Specifications

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Cisco IOS Software Configuration Guide for Cisco Aironet Access Points
OL-5260-01
Chapter 10 Configuring Authentication Types
Understanding Authentication Types
Figure 10-1 Sequence for Open Authentication
Shared Key Authentication to the Access Point
Cisco provides shared key authentication to comply with the IEEE 802.11b standard. However, because
of shared key’s security flaws, Cisco recommends that you avoid using it.
During shared key authentication, the access point sends an unencrypted challenge text string to any
device attempting to communicate with the access point. The device requesting authentication encrypts
the challenge text and sends it back to the access point. If the challenge text is encrypted correctly, the
access point allows the requesting device to authenticate. Both the unencrypted challenge and the
encrypted challenge can be monitored, however, which leaves the access point open to attack from an
intruder who calculates the WEP key by comparing the unencrypted and encrypted text strings. Because
of this weakness, shared key authentication can be less secure than open authentication. Like open
authentication, shared key authentication does not rely on a RADIUS server on your network.
Figure 10-2 shows the authentication sequence between a device trying to authenticate and an access
point using shared key authentication. In this example the device’s WEP key matches the access point’s
key, so it can authenticate and communicate.
Figure 10-2 Sequence for Shared Key Authentication
EAP Authentication to the Network
This authentication type provides the highest level of security for your wireless network. By using the
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to interact with an EAP-compatible RADIUS server, the
access point helps a wireless client device and the RADIUS server to perform mutual authentication and
derive a dynamic unicast WEP key. The RADIUS server sends the WEP key to the access point, which
uses it for all unicast data signals that it sends to or receives from the client. The access point also
encrypts its broadcast WEP key (entered in the access point’s WEP key slot 1) with the client’s unicast
key and sends it to the client.
Access point
or bridge
with WEP key = 123
Client device
with WEP key = 321
1. Authentication request
2. Authentication response
54583
Access point
or bridge
with WEP key = 123
Client device
with WEP key = 123
1. Authentication request
2. Unencrypted challenge
3. Encrypted challenge response
4. Authentication response
54584