Troubleshooting guide

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ATM and Layer 3 Switch Router Troubleshooting Guide
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Chapter 3 Initial Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Hardware and Software Version Problems
IOS Upgrade Procedures
If your IOS image is not the most recent, you can download the IOS image from Cisco.com to the switch
router.
Refer to the Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide for details on the following frequently
performed tasks:
• Formatting Flash memory on a new PCMCIA card or on any Flash memory device that has locked
blocks or failed sectors.
• Managing files on file systems, including setting the default file system, listing files on a file system
and deleting and recovering files.
Modifying, Downloading, and Maintaining System Images
The following tasks are performed frequently to maintain system image files:
• Copy images from Flash memory to a network server. You can store system images for backup, or
other purposes, by copying them from a Flash memory device to a TFTP or rcp server.
• Copy images from a network server to Flash memory. You perform this procedure when upgrading
your system image or functional image.
• Copy images between local Flash memory devices. You perform this procedure when moving a
system image from one switch router to another or to synchronize the functional images on switch
routers with redundant route processors.
Maintaining Functional Images
You can load functional images used by certain hardware controllers in the switch router. The following
sections describe the function and maintenance of functional images:
• Understanding Functional Images, page 3-12
• FPGA Upgrade Procedures, page 3-12
Understanding Functional Images
Functional images provide the low-level operating functionality for various hardware controllers. On
hardware controllers within system programmable devices, such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays
(FPGAs) and Erasable Programmable Logic Devices (EPLDs), the hardware functional images can be
reprogrammed independently of loading the system image, and without removing the devices from the
controller.
All new hardware you purchase is shipped with the functional images loaded. Loading a different functional
image is required only when upgrading or downgrading functional image versions.
FPGA Upgrade Procedures
If the functional image is not the most recent, you can download the functional image to the switch router
from Cisco.com. Use the reprogram command to update the functional image to the processor or
interface module. The following example shows how to reprogram the route processor in slot 4 with the
functional image fi-c8540-rp.A.4-8.bin from the Flash PC card in slot 0:
Switch# reprogram slot0:fi-c8540-rp.A.4-8.bin 4