Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide Software Version 7.30 January 2004 Corporate Headquarters Cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-1706 USA http://www.cisco.
THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS.
C O N T E N T S Preface xv Audience xvi How to Use This Guide xvi Related Documentation xvii Symbols and Conventions xx Obtaining Documentation xxi Cisco.
Contents Specifying VLAN Trunking for an Interface 1-11 Selecting a Default VLAN in a Trunk 1-13 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for a VLAN or a Trunked Interface 1-14 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Pathcost 1-15 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Port Priority 1-15 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge State 1-16 Configuring Port Fast on an Interface 1-16 Enabling Port Fast 1-17 Enabling BPDU Guard 1-17 Showing Port Fast Information 1-18 Showing Interface Configurations 1-19 Showing Bridge Configurations 1-
Contents Configuring Router-Discovery Protocol Settings for a Circuit 1-34 Configuring the Router-Discovery Lifetime 1-35 Configuring Router-Discovery Limited-Broadcast 1-35 Configuring the Router-Discovery Max-Advertisement-Interval 1-36 Configuring the Router-Discovery Min-Advertisement-Interval 1-36 Showing Circuits 1-37 Showing IP Interfaces 1-38 Configuring RIP for an IP Interface 1-39 Enabling RIP on an IP Interface 1-39 Configuring a RIP Default Route 1-40 Configuring a RIP Receive Version 1-40 Conf
Contents CHAPTER 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) 3-1 OSPF Overview 3-2 OSPF Routing Hierarchy 3-3 Autonomous System 3-4 Areas 3-4 Backbone Area 3-4 Area Border Routers 3-5 Stub Area 3-5 Autonomous System Boundary Routers 3-5 Link-State Databases 3-6 CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start 3-7 Global OSPF Configuration Quick Start 3-7 OSPF IP Interface Configuration Quick Start 3-9 Verifying Your Configuration 3-11 Configuring OSPF on the CSS 3-12 Configuring the OSPF Router ID 3-12 Enabling OSPF
Contents Setting the Cost 3-25 Setting the Dead Router Interval 3-25 Setting the Hello Packet Interval 3-25 Setting the Password 3-26 Setting the Poll Interval 3-26 Setting the Priority of the CSS 3-27 Setting the Retransmission Interval 3-27 Setting the Transit-Link Delay 3-28 Showing OSPF Information 3-28 Showing OSPF Area Information 3-29 Showing Global Statistics 3-29 Showing IP Interface Information 3-30 Showing Link-State Databases 3-33 Showing ASE Entries 3-36 Showing the Configured Advertised ASE R
Contents CHAPTER 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol 5-1 RIP Configuration Quick Start 5-2 Configuring RIP Advertise 5-3 Configuring RIP Redistribute 5-3 Configuring Equal-Cost RIP Routes 5-4 Showing RIP Configurations 5-5 CHAPTER 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol 6-1 IP Configuration Quick Start 6-2 Configuring an IP Route 6-3 Disabling an Implicit Service for the Static Route Next Hop 6-6 Configuring an IP Source Route 6-7 Configuring the IP Record Route 6-7 Configuring Box-to-Box Redundanc
Contents CHAPTER 7 Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol 7-1 CDP Configuration Quick Start 7-2 Enabling CDP 7-3 Setting the CDP Hold Time 7-3 Setting the CDP Transmission Rate 7-4 Showing CDP Information 7-4 CHAPTER 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent 8-1 DHCP Relay Agent Configuration Quick Start 8-2 Adding a DHCP Destination on a Circuit 8-3 Enabling and Disabling DHCP on the Circuit 8-3 Defining the Hops Field Value for Forwarding DHCP Messages 8-4 Displaying the DHCP Relay Configuration 8-4 IND
Contents Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide x OL-4580-01
F I G U R E S Figure 1-1 CSS Interfaces and Circuits Figure 1-2 Interface Trunking Between VLANs Figure 1-3 Example of SPAN Connectivity 1-45 Figure 3-1 Basic OSPF Network Topology 3-3 Figure 6-1 Example of Opportunistic Layer 3 Forwarding 1-3 1-3 6-11 Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide OL-4580-01 xi
Figures Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide xii OL-4580-01
T A B L E S Table 1-1 Interface and Circuit Configuration Quick Start Table 1-2 Field Description for the show bridge port-fast Command Table 1-3 Field Descriptions for the show bridge forwarding Command Table 1-4 Field Descriptions for the show bridge status Command Table 1-5 Field Descriptions for the show trunk Command Table 1-6 Field Descriptions for the show interface Command Table 1-7 Field Descriptions for the show phy Command Table 1-8 Field Descriptions for the show mibii Command T
Tables Table 3-6 Field Descriptions for the show ospf lsdb Command 3-34 Table 3-7 Field Descriptions for the show ospf ase Command 3-36 Table 3-8 Field Descriptions for the show ospf advertise Command Table 3-9 Field Descriptions for the show ospf redistribute Command Table 3-10 Field Descriptions for the show ospf range Command 3-39 Table 3-11 Field Descriptions for show ospf neighbors Command 3-40 Table 4-1 ARP Configuration Quick Start Table 4-2 Field Descriptions for the show arp Com
Preface This guide provides instructions to configure interfaces and circuits, spanning-tree bridging, Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Internet Protocol (IP) routing, and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). Information in this chapter applies to all 11500 Series Content Services Switch (CSS) models, except where noted.
Preface Audience Audience This guide is intended for the following trained and qualified service personnel who are responsible for configuring the CSS: • Web master • System administrator • System operator How to Use This Guide This guide is organized as follows: Chapter Description Chapter 1, Configuring Configure the CSS interface ports and circuits for Interfaces and Circuits operation. Chapter 2, Configuring Configure spanning-tree bridging.
Preface Related Documentation Chapter Description Chapter 7, Configuring Configure Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP). the Cisco Discovery Protocol Chapter 8, Configuring Configure Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol the DHCP Relay Agent (DHCP).
Preface Related Documentation Document Title Description Cisco Content Services Switch Administration Guide This guide describes how to perform administrative tasks on the CSS, including booting and logging in to the CSS, upgrading your CSS software, and configuring the following: Cisco Content Services Switch Content Load-Balancing Configuration Guide • User profile and CSS parameters • Logging, including displaying log messages and interpreting sys.
Preface Related Documentation Document Title Description Cisco Content Services Switch Global Server Load-Balancing Configuration Guide This guide describes how to perform CSS global load-balancing configuration tasks, including: Cisco Content Services Switch Redundancy Configuration Guide Cisco Content Services Switch Security Configuration Guide Cisco Content Services Switch Command Reference • Domain Name Service (DNS) • DNS Sticky • Content Routing Agent • Client-Side Accelerator • Netw
Preface Symbols and Conventions Symbols and Conventions This guide uses the following symbols and conventions to identify different types of information. Caution Warning Note A caution means that a specific action you take could cause a loss of data or adversely impact use of the equipment. A warning describes an action that could cause you physical harm or damage the equipment. A note provides important related information, reminders, and recommendations.
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Preface Obtaining Additional Publications and Information Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide xxvi OL-4580-01
C H A P T E R 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits This chapter describes how to configure the CSS interfaces and circuits and how to bridge interfaces to Virtual LANs (VLANs). Information in this chapter applies to all CSS models, except where noted.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Interface and Circuit Overview Using the trunk command, you can assign multiple VLANs to a CSS Ethernet interface port (Fast Ethernet port or Gigabit Ethernet port). A trunk is a point-to-point link carrying the traffic of several VLANs. The advantage of a trunk is to save ports by creating a link between two CSSs implementing VLANs. A trunk bundles virtual links over one physical link.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Interface and Circuit Overview Figure 1-1 illustrates the interfaces, circuits, and VLANs in a CSS, and Figure 1-2 illustrates trunking between VLANs. Figure 1-1 CSS Interfaces and Circuits VLAN1 Circuit IP Interface for VLAN 1 Bridging Domain vlan 1 Interface Port e1 Interface Port e2 Interface Port e3 Interface Port e4 10.3.6.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Interface and Circuit Overview Interface and Circuit Configuration Quick Start Table 1-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to configure interfaces and circuits. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task. For a complete description of each feature and all the options associated with the CLI command, see the sections following Table 1-1. Table 1-1 Interface and Circuit Configuration Quick Start Task and Command Example 1.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Interface and Circuit Overview Table 1-1 Interface and Circuit Configuration Quick Start (continued) Task and Command Example 7. (Optional) Display all circuit information for circuits that are currently active. (config-if[2/1])# show circuit all 8. (Optional) Display the interface configuration. (config-if[2/1])# show interface (config-if[2/1])# exit 9. Configure circuits as required. Assign an IP address and subnet mask to each circuit.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Configuring Interfaces Interfaces are ports that enable you to connect devices to the CSS and connect the CSS to the Internet. The commands to configure interfaces on the CSS 11501 differ slightly from the commands to configure interfaces on the CSS 11503 or CSS 11506 because they require a slot/port designation. The CSS 11501 does not use the slot/port designation.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Configuring an Interface To configure an Ethernet interface, use the interface command. Enter the interface name as follows: • CSS 11501 - Enter the interface name in interface port format (for example, e1 for Ethernet interface port 1). • CSS 11503 or CSS 11506 - Enter the interface format in slot/port format (for example, 3/1 for Ethernet port 1 on the I/O module in slot 3).
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces To remove an interface description, enter: (config-if[2/1])# no description Configuring Interface Duplex and Speed By default, the CSS Fast Ethernet interface and Gigabit Ethernet interface are configured to auto-negotiate. The CSS automatically detects the network line speed (Fast Ethernet only) and duplex of incoming signals, and synchronizes those parameters during data transfer.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Use the phy command to configure the duplex, speed (Fast Ethernet ports only), and flow control (Gigabit Ethernet ports only) for the interface ports, as follows: • Note • phy auto-negotiate - Resets the Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet ports to automatically negotiate port speed and duplex of incoming signals. Pause mode during auto-negotiation is not supported for the Fast Ethernet ports.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces • phy 1Gbits-FD-sym-asym - Sets the Gigabit Ethernet port to full-duplex mode with symmetric and asymmetric pause frames used with the local device.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Bridging an Interface to a VLAN To specify a VLAN and associate it with the specified Ethernet interface, use the bridge vlan command. Enter an integer from 1 to 4094 as the VLAN identifier. The default is 1. All interfaces are assigned to VLAN1 by default.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces The following list defines the maximum number of VLANs supported by the specific CSS models: • CSS 11501 and CSS 11503 - A maximum of 256 VLANs per CSS and 64 VLANs per port (FE or GE) • CSS 11506 - A maximum of 512 VLANs per CSS and 64 VLANs per port (FE or GE) The CSS software has a dependency when using the trunk command.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Selecting a Default VLAN in a Trunk To define a default VLAN to accept packets that arrive untagged on the interface, include the default-vlan command as part of the trunk/VLAN definition. The command also specifies that the packets transmitted from this VLAN will be untagged. The default VLAN must be explicitly set if you want untagged packets to be processed by the CSS. Otherwise, these packets are discarded.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for a VLAN or a Trunked Interface The CSS supports configuration of Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) bridging for an Ethernet interface in a VLAN or for a trunked Ethernet interface. Spanning-tree bridging is used to detect, and then prevent, loops in the network. You can define the bridge spanning-tree path cost, priority, and state for an Ethernet interface or for a trunked Ethernet interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Pathcost The path cost is the contribution of the interface to the vast path cost towards the spanning-tree root. Use the bridge pathcost command to set the spanning-tree path cost for an Ethernet interface or for a trunked Ethernet interface. Enter an integer from 1 to 65535. The default is dynamically configured based on the interface speed.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge State By default, an Ethernet interface is set to the enabled bridge state Use the bridge state command to set the spanning-tree bridge state for an Ethernet interface or for a trunked Ethernet interface. .
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Enabling Port Fast A port with the Port Fast feature enabled is moved directly to the spanning-tree forwarding state without waiting for the standard forward-time delay. Caution Use Port Fast only when connecting a single end station to a CSS interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces To disable BPDU guard, use the global configuration bridge bpdu-guard disabled command: (config)# bridge bpdu-guard disabled Showing Port Fast Information To display whether Port Fast is enabled or disabled on all interfaces, use the show bridge port-fast command. This command is available in all modes. This command also displays whether the BPDU guard feature is enabled or disabled on the CSS, and the state of the interfaces.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Showing Interface Configurations This CSS includes a series of show interface mode commands that enable you to view interface configuration information about the CSS. This information includes VLAN bridging, VLAN trunk status, list of valid Ethernet interfaces, interface duplex and speed values, interface statistics, and errors on an Ethernet interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces To display bridge forwarding or bridge status for a specific VLAN in the CSS, enter the show bridge forwarding or the show bridge status command with the VLAN number. Entering the show bridge command with a VLAN number returns a list of available VLANs. Table 1-3 describes the fields in the show bridge forwarding command output.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-4 Field Descriptions for the show bridge status Command (continued) Field Description State The state of the port. The possible states are as follows: • Block - The blocking state. A port enters the blocking state after CSS initialization. The port does not participate in frame forwarding. • Listen - The listening state. This state is the first transitional state a port enters after the blocking state.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Showing Trunking Configurations The CSS enables you to show VLAN trunk status information for Gigabit Ethernet and Fast Ethernet ports. To display this information, use the show trunk command. Table 1-5 describes the fields in the show trunk command output.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-6 describes the fields in the show interface command output. Table 1-6 Field Descriptions for the show interface Command Field Description Name The name of the interface. ifIndex The Index for the interface. Type The type of interface. The possible types include: • fe - Fast Ethernet interface • ge - Gigabit Ethernet interface • console - Console interface Oper Operational state: Up or Down.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-7 describes the fields in the show phy command output. Table 1-7 Field Descriptions for the show phy Command Field Description Name The name of the physical interface. Configured Speed The configured speed for the Ethernet interface (port) in the CSS. Auto indicates the speed is automatically negotiated. Configured Duplex The configured duplex for the Ethernet interface (port) in the CSS.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-8 describes the fields in the show mibii command output. Table 1-8 Field Descriptions for the show mibii Command Field Description MAC The interface address at the protocol layer immediately below the network layer in the protocol stack. For interfaces that do not have such an address (for example, a serial line), this object contains an octet string of zero length.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-8 Field Descriptions for the show mibii Command (continued) Field Description Last Change The value of sysUpTime at the time the interface entered its current operational state. If the state has not changed since the time the CSS came up, the sysUptime is when the port was initialized. Operational The current operational state of the interface (Up, Down, or Testing).
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Showing Ethernet Interface Errors To list the errors on an Ethernet interface, use the show ether-errors command and options. When required, enter the interface name as a case-sensitive unquoted text string. To see a list of interfaces, enter show ether-errors ?. The command provides the following options: • show ether-errors - Displays the extended 64-bit statistics for errors on all Ethernet interfaces in the CSS.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Table 1-9 Field Descriptions for the show ether-errors Command (continued) Field Description Single Collision The number of successfully transmitted frames on the interface for transmissions that were inhibited by exactly one collision. Multiple Collisions The number of successfully transmitted frames on the interface for transmissions that were inhibited by more than one collision.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces Shutting Down an Interface To shut down an interface, use the admin-shutdown or shut command. Caution Shutting down an interface terminates all connections to the interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Interfaces To shut down all interfaces, enter: # admin-shutdown Restarting an Interface To restart an interface, use the no admin-shutdown or no shut command.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Configuring Circuits A circuit on the CSS is a logical entity that maps IP interfaces to a logical port or group of logical ports, for example, a VLAN. Each VLAN circuit requires an IP address. Assigning an IP address to each VLAN circuit allows the CSS to route Ethernet interfaces from VLAN to VLAN. Router Discovery Protocol (RDP) settings can also be configured for each circuit VLAN to advertise the CSS to hosts.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Configuring a Circuit IP Address To assign an IP address to a circuit, use the ip address command. Enter the IP address and a subnet mask in CIDR bit-count notation or a mask in dotted-decimal notation. The subnet mask range is 8 to 31. For example, to configure an IP address and subnet mask for VLAN7, enter: (config-circuit[VLAN7])# ip address 172.16.6.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Configuring Circuit-IP Redirects By default, the transmission of Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) redirect messages is enabled. To disable the transmission of ICMP redirect messages, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN7-172.16.6.58])# no redirects To reenable the transmission of ICMP redirect messages, use the redirects command. For example: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN7-172.16.6.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Use the router-discovery preference command to specify the preference level for the advertised CSS circuit IP address, relative to other devices on the same network. The value is an integer from 0 (default) to 65535. If you use the default value, you do not need to use this command. For example, to specify a router discovery preference value of 100, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN7-192.168.1.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits This section includes the following topics: • Configuring the Router-Discovery Lifetime • Configuring Router-Discovery Limited-Broadcast • Configuring the Router-Discovery Max-Advertisement-Interval • Configuring the Router-Discovery Min-Advertisement-Interval Configuring the Router-Discovery Lifetime By default, the maximum age that hosts remember router advertisements is three times the max-advertisement-interval.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Configuring the Router-Discovery Max-Advertisement-Interval By default, the maximum interval timer used for router discovery advertisement from the circuit VLAN is 600 (10 minutes). Use the router-discovery max-advertisement-interval command to configure the maximum interval timer used for router discovery advertisement from the circuit VLAN. This command defines the maximum interval, in seconds, between sending advertisements.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Showing Circuits Use the show circuits command to show circuit information.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring Circuits Showing IP Interfaces Use the show ip interfaces command to display configured IP interfaces on the CSS. The display includes the circuit state, IP address, broadcast address, Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) settings, and Router Discovery Program (RDP) settings. For example: # show ip interfaces Table 1-11 describes the fields in the show ip interfaces command output.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring RIP for an IP Interface Configuring RIP for an IP Interface You can configure Routing Information Protocol (RIP) attributes on each IP interface. To configure RIP parameters and run RIP on an IP interface, use the following routing commands within the specific circuit IP mode. The default mode is to send RIP version 2 (v2) and receive either RIP or RIP2. The timers used by RIP in the CSS include the following default values.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring RIP for an IP Interface Configuring a RIP Default Route By default, the CSS advertises a default route on an IP interface with a metric of 1. To advertise a default route on an IP interface with a specific metric, use the rip default-route command. You can also specify an optional metric in the command line. The CSS uses this metric when advertising a route. Enter a number from 1 to 15. For example: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN7-192.168.1.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring RIP for an IP Interface Configuring RIP Packet Logging By default, CSS of logging received or transmitted RIP packets on the interface is disabled. Use the rip log command to enable the CSS to log received or transmitted RIP packets on the interface.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring RIP for an IP Interface Table 1-12 describes the fields in the show rip command output. Table 1-12 Field Descriptions for the show rip Command Field Description IP Address The advertised RIP interface address. State The operational state of the RIP interface. RIP Send The RIP version that the interface sends.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring RIP for an IP Interface Table 1-13 describes the fields in the show rip globals command output.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature Configure the switched port analyzer (SPAN) feature on your CSS to mirror (copy) traffic passing through one CSS port (Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet) to another designated port of the same type and on the same CSS module for analysis. You can use SPAN for network troubleshooting or tuning using a network analyzer.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature Figure 1-3 shows an example of SPAN connectivity with a protocol analyzer connected to port 2/13 on a CSS. In this example, the CSS copies all packets received or transmitted on Fast Ethernet (FE) port 2/4 (SSPAN port) to FE port 2/13 (DSPAN port). The analyzer connected to DSPAN port 2/13 receives all network traffic that the SSPAN port receives or transmits.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature This section describes how to configure SPAN on a CSS. It includes the following topics: • Configuring SPAN on a CSS • Verifying the SPAN Configuration on a CSS Configuring SPAN on a CSS To configure SPAN on a CSS, use the setspan command.
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature If the combined traffic bandwidth of the ingress and egress traffic of the SSPAN port exceeds the bandwidth of the DSPAN port, the DSPAN port may become oversubscribed. Note • copyTxOnly - CSS copies to the DSPAN port only those packets that the SSPAN port transmits to the network (egress traffic).
Chapter 1 Configuring Interfaces and Circuits Configuring the Switched Port Analyzer Feature Table 1-15 Field Descriptions for the show setspan Command (continued) Field Description Direction Direction of the traffic that you want to monitor at the source port. The direction can be one of the following: • copyBoth - The CSS copies packets that are transmitted and received by the SSPAN port to the DSPAN port.
C H A P T E R 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS The CSS supports configuration of Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) bridging. Spanning-tree bridging detects, and then prevents, loops in the network. Use the bridge command to configure global spanning-tree bridging options for the CSS, such as bridge aging time, forward delay time, hello time interval, and maximum age. Make sure you configure the spanning-tree bridging parameters the same on all switches running STP in the network.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS CSS Spanning-Tree Bridging Quick Start This chapter contains the following major sections: • CSS Spanning-Tree Bridging Quick Start • Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Aging-Time • Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Forward-Time • Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Hello-Time • Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Max-Age • Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Priority • Disabling Bridge Spanning-Tree • Showing Bridge Configurations For details
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Aging-Time Table 2-1 Spanning-Tree Bridging Configuration Quick Start (continued) Task and Command Example 4. Set the bridge spanning-tree maximum age, in seconds. (config)# bridge max-age 21 5. Set the priority that the bridge spanning tree uses to choose the root bridge in the network. (config)# bridge priority 1700 6. (Recommended) Display bridge forwarding information.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Forward-Time Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Forward-Time The forward time is the delay time, in seconds, that all bridges use for forward delay when this bridge is acting as the root. By default, the bridge forward delay time is 4 seconds. Use the bridge forward-time command to set the bridge forward delay time. Enter an integer from 4 to 30.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Priority To set the bridge maximum age to 21, enter: (config)# bridge max-age 21 To restore the default maximum age of 6, enter: (config)# no bridge max-age Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridge Priority In spanning tree, the 2-octet field is prepended to the 6-octet MAC address to form an 8-octet bridge identifier.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Showing Bridge Configurations To disable spanning-tree bridging, enter: (config)# bridge spanning-tree disable To reenable spanning-tree bridging, enter: (config)# bridge spanning-tree enable Showing Bridge Configurations Use the show bridge forwarding command to display bridge forwarding information. Table 2-2 describes the fields in the show bridge forwarding command output.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Showing Bridge Configurations Table 2-3 Field Descriptions for the show bridge status Command (continued) Field Description Bridge ID The bridge ID of the bridge. Port The port ID. State The state of the port. The possible states are as follows: • Block - The blocking state. A port enters the blocking state after CSS initialization. The port does not participate in frame forwarding. • Listen - The listening state.
Chapter 2 Configuring Spanning-Tree Bridging for the CSS Showing Bridge Configurations Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide 2-8 OL-4580-01
C H A P T E R 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) This chapter provides configuration and viewing information for the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol. Information in this chapter applies to all CSS models, except where noted. Note The CSS supports OSPF Version 2, as defined in RFC 2178. For detailed information about OSPF MIB objects, refer to RFC 1850.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) OSPF Overview OSPF Overview OSPF is a link-state routing protocol that: • Provides network topology discovery within a group of routers and networks called an autonomous system (AS) • Calculates the shortest path to destinations within the AS As a link-state protocol, OSPF routers flood any change in routing information throughout the network.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) OSPF Overview OSPF Routing Hierarchy The OSPF routing hierarchy includes the following functions: • Autonomous systems • Areas, including the backbone and stub areas • Area Border Routers (ABRs) • Autonomous System Boundary Routers (ASBRs) Figure 3-1 illustrates an OSPF network topology.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) OSPF Overview Autonomous System The autonomous system (AS) is a collection of networks, under the same administrative control, that share the same routing information with each other. An AS is also referred to as a routing domain. Figure 3-1 shows two ASs: AS A and AS B. An AS can consist of one or more OSPF areas. Areas Areas allow the subdivision of an AS into smaller, more manageable networks or sets of adjacent networks.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) OSPF Overview Area Border Routers ABRs have multiple interfaces that connect directly to networks in two or more areas. An ABR runs a separate copy of the OSPF algorithm and maintains separate routing data for each area that is connected to it, including the backbone area. ABRs also send configuration summaries for their attached areas to the backbone area, which distributes this information to other OSPF areas in the autonomous system.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) OSPF Overview ASBR routes can be advertised as type1 or type2 ASE. The difference between type1 and type2 is how the cost is calculated. For a type2 ASE, only the external cost (metric) is used when comparing multiple paths to the same destination. For type1 ASE, the combination of the external cost and the cost to reach the ASBR is used. Link-State Databases OSPF routers advertise routes using LSAs.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start This section includes the following topics: • Global OSPF Configuration Quick Start • OSPF IP Interface Configuration Quick Start • Verifying Your Configuration Global OSPF Configuration Quick Start To perform the global OSPF configuration for the CSS, see the steps in Table 3-1.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start Table 3-1 Global OSPF Configuration Quick Start Task and Command Example 1. Configure the area router ID for the CSS in global configuration mode. In this example, the CSS router ID is 121.23.21.1. (config) ospf router-id 121.23.21.1 2. (Optional) If the CSS area is other than the backbone area, enter the area ID for the CSS. In this example, the area ID is 1.1.1.1. (config) ospf area 1.1.1.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start OSPF IP Interface Configuration Quick Start To configure OSPF on a CSS IP interface, see the steps in Table 3-2. In the most basic IP interface configuration, you need to perform only steps 1 through 4, and step 7 to: • Assign OSPF to the IP interface • Associate OSPF with the globally defined area, if this is an area other than the backbone area (0.0.0.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start Table 3-2 Configuration Quick Start for OSPF on a CSS Interface (continued) Task and Command Example 3. Create the IP interface to the circuit. To create an IP address of 3.1.2.2 with a subnet mask of /24, enter: (config-circuit[VLAN6])# ip address 3.1.2.2/24 Create ip interface <3.1.2.2>, [y/n]: y 4. Configure the IP interface as an OSPF interface. Enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN6-3.1.2.2])# ospf 5.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) CSS OSPF Configuration Quick Start Verifying Your Configuration To verify the OSPF global and interface configurations, use the show ospf command and its options. For example: • To show the OSPF global configuration, use the show ospf global command. For example: # show ospf global If the Admin Status field is disabled, use the ospf enable command to enable OSPF.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on the CSS Configuring OSPF on the CSS This section includes the following topics: • Configuring the OSPF Router ID • Enabling OSPF • Configuring an Area • Configuring Equal-Cost Routes • Configuring Summarized Routes at an ABR • Configuring the CSS as an Autonomous System Boundary Router Configuring the OSPF Router ID Before you enable OSPF on the CSS, configure the router ID.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on the CSS Enabling OSPF After you assign the router ID to the CSS, globally enable OSPF on the CSS. Use the ospf enable command to enable OSPF. For example: (config)# ospf enable To disable OSPF, enter: (config)# no ospf enable Configuring an Area By default, the CSS is configured to the backbone area automatically. The backbone area has a reserved ID of 0.0.0.0.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on the CSS To propagate summary LSAs in the stub area, include the send-summaries option. For example: (config)# ospf area 0.0.0.1 stub send-summaries Removing an Area To remove an OSPF area, disable OSPF, then use the no form of the ospf area command. For example: (config)# no ospf enable (config)# no ospf area 0.0.0.1 Configuring Equal-Cost Routes By default, the OSPF CSS is configured to use 15 equal-cost routes.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on the CSS Define an address range by specifying an IP address and subnet mask that represents networks in the area being summarized. E nter the IP address and subnet mask in dotted-decimal notation (for example, 192.168.128.0 255.255.224.0). You can also enter the mask in CIDR bit-count notation format (for example, /24). To configure the CSS as an ABR with an area ID of 0.1.0.1 with a collection of destinations between 192.168.0.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on the CSS To advertise a route as OSPF ASE through all OSPF interfaces or generate a default route, see the following sections.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on the CSS Start Is OSPF Enabled? Yes Are OSPF advertisements configured? No No Address IS NOT advertised No Address is advertised unconditionally Yes Address IS NOT advertised Is the advertised VIP defined in a rule or source group? Yes No VIP IS NOT advertised Is the corresponding virtual Router master? Is the VIP a redundant VIP? Yes No Yes Yes Is the VIP defined on a rule (or set of rules)? No Is at least one r
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on the CSS The ASBR can perform external route summarization to consolidate multiple routes into a single advertisement. For a CSS, this consolidation is useful when you want to advertise VIP addresses for content as OSPF AS external (ASE) through all OSPF interfaces. Use the ospf advertise command to advertise a route as OSPF ASE through all OSPF interfaces.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on the CSS Optionally, you can define any of the following: • The network cost for the route by including the metric option. Enter a number from 1 to 16777215. The default is 1. • A 32-bit tag value to advertise each external route by including the tag option. The 32-bit tag value is not used by the OSPF protocol itself. You can use the tag value to communicate information between ASBRs.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on the CSS !************************** SERVICE ************************** service c100 ip address 1.1.1.100 !IP address for critical service active service s1 ip address 2.1.1.1 !IP address for service s1 keepalive method get keepalive type http active service s2 ip address 2.1.1.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on the CSS Optionally, you can define any of the following: • The network cost for an OSPF default route by including the metric option. If a default route metric is defined, the router advertises itself as the default router to the area. Enter a number from 1 to 16,777,215. The default is 1. • A 32-bit tag value to advertise each external route by including the tag option.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface Optionally, you can define any of the following: • The network cost for the route by including the metric option. Enter a number from 1 to 16,777,215. The default is 1. • A 32-bit tag value to advertise each external route by including the tag option. The 32-bit tag value is not used by the OSPF protocol itself. You can use the tag value to communicate information between AS boundary routers.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface Configuring the CSS IP Interface as an OSPF Interface An OSPF interface is an IP interface that you configure to send and receive OSPF traffic. To configure the CSS IP interface as an OSPF interface, use the ospf command. Note You must enter the ospf command before the ospf enable command can take effect. To configure the CSS IP interface as an OSPF interface: 1.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface Assigning an OSPF Area to the Interface After you configure the IP interface as an OSPF interface, assign it to the area that you globally configured to the CSS. The default area is the backbone area with the ID of 0.0.0.0. If the area is other than the backbone, use the ospf area command to assign the interface to an OSPF area. For example, if the area is 0.0.0.1, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN6-3.1.2.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface • Setting the Retransmission Interval • Setting the Transit-Link Delay Setting the Cost To set the cost for sending a data packet on this interface, use the ospf cost command. The cost for the interface is a number from 0 to 65535. The default value of the cost for a given type of circuit is 108/interface speed. For a Gigabit Ethernet interface, the value is 1.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface The hello interval is the length of time, in seconds, between hello packets that the interface sends to its neighbor routers. The hello interval must be the same value for all routers attached to a common network. Use the ospf hello command to set the hello interval for the IP interface. Enter an integer from 1 to 65535. The default is 10 seconds.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Configuring OSPF on a CSS IP Interface For example, to set the poll interval to 200 seconds, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN6-3.1.2.2])# ospf poll 200 To reset the poll interval to the default value of 120 seconds, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN6-3.1.2.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information To set the retransmission interval to 10 seconds, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN6-3.1.2.2])# ospf retransmit 10 To reset the retransmit interval to the default value of 5 seconds, enter: (config-circuit-ip[VLAN6-3.1.2.2])# no ospf retransmit Setting the Transit-Link Delay Transit delay is the estimated number of seconds the CSS waits to transmit a link-state update packet over the OSPF interface.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Showing OSPF Area Information To show information about OSPF areas, enter: # show ospf areas Table 3-3 describes the fields in the show ospf areas command output.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Table 3-4 Field Descriptions for the show ospf global Command Field Description AS Boundary Router Indicates whether the CSS is an ASBR. True indicates the CSS is an ASBR; otherwise, the field displays False. External LSAs The number of external LSAs currently contained in the database. LSA Sent The number of LSAs sent by the CSS. LSA Received The number of LSAs received by the CSS.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Table 3-5 Field Descriptions for show ospf interfaces Command (continued) Field Description State The functional level of an interface. The state determines whether full adjacencies are allowed to form over the interface. The states include: • Down - The initial interface state. In this state, the lower-level protocols indicate the interface is unusable. No protocol traffic is sent or received on the interface.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Table 3-5 Field Descriptions for show ospf interfaces Command (continued) Field Description Priority The priority assigned to the interface advertised in the hello packets. When two routers attached to a network both attempt to become the designated router, the router with the highest priority takes precedence. A router whose priority is set to 0 is ineligible to become the designated router on the attached network.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Table 3-5 Field Descriptions for show ospf interfaces Command (continued) Field Description Transit Delay The number of seconds to transmit a Link State Update packet over an interface. LSAs contained in the Link State Update packet have their age incremented by this amount before transmission. This value should take into account transmission and propagation delays; the value must be greater than zero.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information To show the entire database, enter: # show ospf lsdb Table 3-6 describes the fields in the show ospf lsdb command output. Table 3-6 Field Descriptions for the show ospf lsdb Command Field Description Area The ID for the area. Type The link-state type. The types are as follows: Link State ID • ASB-Summary for summary LSAs originated by ABRs. The LSAs describe routes to ASBRs.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Table 3-6 Field Descriptions for the show ospf lsdb Command (continued) Field Description ADV Router This field specifies the OSPF Router ID of the LSA originator, as follows: • ASB-Summary LSAs, the originators are the ABRs • AS-external LSAs, the originators are ASBRs • Network LSAs, the originators are network-designated routers • Router LSAs, this field is identical to the Link State ID field • Summary LSAs, t
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Showing ASE Entries To show AS-external (ASE) entries in the LSDB, enter: # show ospf ase To find specific entries, pipe the output through the grep command. For example: show ospf ase|grep 10.10.10.0 Table 3-7 describes the fields in the show ospf ase command output.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Showing the Configured Advertised ASE Routes To show the configuration of ASE routes into OSPF, enter: # show ospf advertise To show the configuration of ASE routes into OSPF for a specific host, include the IP address or host and the subnet mask. Enter the address in dotted-decimal format (for example, 192.168.11.1) or mnemonic host-name format (for example, myname.mydomain.com).
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Showing the Redistribution Policy To show the configured redistribution policy into OSPF, enter: # show ospf redistribute Table 3-9 describes the fields in the show ospf redistribute command output.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Showing Summary Route Configuration Information To show the summary-route configuration information, enter: # show ospf range Table 3-10 describes the fields in the show ospf range command output. Table 3-10 Field Descriptions for the show ospf range Command Field Description Area ID The ID for the area. Lsdb Type The type of link-state database. For an ABR, the type is summaryLink.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Table 3-11 Field Descriptions for show ospf neighbors Command Field Description Address The IP address of the neighboring router’s interface to the attached network. This address is used as the destination IP address when protocol packets are sent as unicasts along this adjacency.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Table 3-11 Field Descriptions for show ospf neighbors Command (continued) Field Description State/Dr The state of a conversation being held with a neighboring router. The following states are listed in order of their progression. • Down - The initial state of a neighbor conversation. The Down state indicates that the CSS has received no recent information from the neighbor.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Showing OSPF Information Table 3-11 Field Descriptions for show ospf neighbors Command (continued) Field State/Dr (cont.) Description • Exchange - In this state, the CSS sends DD packets to the neighbor to describe its entire link-state database. Each DD packet has a DD sequence number and is explicitly acknowledged. Only one DD packet is allowed to be outstanding at any one time.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) OSPF Configuration in a Startup-Configuration File OSPF Configuration in a Startup-Configuration File The following example shows an OSPF configuration in a startup-configuration file. !*************************** GLOBAL *************************** ospf router-id 121.23.21.1 ospf enable ospf area 1.1.1.1 ospf as-boundary ospf advertise 192.168.4.15 255.255.255.
Chapter 3 Configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) OSPF Configuration in a Startup-Configuration File Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide 3-44 OL-4580-01
C H A P T E R 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol This chapter describes how to configure Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to statically configure the IP to Media Access Control (MAC) translations necessary for the CSS to send data to network nodes. You can configure static ARP mapping for any of the CSS Ethernet interface ports.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol ARP Configuration Quick Start ARP Configuration Quick Start Table 4-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to configure a static ARP map. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task. For a complete description of each feature and all the options associated with the CLI command, see the sections following Table 4-1. Table 4-1 ARP Configuration Quick Start Task and Command Example 1. Define a static ARP mapping.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Configuring ARP Mapping Configuring ARP Mapping To define a static ARP mapping, use the arp command. The syntax for this global configuration mode command is: arp ip_or_host mac_address interface {vlan} The variables and options are as follows: • ip_or_host - The IP address of the system for static mapping. Enter an IP address in dotted-decimal notation (for example, 192.168.11.1) or in mnemonic host-name format (for example, myhost.mydomain.com).
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Configuring ARP Timeout Configuring ARP Timeout To set the time, in seconds, to hold an ARP resolution result, use the arp timeout command. When you change the timeout value, this value affects only new ARP entries. All previous ARP entries retain the old timeout value. To remove all entries with the old timeout value, enter the clear arp cache command. Note This timeout value affects only dynamic ARP entries.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Updating ARP Parameters Updating ARP Parameters To update the file containing hosts reachable through ARP, use the update arp command. This command is available only in SuperUser mode. For example: # update arp file Clearing ARP Parameters The CSS enables you to clear ARP parameters for the ARP file or ARP cache. To clear the file that contains known hosts reachable through ARP, use the clear arp file command.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Showing ARP Information Showing ARP Information Use the show arp command to display ARP information. To show static ARP mapping when you use the show arp command, the IP route must exist in the routing table.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Showing ARP Information Table 4-2 describes the fields in the show arp command output. Table 4-2 Field Descriptions for the show arp Command Field Description IP Address The IP address of the system for ARP mapping. MAC Address The MAC address of the system mapped to the IP address. Type The resolution type for the entry: Dynamic or Static. The Dynamic resolution type indicates that the entry was discovered through the ARP protocol.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Showing ARP Information To display the global ARP configuration, enter: # show arp config Table 4-4 describes the fields in the show arp config command output. Table 4-4 Field Descriptions for the show arp config Command Field Description ARP Response Timeout The time, in seconds, to wait for an ARP resolution response before discarding the packet waiting to be forwarded to an address. The time can be from 5 to 30 seconds.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Showing ARP Information To display the resolution for a host IP address, enter: # show arp 192.50.1.
Chapter 4 Configuring the Address Resolution Protocol Showing ARP Information Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide 4-10 OL-4580-01
C H A P T E R 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol The CSS enables you to configure global Routing Information Protocol (RIP) attributes used to advertise routes on the CSS. By default, RIP advertises RIP routes and local routes for interfaces running RIP. The rip command advertises other routes. The timers used by RIP in the CSS include the following default values. These RIP timer values are not user-configurable in the CSS.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol RIP Configuration Quick Start RIP Configuration Quick Start Table 5-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to configure global RIP attributes for the CSS. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task. For a complete description of each feature and all the options associated with the CLI command, see the sections following Table 5-1. Table 5-1 RIP Configuration Quick Start Task and Command Example 1.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Configuring RIP Advertise Configuring RIP Advertise To advertise a route through RIP on the CSS, use the rip advertise command. The syntax for this command is: rip advertise ip_address subnet_mask {metric} The variables for this command are as follows: • ip_address - The IP address for the route prefix. Enter an IP address in dotted-decimal notation (for example, 192.168.1.0).
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Configuring Equal-Cost RIP Routes The options and variables for this command are as follows: • firewall - Advertises firewall routes through RIP. • local - Advertises local routes (interfaces not running RIP). • static - Advertises static routes configured for the Ethernet interface ports. • ospf - Advertises OSPF routes through RIP. • metric - (Optional) Metric to use when advertising this route. Enter a number from 1 to 15. The default is 1.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Showing RIP Configurations Showing RIP Configurations Use the show rip command to show a RIP configuration for one IP address or all IP addresses configured in the CSS.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Showing RIP Configurations Table 5-2 Field Descriptions for the show rip Command (continued) Field Description Tx Log The setting for logging RIP packet transmissions (enabled or disabled). The default setting is disabled. Rx Log The setting for logging RIP packets received (enabled or disabled). The default setting is disabled.
Chapter 5 Configuring Routing Information Protocol Showing RIP Configurations Table 5-4 describes the fields in the show rip statistics command output.
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C H A P T E R 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol This chapter provides information to configure the Internet Protocol (IP) for the CSS and contains the following major sections: • IP Configuration Quick Start • Configuring an IP Route • Disabling an Implicit Service for the Static Route Next Hop • Configuring an IP Source Route • Configuring the IP Record Route • Configuring Box-to-Box Redundancy • Configuring IP Equal-Cost Multipath • Forwarding IP Subnet Broadcast Addressed Frames • Co
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol IP Configuration Quick Start IP Configuration Quick Start Table 6-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to setup the IP configuration for the CSS. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task. For a complete description of each feature and all the options associated with the CLI command, see the sections following Table 6-1. Table 6-1 IP Configuration Quick Start Task and Command Example 1. Configure an IP route for the CSS.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring an IP Route The following running-configuration example shows the results of entering the commands in Table 6-1. !*************************** GLOBAL *************************** ip no-implicit-service ip redundancy ip subnet-broadcast ip route 192.168.0.0/16 192.167.1.1 1 Configuring an IP Route A static route consists of a destination network address and mask, as well as the next hop to reach the destination.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring an IP Route Use the ip route command to configure an IP route. You can configure a static route, a default static IP route, a blackhole route (where the CSS drops any packets addressed to the route), or a firewall IP route. Each ip route command requires one of the following: • An IP address and a subnet mask prefix; for example, 192.168.1.0 /24 • An IP address and a subnet mask; for example, 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring an IP Route • firewall - Configures a firewall route. The firewall option instructs the CSS to use firewall load balancing for this route. You can optionally set the administrative distance. Note • The CLI prevents you from configuring IP static routes with identical destinations and identical administrative costs, for IP static routes that are firewall routes and IP static routes that are not firewall routes.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Disabling an Implicit Service for the Static Route Next Hop Disabling an Implicit Service for the Static Route Next Hop By default, the CSS establishes an implicit (or internal) service for the gateway address when a static route is defined. When you do not want the CSS to start an implicit service for the next hop of a static route, use the ip no-implicit-service command.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring an IP Source Route Configuring an IP Source Route To enable the CSS to process frames with information that overrides the default routing, use the ip source-route command. For example: (config)# ip source-route Caution Enabling the ip source-route command may pose a major security risk to your network. The IP source route specifies information that overrides the default routing a packet would normally take. The packet could then bypass a firewall.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring Box-to-Box Redundancy The CSS does not load balance TCP or UDP packets with IP options that are destined to a VIP address. These packet types are dropped and the CSS returns an ICMP destination/port unreachable error. This behavior exists regardless of the state (enabled or disabled) of the ip record-route and ip source-route commands. The CSS, however, does respond to ICMP packets that are destined to a VIP address.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Forwarding IP Subnet Broadcast Addressed Frames The options for this global configuration mode command are as follows: • address - Choose among alternate paths based on IP addresses. For example: (config)# ip ecmp address • no-prefer-ingress - Do not prefer the ingress path of a flow for its reverse egress path. By default, the ingress path for a flow is the preferred egress path.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring IP Unconditional Bridging Caution Enabling the CSS to forward the subnet broadcast can make the subnet susceptible to “smurf” attacks; an attacker sends an ICMP echo request frame using a subnet broadcast address as a destination and a forged address as the source. If a “smurf” attack is successful, all the destination subnet hosts reply to the echo and flood the path back to the source.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Configuring IP Opportunistic Layer 3 Forwarding For example, Figure 6-1 shows a CSS connected to VLAN1 and VLAN2. Each VLAN has an end station and an uplink to Router1. End stations A and B both point to Router1 as their default router. When End Station A transmits a packet to End Station B, it uses its default route to Router1. The packet contains Router1’s destination MAC address.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information • disabled - The CSS does not perform opportunistic Layer 3 forwarding. Regular Layer 3 forwarding is performed only for packets that contain the CSS destination MAC address.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Showing IP Global Configuration Parameters Use the show ip config command to display IP global configuration parameters. These parameters show the state (enabled or disabled) of the source route option, forward IP broadcasts, record-route option, and IP route change logging. The show ip config command also shows the value for the orphaned route timer. Table 6-2 describes the fields in the show ip config output.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Showing IP Interface Information Use the show ip interfaces command to display configured IP interfaces on the CSS. The display includes the circuit state, IP address, broadcast address, Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) settings, and Router Discovery Program (RDP) settings. Table 6-3 describes the fields in the show ip interfaces command output.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Showing IP Routing Information Use the show ip routes command to display IP routing information. The syntax and options for this command are as follows: • show ip routes - Displays the entire routing table, including host IP address, next hop, interface, route type, protocol, age (in seconds), and metric. • show ip routes firewall - Displays all firewall routes. • show ip routes local - Displays all local routes.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-4 Field Descriptions for the show ip routes Command (continued) Field Description If The Index value that identifies the local interface through which the next hop of this route should be reached. Type The type of the route entry. The possible types are as follows: • local - Local interface • remote - Remote destination • mgmt - Management interface Proto The protocol for the route.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-5 Field Descriptions for the show ip statistics Command (continued) Field Description TCP Statistics Retransmit Algorithm The algorithm used to determine the timeout value for retransmitting unacknowledged octets. Max Retransmit Time The maximum value permitted by a TCP implementation for the retransmission timeout, measured in milliseconds.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-5 Field Descriptions for the show ip statistics Command (continued) Field Description Input Segments The total number of segments received, including those received in error. This count includes segments received on currently established connections.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-5 Field Descriptions for the show ip statistics Command (continued) Field Description Echo Requests Out The number of transmitted ICMP Echo request messages. Typically, when the CSS transmits an ICMP request, both the Echo Requests Out and the Echo Replies In counters increment as a pair for the ICMP request out and ICMP reply in packets. Echo Replies Out The number of transmitted ICMP Echo reply messages.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-5 Field Descriptions for the show ip statistics Command (continued) Field Description Replies Out The sending ARP reply packet count. In Off Subnet The number of received ARP packets with sender or target addresses outside of the subnet range of the receiving interface. Unresolved The number of processed IP frames with unresolved next hop MAC addresses.
Chapter 6 Configuring the Internet Protocol Showing IP Configuration Information Table 6-6 Field Descriptions for the show ip summary Command (continued) Field Description Total Hosts The current number of host entries, both reachable and unreachable. Total Memory in use - IP Routing Memory Pool The total amount of memory in bytes allocated for the IP routing table. When there are no additional free entries in the memory pool, more memory is allocated to the pool.
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C H A P T E R 7 Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol The Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is a medium-independent protocol that runs over Layer 2 (the data link layer) on the CSS and other Cisco manufactured equipment, such as routers, switches, bridges, and access servers. Use the cdp global configuration command to allow the CSS to advertise itself to all other neighboring Cisco CDP-compatible devices on a network.
Chapter 7 Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol CDP Configuration Quick Start This chapter contains the following major sections: • CDP Configuration Quick Start • Enabling CDP • Setting the CDP Hold Time • Setting the CDP Transmission Rate • Showing CDP Information CDP Configuration Quick Start Table 7-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to configure CDP for the CSS. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task.
Chapter 7 Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol Enabling CDP The following running-configuration example shows the results of entering the commands in Table 7-1. !*************************** GLOBAL *************************** cdp run cdp holdTime 255 cdp timer 120 Enabling CDP By default, CDP is disabled for the CSS. Use the cdp run global configuration command to enable CDP transmissions from the CSS to other neighboring Cisco CDP-compatible devices on the network.
Chapter 7 Configuring the Cisco Discovery Protocol Setting the CDP Transmission Rate Setting the CDP Transmission Rate By default, the frequency at which the CSS transmits CDP packets to all receiving CDP-compatible devices is 60 seconds. To specify the frequency at which the CSS transmits CDP packets to all receiving CDP-compatible devices, use the cdp timer global configuration command. Valid entries are 5 to 254 seconds.
C H A P T E R 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) servers provide configuration parameters to DHCP clients. When DHCP clients and associated servers do not reside on the same IP network or subnet, a DHCP relay agent can transfer DHCP messages between them. To configure a DHCP relay agent on a CSS, define DHCP server destinations on a circuit and enable the DHCP relay agent on the circuit.
Chapter 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent DHCP Relay Agent Configuration Quick Start DHCP Relay Agent Configuration Quick Start Table 8-1 provides a quick overview of the steps required to configure the DHCP relay agent for the circuit. Each step includes the CLI command required to complete the task. For a complete description of each feature and all the options associated with the CLI command, see the sections following Table 8-1.
Chapter 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent Adding a DHCP Destination on a Circuit Adding a DHCP Destination on a Circuit A CSS circuit acts as the DHCP relay agent. For each circuit on the CSS, you can configure a maximum of five DHCP destinations. The initial DHCP broadcast request is sent to all of the configured destinations. Do not configure a relay destination on a circuit when the relay destination is directly connected to or reachable from one of the ports on the same circuit.
Chapter 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent Defining the Hops Field Value for Forwarding DHCP Messages Defining the Hops Field Value for Forwarding DHCP Messages The CSS forwards or discards a DHCP message based on the hops field value in the BOOTP header. When messages have values in the hops fields that exceed the maximum value set on the CSS, the CSS discards the message. Use the dhcp-agent max-hops global configuration command to set the maximum allowable number in the hops field.
Chapter 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent Displaying the DHCP Relay Configuration Table 8-2 Field Descriptions for the show dhcp-relay-agent global Command Field Description IfAddress The interface address for the circuit. DHCP State The DHCP relay agent state on the circuit (Enabled or Disabled). Relay destination The DHCP relay destination address for the server. Each circuit can have five destination addresses.
Chapter 8 Configuring the DHCP Relay Agent Displaying the DHCP Relay Configuration Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide 8-6 OL-4580-01
I N D EX bridge A aging time, configuring 2-3 aging time, configuring for bridging 2-3 forward-time 2-4 ARP hello-time, configuring 2-4 clearing parameters 4-5 interface to a VLAN, configuring 1-11 configuring for CSS 4-3 max age, configuring 2-4, 2-5 displaying information 4-6 pathcost, configuring 1-15 running-config example 4-2 priority, configuring (for an interface) 1-15 timeout, configuring 4-4 priority, configuring (for CSS) 2-5 updating parameters 4-5 showing configurations 2-6 wa
Index circuit CLI configuring 1-31 configuring DHCP relay destination 8-3 displaying DHCP relay information 8-4 enabling or disabling DHCP relay agent 8-3 IP address, removing from circuit 1-32 IP interface, configuring 1-31 overview 1-1 quick start 1-4 router-discovery lifetime 1-35 router-discovery limited broadcast 1-35 router-discovery max-advertisement interval 1-36 conventions xx configuration quick start initial CSS configuration 2-2, 4-2, 5-2, 6-2, 7-2, 8-2 interface and circuit 1-4 OSPF 3-7 co
Index 11503, 11506, and 11800 slot/port designation 1-7 obtaining xxi ARP, configuring for CSS 4-3 related xvii ordering xxi CDP, configuring 7-1 set xvii opportunistic layer 3 forwarding 6-10 RIP, configuring 5-1 symbols and conventions xx duplex, configuring for interface 1-8 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) configuring CSS relay agent 8-1 D configuring destinations 8-3 default IP route, configuring 6-3 displaying relay configuration information 8-4 default VLAN, restoring 1-11, 1-1
Index showing Ethernet errors 1-27 H shutting down 1-29 hello time, configuring for bridging 2-4 speed, configuring 1-8 starting 1-30 trunking to VLAN 1-11 I IP ICMP redirect message transmission, disabling 1-33 implicit service, disabling 6-6 interface address, removing from circuit 1-32 box-to-box redundancy, configuring 6-8 configuration, showing 6-13 record route, configuring 6-7 auto-negotiate 1-8 route, configuring 6-3 bridging to VLAN 1-11 route, displaying configurations 6-15 configurin
Index O viewing configured advertised ASE routes 3-36, 3-37 opportunistic layer 3 forwarding viewing global statistics 3-29 configuration example 6-10 viewing interface information 3-30 configuring 6-10 viewing link-state database information 3-33 viewing neighbors 3-39 OSPF advertising other routes through OSPF 3-21 viewing redistribution policy 3-38 area border routers 3-5 viewing summary-route configuration 3-39 OSPF global areas 3-4 running-config example 3-8 autonomous system 3-4 autonom
Index OSPF IP interface protocol running-config example 3-10 ARP, configuring 4-1 CDP, configuring 7-1 IP, configuring 6-1 P publications, obtaining additional xxiv packet storms, preventing 2-5 panning-tree bridging running-config example 2-3 pathcost, configuring for bridging 1-15 Q quick start port interface and circuit 1-4 analyzing 1-44 OSPF 3-7 auto-negotiate 1-8 configuring Port Fast 1-16 DSPAN 1-44 R enabling BPDU guard 1-17 redundancy, disabling 6-8 enabling Port Fast 1-17 removin
Index default broadcast IP address 1-32 max-advertisement-interval, restoring default value 1-36 default path cost 1-13, 1-15 default VLAN 1-11 min-advertisement-interval, configuring 1-36 router-discovery advertisement interval timers 1-36 preference, configuring 1-33 router discovery default 1-34 preference, restoring default value 1-34 router-discovery max-advertisement-interval default value 1-36 running-config example ARP 4-2 router discovery preference 1-34 CDP 7-3 RIP DHCP relay agent 8
Index OSPF configured advertised ASE routes 3-36, 3-37 statistics Ethernet interface errors 1-27 OSPF global statistics 3-29 interface 1-24 OSPF interface information 3-30 IP 6-16, 6-20 OSPF link-state database information 3-33 MIB-II (interface) 1-24 OSPF neighbors 3-39 OSPF global 3-29 OSPF redistribution policy 3-38 OSPF summary-route configuration 3-39 RIP 1-41, 5-5, 5-6 switched port analyzer.
Index W warning symbol overview xx Z zero, resetting Ethernet statistics to 1-27 Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide OL-4580-01 IN-9
Index Cisco Content Services Switch Routing and Bridging Configuration Guide IN-10 OL-4580-01
