Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide Software Version 8.20 November 2006 Corporate Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.
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CONTENTS Preface xv Audience xvi How to Use This Guide xvi Related Documentation xvii Symbols and Conventions xx Obtaining Documentation xxi Cisco.
Contents Configuring Interfaces 1-6 Configuring an Interface 1-7 Entering a Description for the Interface 1-7 Configuring Interface Duplex and Speed 1-8 Setting Interface Maximum Idle Time 1-10 Bridging an Interface to a VLAN 1-11 Specifying VLAN Trunking for an Interface 1-12 Selecting a Default VLAN in a Trunk 1-13 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for a VLAN or a Trunked Interface 1-14 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Pathcost 1-15 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Port Priority 1-15 Configuring Spannin
Contents Configuring a Circuit IP Address 1-32 Configuring a Circuit-IP Broadcast Address 1-32 Configuring Circuit-IP Redirects 1-33 Configuring Circuit-IP Unreachables 1-33 Configuring Router-Discovery Preference for a Circuit IP Interface 1-33 Enabling and Disabling a Circuit IP 1-34 Configuring Router-Discovery Protocol Settings for a Circuit 1-34 Configuring the Router-Discovery Lifetime 1-35 Configuring Router-Discovery Limited-Broadcast 1-35 Configuring the Router-Discovery Max-Advertisement-Interval
Contents Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Max-Age 2-4 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Priority 2-5 Disabling Bridge Spanning-Tree 2-5 Showing Bridge Configurations 2-6 CHAPTER 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First 3-1 OSPF Overview 3-2 OSPF Routing Hierarchy 3-3 Autonomous System 3-4 Areas 3-4 Backbone Area 3-4 Area Border Routers 3-5 Stub Area 3-5 Autonomous System Boundary Routers 3-5 Link-State Databases 3-6 CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start 3-7 Global OSPF Configuration Quick Start 3-7 OSPF IP In
Contents Configuring the CSS as an Autonomous System Boundary Router 3-15 Advertising a Route as an OSPF ASE Route 3-16 Advertising a Default ASE Route 3-20 Advertising Other Routes Through OSPF 3-21 Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface 3-22 Configuring the CSS IP Interface as an OSPF Interface 3-23 Assigning an OSPF Area to the Interface 3-24 Enabling OSPF on the Interface 3-24 Configuring the Interface Attributes 3-24 Setting the Cost 3-25 Setting the Dead Router Interval 3-25 Setting the Hello Packet
Contents CHAPTER 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol 4-1 ARP Configuration Quick Start 4-2 Configuring ARP 4-3 Immediately Refreshing the Bridge Forwarding Table for a MAC Down Event 4-4 Configuring ARP Timeout 4-4 Configuring ARP Wait 4-5 Updating ARP Parameters 4-5 Clearing ARP Parameters 4-5 Showing ARP Information 4-6 CHAPTER 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol 5-1 RIP Configuration Quick Start 5-2 Configuring RIP Advertise 5-3 Configuring RIP Redistribute 5-3 Configuring Equal-Co
Contents Configuring IP Opportunistic Layer 3 Forwarding 6-11 Configuring Advanced Route Remapping 6-13 Showing IP Configuration Information 6-13 Showing IP Global Configuration Parameters 6-14 Showing IP Interface Information 6-15 Showing IP Routing Information 6-16 Showing IP Statistics 6-17 Resetting IP Statistics 6-21 Showing a Summary of IP Global Statistics 6-21 CHAPTER 7 Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol 7-1 CDP Configuration Quick Start 7-2 Enabling CDP 7-3 Setting the CDP Hold Time 7-3 S
Contents Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide x OL-8241-02
F I G U R E S Figure 1-1 CSS Interfaces and Circuits Figure 1-2 Interface Trunking Between VLANs Figure 1-3 Example of SPAN Connectivity 1-45 Figure 3-1 Basic OSPF Network Topology 3-3 Figure 6-1 Example of Opportunistic Layer 3 Forwarding 1-3 1-3 6-11 Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide OL-8241-02 xi
Figures Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide xii OL-8241-02
T A B L E S Table 1-1 Interface and Circuit Configuration Quick Start Table 1-2 Field Description for the show bridge port-fast Command Table 1-3 Field Descriptions for the show bridge forwarding Command Table 1-4 Field Descriptions for the show bridge status Command 1-20 Table 1-5 Field Descriptions for the show trunk Command Table 1-6 Field Descriptions for the show interface Command Table 1-7 Field Descriptions for the show phy Command Table 1-8 Field Descriptions for the show mibii Comma
Tables Table 3-5 Field Descriptions for show ospf interfaces Command Table 3-6 Field Descriptions for the show ospf lsdb Command 3-35 Table 3-7 Field Descriptions for the show ospf ase Command 3-37 Table 3-8 Field Descriptions for the show ospf advertise Command Table 3-9 Field Descriptions for the show ospf redistribute Command 3-39 Table 3-10 Field Descriptions for the show ospf range Command 3-40 Table 3-11 Field Descriptions for show ospf neighbors Command 3-40 Table 4-1 ARP Configur
Preface This guide provides instructions to configure interfaces and circuits, spanning-tree bridging, Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Internet Protocol (IP) routing, and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). Information in this chapter applies to all 11500 Series Content Services Switch (CSS) models, except where noted.
Preface Audience Audience This guide is intended for the following trained and qualified service personnel who are responsible for configuring the CSS: • Web master • System administrator • System operator How to Use This Guide This guide is organized as follows: Chapter Description Chapter 1, Configuring Configure the CSS interface ports and circuits for Interfaces and Circuits operation. Chapter 2, Configuring Configure spanning-tree bridging.
Preface Related Documentation Chapter Description Chapter 7, Configuring Configure Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP). the Cisco Discovery Protocol Chapter 8, Configuring Configure Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol the DHCP Relay Agent (DHCP).
Preface Related Documentation Document Title Description Cisco Content Services Switch Getting Started Guide This guide describes how to perform initial administration and configuration tasks on the CSS, including: Cisco Content Services Switch Administration Guide • Booting the CSS for the first time and on a routine basis, and logging in to the CSS • Configuring the username and password, Ethernet management port, static IP routes, and the date and time • Configuring DNS server for hostname res
Preface Related Documentation Document Title Description Cisco Content Services Switch Content Load-Balancing Configuration Guide This guide describes how to perform CSS content load-balancing configuration tasks, including: Cisco Content Services Switch Global Server Load-Balancing Configuration Guide Cisco Content Services Switch Redundancy Configuration Guide • Flow and port mapping • Services • Service, global, and script keepalives • Source groups • Loads for services • Server/Applica
Preface Symbols and Conventions Document Title Description Cisco Content Services Switch Security Configuration Guide This guide describes how to perform CSS security configuration tasks, including: Cisco Content Services Switch SSL Configuration Guide Cisco Content Services Switch Command Reference • Controlling access to the CSS • Secure Shell Daemon protocol • Radius • TACACS+ • Firewall load balancing This guide describes how to perform CSS SSL configuration tasks, including: • SSL cer
Preface Obtaining Documentation Note A note provides important related information, reminders, and recommendations. Bold text indicates a command in a paragraph. Courier text indicates text that appears on a command line, including the CLI prompt. Courier bold text indicates commands and text you enter in a command line. Italic text indicates the first occurrence of a new term, book title, emphasized text, and variables for which you supply values. 1.
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C H A P T E R 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits This chapter describes how to configure the CSS interfaces and circuits and how to bridge interfaces to Virtual LANs (VLANs). Information in this chapter applies to all CSS models, except where noted.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Interface and Circuit Overview Using the trunk command, you can assign multiple VLANs to a CSS Ethernet interface port (Fast Ethernet port or Gigabit Ethernet port). A trunk is a point-to-point link carrying the traffic of several VLANs. The advantage of a trunk is to save ports by creating a link between two CSSs implementing VLANs. A trunk bundles virtual links over one physical link.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Interface and Circuit Overview Figure 1-1 illustrates the interfaces, circuits, and VLANs in a CSS, and Figure 1-2 illustrates trunking between VLANs. Figure 1-1 CSS Interfaces and Circuits VLAN1 Circuit IP Interface for VLAN 1 Bridging Domain vlan 1 Interface Port e1 Interface Port e2 Interface Port e3 Interface Port e4 10.3.6.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Interface and Circuit Overview Interface and Circuit Configuration Quick Start Table 1-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to configure interfaces and circuits. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task. For a complete description of each feature and all the options associated with the CLI command, see the sections following Table 1-1. Table 1-1 Interface and Circuit Configuration Quick Start Task and Command Example 1.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Interface and Circuit Overview Table 1-1 Interface and Circuit Configuration Quick Start (continued) Task and Command Example 7. (Optional) Display all circuit information for circuits that are currently active. (config-if[2/1])# show circuit all 8. (Optional) Display the interface configuration. (config-if[2/1])# show interface (config-if[2/1])# exit 9. Configure circuits as required. Assign an IP address and subnet mask to each circuit.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Configuring Interfaces Interfaces are ports that enable you to connect devices to the CSS and connect the CSS to the Internet. The commands to configure interfaces on the CSS 11501 differ slightly from the commands to configure interfaces on the CSS 11503 or CSS 11506 because they require a slot/port designation. The CSS 11501 does not use the slot/port designation.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Configuring an Interface To configure an Ethernet interface, use the interface command. Enter the interface name as follows: • CSS 11501 - Enter the interface name in interface port format (for example, e1 for Ethernet interface port 1). • CSS 11503 or CSS 11506 - Enter the interface format in slot/port format (for example, 3/1 for Ethernet port 1 on the I/O module in slot 3).
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces To remove an interface description, enter: (config-if[2/1])# no description Configuring Interface Duplex and Speed By default, the CSS Fast Ethernet interface and Gigabit Ethernet interface are configured to auto-negotiate. The CSS automatically detects the network line speed (Fast Ethernet only) and duplex of incoming signals, and synchronizes those parameters during data transfer.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Note If you configure the redundancy-phy command on an interface of the master CSS in a box-to-box redundancy configuration and then make a change to the port settings of that interface using the phy command (for example, changing auto-negotiate to 100Mbits-FD), the master CSS fails over to the backup CSS.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces • phy 100Mbits-HD - Sets the Fast Ethernet port to 100 Mbps and half-duplex mode. • phy 1Gbits-FD-asym - Sets the Gigabit Ethernet port to full-duplex mode with asymmetric pause frames transmitted toward the link partner. Asymmetric pause is useful when you need the CSS to pause its link partner but not to respond to pause frames transmitted from the link partner.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces For example, to set the maximum idle time to 180 seconds for interface port 1 on a CSS 11503, the I/O module in slot 2, enter: (config-if[2/1])# max-idle 180 To reset the idle time for an interface to its default value of 0, enter: (config-if[2/1])# no max-idle Bridging an Interface to a VLAN To specify a VLAN and associate it with the specified Ethernet interface, use the bridge vlan command.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Specifying VLAN Trunking for an Interface To activate VLAN trunking for a CSS interface, use the trunk command. You specify all VLANs that include the specified port as part of the VLAN. The trunk command also converts the link in to a trunk link. Use the vlan command to specify the number of each VLAN to be associated with the Gigabit Ethernet or Fast Ethernet port. Enter an integer from 1 to 4094 as the VLAN identifier.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces To disable trunking on the specified interface and associated VLANs, enter: (config-trunkif[2/3])# no trunk To display all interfaces and the VLANs to which they are configured, use the show circuit command. In the show circuit output, VLANs appear as VLAN (uppercase, with no space before the VLAN number). For an interface that has trunking enabled, an “-n” (where n is the associated VLAN number) is appended to the prefix.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for a VLAN or a Trunked Interface The CSS supports configuration of Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) bridging for an Ethernet interface in a VLAN or for a trunked Ethernet interface. Spanning-tree bridging is used to detect, and then prevent, loops in the network. You can define the bridge spanning-tree path cost, priority, and state for an Ethernet interface or for a trunked Ethernet interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Pathcost The path cost is the contribution of the interface to the vast path cost towards the spanning-tree root. Use the bridge pathcost command to set the spanning-tree path cost for an Ethernet interface or for a trunked Ethernet interface. Enter an integer from 1 to 65535. The default is dynamically configured based on the interface speed.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge State By default, an Ethernet interface is set to the enabled bridge state. Use the bridge state command to set the spanning-tree bridge state for an Ethernet interface or for a trunked Ethernet interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Enabling Port Fast A port with the Port Fast feature enabled is moved directly to the spanning-tree forwarding state without waiting for the standard forward-time delay. Caution Use Port Fast only when connecting a single end station to a CSS interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces To disable BPDU guard, use the global configuration bridge bpdu-guard disabled command: (config)# bridge bpdu-guard disabled Showing Port Fast Information To display whether Port Fast is enabled or disabled on all interfaces, use the show bridge port-fast command. This command is available in all modes. This command also displays whether the BPDU guard feature is enabled or disabled on the CSS, and the state of the interfaces.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Showing Interface Configurations This CSS includes a series of show interface mode commands that enable you to view interface configuration information about the CSS. This information includes VLAN bridging, VLAN trunk status, list of valid Ethernet interfaces, interface duplex and speed values, interface statistics, and errors on an Ethernet interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces To display bridge forwarding or bridge status for a specific VLAN in the CSS, enter the show bridge forwarding or the show bridge status command with the VLAN number. Entering the show bridge command with a VLAN number returns a list of available VLANs. Table 1-3 describes the fields in the show bridge forwarding command output.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-4 Field Descriptions for the show bridge status Command (continued) Field Description State The state of the port. The possible states are as follows: • Block - The blocking state. A port enters the blocking state after CSS initialization. The port does not participate in frame forwarding. • Listen - The listening state. This state is the first transitional state a port enters after the blocking state.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Showing Trunking Configurations The CSS enables you to show VLAN trunk status information for Gigabit Ethernet and Fast Ethernet ports. To display this information, use the show trunk command. Table 1-5 describes the fields in the show trunk command output.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-6 describes the fields in the show interface command output. Table 1-6 Field Descriptions for the show interface Command Field Description Name The name of the interface. ifIndex The Index for the interface. Type The type of interface. The possible types include: • fe - Fast Ethernet interface • ge - Gigabit Ethernet interface • console - Console interface Oper Operational state: Up or Down.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-7 describes the fields in the show phy command output. Table 1-7 Field Descriptions for the show phy Command Field Description Name The name of the physical interface. Configured Speed The configured speed for the Ethernet interface (port) in the CSS. Auto indicates the speed is automatically negotiated. Configured Duplex The configured duplex for the Ethernet interface (port) in the CSS.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-8 describes the fields in the show mibii command output. Table 1-8 Field Descriptions for the show mibii Command Field Description MAC The interface address at the protocol layer immediately below the network layer in the protocol stack. For interfaces that do not have such an address (for example, a serial line), this object contains an octet string of zero length.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-8 Field Descriptions for the show mibii Command (continued) Field Description Last Change The value of sysUpTime at the time the interface entered its current operational state. If the state has not changed since the time the CSS came up, the sysUptime is when the port was initialized. Operational The current operational state of the interface (Up, Down, or Testing).
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Showing Ethernet Interface Errors To list the errors on an Ethernet interface, use the show ether-errors command and options. When required, enter the interface name as a case-sensitive unquoted text string. To see a list of interfaces, enter show ether-errors ?. The command provides the following options: • show ether-errors - Displays the extended 64-bit statistics for errors on all Ethernet interfaces in the CSS.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-9 Field Descriptions for the show ether-errors Command (continued) Field Description Single Collision The number of successfully transmitted frames on the interface for transmissions that were inhibited by exactly one collision. Multiple Collisions The number of successfully transmitted frames on the interface for transmissions that were inhibited by more than one collision.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Shutting Down an Interface To shut down an interface, use the admin-shutdown or shut command. Caution Shutting down an interface terminates all connections to the interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces To shut down all interfaces, enter: # admin-shutdown Restarting an Interface To restart an interface, use the no admin-shutdown or no shut command.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Configuring Circuits A circuit on the CSS is a logical entity that maps IP interfaces to a logical port or group of logical ports, for example, a VLAN. Each VLAN circuit requires an IP address. Assigning an IP address to each VLAN circuit allows the CSS to route Ethernet interfaces from VLAN to VLAN. Router Discovery Protocol (RDP) settings can also be configured for each circuit VLAN to advertise the CSS to hosts.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Configuring a Circuit IP Address To assign an IP address to a circuit, use the ip address command. Enter the IP address and a subnet mask in CIDR bit-count notation or a mask in dotted-decimal notation. The subnet mask range is 8 to 31. For example, to configure an IP address and subnet mask for VLAN7, enter: (config-circuit[VLAN7])# ip address 172.16.6.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Configuring Circuit-IP Redirects By default, the transmission of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) redirect messages is enabled. To disable the transmission of ICMP redirect messages, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN7-172.16.6.58])# no redirects To reenable the transmission of ICMP redirect messages, use the redirects command. For example: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN7-172.16.6.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Use the router-discovery preference command to specify the preference level for the advertised CSS circuit IP address, relative to other devices on the same network. The value is an integer from 0 (default) to 65535. If you use the default value, you do not need to use this command. For example, to specify a router discovery preference value of 100, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN7-192.168.1.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits This section includes the following topics: • Configuring the Router-Discovery Lifetime • Configuring Router-Discovery Limited-Broadcast • Configuring the Router-Discovery Max-Advertisement-Interval • Configuring the Router-Discovery Min-Advertisement-Interval Configuring the Router-Discovery Lifetime By default, the maximum age that hosts remember router advertisements is three times the max-advertisement-interval.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Configuring the Router-Discovery Max-Advertisement-Interval By default, the maximum interval timer used for router discovery advertisement from the circuit VLAN is 600 (10 minutes). Use the router-discovery max-advertisement-interval command to configure the maximum interval timer used for router discovery advertisement from the circuit VLAN. This command defines the maximum interval, in seconds, between sending advertisements.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Showing Circuits Use the show circuits command to show circuit information.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Showing IP Interfaces Use the show ip interfaces command to display configured IP interfaces on the CSS. The display includes the circuit state, IP address, broadcast address, Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) settings, and Router Discovery Program (RDP) settings. For example: # show ip interfaces Table 1-11 describes the fields in the show ip interfaces command output.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring RIP for an IP Interface Configuring RIP for an IP Interface You can configure Routing Information Protocol (RIP) attributes on each IP interface. To configure RIP parameters and run RIP on an IP interface, use the following routing commands within the specific circuit IP mode. The default mode is to send RIP version 2 (v2) and receive either RIP or RIP2. The timers used by RIP in the CSS include the following default values.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring RIP for an IP Interface Configuring a RIP Default Route By default, the CSS advertises a default route on an IP interface with a metric of 1. To advertise a default route on an IP interface with a specific metric, use the rip default-route command. You can also specify an optional metric in the command line. The CSS uses this metric when advertising a route. Enter a number from 1 to 15. For example: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN7-192.168.1.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring RIP for an IP Interface Configuring RIP Packet Logging By default, CSS of logging received or transmitted RIP packets on the interface is disabled. Use the rip log command to enable the CSS to log received or transmitted RIP packets on the interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring RIP for an IP Interface Table 1-12 describes the fields in the show rip command output. Table 1-12 Field Descriptions for the show rip Command Field Description IP Address The advertised RIP interface address. State The operational state of the RIP interface. RIP Send The RIP version that the interface sends.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring RIP for an IP Interface Table 1-13 describes the fields in the show rip globals command output.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature Configure the switched port analyzer (SPAN) feature on your CSS to mirror (copy) traffic passing through one CSS port (Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet) to another designated port of the same type and on the same CSS module for analysis. You can use SPAN for network troubleshooting or tuning using a network analyzer.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature Figure 1-3 shows an example of SPAN connectivity with a protocol analyzer connected to port 2/13 on a CSS. In this example, the CSS copies all packets received or transmitted on Fast Ethernet (FE) port 2/4 (SSPAN port) to FE port 2/13 (DSPAN port). The analyzer connected to DSPAN port 2/13 receives all network traffic that the SSPAN port receives or transmits.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature This section describes how to configure SPAN on a CSS. It includes the following topics: • Configuring SPAN on a CSS • Verifying the SPAN Configuration on a CSS Configuring SPAN on a CSS To configure SPAN on a CSS, use the setspan command.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature If the combined traffic bandwidth of the ingress and egress traffic of the SSPAN port exceeds the bandwidth of the DSPAN port, the DSPAN port may become oversubscribed. Note • copyTxOnly - CSS copies to the DSPAN port only those packets that the SSPAN port transmits to the network (egress traffic).
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature Table 1-15 Field Descriptions for the show setspan Command (continued) Field Description Direction Direction of the traffic that you want to monitor at the source port. The direction can be one of the following: • copyBoth - The CSS copies packets that are transmitted and received by the SSPAN port to the DSPAN port.
C H A P T E R 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS The CSS supports configuration of Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) bridging. Spanning-tree bridging detects, and then prevents, loops in the network. Use the bridge command to configure global spanning-tree bridging options for the CSS, such as bridge aging time, forward delay time, hello time interval, and maximum age. Make sure you configure the spanning-tree bridging parameters the same on all switches running STP in the network.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS CSS Spanning-Tree Bridging Quick Start This chapter contains the following major sections: • CSS Spanning-Tree Bridging Quick Start • Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Aging-Time • Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Forward-Time • Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Hello-Time • Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Max-Age • Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Priority • Disabling Bridge Spanning-Tree • Showing Bridge Configurations For details
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Aging-Time Table 2-1 Spanning-Tree Bridging Configuration Quick Start (continued) Task and Command Example 4. Set the bridge spanning-tree maximum age, in seconds. (config)# bridge max-age 21 5. Set the priority that the bridge spanning tree uses to choose the root bridge in the network. (config)# bridge priority 1700 6. (Recommended) Display bridge forwarding information.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Forward-Time Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Forward-Time The forward time is the delay time, in seconds, that all bridges use for forward delay when this bridge is acting as the root. By default, the bridge forward delay time is 4 seconds. Use the bridge forward-time command to set the bridge forward delay time. Enter an integer from 4 to 30.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Priority To set the bridge maximum age to 21, enter: (config)# bridge max-age 21 To restore the default maximum age of 6, enter: (config)# no bridge max-age Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Priority In spanning tree, the 2-octet field is prepended to the 6-octet MAC address to form an 8-octet bridge identifier.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Showing Bridge Configurations To disable spanning-tree bridging, enter: (config)# bridge spanning-tree disable To reenable spanning-tree bridging, enter: (config)# bridge spanning-tree enable Showing Bridge Configurations Use the show bridge forwarding command to display bridge forwarding information. Table 2-2 describes the fields in the show bridge forwarding command output.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Showing Bridge Configurations Table 2-3 Field Descriptions for the show bridge status Command (continued) Field Description Bridge ID The bridge ID of the bridge. Port The port ID. State The state of the port. The possible states are as follows: • Block - The blocking state. A port enters the blocking state after CSS initialization. The port does not participate in frame forwarding. • Listen - The listening state.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Showing Bridge Configurations Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide 2-8 OL-8241-02
C H A P T E R 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First This chapter provides configuration and viewing information for the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol. Information in this chapter applies to all CSS models, except where noted. Note The CSS supports OSPF Version 2, as defined in RFC 2178. For detailed information about OSPF MIB objects, refer to RFC 1850.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First OSPF Overview OSPF Overview OSPF is a link-state routing protocol that: • Provides network topology discovery within a group of routers and networks called an autonomous system (AS) • Calculates the shortest path to destinations within the AS As a link-state protocol, OSPF routers flood any change in routing information throughout the network.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First OSPF Overview OSPF Routing Hierarchy The OSPF routing hierarchy includes the following functions: • Autonomous systems • Areas, including the backbone and stub areas • Area Border Routers (ABRs) • Autonomous System Boundary Routers (ASBRs) Figure 3-1 illustrates an OSPF network topology.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First OSPF Overview Autonomous System The autonomous system (AS) is a collection of networks, under the same administrative control, that share the same routing information with each other. An AS is also referred to as a routing domain. Figure 3-1 shows two ASs: AS A and AS B. An AS can consist of one or more OSPF areas. Areas Areas allow the subdivision of an AS into smaller, more manageable networks or sets of adjacent networks.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First OSPF Overview Area Border Routers ABRs have multiple interfaces that connect directly to networks in two or more areas. An ABR runs a separate copy of the OSPF algorithm and maintains separate routing data for each area that is connected to it, including the backbone area. ABRs also send configuration summaries for their attached areas to the backbone area, which distributes this information to other OSPF areas in the autonomous system.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First OSPF Overview ASBR routes can be advertised as type1 or type2 ASE. The difference between type1 and type2 is how the cost is calculated. For a type2 ASE, only the external cost (metric) is used when comparing multiple paths to the same destination. For type1 ASE, the combination of the external cost and the cost to reach the ASBR is used. Link-State Databases OSPF routers advertise routes using LSAs.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start This section includes the following topics: • Global OSPF Configuration Quick Start • OSPF IP Interface Configuration Quick Start • Verifying Your Configuration Global OSPF Configuration Quick Start To perform the global OSPF configuration for the CSS, see the steps in Table 3-1.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start Table 3-1 Global OSPF Configuration Quick Start Task and Command Example 1. Configure the area router ID for the CSS in global configuration mode. In this example, the CSS router ID is 121.23.21.1. (config) ospf router-id 121.23.21.1 2. (Optional) If the CSS area is other than the backbone area, enter the area ID for the CSS. In this example, the area ID is 1.1.1.1. (config) ospf area 1.1.1.1 The default ID is 0.0.0.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start OSPF IP Interface Configuration Quick Start To configure OSPF on a CSS IP interface, see the steps in Table 3-2. In the most basic IP interface configuration, you need to perform only steps 1 through 4, and step 7 to: • Assign OSPF to the IP interface • Associate OSPF with the globally defined area, if this is an area other than the backbone area (0.0.0.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start Table 3-2 Configuration Quick Start for OSPF on a CSS Interface (continued) Task and Command Example 3. Create the IP interface to the circuit. To create an IP address of 3.1.2.2 with a subnet mask of /24, enter: (config-circuit[VLAN6])# ip address 3.1.2.2/24 Create ip interface <3.1.2.2>, [y/n]: y 4. Configure the IP interface as an OSPF interface. Enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN6-3.1.2.2])# ospf 5.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start Verifying Your Configuration To verify the OSPF global and interface configurations, use the show ospf command and its options. For example: • To show the OSPF global configuration, use the show ospf global command. For example: # show ospf global If the Admin Status field is disabled, use the ospf enable command to enable OSPF. • To show the route redistribution policy into OSPF, use the show ospf redistribute command.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on the CSS Configuring OSPF on the CSS This section includes the following topics: • Configuring the OSPF Router ID • Enabling OSPF • Configuring an Area • Configuring Equal-Cost Routes • Configuring Summarized Routes at an ABR • Configuring the CSS as an Autonomous System Boundary Router Configuring the OSPF Router ID Before you enable OSPF on the CSS, configure the router ID.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on the CSS Enabling OSPF After you assign the router ID to the CSS, globally enable OSPF on the CSS. Use the ospf enable command to enable OSPF. For example: (config)# ospf enable To disable OSPF, enter: (config)# no ospf enable Configuring an Area By default, the CSS is configured to the backbone area automatically. The backbone area has a reserved ID of 0.0.0.0.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on the CSS To propagate summary LSAs in the stub area, include the send-summaries option. For example: (config)# ospf area 0.0.0.1 stub send-summaries Removing an Area To remove an OSPF area, disable OSPF, then use the no form of the ospf area command. For example: (config)# no ospf enable (config)# no ospf area 0.0.0.1 Configuring Equal-Cost Routes By default, the OSPF CSS is configured to use 15 equal-cost routes.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on the CSS Define an address range by specifying an IP address and subnet mask that represents networks in the area being summarized. Enter the IP address and subnet mask in dotted-decimal notation (for example, 192.168.128.0 255.255.224.0). You can also enter the mask in CIDR bit-count notation format (for example, /24). To configure the CSS as an ABR with an area ID of 0.1.0.1 with a collection of destinations between 192.168.0.0 and 192.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on the CSS To advertise a route as OSPF ASE through all OSPF interfaces or generate a default route, see the following sections.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on the CSS Start Is OSPF Enabled? Yes Are OSPF advertisements configured? No No Address IS NOT advertised No Address is advertised unconditionally Yes Address IS NOT advertised Is the advertised VIP defined in a rule or source group? Yes No VIP IS NOT advertised Is the corresponding virtual Router master? Is the VIP a redundant VIP? Yes No Yes Yes Is the VIP defined on a rule (or set of rules)? No No Is there a source g
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on the CSS The ASBR can perform external route summarization to consolidate multiple routes into a single advertisement. For a CSS, this consolidation is useful when you want to advertise VIP addresses for content as OSPF AS external (ASE) through all OSPF interfaces. Use the ospf advertise command to advertise a route as OSPF ASE through all OSPF interfaces.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on the CSS Optionally, you can define any of the following: • The network cost for the route by including the metric option. Enter a number from 1 to 16777215. The default is 1. • A 32-bit tag value to advertise each external route by including the tag option. The 32-bit tag value is not used by the OSPF protocol itself. You can use the tag value to communicate information between ASBRs.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on the CSS !************************** SERVICE ************************** service c100 ip address 1.1.1.100 !IP address for critical service active service s1 ip address 2.1.1.1 !IP address for service s1 keepalive method get keepalive type http active service s2 ip address 2.1.1.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on the CSS Optionally, you can define any of the following: • The network cost for an OSPF default route by including the metric option. If a default route metric is defined, the router advertises itself as the default router to the area. Enter a number from 1 to 16,777,215. The default is 1. • A 32-bit tag value to advertise each external route by including the tag option. The 32-bit tag value is not used by the OSPF protocol itself.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface Optionally, you can define any of the following: • The network cost for the route by including the metric option. Enter a number from 1 to 16,777,215. The default is 1. • A 32-bit tag value to advertise each external route by including the tag option. The 32-bit tag value is not used by the OSPF protocol itself. You can use the tag value to communicate information between AS boundary routers.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface Configuring the CSS IP Interface as an OSPF Interface An OSPF interface is an IP interface that you configure to send and receive OSPF traffic. To configure the CSS IP interface as an OSPF interface, use the ospf command. Note You must enter the ospf command before the ospf enable command can take effect. To configure the CSS IP interface as an OSPF interface: 1.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface Assigning an OSPF Area to the Interface After you configure the IP interface as an OSPF interface, assign it to the area that you globally configured to the CSS. The default area is the backbone area with the ID of 0.0.0.0. If the area is other than the backbone, use the ospf area command to assign the interface to an OSPF area. For example, if the area is 0.0.0.1, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN6-3.1.2.2])# ospf area 0.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface • Setting the Priority of the CSS • Setting the Retransmission Interval • Setting the Transit-Link Delay Setting the Cost To set the cost for sending a data packet on this interface, use the ospf cost command. The cost for the interface is a number from 0 to 65535. The default value of the cost for a given type of circuit is 108/interface speed. For a Gigabit Ethernet interface, the value is 1.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface Setting the Hello Packet Interval Router interfaces periodically transmit hello packets to identify and maintain communications with their neighbors. When a router detects its own address in another router’s hello packet, the two routers establish two-way communications as neighbors. The hello interval is the length of time, in seconds, between hello packets that the interface sends to its neighbor routers.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface Setting the Poll Interval The poll interval is the length of time, in seconds, between the transmittal of hello packets by the CSS to an assumed inactive neighbor router in a non-broadcast, multi-access network. Use the ospf poll command to set the poll interval for the interface. The poll interval should be a value that is greater than the hello time interval. Enter a number from 1 to 2,147,483,647.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface To reset the router priority to the default value of 1, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN6-3.1.2.2])# no ospf priority Setting the Retransmission Interval The retransmission interval is the number of seconds between link-state advertisement retransmissions for adjacencies belonging to an interface. OSPF creates adjacencies between neighboring routers for the purpose of exchanging routing information.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Showing OSPF Information Use the show ospf command to view OSPF information on the CSS. This command is available in all modes.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Table 3-3 Field Descriptions for the show ospf areas Command (continued) Field Description LSAs The number of link-state advertisements in the database Summaries The capability of summarized LSAs in the stub area, if applicable Showing Global Statistics To show OSPF global statistics, enter: # show ospf global Table 3-4 describes the fields in the show ospf global command output.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Showing IP Interface Information To show OSPF interfaces, enter: # show ospf interfaces Table 3-5 describes the fields in the show ospf interfaces command output.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Table 3-5 Field Descriptions for show ospf interfaces Command (continued) Field Description State The functional level of an interface. The state determines whether full adjacencies are allowed to form over the interface. The states include: • Down - The initial interface state. In this state, the lower-level protocols indicate the interface is unusable. No protocol traffic is sent or received on the interface.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Table 3-5 Field Descriptions for show ospf interfaces Command (continued) Field Description Priority The priority assigned to the interface advertised in the hello packets. When two routers attached to a network both attempt to become the designated router, the router with the highest priority takes precedence. A router whose priority is set to 0 is ineligible to become the designated router on the attached network.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Table 3-5 Field Descriptions for show ospf interfaces Command (continued) Field Description Transit Delay The number of seconds to transmit a Link State Update packet over an interface. LSAs contained in the Link State Update packet have their age incremented by this amount before transmission. This value should take into account transmission and propagation delays; the value must be greater than zero.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information To show the entire database, enter: # show ospf lsdb Table 3-6 describes the fields in the show ospf lsdb command output. Table 3-6 Field Descriptions for the show ospf lsdb Command Field Description Area The ID for the area. Type The link-state type. The types are as follows: Link State ID • ASB-Summary for summary LSAs originated by ABRs. The LSAs describe routes to ASBRs.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Table 3-6 Field Descriptions for the show ospf lsdb Command (continued) Field Description ADV Router This field specifies the OSPF Router ID of the LSA originator, as follows: • ASB-Summary LSAs, the originators are the ABRs • AS-external LSAs, the originators are ASBRs • Network LSAs, the originators are network-designated routers • Router LSAs, this field is identical to the Link State ID field • Summary LSAs, the ori
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Showing ASE Entries To show AS-external (ASE) entries in the LSDB, enter: # show ospf ase To find specific entries, pipe the output through the grep command. For example: show ospf ase|grep 10.10.10.0 Table 3-7 describes the fields in the show ospf ase command output.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information For example: # show ospf advertise 192.168.11.1/24 Table 3-8 describes the fields in the show ospf advertise command output. Table 3-8 Field Descriptions for the show ospf advertise Command Field Description Prefix The IP address for the route. For the CSS, the prefix is predominately VIP addresses. Prefix Length The prefix length for the IP address. Metric The network cost for the route. The range is from 1 to 16777215.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Showing the Redistribution Policy To show the configured redistribution policy into OSPF, enter: # show ospf redistribute Table 3-9 describes the fields in the show ospf redistribute command output.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Showing Summary Route Configuration Information To show the summary-route configuration information, enter: # show ospf range Table 3-10 describes the fields in the show ospf range command output. Table 3-10 Field Descriptions for the show ospf range Command Field Description Area ID The ID for the area. Lsdb Type The type of link-state database. For an ABR, the type is summaryLink.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Table 3-11 Field Descriptions for show ospf neighbors Command (continued) Field Description Prio The router priority of the neighboring router. Contained in the neighbor’s hello packets, this value is used by OSPF to select the designated router for the attached network. State/Dr The state of a conversation being held with a neighboring router. The following states are listed in order of their progression.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First Showing OSPF Information Table 3-11 Field Descriptions for show ospf neighbors Command (continued) Field State/Dr (cont.) Description • Exchange - In this state, the CSS sends DD packets to the neighbor to describe its entire link-state database. Each DD packet has a DD sequence number and is explicitly acknowledged. Only one DD packet is allowed to be outstanding at any one time.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First OSPF Configuration in a Startup-Configuration File OSPF Configuration in a Startup-Configuration File The following example shows an OSPF configuration in a startup-configuration file. !*************************** GLOBAL *************************** ospf router-id 121.23.21.1 ospf enable ospf area 1.1.1.1 ospf as-boundary ospf advertise 192.168.4.15 255.255.255.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First OSPF Configuration in a Startup-Configuration File Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide 3-44 OL-8241-02
C H A P T E R 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol This chapter describes how to configure Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to statically configure the IP to Media Access Control (MAC) translations necessary for the CSS to send data to network nodes. You can configure static ARP mapping for any of the CSS Ethernet interface ports.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol ARP Configuration Quick Start ARP Configuration Quick Start Table 4-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to configure a static ARP map. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task. For a complete description of each feature and all the options associated with the CLI command, see the sections following Table 4-1. Table 4-1 ARP Configuration Quick Start Task and Command Example 1. Define a static ARP mapping.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Configuring ARP Configuring ARP To define a static ARP mapping, use the arp command. The syntax for this global configuration mode command is: arp ip_or_host mac_address interface {vlan} The variables and options are as follows: • ip_or_host - The IP address of the system for static mapping. Enter an IP address in dotted-decimal notation (for example, 192.168.11.1) or in mnemonic host-name format (for example, myhost.mydomain.com).
Chapter 4 Immediately Refreshing the Bridge Forwarding Table for a MAC Down Event Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Immediately Refreshing the Bridge Forwarding Table for a MAC Down Event By default, when the CSS receives a Down event for a MAC address in the bridge forwarding table, it may not send an ARP request to an IP address associated with that MAC address for up to 60 seconds to refresh the table. During this time, the bridge flows through the CSS to the MAC address could fail.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Configuring ARP Wait To restore the default timeout value of 14400 seconds, enter: (config)# no arp timeout To remove all entries with the old timeout value, enter the clear arp cache command. Configuring ARP Wait To set the time, in seconds, to wait for an ARP resolution, use the arp wait command. The wait time is the number of seconds the CSS waits for an ARP resolution in response to an ARP request to the network.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Showing ARP Information Use the clear arp cache command to delete dynamic entries from the ARP cache. To specify an address for the single ARP entry you want to remove from the ARP cache, use the clear arp cache ip_or_host command. Enter the address in either dotted-decimal IP notation (for example, 192.168.11.1) or mnemonic host-name format (for example, myhost.mydomain.com). For example: # clear arp cache 192.168.11.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Showing ARP Information • summary - Displays the total number of static entries, total number of dynamic entries, and total number of entries in the ARP resolution table, excluding the entries from the CSS management port. • ip_or host - The IP address for the system to display its resolution. Enter the address in dotted-decimal format (for example, 192.168.11.1) or mnemonic host-name format (for example, myname.mydomain.com).
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Showing ARP Information Table 4-3 Field Descriptions for the show arp summary Command Field Description Static Entry The total number of static map entries in the ARP resolution table (from a static configuration). Dynamic Entry The total number of dynamic map entries in the ARP resolution table (entries discovered through the ARP protocol). Total Entry The total number of static and dynamic entries in the ARP resolution table.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Showing ARP Information Table 4-5 describes the fields in the show arp management-port command output. Table 4-5 Field Descriptions for the show arp management-port Command Field Description IP Address The IP address of the system for ARP mapping. MAC Address The MAC address of the system mapped to the IP address. Port The CSS Ethernet management port. To display the resolution for a host IP address, enter: # show arp 192.50.1.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Showing ARP Information Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide 4-10 OL-8241-02
C H A P T E R 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol The CSS enables you to configure global Routing Information Protocol (RIP) attributes used to advertise routes on the CSS. By default, RIP advertises RIP routes and local routes for interfaces running RIP. The rip command advertises other routes. The timers used by RIP in the CSS include the following default values. These RIP timer values are not user-configurable in the CSS.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol RIP Configuration Quick Start RIP Configuration Quick Start Table 5-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to configure global RIP attributes for the CSS. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task. For a complete description of each feature and all the options associated with the CLI command, see the sections following Table 5-1. Table 5-1 RIP Configuration Quick Start Task and Command Example 1.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Configuring RIP Advertise Configuring RIP Advertise To advertise a route through RIP on the CSS, use the rip advertise command. The syntax for this command is: rip advertise ip_address subnet_mask {metric} The variables for this command are as follows: • ip_address - The IP address for the route prefix. Enter an IP address in dotted-decimal notation (for example, 192.168.1.0).
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Configuring Equal-Cost RIP Routes The options and variables for this command are as follows: • firewall - Advertises firewall routes through RIP. • local - Advertises local routes (interfaces not running RIP). • static - Advertises static routes configured for the Ethernet interface ports. • ospf - Advertises OSPF routes through RIP. • metric - (Optional) Metric to use when advertising this route. Enter a number from 1 to 15. The default is 1.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Showing RIP Configurations Showing RIP Configurations Use the show rip command to show a RIP configuration for one IP address or all IP addresses configured in the CSS.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Showing RIP Configurations Table 5-2 Field Descriptions for the show rip Command (continued) Field Description Tx Log The setting for logging RIP packet transmissions (enabled or disabled). The default setting is disabled. Rx Log The setting for logging RIP packets received (enabled or disabled). The default setting is disabled.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Showing RIP Configurations Table 5-4 describes the fields in the show rip statistics command output.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Showing RIP Configurations Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide 5-8 OL-8241-02
C H A P T E R 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol This chapter provides information to configure the Internet Protocol (IP) for the CSS and contains the following major sections: • IP Configuration Quick Start • Configuring an IP Route • Disabling an Implicit Service for the Static Route Next Hop • Configuring an IP Source Route • Configuring the IP Record Route • Configuring Box-to-Box Redundancy • Configuring IP Equal-Cost Multipath • Forwarding IP Subnet Broadcast Addressed Frames • Co
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol IP Configuration Quick Start IP Configuration Quick Start Table 6-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to setup the IP configuration for the CSS. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task. For a complete description of each feature and all the options associated with the CLI command, see the sections following Table 6-1. Table 6-1 IP Configuration Quick Start Task and Command Example 1. Configure an IP route for the CSS.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring an IP Route The following running-configuration example shows the results of entering the commands in Table 6-1. !*************************** GLOBAL *************************** ip no-implicit-service ip redundancy ip subnet-broadcast ip route 192.168.0.0/16 192.167.1.1 1 Configuring an IP Route A static route consists of a destination network address and mask, as well as the next hop to reach the destination.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring an IP Route Use the ip route command to configure an IP route. You can configure a static route, a default static IP route, a blackhole route (where the CSS drops any packets addressed to the route), or a firewall IP route. Each ip route command requires one of the following: • An IP address and a subnet mask prefix; for example, 192.168.1.0 /24 • An IP address and a subnet mask; for example, 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring an IP Route • firewall - Configures a firewall route. The firewall option instructs the CSS to use firewall load balancing for this route. You can optionally set the administrative distance. Note • The CLI prevents you from configuring IP static routes with identical destinations and identical administrative costs, for IP static routes that are firewall routes and IP static routes that are not firewall routes.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Disabling an Implicit Service for the Static Route Next Hop Disabling an Implicit Service for the Static Route Next Hop By default, the CSS establishes an implicit (or internal) service for the gateway address when a static route is defined. When you do not want the CSS to start an implicit service for the next hop of a static route, use the ip no-implicit-service command.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring an IP Source Route For example: (config)# ip no-implicit-service To reset the default setting, enter: (config)# no ip no-implicit-service Configuring an IP Source Route To enable the CSS to process frames with information that overrides the default routing, use the ip source-route command. For example: (config)# ip source-route Caution Enabling the ip source-route command may pose a major security risk to your network.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring the IP Record Route Configuring the IP Record Route To enable the CSS to process frames with the IP address of each router along a path, use the ip record-route command. For example: (config)# ip record-route Caution Enabling the ip record-route command could pose security risks to your network. The ip record-route command inserts the IP address of each router along a path into the IP header.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring IP Equal-Cost Multipath Configuring IP Equal-Cost Multipath To set the equal-cost multipath (ECMP) selection algorithm and the preferred reverse egress path, use the ip ecmp command. The CSS supports a maximum of 15 ECMP paths.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Forwarding IP Subnet Broadcast Addressed Frames Forwarding IP Subnet Broadcast Addressed Frames To enable the CSS to forward subnet broadcast addressed frames, use the ip subnet-broadcast command.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring IP Opportunistic Layer 3 Forwarding To restore the default behavior of the CSS, enter: (config)# no ip uncond-bridging Configuring IP Opportunistic Layer 3 Forwarding The CSS opportunistic Layer 3 forwarding feature allows the CSS to reduce the number of network device hops for certain packets or flows. The CSS forwards packets at Layer 3 if the destination MAC address in the Ethernet header is the CSS MAC address.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring IP Opportunistic Layer 3 Forwarding Using opportunistic Layer 3 forwarding, the CSS inspects the IP packet header to determine the destination IP address. Instead of forwarding the packet to Router1, the CSS forwards the packet directly to End Station B. Because the CSS handles the packet only once, the router and uplink are not used and network resources are conserved.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring Advanced Route Remapping Configuring Advanced Route Remapping To configure a CSS to remap flows using the best available route, use the ip advanced-route-remap command.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Showing IP Global Configuration Parameters Use the show ip config command to display IP global configuration parameters. These parameters show the state (enabled or disabled) of the source route option, forward IP broadcasts, record-route option, and IP route change logging. The show ip config command also shows the value for the orphaned route timer. Table 6-2 describes the fields Zin the show ip config output.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Showing IP Interface Information Use the show ip interfaces command to display configured IP interfaces on the CSS. The display includes the circuit state, IP address, broadcast address, Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) settings, and Router Discovery Program (RDP) settings. Table 6-3 describes the fields in the show ip interfaces command output.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Showing IP Routing Information Use the show ip routes command to display IP routing information. The syntax and options for this command are as follows: • show ip routes - Displays the entire routing table, including host IP address, next hop, interface, route type, protocol, age (in seconds), and metric. • show ip routes firewall - Displays all firewall routes. • show ip routes local - Displays all local routes.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-4 Field Descriptions for the show ip routes Command (continued) Field Description If The Index value that identifies the local interface through which the next hop of this route should be reached. Type The type of the route entry. The possible types are as follows: • local - Local interface • remote - Remote destination • mgmt - Management interface Proto The protocol for the route.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-5 Field Descriptions for the show ip statistics Command (continued) Field Description Output Datagrams The total number of flow-related UDP datagrams sent from the CSS. Input Errors The number of received UDP datagrams that could not be delivered for reasons other than the lack of an application at the destination port.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-5 Field Descriptions for the show ip statistics Command (continued) Field Description Passive Opens The number of times TCP connections have made a direct transition to the SYN-RCVD state from the LISTEN state. Resets The number of times TCP connections have made a direct transition to the CLOSED state from either the ESTABLISHED state or the CLOSE-WAIT state.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-5 Field Descriptions for the show ip statistics Command (continued) Field Description Timestamp Reply The number of sent ICMP Timestamp Reply messages. Information Reply The number of received ICMP information reply packets. Mask Reply The number of received ICMP Address Mask Reply messages. Echo Requests Out The number of transmitted ICMP Echo request messages.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-5 Field Descriptions for the show ip statistics Command (continued) Field Description Duplicate Addr The number of received ARP packets with a detected duplicate IP address. The duplicate IP address can be the local IP address, VIP, or virtual interface. Invalid The number of invalid or bad ARP packets. Replies In The number of received ARP reply packets. Replies Out The sending ARP reply packet count.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-6 Field Descriptions for the show ip summary Command Field Description Reachable Routes The current number of reachable routes. Total Routes The current number of routes maintained, both reachable and unreachable. Reachable Hosts The current number of reachable host entries. Total Hosts The current number of host entries, both reachable and unreachable.
C H A P T E R 7 Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol The Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is a medium-independent protocol that runs over Layer 2 (the data link layer) on the CSS and other Cisco manufactured equipment, such as routers, switches, bridges, and access servers. Use the cdp global configuration command to allow the CSS to advertise itself to all other neighboring Cisco CDP-compatible devices on a network.
Chapter 7 Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol CDP Configuration Quick Start This chapter contains the following major sections: • CDP Configuration Quick Start • Enabling CDP • Setting the CDP Hold Time • Setting the CDP Transmission Rate • Showing CDP Information CDP Configuration Quick Start Table 7-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to configure CDP for the CSS. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task.
Chapter 7 Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol Enabling CDP The following running-configuration example shows the results of entering the commands in Table 7-1. !*************************** GLOBAL *************************** cdp run cdp holdTime 255 cdp timer 120 Enabling CDP By default, CDP is disabled for the CSS. Use the cdp run global configuration command to enable CDP transmissions from the CSS to other neighboring Cisco CDP-compatible devices on the network.
Chapter 7 Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol Setting the CDP Transmission Rate Setting the CDP Transmission Rate By default, the frequency at which the CSS transmits CDP packets to all receiving CDP-compatible devices is 60 seconds. To specify the frequency at which the CSS transmits CDP packets to all receiving CDP-compatible devices, use the cdp timer global configuration command. Valid entries are 5 to 254 seconds.
C H A P T E R 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) servers provide configuration parameters to DHCP clients. When DHCP clients and associated servers do not reside on the same IP network or subnet, a DHCP relay agent can transfer DHCP messages between them. To configure a DHCP relay agent on a CSS, define DHCP server destinations on a circuit and enable the DHCP relay agent on the circuit.
Chapter 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent DHCP Relay Agent Configuration Quick Start DHCP Relay Agent Configuration Quick Start Table 8-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to configure the DHCP relay agent for the circuit. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task. For a complete description of each feature and all the options associated with the CLI command, see the sections following Table 8-1.
Chapter 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent Adding a DHCP Destination on a Circuit Adding a DHCP Destination on a Circuit A CSS circuit acts as the DHCP relay agent. For each circuit on the CSS, you can configure a maximum of five DHCP destinations. The initial DHCP broadcast request is sent to all of the configured destinations. Do not configure a relay destination on a circuit when the relay destination is directly connected to or reachable from one of the ports on the same circuit.
Chapter 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent Defining the Hops Field Value for Forwarding DHCP Messages Defining the Hops Field Value for Forwarding DHCP Messages The CSS forwards or discards a DHCP message based on the hops field value in the BOOTP header. When messages have values in the hops fields that exceed the maximum value set on the CSS, the CSS discards the message. Use the dhcp-agent max-hops global configuration command to set the maximum allowable number in the hops field.
Chapter 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent Displaying the DHCP Relay Configuration Table 8-2 Field Descriptions for the show dhcp-relay-agent global Command (continued) Field Description Circuit The circuit configured for DHCP. IfAddress The interface address for the circuit. DHCP State The DHCP relay agent state on the circuit (Enabled or Disabled). Relay destination The DHCP relay destination address for the server. Each circuit can have five destination addresses.
Chapter 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent Displaying the DHCP Relay Configuration Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide 8-6 OL-8241-02
INDEX bridge A aging time, configuring 2-3 aging time, configuring for bridging 2-3 forward-time 2-4 ARP hello-time, configuring 2-4 clearing parameters 4-5 interface to a VLAN, configuring 1-11 configuring for CSS 4-3 max age, configuring 2-4, 2-5 displaying information 4-6 pathcost, configuring 1-15 immediately refreshing the bridge forwarding table for a MAC Down event 4-4 priority, configuring (for an interface) 1-15 running-config example 4-2 priority, configuring (for CSS) 2-5 showing
Index circuit CLI configuring 1-31 configuring DHCP relay destination 8-3 displaying DHCP relay information 8-4 enabling or disabling DHCP relay agent 8-3 IP address, removing from circuit 1-32 IP interface, configuring 1-31 overview 1-1 quick start 1-4 conventions xxi configuration quick start initial CSS configuration 2-2, 4-2, 5-2, 6-2, 7-2, 8-2 interface and circuit 1-4 OSPF 3-7 configuring bridging for CSS 2-3 router-discovery lifetime 1-35 CDP for CSS 7-1 router-discovery limited broadcast 1-3
Index ARP, configuring for CSS 4-3 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) CDP, configuring 7-1 configuring CSS relay agent 8-1 opportunistic layer 3 forwarding 6-11 configuring destinations 8-3 RIP, configuring 5-1 displaying relay configuration information 8-4 enabling or disabling CSS relay agent 8-3 D running-config example 8-2 default IP route, configuring 6-3 setting maximum allowable hops field for forwarding messages 8-4 default VLAN, restoring 1-11, 1-13 DHCP.
Index IP I address, removing from circuit 1-32 ICMP redirect message transmission, disabling 1-33 implicit service, disabling 6-6 interface box-to-box redundancy, configuring 6-8 configuration, showing 6-14 record route, configuring 6-8 route, configuring 6-3 auto-negotiate 1-8 bridging to VLAN 1-11 configuring 1-6, 1-7 configuring Port Fast 1-16 describing 1-7 displaying statistics 1-24 duplex and speed, configuring 1-8 enabling BPDU guard 1-17 enabling Port Fast 1-17 layer, restarting 1-30 maximum id
Index OSPF viewing neighbors 3-40 advertising other routes through OSPF 3-21 viewing redistribution policy 3-39 area border routers 3-5 viewing summary-route configuration 3-40 areas 3-4 OSPF global running-config example 3-8 autonomous system 3-4 autonomous system boundary routers 3-5 OSPF global configuration basic network topology 3-3 area, configuring 3-13 configuring global parameters 3-12 AS boundary router 3-15 configuring IP interface parameters 3-22 disabling 3-13 CSS IP interface,
Index P Q packet storms, preventing 2-5 quick start interface and circuit 1-4 panning-tree bridging running-config example 2-3 OSPF 3-7 pathcost, configuring for bridging 1-15 port analyzing 1-44 R auto-negotiate 1-8 redundancy, disabling 6-8 configuring Port Fast 1-16 remapping flows 6-13 DSPAN 1-44 removing enabling BPDU guard 1-17 DHCP relay destination address 8-3 enabling Port Fast 1-17 IP address from a circuit 1-32 interfaces, configuring 1-6 restarting an interface 1-30 mirrorin
Index router-discovery max-advertisement-interval default value 1-36 running-config example ARP 4-2 router discovery preference 1-34 CDP 7-3 RIP DHCP relay agent 8-2 advertise, configuring 5-3 interface and circuit 1-5 advertise, stopping 5-3, 7-3, 7-4 IP 6-3 default-route, configuring 1-40 OSPF global 3-8 displaying configurations 1-41, 5-5 OSPF IP interface 3-10 equal cost, configuring 5-4 RIP 5-2 receive, configuring 1-40 spanning-tree bridging 2-3 redistribute, configuring 5-3 redistr
Index OSPF redistribution policy 3-39 OSPF global 3-30 OSPF summary-route configuration 3-40 RIP 1-41, 5-5, 5-6 RIP 5-5 switched port analyzer.
