Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Introduction The Cisco ONS 15454 provides efficient bandwidth delivery and management in fiber-optic transport networks. It is a flexible, SONET add/drop multiplexer that offers service aggregation and high-bandwidth transport of voice and data traffic on a single platform. The ONS 15454 allows users to easily manage services and quickly increase capacity without disrupting service. Figure 1 Cisco ONS 15454 Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview, R3.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types The ONS 15454 is a NEBS-compliant shelf assembly that contains 17 card (module) slots, a backplane interface, a fan tray, a front panel with an LCD, and alarm indicators.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types TCC+ Card The TCC+ houses the central intelligence of the ONS 15454, including the ONS 15454 OAM&P software interface (CTC).
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types • IP address detection and resolution • Timing • SONET data communications channel (DCC) termination • System fault detection The CRIT, MAJ, MIN, and REM alarm LEDs on the TCC+ faceplate indicate whether a Critical, Major, Minor, or Remote alarm is present anywhere on the ONS 15454 or on a remote node in the network.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types Note For protection purposes, Cisco recommends duplex operation. Duplex cross-connect cards must be the same type (e.g. two XCs, two XCVTs, or two XC10Gs). XC Card The XC card establishes connections and performs time division switching (TDS) at the STS-1 level between ONS 15454 traffic cards. The switch matrix on the XC card consists of 144 STS-1 bidirectional ports.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types Figure 3 XC10G faceplate XC10G FAIL 68268 ACT/STBY AIC Card The optional Alarm Interface Controller (AIC) card provides user-provisionable alarm capability and supports local and express orderwire. Nodes without an AIC card can pass the orderwire through to other nodes in the same topology. Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview, R3.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types Figure 4 AIC card faceplate AIC FAIL ACT INPUT 1 INPUT 2 INPUT 3 INPUT 4 OUTPUT 1 OUTPUT 2 OUTPUT 3 OUTPUT 4 CONTACT STATUS RING CALL LOCAL OW RING CALL 32105 EXPRESS OW The AIC card provides input/output alarm contacts for user-defined alarms. You can define up to four external alarms and four external controls using the backplane wire-wrap field to make the physical connections.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types Note Optical cards and Ethernet cards have faceplate rather than backplane connections. E1000-2, E1000-2-G, and G1000-4 (Ethernet) cards require gigabit interface converters (GBICs) that plug into the card faceplate. EC1-12 Card The EC1-12 card provides 12 Telcordia-compliant, GR-253 STS-1 ports per card. Each port operates at 51.840 Mbps over a single 75 ohm 728A or equivalent coaxial span.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types DS3-12E and DS3N-12E Cards The twelve-port DS3-12E and DS3N-12E cards provide enhanced performance monitoring functions. By monitoring additional overhead in the DS-3 frame, subtle network degradations are detected. Figure 5 DS3-12E card faceplate DS3 12E FAIL ACT 55041 SF The DS3N-12E can operate as the protect card in a 1:N protection group. The DS3-12E card can only function as the protect card for one other DS3-12E card. If Software Release 3.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types DS3XM-6 Card The DS3XM-6 card, commonly referred to as a transmux card, provides six Telcordia-compliant, GR-499-CORE M13 multiplexing functions. The DS3XM-6 converts six framed DS-3 network connections to 28x6 or 168 VT1.5s. Optical Cards The optical cards, with the exception of the original OC-48s and the OC-192, reside in Slots 1– 6 and 12 – 17. The OC-48 and OC-192 cards reside in Slots 5, 6, 12, and 13.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types OC12 LR 1310 Card The OC12 LR 1310 card provides one long-range, Telcordia-compliant, GR-253 SONET OC-12 port per card. The port operates at 622.08 Mbps over a single-mode fiber span. The card supports VT and non-concatenated or concatenated payloads at STS-1, STS-3c, STS-6c, or STS-12c signal levels. OC12 LR 1550 Card The OC12 LR 1550 card provides one long-range, Telcordia-compliant, GR-253 SONET OC-12 port per card. The port operates at 622.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types OC48 LR 1550 Card The OC48 LR 1550 card provides one long-range, Telcordia-compliant, GR-253 SONET OC-48 port per card. The port operates at 2.49 Gbps over a single-mode fiber span. The card supports VT and non-concatenated or concatenated payloads at STS-1, STS-3c, STS-6c, STS-12c, or STS-48c signal levels.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types OC192 LR/STM64 LH 1550 Card The OC192 LR/STM64 LH 1550 card provides one long-range, Telcordia-compliant, GR-253 SONET OC-192 port per card. The port operates at 9.95 Gbps over a single-mode fiber span. The card supports VT and non-concatenated or concatenated payloads at STS-1, STS-3c, STS-6c, STS-12c, STS-48c, or STS-192c signal levels.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Slots and Types Ethernet Cards The Ethernet cards eliminate the need for external Ethernet aggregation equipment and provide efficient transport and co-existence of traditional TDM traffic with packet-switched data traffic. Multiple Ethernet cards installed in an ONS 15454 can act as a single switch (EtherSwitch) supporting a variety of SONET port configurations.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Protection Gigabit interface converter 11825 Figure 7 Receiver Transmitter G1000-4 Card Like the E1000-2 and E1000-2-G cards, the G1000-4 card provides IEEE-compliant, 1000 Mbps ports for full-duplex operation and requires a GBIC as its optical interface. However, the G1000-4 has four ports rather than two and requires the XC10G as its cross-connect card. The additional ports give the ONS 15454 a practical limit of 40 Gigabit Ethernet ports per node.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Card Protection Figure 8 1:1 electrical card protection in the ONS 15454 33384 Protect Working Protect Working Working Protect TCC+ XC10G XC10G AIC (Optional) Working TCC+ Protect Working Protect Working Protect 1:1 Protection Electrical Protection 1:N protection allows a single card to protect several working cards. A DS1N-14 card provides protection for up to five DS1-14 cards, and a DS3N-12/DS3N-12E card protects up to five DS3-12/DS3-12E cards.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller Optical Protection The ONS 15454 supports 1+1 protection to create redundancy for optical cards and spans. With 1+1 protection, one optical port can protect another optical port; therefore, in any two high-speed slots a single working card and a single dedicated protect card of the same type (for example, two OC-48 cards) can be paired for protection. If the working port fails, the protect port takes over.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller Graphical User Interface The CTC graphical user interface (GUI), also called the CTC window, provides three primary views, or modes, that include: • Network view—Provides information about the ONS 15454 network and displays a graphic of the United States with ONS 15454 nodes represented by colored icons. The color of the icon represents the node status, and you can perform network management tasks or display any node.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller The CTC GUI displays tabs and subtabs. From the tabs you can perform all the OAM&P tasks, such as provisioning cards, circuits, and rings; creating protection groups; setting timing parameters; viewing and clearing alarms; provisioning DCCs; backing up and restoring the database; and troubleshooting, including creating diagnostic files and performing loopbacks.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller Customized Network View With CTC you can install a custom map for the network view. The map can be any map you choose, such as a regional map (Figure 10) or even a street map. You can drag and drop nodes to move their location on the map. To further customize the CTC network view, you can create domains that manage the display of multiple nodes on the network map. Domains appear as a cloud on the network view.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller Circuit Provisioning and Management CTC enables automated circuit provisioning across ONS 15454 networks and between ONS 15454s and ONS 15327s, including STS and VT1.5 circuits and VT tunnels, as well as multiple drop and monitor circuits. From the CTC GUI, select a source and destination ONS 15454 or ONS 15327 to create an end-to-end circuit. CTC automatically calculates a circuit path between the source and destination.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Cisco Transport Controller Detailed Circuit Map The detailed circuit map provides an end-to-end view of circuits rather than simply nodes and their spans. Specifically the circuit map shows ports, drops, spans, and selectors for UPSR circuits. Figure 12 Detailed circuit map Performance Monitoring CTC displays section, line, and path performance monitoring for optical, electrical, and Ethernet statistics, as defined in GR-253-CORE and GR-820-CORE.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Login Options The Cisco ONS 15454 Reference Guide, Release 3.3, provides detailed performance monitoring information for each card. Login Options The ONS 15454 offers network management flexibility. You can choose to see the login node, nodes with DCC-connectivity to the login node, and nodes that are not DCC-connected to the node.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview In-Service Span Upgrades Figure 13 Viewing non-DCC nodes using a login node group Laptop PC IP Address 192.168.106.100 LAN/WAN (Ethernet) Node 1 IP Address 192.168.106.143 Node 4 IP Address 192.168.105.119 Node 5 IP Address 192.168.104.109 Two node ring Node 2 Single Node 3 Node 6 IP Address 192.168.103.199 55029 Three node ring In-Service Span Upgrades A span is the optical-fiber connection between two ONS 15454 nodes.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview TL1 To perform a span upgrade, the higher-rate optical card must replace the lower-rate card in the same slot. The protection configuration of the original lower-rate optical card (two-fiber BLSR, four-fiber BLSR, UPSR, and 1+1) is retained for the higher-rate optical card. The Span Upgrade Wizard automates all steps in the manual span upgrade procedure for all protection configurations.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display Alarm Collection and Display The ONS 15454 has several methods to alert you to possible problems with the node.The ONS 15454 faceplate has LEDs that alert you to critical, major, minor, or remote alarms on the node. The LCD provides this information but on a port and card level also. CTC displays alarms and events on a card or node level for all nodes in the network.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display CTC Display Alarms are displayed in one of five background colors to quickly communicate the alarm severity. You can control the display of current and cleared alarms generated on the node. The alarm and event screens include date, time, severity, reporting node, reporting object, service-affecting status, and a description.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display Alarm Profiles The ONS 15454 includes an alarm profile feature. This allows you to change the default alarm severities (for example, change an alarm severity from minor to major) and apply the new severities at the card, port, or node level. Figure 16 Creating alarm profiles with the Alarm Profiles tab Every alarm has a default severity.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display Alarm Suppression From the card view you can suppress alarms on specific ports. From the node view, you can suppress alarms on specific cards or the entire node. If alarms are suppressed, they do not appear on the CTC Alarm screen. On the History screen a message states that the alarms are suppressed, and the Conditions tab shows alarm suppression conditions. The node sends out autonomous messages to clear any raised alarms.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Alarm Collection and Display External alarm input and output External control Bell External alarms Relay Relay Relay Relay Light Smoke detector Heat sensor CTC alarm turns on an external device External device generates CTC alarm = External alarm = External control 38566 Figure 17 Provisioning external alarms and controls provides a “virtual wires” option that you can use to route alarms and controls from different nodes to one or more alarm collection center
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Ethernet Figure 18 External alarms and controls using a virtual wire configuration Bell Smoke detector Virtual Wire #1 is external control trigger Virtual Wire #1 Virtual Wire #1 ONS 15454 Node 1 Smoke detector Smoke detector ONS 15454 Node 4 ONS 15454 Node 2 ONS 15454 Node 3 Virtual Wire #1 Smoke detector = External alarm = External control 44743 Virtual Wire #1 Ethernet The ONS 15454 integrates Ethernet access into the same SONET platform that transports voi
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Ethernet 802.1 Q-tag standard. You can switch tagged traffic onto separate SONET STS channels to engineer bandwidth by traffic class. The ONS 15454 can also concentrate Ethernet ports into one or more STS-N circuits to use bandwidth more efficiently. Priority Queuing Networks without priority queuing handle all packets on a first-in-first-out basis.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Ethernet Single-Card and Multicard EtherSwitch The ONS 15454 supports single-card and multicard EtherSwitch. When you provision single-card EtherSwitch, each Ethernet card is a single switching entity within the ONS 15454. This option allows STS-12c of bandwidth between two Ethernet circuit points. Single-card EtherSwitch supports one STS-12c, two STS-6c, four STS-3c, or twelve STS-1 circuits.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Management Figure 20 Multicard EtherSwitch ONS Node VLAN A Ethernet card 1 Ethernet card 2 Router Router Shared packet ring Ethernet card 3 ONS Node Ethernet card 4 Router 45133 ONS Node Router ONS Node Ethernet Circuits The ONS 15454 has three common methods for configuring Ethernet circuits between ONS nodes: a point-to-point circuit configuration, a shared packet ring configuration (Multicard EtherSwitch only), and a hub-and-spoke configuration.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Management Simple Network Management Protocol Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an application-layer Internet Protocol (IP) that enables network devices to exchange management information. Network administrators can manage network performance, find and solve network problems, and plan for network growth. The ONS 15454 supports SNMP Version 1 (SNMPv1) and SNMP Version 2c (SNMPv2c); SNMPv2c offers additional protocol operations.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Management Figure 21 Proxy ARP configuration (all nodes on the same subnet) CTC Workstation IP Address 192.168.1.100 Subnet Mark at CTC Workstation 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway = N/A LAN A ONS 15454 #1 IP Address 192.168.1.10 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Router = N/A Static Routes = N/A ONS 15454 #2 IP Address 192.168.1.20 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 Default Router = N/A Static Routes = N/A ONS 15454 #3 IP Address 192.168.1.30 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Management and puts them together to create a topology of the entire network or area. From this database, the router calculates a routing table by constructing a shortest path tree. Routes are continuously recalculated to capture ongoing topology changes. You can enable OSPF on the ONS 15454s so that the ONS 15454 topology is sent to OSPF routers on a LAN.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Configuration Network Configuration The ONS 15454 supports unidirectional path switched rings (UPSRs), bidirectional line switched rings (BLSRs), subtending rings, linear add-drop multiplexer (ADM) supporting 1+1 protection, and mixed configurations. You can also create path-protected mesh networks (PPMNs). Unidirectional Path Switched Ring The default protection scheme for an ONS 15454 is the UPSR.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Configuration Figure 22 shows a basic UPSR configuration. If Node ID 0 sends a signal to Node ID 2, the working signal travels on the working traffic path through Node ID 1. The same signal is also sent on the protect traffic path through Node ID 3. If a fiber break occurs, Node ID 2 switches its active receiver to the protect signal coming through Node ID 3.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Configuration fiber. Working traffic travels in one direction on STSs 1–24 on one fiber, and on STSs 1–24 in the opposite direction on the second fiber. You can create OC-12, OC-48, and OC-192 two-fiber BLSRs.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Configuration Subtending Rings UPSRs and BLSRs can be subtended from one another using one shared node; the node can terminate and groom any one of the following ring combinations: • 5 UPSRs, or • 4 UPSRs and 1 BLSR, or • 3 UPSRs and 2 BLSRs Subtending rings from an ONS 15454 reduces the number of nodes and cards required, and reduces external shelf-to-shelf cabling. Figure 24 shows an ONS 15454 with multiple subtending rings.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Configuration Figure 25 shows a UPSR subtending from a BLSR. In this example, Node 3 is the only node serving both the BLSR and UPSR. Optical cards in Slots 5 and 12 serve the BLSR, and optical cards in Slots 6 and 13 serve the UPSR.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Configuration Linear ADM configuration Slot 6 to Slot 6 Slot 12 to Slot 12 Slot 5 to Slot 5 Slot 13 to Slot 13 Node 1 61022 Figure 26 Node 2 Node 3 Protect Path Working Path The ONS 15454 supports a full range of line rates as well as TDM and Ethernet/IP access tributary interfaces at every node in ADM configuration.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Configuration Path-Protected Mesh Network ONS 15454 networks give you the option of setting up path-protected mesh networks (PPMNs). PPMN extends the protection scheme of UPSR from the basic ring configuration to the meshed architecture of several interconnecting rings. Typical UPSR protection creates two separate routes between source and destination nodes on a single UPSR.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Configuration Figure 28 Path-protected mesh network Source Node Node 3 Node 5 Node 2 Node 4 Node 1 Node 10 Node 8 Node 6 Node 7 Node 11 Node 9 ffic g tra kin Wor Destination Node = Primary path = Secondary path 32136 Protect traffic If you check the protected circuit box in CTC, PPMN establishes a second unique route between Nodes 3 and 9 and automatically creates cross-connections at nodes 3, 2, 1, 11, and 9, shown by the dashed line.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Network Configuration Figure 29 ONS 15454 Node 5 PPMN virtual ring ONS 15454 Node 1 OC-12 ONS 15454 Node 4 ONS 15454 Node 8 OC-12 61026 OC-48 UPSR ONS 15454 Node 6 ONS 15454 Node 2 ONS 15454 Node 3 ONS 15454 Node 7 ONS 15454 and ONS 15327 Mixed Configurations The ONS 15454 can mix BLSR, UPSR, and PPMN configurations in any combination and with ONS 15327s. For example, an BLSR-configured ONS 15454 node can be linked to an ONS 15327 UPSR.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Timing Figure 30 ONS 15454s and ONS 15327s in a mixed configuration (subtended ring) ONS 15454 Path Protection or BLSR ONS 15327 OC-12 or OC-48 Path Protection 2 -1 ONS 15327 ONS 15454 48 C- O ONS 15454 50807 C O or ONS 15454 Timing The TCC+ card performs all system-timing functions for each ONS 15454. The TCC+ card selects a recovered clock, a BITS, or an internal Stratum 3 reference as the system-timing reference.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Timing Timing Parameters You must set the SONET timing parameters for each ONS 15454. ONS 15454 timing is set to one of three modes: external, line, or mixed. An externally-timed node derives its timing from a BITS source wired to the BITS inputs on the backplane. The BITS source, in turn, derives its timing from a Primary Reference Source (PRS) such as a Stratum 1 clock or GPS signal.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Timing Figure 31 ONS 15454 timing example BITS1 source BITS2 source Node 1 Timing External Ref 1: BITS1 Ref 2: BITS2 Ref 3: Internal (ST3) Slot 5 Slot 6 Slot 5 Slot 5 Slot 6 Slot 6 Node 2 Timing Line Ref 1: Slot 5 Ref 2: Slot 6 Ref 3: Internal (ST3) Slot 5 BITS1 BITS2 out out Third party equipment Node 3 Timing Line Ref 1: Slot 5 Ref 2: Slot 6 Ref 3: Internal (ST3) 34726 Node 4 Timing Line Ref 1: Slot 6 Ref 2: Slot 5 Ref 3: Internal (ST3) Slot 6 Cisco ONS 154
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Hardware Hardware You can mount the ONS 15454 in a 19- or 23-inch rack. The shelf assembly weighs approximately 55 pounds with no cards installed and features a front door for added security, a fan tray module for cooling, and extensive fiber-management space. Cisco offers an ONS 15454 Bay Assembly (OPT-BIC) that provides pre-installed ONS 15454 shelf assemblies in a seven-foot rack. The Bay Assembly is available in a three- or four-shelf configuration.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Hardware Electrical Interface Assemblies EIAs provide electrical cable connection points on the ONS 15454 backplane. EIAs are available with SMB and BNC connectors for DS-3 or EC-1 cards. DS-1 cards use AMP Champ connectors or SMB connectors with wire-wrap baluns. You can install EIAs on one or both sides of the ONS 15454 backplane in any combination. Alarm Interface Panel The alarm interface panel (AIP) is located on the lower section of the backplane.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Hardware ONS 15454 fan-fray assembly 38532 Figure 33 FAN FAIL CR IT MA J MIN LCD Fan tray assembly Shelf Assembly Specifications This section provides detailed shelf assembly specifications for the ONS 15454. Bandwidth • Total bandwidth: 240 Gbps • Data plane bandwidth: 160 Gbps • SONET plane bandwidth: 80 Gbps Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview, R3.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Hardware Slot Assignments • Total card slots: 17 • OC-48 AS cards: any slot • All traffic cards, excluding OC-48 and OC-192: Slots 1 – 4, 14 – 17 • Any traffic card: Slots 5, 6, 12, 13 • TCC+ (Timing Communication and Control): Slots 7, 11 • XC/XCVT/XC10-G (Cross-Connect): Slots 8, 10 • AIC (Alarm Interface Card): Slot 9 • TCC+ • XC • XCVT • XC10G • AIC • EC1-12 • DS1-14 • DS1N-14 • DS3-12 • DS3N-12 • DS3-12E • DS3N-12E • DS3XM-6 • O
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Hardware • OC48 IR/STM16 SH AS 1310 • OC48 LR 1550 • OC48 LR/SM16 LH AS 1550 • OC48 ELR 200 GHz DWDM Cards • OC48 ELR/STM16 EH 100 GHz DWDM Cards • OC192 LR/ STM64 LH 1550 • E100T-12/E100-12-G • E1000-2/E1000-2-G • G1000-4 • Terminal mode • Add-drop multiplexer • Two-fiber BLSR • Four-fiber BLSR • Two-fiber UPSR • PPMN Configurations Cisco Transport Controller • 10 Base-T • TCC+ access: RJ-45 connector • Backplane access: LAN pin field E
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Hardware TL1 Craft Interface • Speed: 9600 bps • TCC+ access: RS-232 DB-9 type connector • Backplane access: CRAFT pin field • Visual: Critical, Major, Minor, Remote • Audible: Critical, Major, Minor, Remote • Alarm contacts: 0.
Cisco ONS 15454 Product Overview Hardware • Holdover Stability: 3.
