External control 55002 Virtual Wire #1 Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview, R3.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Timing Timing The XTC card performs all system-timing functions for each ONS 15327. The XTC card selects a recovered clock, a BITS, or an internal Stratum 3 reference as the system-timing reference. You can provision any of the clock inputs as a primary or secondary timing source. If you identify two timing references, the secondary reference provides protection.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Timing Figure 22 ONS 15327 timing example BITS1 BITS2 source source Slot 3 Slot 4 Slot 4 Slot 3 Slot 3 Slot 4 Slot 4 Node 2 Timing Line Ref 1: Slot 3 Ref 2: Slot 4 Ref 3: Internal (ST3) Slot 3 BITS1 BITS2 out out Third party equipment Node 3 Timing Line Ref 1: Slot 3 Ref 2: Slot 4 Ref 3: Internal (ST3) 78234 Node 4 Timing Line Ref 1: Slot 4 Ref 2: Slot 3 Ref 3: Internal (ST3) Node 1 Timing External Ref 1: BITS1 Ref 2: BITS2 Ref 3: Internal (ST3) Synchronizat
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Ethernet quality of timing sources. SSM enables SONET devices such as the ONS 15327 to automatically select the highest quality timing reference and to avoid timing loops (particularly in ring architecture). Synchronization status messages are carried in the S1 byte of the SONET line overhead (Line layer) and as a bit-patterned message in the Extended Super Frame (ESF) datalink of the BITS DS-1. The ONS 15327 supports BITS inputs with or without SSM.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Spanning Tree Protocol Figure 23 Ethernet aggregation and transport Backbone router 10/100 Mbps Connection to routers ONS 15327 Router To subscribers ONS 15327 ONS 15327 Router SONET Ethernet 47090 To subscribers Transparent Local Area Network Service The ONS 15327 supports transparent LAN Service (TLS) that provides private network service across a SONET backbone.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Spanning Tree Protocol path exists between any two network hosts. The single path eliminates possible bridge loops. You can enable spanning tree at the Ethernet-port level with a simple CTC procedure. Single-card and Multicard EtherSwitch The ONS 15327 supports single-card and multicard EtherSwitch. When you provision single-card EtherSwitch, each Ethernet card is a single switching entity within the ONS 15327.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Management Figure 25 Multicard EtherSwitch ONS Node VLAN A Ethernet card 1 Ethernet card 2 Router Router Shared packet ring Ethernet card 3 ONS Node Ethernet card 4 Router 45133 ONS Node Router ONS Node Ethernet Circuits The ONS 15327 has three common methods for configuring Ethernet circuits between ONS nodes: a straight-circuit configuration, a shared packet ring configuration, and a hub and spoke configuration.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Management Simple Network Management Protocol Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an application-layer Internet Protocol (IP) that enables network devices to exchange management information. Network administrators can manage network performance, find and solve network problems, and plan for network growth. The ONS 15327 supports SNMP Version 1 (SNMPv1) and SNMP Version 2c (SNMPv2c); SNMPv2c offers additional protocol operations.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Management Figure 26 Proxy ARP example CTC Workstation IP Address 192.168.1.100 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway = N/A LAN A ONS 15327 #1 IP Address 192.168.1.10 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Router = N/A Static Routes = N/A SONET RING ONS 15327 #3 IP Address 192.168.1.30 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Router = N/A Static Routes = N/A 46577 ONS 15327 #2 IP Address 192.168.1.20 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Management and puts them together to create a topology of the entire network or area. From this database, the router calculates a routing table by constructing a shortest path tree. Routes are continuously recalculated to capture ongoing topology changes. You can enable OSPF on the ONS 15327s so that the ONS 15327 topology is sent to OSPF routers on a LAN.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Configurations Network Configurations The ONS 15327 supports unidirectional path switched rings (UPSRs), bidirectional line switched rings (BLSRs), subtending rings, linear add-drop multiplexer (ADM) supporting 1+1 protection, and mixed configurations. You can also create path-protected mesh networks (PPMNs) Bidirectional Line Switched Ring The ONS 15327 supports two-fiber BLSRs with up to 32 ONS 15327 nodes.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Configurations Figure 27 Two-fiber bidirectional line switched ring STSs 1-24 (working) STSs 25-48 (protect) Node 0 STSs 1-24 (working) STSs 25-48 (protect) OC-48 Ring Node 1 = Fiber 1 Node 2 = Fiber 2 61938 Node 3 Unidirectional Path Switched Ring A UPSR is a closed-loop, two-fiber transport architecture that survives cable cuts and equipment failure because it provides duplicate fiber paths for each service.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Configurations traffic flows in one direction on the ring and the second fiber provides a protection path flowing in the opposite direction. If a problem occurs in the working traffic path, the receiving node switches to the path coming from the opposite direction. Services can originate and terminate on the same UPSR or can be passed to an adjacent access or interoffice ring for transport to the service-terminating location.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Configurations Subtending Rings UPSRs and BLSRs can be subtended from one another using one shared node; the node can terminate and groom any one of the following ring combinations: • 5 UPSRs, or • 4 UPSRs and 1 BLSR, or • 2 BLSRs Subtending rings from an ONS 15327 reduces the number of nodes and cards required, and reduces external shelf-to-shelf cabling. Figure 29 shows an ONS 15327 with multiple subtending rings.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Configurations Figure 30 shows a UPSR subtending from a BLSR. In this example, Node 3 is the only node serving both the BLSR and UPSR. Optical cards in Slots 1and 2 serve the BLSR, and optical cards in Slots 3and 4 serve the UPSR.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Configurations Linear (point-to-point) ADM configuration Slot 3 to Slot 3 Slot 2 to Slot 2 Slot 1 to Slot 1 Slot 4 to Slot 4 Node 1 Node 2 71752 Figure 31 Node 3 Protect line Working Path The ONS 15327 supports a full range of line rates as well as TDM and Ethernet/IP access tributary interfaces at every node in ADM configuration.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Configurations Path-Protected Mesh Network ONS 15327 networks give you the option of setting up PPMN. PPMN extends the protection scheme of UPSR from the basic ring configuration to the meshed architecture of several interconnecting rings. Typical UPSR protection creates two separate routes between source and destination nodes on a single UPSR.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Configurations Figure 33 A path-protected mesh network with ONS 15454s and ONS 15327s Source Node Node 3 Node 5 Node 2 Node 4 Node 1 Node 8 Node 10 Node 6 Node 7 kin Wor Node 9 Destination Node = Primary path = Secondary path 51848 Node 11 ffic g tra Protect traffic Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview, R3.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview Network Configurations Figure 34 ONS 15327 Node 5 PPMN virtual ring ONS 15327 Node 1 OC-12 ONS 15327 Node 4 ONS 15327 Node 8 OC-12 48401 OC-48 Path Protection ONS 15327 Node 6 ONS 15327 Node 2 ONS 15327 Node 3 ONS 15327 Node 7 ONS 15327 and ONS 15454 Mixed Configurations The ONS 15327 can mix BLSR, UPSR, and PPMN configurations in any combination and with ONS 15454s. For example, an BLSR-configured ONS 15327 node can be linked to an ONS 15454 UPSR.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview TL1 Figure 35 ONS 15327s and ONS 15454s in a mixed configuration (subtended ring) ONS 15454 Path Protection or BLSR ONS 15327 OC-12 or OC-48 Path Protection 2 -1 or ONS 15454 ONS 15454 48 C- O C O ONS 15454 50807 ONS 15327 TL1 The ONS 15327 supports the full range of TL1 commands to provision and manage ONS 15327 nodes. You can enable TL1 in three ways; two require an RJ-45 LAN connection and the other requires a nine-pin RS-232 port.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview ONS 15327 Installation and Hardware Use port number 2361 to access the ONS 15327 TL1 commands using a Telnet session over a craft interface or RJ-45 LAN connection. The LAN connection is located on the front panel of the XTC card. RS-232 Serial VT100 Emulation If a browser is not available, you can access the system using a nine-pin RS-232 port to open a VT100 emulation window and enter TL1 commands directly without a browser.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview ONS 15327 Installation and Hardware ONS 15327 fan tray assembly OC12/STM-4 IR 1310 Figure 36 ACT SF 4 XTC-28-3 FAIL LAN CRAFT ACO OC48/STM-16 IR 1310 3 4 Rx 1 MIC B ACT SF DS3 SF DS1 SF PWR A PWR B CRIT MAJ Rx 2 FAN STATUS LAMP TEST CISCO ON OPTICAL Rx 3 FAIL S 15327 NETWORKI NG SYSTE ACT/STBY SYNC ACO M DS3 SF MIN DS1 SF REM PWR A PWR B CRIT MAJ MIN REM 2 2 3 4 BITS FAIL ACT Tx 1 SF 1 Tx 2 -48V RET ALARM DS1 (15-28) Tx 3 PWR B BI
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview ONS 15327 Installation and Hardware ONS 15327 with locking cable guides OC12/STM-4 IR 1310 FAIL SF 4 LAN CRAFT ACO OC48/STM-16 IR 1310 3 ACO 4 Rx 1 MIC B ACT SF 1 DS3 SF DS1 SF PWR A PWR B CRIT MAJ MIN Rx 2 FAIL ACT/STBY SYNC ACO Rx 3 DS3 SF DS1 SF PWR A PWR B 3 BITS FAIL ACT Tx 1 1 OPTICAL S 15327 NETWORKI NG SYSTE M MAJ MIN REM 6 4 SF CISCO ON CRIT 2 2 FAN STATUS REM 5 CRAFT LAMP TEST FAIL SYNC LAN 3 2 MIC A E10/100-T 1 ACT/STBY
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview ONS 15327 Installation and Hardware – Free running accuracy: 4.6 ppm – Holdover Stability: 3.7 x10 -7 /day, including temperature (< 255slips in first 24 hours) – Reference: External BITS, line, internal • TL1 Craft Interface – Speed: 9600 baud – Front panel access: RS-232 DB9 type connector • External LAN Interface: 10 Base-T Ethernet • Alarm Interface – Visual: Critical, Major, Minor, Remote – Audible: Critical, Major, Minor, Remote – Alarm contacts: 0.
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview ONS 15327 Installation and Hardware – OC12 LR 1550 – OC48 IR 1310 – OC48 LR 1550 • Card Slot Assignment – Total card slots: 8 – High-speed slots (Ethernet, OC-12, and OC-48): Slots 1- 4 – XTC (Cross-Connect, Timing, and Control): Slots 5, 6 – MIC (Mechanical Interface Card): Slots 7, 8 • Network Configurations – Terminal mode – Add-drop multiplexer (ADM) mode – Regenerator mode – Two-fiber bidirectional line switched ring (BLSR) – Two-fiber unidirectional path switched r
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Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview ONS 15327 Installation and Hardware Cisco ONS 15327 Product Overview, R3.