ADMINISTRATION GUIDE Cisco Small Business 200 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide Release 1.
Contents Chapter 1: Getting Started 1 Starting the Web-based Configuration Utility Launching the Configuration Utility 1 2 HTTP/HTTPS 3 Logging Out 4 Quick Start Device Configuration 5 Interface Naming Conventions 5 Window Navigation 7 Application Header 7 Management Buttons 9 Chapter 2: Status and Statistics 12 Viewing Ethernet Interfaces 12 Viewing Etherlike Statistics 13 Viewing 802.
Contents Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language Upgrade/Backing Firmware or Language File Download/Backup Configuration/Log 35 36 39 Configuration File Backwards Compatibility 39 Downloading or Backing-up a Configuration or Log File 40 Configuration Files Properties 44 Copy/Save Configuration 45 DHCP Auto Configuration 47 DHCP Server Options 48 Auto Configuration Download Protocol (TFTP or SCP) 48 SSH Client Authentication Parameters 48 Auto Configuration Process 49 Configuring DHCP Auto Co
Contents Adding a Unicast SNTP Server 69 Configuring the SNTP Mode 72 Defining SNTP Authentication 72 Chapter 7: Administration: Diagnostics 74 Testing Copper Ports 74 Displaying Optical Module Status 76 MSA-compatible SFPs 76 Configuring Port and VLAN Mirroring 77 Viewing CPU Utilization and Secure Core Technology 79 Chapter 8: Administration: Discovery Configuring Bonjour Discovery Bonjour in Layer 2 System Mode 80 80 80 LLDP and CDP 81 Configuring LLDP 82 LLDP Overview 83 Setti
Contents Chapter 9: Port Management 112 Configuring Ports 112 Setting Port Configuration 113 Configuring Link Aggregation 116 Link Aggregation Overview 116 Load Balancing 116 Default Settings and Configuration 117 Static and Dynamic LAG Workflow 118 Defining LAG Management 118 Configuring LAG Settings 119 Configuring LACP 121 LACP Priority and Rules 121 LACP With No Link Partner 121 Setting LACP Parameter Settings 122 Configuring Green Ethernet 123 Green Ethernet Overview 123
Contents Identifying Smartport Type Using CDP/LLDP Information to Identify Smartport Types 139 140 Multiple Devices Attached to the Port 141 Persistent Auto Smartport Interface 142 Error Handling 142 Default Configuration 142 Relationships with Other Features and Backwards Compatibility 143 Common Smartport Tasks 143 Configuring Smartport Using The Web-based Interface 145 Smartport Properties 146 Smartport Type Settings 147 Smartport Interface Settings Built-in Smartport Macros Chapte
Contents Voice VLAN Overview 179 Dynamic Voice VLAN Modes 181 Voice End-Points 182 Auto Voice VLAN, Auto Smartports, CDP, and LLDP 182 Voice VLAN QoS 184 Voice VLAN Constraints 184 Voice VLAN Workflows 185 Configuring Voice VLAN 186 Configuring Voice VLAN Properties 186 Displaying Auto Voice VLAN Settings 188 Configuring Telephony OUI 190 Adding OUIs to the Telephony OUI Table 190 Adding Interfaces to Voice VLAN on Basis of OUIs 191 Chapter 13: Spanning Tree 194 STP Flavors 194
Contents Configuring IGMP Snooping 214 MLD Snooping 216 Querying IGMP/MLD IP Multicast Group 218 Defining Multicast Router Ports 219 Defining Forward All Multicast 220 Defining Unregistered Multicast Settings 221 Chapter 16: IP Configuration Overview 224 224 Layer 2 IP Addressing 224 IPv4 Management and Interfaces 225 Defining an IPv4 Interface 225 ARP 227 228 IPv6 Global Configuration 229 IPv6 Interface 229 IPv6 Tunnel 232 Configuring Tunnels 233 Defining IPv6 Addresses 234
Contents Defaults 248 Interactions With Other Features 249 Radius Workflow 249 Configuring Management Access Authentication 251 Defining Management Access Method 252 Active Access Profile 253 Defining Profile Rules 255 SSL Server 257 SSL Overview 257 Default Settings and Configuration 258 SSL Server Authentication Settings 258 Configuring TCP/UDP Services 259 Defining Storm Control 261 Configuring Port Security 262 Configuring 802.1X 265 802.
Contents Protection Methods Passwords 277 277 Public/Private Keys 278 Import Keys 278 SSH Server Authentication 279 SSH Client Authentication 280 Supported Algorithms 280 Before You Begin 281 Common Tasks 281 SSH Client Configuration Through the GUI 283 SSH User Authentication 283 SSH Server Authentication 284 Modifying the User Password on the SSH Server 284 Chapter 19: Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management Introduction SSD Management SSD Rules 286 286 287 287 Elements of a
Contents Running Configuration File 297 Backup and Mirror Configuration File 298 Sensitive Data Zero-Touch Auto Configuration 299 SSD Management Channels 300 Menu CLI and Password Recovery 301 Configuring SSD 301 SSD Properties 301 SSD Rules 302 Chapter 20: Quality of Service 304 QoS Features and Components 305 QoS Operation 305 QoS Workflow 306 Configuring QoS - General 306 Setting QoS Properties 306 Interface QoS Settings 308 Configuring QoS Queues 308 Mapping CoS/802.
Contents Configuring SNMP Views 325 Creating SNMP Groups 327 Managing SNMP Users 329 Defining SNMP Communities 331 Defining Trap Settings 333 Notification Recipients 333 Defining SNMPv1,2 Notification Recipients 334 Defining SNMPv3 Notification Recipients 335 SNMP Notification Filters Cisco Small Business 200 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 337 12
Contents Cisco Small Business 200 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide 13
1 Getting Started This section provides an introduction to the web-based configuration utility, and covers the following topics: • Starting the Web-based Configuration Utility • Quick Start Device Configuration • Interface Naming Conventions • Window Navigation Starting the Web-based Configuration Utility This section describes how to navigate the web-based switch configuration utility. If you are using a pop-up blocker, make sure it is disabled.
Getting Started Starting the Web-based Configuration Utility 1 Launching the Configuration Utility To open the web-based configuration utility: STEP 1 Open a Web browser. STEP 2 Enter the IP address of the device you are configuring in the address bar on the browser, and then press Enter. NOTE When the device is using the factory default IP address of 192.168.1.254, its power LED flashes continuously.
1 Getting Started Starting the Web-based Configuration Utility STEP 3 If this is the first time that you logged on with the default user ID (cisco) and the default password (cisco) or your password has expired, the Change Password Page appears. See Password Expiration for additional information. STEP 4 Choose whether to select Disable Password Complexity Enforcement or not. For more information on password complexity, see the Setting Password Complexity Rules section.
Getting Started Starting the Web-based Configuration Utility 1 Logging Out By default, the application logs out after ten minutes of inactivity. You can change this default value as described in the Defining Idle Session Timeout section. ! CAUTION Unless the Running Configuration is copied to the Startup Configuration, rebooting the device will remove all changes made since the last time the file was saved.
1 Getting Started Quick Start Device Configuration Quick Start Device Configuration To simplify device configuration through quick navigation, the Getting Started page provides links to the most commonly used pages.
1 Getting Started Interface Naming Conventions • • Type of interface: The following types of interfaces are found on the various types of devices: - Fast Ethernet (10/100 bits)—These are displayed as FE. - Gigabit Ethernet ports (10/100/1000 bits)—These are displayed as GE. - LAG (Port Channel)—These are displayed as LAG. - VLAN—These are displayed as VLAN. - Tunnel —These are displayed as Tunnel.
1 Getting Started Window Navigation Window Navigation This section describes the features of the web-based switch configuration utility. Application Header The Application Header appears on every page. It provides the following application links: Application Links Application Link Name Description A flashing red X icon displayed to the left of the Save application link indicates that Running Configuration changes have been made that have not yet been saved to the Startup Configuration file.
1 Getting Started Window Navigation Application Links (Continued) Application Link Name Description Language Menu This menu provides the following options: • Select a language: Select one of the languages that appear in the menu. This language will be the webbased configuration utility language. • Download Language: Add a new language to the device. • Delete Language: Deletes the second language on the device. The first language (English) cannot be deleted.
1 Getting Started Window Navigation Management Buttons The following table describes the commonly-used buttons that appear on various pages in the system. Management Buttons Button Name Description Use the pull-down menu to configure the number of entries per page. Indicates a mandatory field. 9 Add Click to display the related Add page and add an entry to a table. Enter the information and click Apply to save it to the Running Configuration. Click Close to return to the main page.
1 Getting Started Window Navigation Management Buttons (Continued) Button Name Description Copy Settings A table typically contains one or more entries containing configuration settings. Instead of modifying each entry individually, it is possible to modify one entry and then copy the selected entry to multiple entries, as described below: 1. Select the entry to be copied. Click Copy Settings to display the popup. 2. Enter the destination entry numbers in the to field. 3.
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2 Status and Statistics This section describes how to view device statistics. It covers the following topics: • Viewing Ethernet Interfaces • Viewing Etherlike Statistics • Viewing 802.1X EAP Statistics • Managing RMON Viewing Ethernet Interfaces The Interface page displays traffic statistics per port. The refresh rate of the information can be selected. This page is useful for analyzing the amount of traffic that is both sent and received and its dispersion (Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast).
2 Status and Statistics Viewing Etherlike Statistics - 60 Sec—Statistics are refreshed every 60 seconds. The Receive Statistics area displays information about incoming packets. • Total Bytes (Octets)—Octets received, including bad packets and FCS octets, but excluding framing bits. • Unicast Packets—Good Unicast packets received. • Multicast Packets—Good Multicast packets received. • Broadcast Packets—Good Broadcast packets received. • Packets with Errors—Packets with errors received.
2 Status and Statistics Viewing 802.1X EAP Statistics • Interface—Select the type of interface and specific interface for which Ethernet statistics are to be displayed. • Refresh Rate—Select the amount of time that passes before the Etherlike statistics are refreshed. The fields are displayed for the selected interface. • Frame Check Sequence (FCS) Errors—Received frames that failed the CRC (cyclic redundancy checks).
2 Status and Statistics Viewing 802.1X EAP Statistics STEP 1 Click Status and Statistics > 802.1x EAP. STEP 2 Select the Interface that is polled for statistics. STEP 3 Select the time period (Refresh Rate) that passes before the EAP statistics are refreshed. The values are displayed for the selected interface. • EAPOL Frames Received—Valid EAPOL frames received on the port. • EAPOL Frames Transmitted—Valid EAPOL frames transmitted by the port.
2 Status and Statistics Managing RMON Managing RMON RMON (Remote Networking Monitoring) is an SNMP specification that enables an SNMP agent in the device to proactively monitor traffic statistics over a given period and send traps to an SNMP manager. The local SNMP agent compares actual, real-time counters against predefined thresholds and generates alarms, without the need for polling by a central SNMP management platform.
2 Status and Statistics Managing RMON To view RMON statistics and/or set the refresh rate: STEP 1 Click Status and Statistics > RMON > Statistics. STEP 2 Select the Interface for which Ethernet statistics are to be displayed. STEP 3 Select the Refresh Rate, the time period that passes before the interface statistics are refreshed. The statistics are displayed for the selected interface. 17 • Bytes Received—Number of octets received, including bad packets and FCS octets, but excluding framing bits.
2 Status and Statistics Managing RMON • Collisions—Number of collisions received. If Jumbo Frames are enabled, the threshold of Jabber Frames is raised to the maximum size of Jumbo Frames. • Frames of 64 Bytes—Number of frames, containing 64 bytes that were received. • Frames of 65 to 127 Bytes—Number of frames, containing 65-127 bytes that were received. • Frames of 128 to 255 Bytes—Number of frames, containing 128-255 bytes that were received.
2 Status and Statistics Managing RMON To enter RMON control information: STEP 1 Click Status and Statistics > RMON > History. The fields displayed on this page are defined in the Add RMON History page, below. The only field is that is on this page and not defined in the Add page is: • Current Number of Samples—RMON is allowed by standard to not grant all requested samples, but rather to limit the number of samples per request.
2 Status and Statistics Managing RMON The fields are displayed for the selected sample. • Owner—History table entry owner. • Sample No.—Statistics were taken from this sample. • Drop Events—Dropped packets due to lack of network resources during the sampling interval. This may not represent the exact number of dropped packets, but rather the number of times dropped packets were detected. • Bytes Received—Octets received including bad packets and FCS octets, but excluding framing bits.
2 Status and Statistics Managing RMON • Alarms Page—Configures the occurrences that trigger an alarm. To define RMON events: STEP 1 Click Status and Statistics > RMON > Events. This page displays previously defined events. STEP 2 Click Add. STEP 3 Enter the parameters. • Event Entry—Displays the event entry index number for the new entry. • Community—Enter the SNMP community string to be included when traps are sent (optional). • Description—Enter a name for the event.
2 Status and Statistics Managing RMON Viewing the RMON Events Logs The Event Log Table page displays the log of events (actions) that occurred. Two types of events can be logged: Log or Log and Trap. The action in the event is performed when the event is bound to an alarm (see the Alarms page) and the conditions of the alarm have occurred. STEP 1 Click Status and Statistics > RMON > Events. STEP 2 Click Event Log Table. This page displays the following fields: • Event Entry No.—Event’s log entry number.
2 Status and Statistics Managing RMON To enter RMON alarms: STEP 1 Click Status and Statistics > RMON > Alarms. All previously-defined alarms are displayed. The fields are described in the Add RMON Alarm page below. In addition to those fields, the following field appears: • Counter Value—Displays the value of the statistic during the last sampling period. STEP 2 Click Add. STEP 3 Enter the parameters. 23 • Alarm Entry—Displays the alarm entry number.
2 Status and Statistics Managing RMON • Interval—Enter the alarm interval time in seconds. • Owner—Enter the name of the user or network management system that receives the alarm. STEP 4 Click Apply. The RMON alarm is saved to the Running Configuration file.
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3 Administration: System Log This section describes the System Log feature, which enables the device to generate several independent logs. Each log is a set of messages describing system events. The device generates the following local logs: • Log sent to the console interface. • Log written into a cyclical list of logged events in the RAM and erased when the device reboots. • Log written to a cyclical log-file saved to the Flash memory and persists across reboots.
3 Administration: System Log Setting System Log Settings The event severity levels are listed from the highest severity to the lowest severity, as follows: • Emergency—System is not usable. • Alert—Action is needed. • Critical—System is in a critical condition. • Error—System is in error condition. • Warning—System warning has occurred. • Notice—System is functioning properly, but a system notice has occurred. • Informational—Device information. • Debug—Detailed information about an event.
3 Administration: System Log Setting Remote Logging Settings • Originator Identifier—Enables adding an origin identifier to SYSLOG messages. The options are: - None—Do not include the origin identifier in SYSLOG messages. - Hostname—Include the system hostname in SYSLOG messages. - IPv4 Address—Include the IPv4 address of the sending interface in SYSLOG messages. - IPv6 Address—Include the IPv6 address of the sending interface in SYSLOG messages.
3 Administration: System Log Viewing Memory Logs - Link Local—The IPv6 address uniquely identifies hosts on a single network link. A link local address has a prefix of FE80, is not routable, and can be used for communication only on the local network. Only one link local address is supported. If a link local address exists on the interface, this entry replaces the address in the configuration. - Global—The IPv6 address is a global Unicast IPV6 type that is visible and reachable from other networks.
3 Administration: System Log Viewing Memory Logs RAM Memory The RAM Memory page displays all messages that were saved in the RAM (cache) in chronological order. Entries are stored in the RAM log according to the configuration in the Log Settings page. To view log entries, click Status and Statistics > View Log > RAM Memory. The top of the page has a button that allows you to Disable Alert Icon Blinking. Click to toggle between disable and enable.
3 31 Administration: System Log Viewing Memory Logs Cisco Small Business 200 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide
4 Administration: File Management This section describes how system files are managed. The following topics are covered: • System Files • Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language • Download/Backup Configuration/Log • Configuration Files Properties • Copy/Save Configuration • DHCP Auto Configuration System Files System files are files that contain configuration information, firmware images or boot code.
4 Administration: File Management System Files When a configuration is referenced on the device, it is referenced by its configuration file type (such as Startup Configuration or Running Configuration), as opposed to a file name that can be modified by the user. Content can be copied from one configuration file type to another, but the names of the file types cannot be changed by the user. Other files on the device include firmware, boot code, and log files, and are referred to as operational files.
Administration: File Management System Files 4 Only the system can copy the Startup Configuration to the Mirror Configuration. However, you can copy from the Mirror Configuration to other file types or to another device. The option of automatically copying the Running Configuration to the mirror configuration can be disabled in the Configuration Files Properties page.
4 Administration: File Management Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language This section covers the following topics: • Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language • Download/Backup Configuration/Log • Configuration Files Properties • Copy/Save Configuration • DHCP Auto Configuration Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language The Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language process can be used to: • Upgrade or backup the firmware image. • Upgrade or backup the boot code. • Import or upgrade a second language file.
4 Administration: File Management Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language Upgrade/Backing Firmware or Language File To upgrade or backup a software image or language file: STEP 1 Click Administration > File Management > Upgrade/Backup Firmware/ Language. STEP 2 Click the Transfer Method. Proceed as follows: • If you selected TFTP, go to STEP 3. • If you selected via HTTP/HTTPS, go to STEP 4. • If you selected via SCP, go to STEP 5.
4 Administration: File Management Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language • Link Local Interface—Select the link local interface (if IPv6 is used) from the list. • TFTP Server IP Address/Name—Enter the IP address or the domain name of the TFTP server. • (For Upgrade) Source File Name—Enter the name of the source file. • (For Backup) Destination File Name—Enter the name of the backup file. STEP 4 If you selected via HTTP/HTTPS, you can only Upgrade. Enter the parameters as described in this step.
4 Administration: File Management Upgrade/Backup Firmware/Language Select one of the following Save Actions: • Upgrade—Specifies that the file type on the device is to be replaced with a new version of that file type located on a TFTP server. • Backup—Specifies that a copy of the file type is to be saved to a file on another device. Enter the following fields: • File Type—Select the destination file type. Only valid file types are shown.
4 Administration: File Management Download/Backup Configuration/Log • If SSH server authentication is not enabled, the operation succeeds for any SCP server. Download/Backup Configuration/Log The Download/Backup Configuration/Log page enables: • Backing up configuration files or logs from the device to an external device. • Restoring configuration files from an external device to the device.
4 Administration: File Management Download/Backup Configuration/Log Otherwise, if the System mode is changed, the following cases are possible: • - If the configuration file is downloaded onto the device (using the Download/Backup Configuration/Log page), the operation is aborted, and a message is displayed indicating that the System mode must be changed in the System Mode and Stack Management page.
4 Administration: File Management Download/Backup Configuration/Log - Global—The IPv6 address is a global Unicast IPV6 type that is visible and reachable from other networks. d. Link-Local Interface—Select the link local interface from the list. e. TFTP Server—Enter the IP address of the TFTP server. f. Source File Name—Enter the source file name. File names cannot contain slashes (\ or /), cannot start with a period (.), and must include between 1 and 160 characters.
4 Administration: File Management Download/Backup Configuration/Log - Plaintext—Include sensitive data in the backup in its plaintext form. NOTE The available sensitive data options are determined by the current user SSD rules. For details, refer to Secure Sensitive Data Management > SSD Rules page. h. Destination File Name—Enter the destination file name. File names cannot contain slashes (\ or /), the leading letter of the file name must not be a period (.
4 Administration: File Management Download/Backup Configuration/Log STEP 5 f you selected via SCP (Over SSH), see SSH Client Configuration Through the GUI for instructions. Then enter the following fields: • Remote SSH Server Authentication—To enable SSH server authentication (it is disabled by default), click Edit, which takes you to the SSH Server Authentication page to configure this, and return to this page.
4 Administration: File Management Configuration Files Properties If Save Action is Download (replacing the file on the device with a new version from another device), enter the following fields. • Source File Name—Enter the name of the source file. • Destination File Type—Select the configuration file type. Only valid file types are displayed. (The file types are described in the Files and File Types section).
4 Administration: File Management Copy/Save Configuration ITo set whether mirror configuration files will be created, clear configuration files and see when configuration files were created: STEP 1 Click Administration > File Management > Configuration Files Properties. STEP 2 If required, disable Auto Mirror Configuration. This disables the automatic creation of mirror configuration files. When disabling this feature, the mirror configuration file, if it exists, is deleted.
4 Administration: File Management Copy/Save Configuration The following combinations of copying internal file types are allowed: • From the Running Configuration to the Startup Configuration or Backup Configuration. • From the Startup Configuration to the Running Configuration, Startup Configuration or Backup Configuration. • From the Backup Configuration to the Running Configuration, Startup Configuration or Backup Configuration.
4 Administration: File Management DHCP Auto Configuration DHCP Auto Configuration Auto configuration enables passing configuration information to hosts on a TCP/IP network. Based on this protocol, the Auto Configuration feature enables a device to download configuration files from a TFTP/SCP server. The device can be configured as a DHCPv4 client in which auto configuration from a DHCPv4 server is supported and/or a DHCPv6 client in which auto configuration from a DHCPv6 server is supported.
Administration: File Management DHCP Auto Configuration 4 DHCP Server Options DHCP messages might contain the configuration server name/address and the configuration file name/path (these are optional options). These options are found in the Offer message coming from the DHCPv4 servers and in the Information Reply messages coming from DHCPv6 servers. Backup information (configuration server name/address and configuration file name/path) can be configured in the Auto Configuration page.
4 Administration: File Management DHCP Auto Configuration NOTE The SSH Client authentication parameters can also be used when downloading a file for manual download (a download that is not performed through the DHCP Auto Configuration feature).
4 Administration: File Management DHCP Auto Configuration - The SSH Server is configured in the SSH Trusted Servers list. If the SSH server authentication process is enabled, and the SSH server is not found in the SSH Trusted Servers list, the Auto Configuration process is halted. • If the information is available, the TFTP/SCP server is accessed to download the file from it.
4 Administration: File Management DHCP Auto Configuration and format of the file are checked, but the validity of the configuration parameters is not checked prior to loading it to the Startup Configuration. • In IPv4, to ensure that the device configuration functions as intended, due to allocation of different IP addresses with each DHCP renew cycle, it is recommended that IP addresses be bound to MAC addresses in the DHCP server table.
4 Administration: File Management DHCP Auto Configuration STEP 3 Enter the following optional information to be used if no configuration file name was received from the DHCP server. • Backup Server Definition—Select By IP address or By name to configure the server. • IP Version—Select whether an IPv4 or an IPv6 address is used. • IPv6 Address Type—Select the IPv6 address type (if IPv6 is used). The options are: - Link Local—The IPv6 address uniquely identifies hosts on a single network link.
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5 Administration: General Information This section describes how to view system information and configure various options on the device. It covers the following topics: • Device Models • System Information • Rebooting the Device • Monitoring Fan Status • Defining Idle Session Timeout • Pinging a Host Device Models All models can be fully managed through the web-based switch configuration utility.
5 Administration: General Information Device Models The following table describes the various models, the number and type of ports on them and their PoE information. Smart Switch Models Model Name Product ID (PID) Description of Ports on Device Power Dedicated to PoE No.
Administration: General Information System Information 5 System Information The System Summary page provides a graphic view of the device, and displays device status, hardware information, firmware version information, general PoE status, and other items. Displaying the System Summary To view system information, click Status and Statistics > System Summary. The System Summary page contains system and hardware information. System Information: • System Description—A description of the system.
5 Administration: General Information System Information • HTTPS Service—Displays whether HTTPS is enabled/disabled. • SNMP Service—Displays whether SNMP is enabled/disabled. Other Summary Information: • Model Description—Device model description. • Serial Number—Serial number. • PID VID—Part number and version ID. PoE Power Information: • Maximum Available PoE Power (W)—Maximum available power that can be delivered by the PoE.
Administration: General Information Rebooting the Device • 5 Custom Login Screen Settings—To display text on the Login page, enter the text in the Login Banner text box. Click Preview to view the results. NOTE When you define a login banner from the web-based configuration utility, it also activates the banner for the CLI interfaces (Console, Telnet, and SSH). STEP 3 Click Apply to save the values in the Running Configuration file.
5 Administration: General Information Rebooting the Device • Reboot—Reboots the device. Since any unsaved information in the Running Configuration is discarded when the device is rebooted, you must click Save in the upper-right corner of any window to preserve current configuration across the boot process. If the Save option is not displayed, the Running Configuration matches the Startup Configuration and no action is necessary. The following options are available: - Immediate—Reboot immediately.
5 Administration: General Information Monitoring Fan Status Monitoring Fan Status The Health page displays the fan status on all devices with fans. Depending on the model, there are one or more fans on a device. Some models have no fans at all.
5 Administration: General Information Defining Idle Session Timeout To view the device health parameters, click Status and Statistics > Health. The Health page displays the following fields: • • Fan Status—Fan status. The following values are possible: - OK—Fan is operating normally. - Fail—Fan is not operating correctly. - N/A—Fan ID is not applicable for the specific model. Fan Direction—(On relevant devices) The direction that the fans are working in (for example: Front to Back).
Administration: General Information Pinging a Host 5 Pinging a Host Ping is a utility used to test if a remote host can be reached and to measure the round-trip time for packets sent from the device to a destination device. Ping operates by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request packets to the target host and waiting for an ICMP response, sometimes called a pong. It measures the round-trip time and records any packet loss. To ping a host: STEP 1 Click Administration > Ping.
5 Administration: General Information Pinging a Host • Status—Displays whether the ping succeeded or failed. STEP 3 Click Activate Ping to ping the host. The ping status appears and another message is added to the list of messages, indicating the result of the ping operation. STEP 4 View the results of ping in the Ping Counters and Status section of the page.
6 Administration: Time Settings Synchronized system clocks provide a frame of reference between all devices on the network. Network time synchronization is critical because every aspect of managing, securing, planning, and debugging a network involves determining when events occur. Without synchronized clocks, accurately correlating log files between devices when tracking security breaches or network usage is impossible.
6 Administration: Time Settings System Time Options System Time Options System time can be set manually by the user, dynamically from an SNTP server, or synchronized from the PC running the GUI. If an SNTP server is chosen, the manual time settings are overwritten when communications with the server are established. As part of the boot process, the device always configures the time, time zone, and DST.
6 Administration: Time Settings SNTP Modes Time Zone and Daylight Savings Time (DST) The Time Zone and DST can be set on the device in the following ways: • • Dynamic configuration of the device through a DHCP server, where: - Dynamic DST, when enabled and available, always takes precedence over the manual configuration of DST. - If the server supplying the source parameters fails, or dynamic configuration is disabled by the user, the manual settings are used.
6 Administration: Time Settings Configuring System Time Configuring System Time Selecting Source of System Time Use the System Time page to select the system time source. If the source is manual, you can enter the time here. ! CAUTION If the system time is set manually and the device is rebooted, the manual time settings must be reentered. To define system time: STEP 1 Click Administration > Time Settings > System Time.
6 Administration: Time Settings Configuring System Time Manual Settings—Set the date and time manually. The local time is used when there is no alternate source of time, such as an SNTP server: • Date—Enter the system date. • Local Time—Enter the system time. Time Zone Settings—The local time is used via the DHCP server or Time Zone offset. • Get Time Zone from DHCP—Select to enable dynamic configuration of the time zone and the DST from the DHCP server.
6 Administration: Time Settings Configuring System Time - From—Day and time that DST starts. - To—Day and time that DST ends. Selecting Recurring allows different customization of the start and stop of DST: • • From—Date when DST begins each year. - Day—Day of the week on which DST begins every year. - Week—Week within the month from which DST begins every year. - Month—Month of the year in which DST begins every year. - Time—The time at which DST begins every year.
6 Administration: Time Settings Configuring System Time • Poll Interval—Displays whether polling is enabled or disabled. • Authentication Key ID—Key Identification used to communicate between the SNTP server and device. • Stratum Level—Distance from the reference clock expressed as a numerical value. An SNTP server cannot be the primary server (stratum level 1) unless polling interval is enabled. • Status—SNTP server status.
6 Administration: Time Settings Configuring System Time • IP Version—Select the version of the IP address: Version 6 or Version 4. • IPv6 Address Type—Select the IPv6 address type (if IPv6 is used). The options are - Link Local—The IPv6 address uniquely identifies hosts on a single network link. A link local address has a prefix of FE80, is not routable, and can be used for communication only on the local network. Only one link local address is supported.
6 Administration: Time Settings Configuring System Time Configuring the SNTP Mode The device can be in active and/or passive mode (see SNTP Modes for more information). To enable receiving SNTP packets from all servers on the subnet and/or to enable transmitting time requests to SNTP servers: STEP 1 Click Administration > Time Settings > SNTP Multicast/Anycast.
6 Administration: Time Settings Configuring System Time The authentication key is created on the SNTP server in a separate process that depends on the type of SNTP server you are using. Consult with the SNTP server system administrator for more information. Workflow STEP 1 Enable authentication in the SNTP Authentication page. STEP 2 Create a key in the SNTP Authentication page. STEP 3 Associate this key with an SNTP server in the SNTP Unicast page.
7 Administration: Diagnostics This section contains information for configuring port mirroring, running cable tests, and viewing device operational information. It covers the following topics: • Testing Copper Ports • Displaying Optical Module Status • Configuring Port and VLAN Mirroring • Viewing CPU Utilization and Secure Core Technology Testing Copper Ports The Copper Test page displays the results of integrated cable tests performed on copper cables by the Virtual Cable Tester (VCT).
7 Administration: Diagnostics Testing Copper Ports • (Optional) Disable EEE (see the Port Management > Green Ethernet > Properties page) Use a CAT5 data cable when testing cables using (VCT). Accuracy of the test results can have an error range of +/- 10 for Advanced Testing and +/- 2 for basic testing. ! CAUTION When a port is tested, it is set to the Down state and communications are interrupted. After the test, the port returns to the Up state.
7 Administration: Diagnostics Displaying Optical Module Status If the port being tested is a Giga port, the Advanced Information block contains the following information, which is refreshed each time you enter the page: • Cable Length: Provides an estimate for the length. • Pair—Cable wire pair being tested. • Status—Wire pair status. Red indicates fault and Green indicates status OK. • Channel—Cable channel indicating whether the wires are straight or crossover.
7 Administration: Diagnostics Configuring Port and VLAN Mirroring • MGBLH1: 1000BASE-LH SFP transceiver, for single-mode fiber, 1310 nm wavelength, supports up to 40 km. • MGBLX1: 1000BASE-LX SFP transceiver, for single-mode fiber, 1310 nm wavelength, supports up to 10 km. • MGBSX1:1000BASE-SX SFP transceiver, for multimode fiber, 850 nm wavelength, supports up to 550 m. • MGBT1: 1000BASE-T SFP transceiver for category 5 copper wire, supports up to 100 m.
7 Administration: Diagnostics Configuring Port and VLAN Mirroring A packet that is received on a network port assigned to a VLAN that is subject to mirroring is mirrored to the analyzer port even if the packet was eventually trapped or discarded. Packets sent by the device are mirrored when Transmit (Tx) mirroring is activated. Mirroring does not guarantee that all traffic from the source port(s) is received on the analyzer (destination) port.
7 Administration: Diagnostics Viewing CPU Utilization and Secure Core Technology - Rx Only—Port mirroring on incoming packets. - Tx Only—Port mirroring on outgoing packets. - Tx and Rx—Port mirroring on both incoming and outgoing packets. STEP 4 Click Apply. Port mirroring is added to the Running Configuration. Viewing CPU Utilization and Secure Core Technology This section describes the Secure Core Technology (SCT) and how to view CPU usage.
8 Administration: Discovery This section provides information for configuring Discovery. It covers the following topics: • Configuring Bonjour Discovery • LLDP and CDP • Configuring LLDP • Configuring CDP Configuring Bonjour Discovery As a Bonjour client, the device periodically broadcasts Bonjour Discovery protocol packets to directly-connected IP subnet(s), advertising its existence and the services that it provides, for example; HTTP or HTTPS.
8 Administration: Discovery LLDP and CDP By default, Bonjour is enabled on all interfaces that are members of the Management VLAN. To globally enable Bonjour: STEP 1 Click Administration > Discovery - Bonjour. STEP 2 Select Enable to enable Bonjour Discovery globally on the device. STEP 3 Click Apply. Bonjour is enabled or disabled on the device according to the selection.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP • Auto Smartport requires CDP and/or LLDP to be enabled. Auto Smartport automatically configures an interface based on the CDP/LLDP advertisement received from the interface. • CDP and LLDP end devices, such as IP phones, learn the voice VLAN configuration from CDP and LLDP advertisements. By default, the device is enabled to send out CDP and LLDP advertisement based on the voice VLAN configured at the device.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP • Configuring LLDP MED Port Settings • Displaying LLDP Port Status • Displaying LLDP Local Information • Displaying LLDP Neighbors Information • Accessing LLDP Statistics • LLDP Overloading LLDP Overview LLDP is a protocol that enables network managers to troubleshoot and enhance network management in multi-vendor environments.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP 3. Create LLDP MED network policies by using the LLDP MED Network Policy page. 4. Associate LLDP MED network policies and the optional LLDP-MED TLVs to the desired interfaces by using the LLDP MED Port Settings page. 5. If Auto Smartport is to detect the capabilities of LLDP devices, enable LLDP in the Smartport Properties page. 6. Display overloading information by using the LLDP Overloading page.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP • Transmit Delay—Enter the amount of time in seconds that passes between successive LLDP frame transmissions due to changes in the LLDP local systems MIB. STEP 3 In the Fast Start Repeat Count field, enter the number of times LLDP packets are sent when the LLDP-MED Fast Start mechanism is initialized. This occurs when a new endpoint device links to the device. For a description of LLDP MED, refer to the LLDP MED Network Policy section. STEP 4 Click Apply.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP The time interval between notifications is entered in the Topology Change SNMP Notification Interval field in the LLDP Properties page. Define SNMP Notification Recipients by using the SNMP > Notification Recipient v1,2 and/or SNMP > Notification Recipient v3 page. • Available Optional TLVs—Select the information to be published by the device by moving the TLV to the Selected Optional TLVs list.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP lowest IP address among the dynamic IP addresses. If there are no dynamic addresses, the software chooses the lowest IP address among the static IP addresses. • - None—Do not advertise the management IP address. - Manual Advertise—Select this option and the management IP address to be advertised. IP Address—If Manual Advertise was selected, select the Management IP address from the addresses provided.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP Setting LLDP MED Network Policy An LLDP-MED network policy is a related set of configuration settings for a specific real-time application such as voice, or video. A network policy, if configured, can be included in the outgoing LLDP packets to the attached LLDP media endpoint device. The media endpoint device must send its traffic as specified in the network policy it receives.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP • VLAN Tag—Select whether the traffic is Tagged or Untagged. • User Priority—Select the traffic priority applied to traffic defined by this network policy. This is the CoS value. • DSCP Value—Select the DSCP value to associate with application data sent by neighbors. This informs them how they must mark the application traffic they send to the device. STEP 6 Click Apply. The network policy is defined.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP • SNMP Notification—Select whether SNMP notification is sent on a per-port basis when an end station that supports MED is discovered; for example a SNMP managing system, when there is a topology change. • Available Optional TLVs—Select the TLVs that can be published by the device by moving them to the Selected Optional TLVs list.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP • Chassis ID Subtype—Type of chassis ID (for example, MAC address). • Chassis ID—Identifier of chassis. Where the chassis ID subtype is a MAC address, the MAC address of the device appears. • System Name—Name of device. • System Description—Description of the device (in alpha-numeric format). • Supported System Capabilities—Primary functions of the device, such as Bridge, WLAN AP, or Router.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP This page provides the following fields: Global • Chassis ID Subtype—Type of chassis ID. (For example, the MAC address.) • Chassis ID—Identifier of chassis. Where the chassis ID subtype is a MAC address, the MAC address of the device appears. • System Name—Name of device. • System Description—Description of the device (in alpha-numeric format). • Supported System Capabilities—Primary functions of the device, such as Bridge, WLAN AP, or Router.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP • Auto-Negotiation Advertised Capabilities—Port speed auto-negotiation capabilities; for example, 1000BASE-T half duplex mode, 100BASE-TX full duplex mode. • Operational MAU Type—Medium Attachment Unit (MAU) type. The MAU performs physical layer functions, including digital data conversion from the Ethernet interfaces’ collision detection and bit injection into the network; for example, 100BASE-TX full duplex mode. 802.3 Details • 802.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP - Endpoint Class 1—Indicates a generic endpoint class, offering basic LLDP services. - Endpoint Class 2—Indicates a media endpoint class, offering media streaming capabilities, as well as all Class 1 features. - Endpoint Class 3—Indicates a communications device class, offering all Class 1 and Class 2 features plus location, 911, Layer 2 device support, and device information management capabilities. • PoE Device Type—Port PoE type; for example, powered.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP - Untagged—Indicates the network policy is defined for untagged VLANs. • User Priority—Network policy user priority. • DSCP—Network policy DSCP. Displaying LLDP Neighbors Information The LLDP Neighbors Information page contains information that was received from neighboring devices. After timeout (based on the value received from the neighbor Time To Live TLV during which no LLDP PDU was received from a neighbor), the information is deleted.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP Basic Details • Chassis ID Subtype—Type of chassis ID (for example, MAC address). • Chassis ID—Identifier of the 802 LAN neighboring device chassis. • Port ID Subtype—Type of the port identifier that is shown. • Port ID—Identifier of port. • Port Description—Information about the port, including manufacturer, product name and hardware/software version. • System Name—Name of system that is published.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP • Operational MAU Type—Medium Attachment Unit (MAU) type. The MAU performs physical layer functions, including digital data conversion from the Ethernet interfaces’ collision detection and bit injection into the network; for example, 100BASE-TX full duplex mode. 802.3 Power via MDI • MDI Power Support Port Class—Advertised power support port class. • PSE MDI Power Support—Indicates if MDI power is supported on the port.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP MED Details • Capabilities Supported—MED capabilities enabled on the port. • Current Capabilities—MED TLVs advertised by the port. • Device Class—LLDP-MED endpoint device class. The possible device classes are: - Endpoint Class 1—Indicates a generic endpoint class, offering basic LLDP services. - Endpoint Class 2—Indicates a media endpoint class, offering media streaming capabilities as well as all Class 1 features.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP • Enabled—Enabled Port and Protocol VLAN IDs. VLAN IDs • VID—Port and Protocol VLAN ID. • VLAN Names—Advertised VLAN names. Protocol IDs • Protocol ID Table—Advertised protocol IDs. Location Information Enter the following data structures in hexadecimal as described in section 10.2.4 of the ANSI-TIA-1057 standard: • Civic—Civic or street address. • Coordinates—Location map coordinates—latitude, longitude, and altitude.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP STEP 1 Click Administration > Discovery - LLDP > LLDP Statistics. For each port, the fields are displayed: • Interface—Identifier of interface. • Tx Frames Total—Number of transmitted frames. • Rx Frames • • - Total—Number of received frames. - Discarded—Total number of received frames that were discarded. - Errors—Total number of received frames with errors. Rx TLVs - Discarded—Total number of received TLVs that were discarded.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring LLDP • Left to Send (Bytes)—Total number of available bytes left for additional LLDP information in each packet. • Status—Whether TLVs are being transmitted or if they are overloaded. STEP 2 To view the overloading details for a port, select it and click Details. This page contains the following information for each TLV sent on the port: • • • • • LLDP Mandatory TLVs - Size (Bytes)—Total mandatory TLV byte size.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring CDP • • LLDP Optional TLVs - Size (Bytes)—Total LLDP MED optional TLVs packets byte size. - Status—If the LLDP MED optional TLVs packets were sent, or if they were overloaded. LLDP MED Inventory - Size (Bytes)—Total LLDP MED inventory TLVs packets byte size. - Status—If the LLDP MED inventory packets were sent, or if they were overloaded.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring CDP CDP Configuration Workflow The followings is sample workflow in configuring CDP on the device. You can also find additional CDP configuration guidelines in the LLDP/CDP section. STEP 1 Enter the CDP global parameters using the CDP Properties page STEP 2 Configure CDP per interface using the Interface Setting page STEP 3 If Auto Smartport is to detect the capabilities of CDP devices, enable CDP in the Smartport Properties page.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring CDP • • CDP Hold Time—Amount of time that CDP packets are held before the packets are discarded, measured in multiples of the TLV Advertise Interval. For example, if the TLV Advertise Interval is 30 seconds, and the Hold Multiplier is 4, then the LLDP packets are discarded after 120 seconds. The following options are possible: - Use Default—Use the default time (180 seconds) - User Defined—Enter the time in seconds.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring CDP Editing CDP Interface Settings Use the Interface Settings page to activate LLDP and remote log server notification per port, and to select the TLVs included in LLDP PDUs. By setting these properties it is possible to select the types of information to be provided to devices that support the LLDP protocol. The LLDP-MED TLVs to be advertised can be selected in the LLDP MED Interface Settings page.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring CDP • Syslog Voice VLAN Mismatch—Select to enable the option of sending a SYSLOG message when a voice VLAN mismatch is detected This means that the voice VLAN information in the incoming frame does not match what the local device is advertising. • Syslog Native VLAN Mismatch—Select to enable the option of sending a SYSLOG message when a native VLAN mismatch is detected.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring CDP • Capabilities TLV - • • - Appliance ID—Type of device attached to port advertised in the appliance TLV. - Appliance VLAN ID—VLAN on the device used by the appliance, for instance if the appliance is an IP phone, this is the voice VLAN. Extended Trust TLV 107 Extended Trust—Enabled indicates that the port is trusted, meaning that the host/server from which the packet is received is trusted to mark the packets itself.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring CDP - Request ID—Last power request ID received echoes the Request-ID field last received in a Power Requested TLV. It is 0 if no Power Requested TLV was received since the interface last transitioned to Up.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring CDP • Capabilities—Capabilities advertised by neighbor. • Platform—Information from Platform TLV of neighbor. • Neighbor Interface—Outgoing interface of the neighbor. STEP 2 Select a device, and click Details. This page contains the following fields about the neighbor: • Device ID—Identifier of the neighboring device ID. • Local Interface—Interface number of port through which frame arrived. • Advertisement Version—Version of CDP.
8 Administration: Discovery Configuring CDP Viewing CDP Statistics The CDP Statistics page displays information regarding Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) frames that were sent or received from a port. CDP packets are received from devices attached to the switches interfaces, and are used for the Smartport feature. See Configuring CDP for more information. CDP statistics for a port are only displayed if CDP is enabled globally and on the port.
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9 Port Management This section describes port configuration, link aggregation, and the Green Ethernet feature. It covers the following topics: • Configuring Ports • Setting Port Configuration • Configuring Link Aggregation • Configuring Green Ethernet Configuring Ports To configure ports, perform the following actions: 1. Configure port by using the Port Settings page. 2.
9 Port Management Setting Port Configuration Setting Port Configuration The Port Settings page displays the global and per port setting of all the ports. This page enables you to select and configure the desired ports from the Edit Port Settings page. To configure port settings: STEP 1 Click Port Management > Port Settings. STEP 2 Select Jumbo Frames to support packets of up to 10 Kb in size. If Jumbo Frames is not enabled (default), the system supports packet size up to 2,000 bytes.
9 Port Management Setting Port Configuration • Operational Status—Displays whether the port is currently Up or Down. If the port is down because of an error, the description of the error is displayed. • Reactivate Suspended Port—Select to reactivate a port that has been suspended. There are numerous ways that a port can be suspended, such as through the locked port security option, dot1x single host violation, loopback detection, or STP loopback guard.
9 Port Management Setting Port Configuration - 1000 Full—1000 Mbps speed and Full Duplex mode. • Operational Advertisement—Displays the capabilities currently published to the ports neighbor. The possible options are those specified in the Administrative Advertisement field. • Neighbor Advertisement—Displays the capabilities advertised by the neighboring device (link partner).
9 Port Management Configuring Link Aggregation Configuring Link Aggregation This section describes how to configure LAGs. It covers the following topics: • Link Aggregation Overview • Static and Dynamic LAG Workflow • Defining LAG Management • Configuring LAG Settings • Configuring LACP Link Aggregation Overview Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) is part of the IEEE specification (802.3az) that enables you to bundle several physical ports together to form a single logical channel (LAG).
9 Port Management Configuring Link Aggregation The device supports two modes of load balancing: • By MAC Addresses—Based on the destination and source MAC addresses of all packets. • By IP and MAC Addresses—Based on the destination and source IP addresses for IP packets, and destination and source MAC addresses for non-IP packets. LAG Management In general, a LAG is treated by the system as a single logical port.
9 Port Management Configuring Link Aggregation Static and Dynamic LAG Workflow After a LAG has been manually created, LACP cannot be added or removed until the LAG is edited and a member is removed. Only then the LACP button become available for editing. To configure a static LAG, perform the following actions: 1. Disable LACP on the LAG to make it static. Assign up to eight member ports to the static LAG by selecting and moving the ports from the Port List to the LAG Members list.
9 Port Management Configuring Link Aggregation STEP 3 Click Apply. The Load Balance Algorithm is saved to the Running Configuration file. To define the member or candidate ports in a LAG. STEP 1 Select the LAG to be configured, and click Edit. STEP 2 Enter the values for the following fields: • LAG—Select the LAG number. • LAG Name—Enter the LAG name or a comment. • LACP—Select to enable LACP on the selected LAG. This makes it a dynamic LAG.
9 Port Management Configuring Link Aggregation • Reactivate Suspended LAG—Select to reactivate a port if the LAG has been disabled through the locked port security option . • Administrative Auto Negotiation—Enables or disable auto-negotiation on the LAG. Auto-negotiation is a protocol between two link partners that enables a LAG to advertise its transmission speed and flow control to its partner (the Flow Control default is disabled).
9 Port Management Configuring Link Aggregation Configuring LACP A dynamic LAG is LACP-enabled, and LACP is run on every candidate port defined in the LAG. LACP Priority and Rules LACP system priority and LACP port priority are both used to determine which of the candidate ports become active member ports in a dynamic LAG configured with more than eight candidate ports. The selected candidate ports of the LAG are all connected to the same remote device.
9 Port Management Configuring Link Aggregation However, there are cases when one link partner is temporarily not configured for LACP. One example for such case is when the link partner is on a device, which is in the process of receiving its configuration using the auto-config protocol. This device's ports are not yet configured to LACP. If the LAG link cannot come up, the device cannot ever become configured. A similar case occurs with dual-NIC network-boot computers (e.g.
9 Port Management Configuring Green Ethernet STEP 5 Click Apply. The Running Configuration file is updated. Configuring Green Ethernet This section describes the Green Ethernet feature that is designed to save power on the device.
9 Port Management Configuring Green Ethernet In addition to the above Green Ethernet features, the 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE) is found on devices supporting GE ports. EEE reduces power consumption when there is no traffic on the port. See 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet Feature for more information (available on GE models only). EEE is enabled globally by default. On a given port, if EEE is enabled, short reach mode be disabled. If Short Reach Mode is enabled, EEE be grayed out.
9 Port Management Configuring Green Ethernet 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet Feature This section describes the 802.3az Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE) feature. It covers the following topics: • 802.3az EEE Overview • Advertise Capabilities Negotiation • Link Level Discovery for 802.3az EEE • Availability of 802.3az EEE • Default Configuration • Interactions Between Features • 802.3az EEE Configuration Workflow 802.3az EEE Overview 802.
9 Port Management Configuring Green Ethernet Advertise Capabilities Negotiation 802.3az EEE support is advertised during the Auto-Negotiation stage. AutoNegotiation provides a linked device with the capability to detect the abilities (modes of operation) supported by the device at the other end of the link, determine common abilities, and configure itself for joint operation. AutoNegotiation is performed at the time of link-up, on command from management, or upon detection of a link error.
9 Port Management Configuring Green Ethernet 802.3az EEE Configuration Workflow This section describes how to configure the 802.3az EEE feature and view its counters. STEP 1 Ensure that auto-negotiation is enabled on the port by opening the Port Management > Port Settings page. a. Select a port and open the Edit Port Setting page. b. Select Auto Negotiation field to ensure that it is Enabled. STEP 2 Ensure that 802.
9 Port Management Configuring Green Ethernet • Energy Detect Mode—Disabled by default. Click the checkbox to enable. • Short Reach—Globally enable or disable Short Reach mode if there are GE ports on the device. NOTE If Short Reach is enabled, EEE must be disabled. • Power Savings—Displays the percentage of power saved by running Green Ethernet and Short Reach. The power savings displayed is only relevant to the power saved by Short Reach and Energy Detect modes.
9 Port Management Configuring Green Ethernet To define per port Green Ethernet settings: STEP 1 Click Port Management > Green Ethernet > Port Settings. The Port Settings page displays the following: • Global Parameter Status—Describes the enabled features. For each port the following fields are described: • Port—The port number. • Energy Detect—State of the port regarding Energy Detect mode: • - Administrative—Displays whether Energy Detect mode was enabled.
9 Port Management Configuring Green Ethernet - EEE Support on Remote—Displays whether EEE is supported on the link partner. EEE must be supported on both the local and remote link partners. NOTE The window displays the Short Reach, Energy Detect and EEE settings for each port; however, they are not enabled on any port unless they are also enabled globally by using the Properties page. To enable Short Reach and EEE globally, see Setting Global Green Ethernet Properties.
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10 Smartport This document describes the Smartports feature.
10 Smartport What is a Smartport There are two ways to apply a Smartport macro by Smartport type to an interface: • Static Smartport—You manually assign a Smartport type to an interface. The result is the corresponding Smartport macro is applied to the interface. • Auto Smartport—Auto Smartport waits for a device to be attached to the interface before applying a configuration.
10 Smartport Smartport Types • Desktop • Guest • Server • Host • IP Camera • IP phone • IP Phone+Desktop • Switch • Router • Wireless Access Point Smartport types are named so that they describe the type of device connected to an interface. Each Smartport type is associated with two Smartport macros. One macro, called "the macro" serves to apply the desired configuration.
10 Smartport Smartport Types Smartport and Auto Smartport Types Smartport Type Supported by Auto Smartport Supported by Auto Smartport by default Switch Yes Yes Router Yes No Wireless Access Point Yes Yes Special Smartport Types There are two special Smartport types; default and unknown. These two types are not associated with macros, but they exist to signify the state of the interface regarding Smartport.
10 Smartport Smartport Macros NOTE Throughout this section, the term “aged out” is used to describe the LLDP and CDP messages via their TTL. If Auto Smartport is enabled, and persistent status is disabled, and no more CDP or LLDP messages are received on the interface before both TTLs of the most recent CDP and LLDP packets decrease to 0, then the antimacro is run, and the Smartport type returns to default.
10 Smartport Macro Failure and the Reset Operation • If the Startup Configuration File specifies a static Smartport type, the Smartport type of the interface is set to this static type. • If the Startup Configuration File specifies a Smartport type that was dynamically assigned by Auto Smartport: - If the Auto Smartport Global Operational state, the interface Auto Smartport state, and the Persistent Status are all Enable, the Smartport type is set to this dynamic type.
10 Smartport How the Smartport Feature Works How the Smartport Feature Works You can apply a Smartport macro to an interface by the Smartport type associated with the macro. Because support is provided for Smartport types which correspond to devices that do not allow themselves to be discovered via CDP and/or LLDP, these Smartport types must be statically assigned to the desired interfaces.
10 Smartport Auto Smartport • If a device is aged out (no longer receiving advertisements from other devices), the interface configuration is changed according to its Persistent Status. If the Persistent Status is enabled, the interface configuration is retained. If not, the Smartport Type reverts to Default.
10 Smartport Auto Smartport Using CDP/LLDP Information to Identify Smartport Types The device detects the type of device attached to the port, based on the CDP/ LLDP capabilities.
10 Smartport Auto Smartport LLDP Capabilities Mapping to Smartport Type (Continued) Capability Name LLDP Bit Smartport Type DOCSIS cable device IETF RFC 4639 and IETF RFC 4546 7 Ignore Station Only IETF RFC 4293 8 Host C-VLAN Component of a VLAN Bridge IEEE Std. 802.1Q 9 Switch S-VLAN Component of a VLAN Bridge IEEE Std. 802.1Q 10 Switch Two-port MAC Relay (TPMR) IEEE Std. 802.
10 Smartport Error Handling For more information about LLDP/CDP refer to the Configuring LLDP and Configuring CDP sections, respectively. Persistent Auto Smartport Interface If the Persistent status of an interface is enabled, its Smartport type and the configuration that is already applied dynamically by Auto Smartport remains on the interface even after the attaching device ages out, the interface goes down, and the device is rebooted (assuming the configuration was saved).
10 Smartport Relationships with Other Features and Backwards Compatibility Relationships with Other Features and Backwards Compatibility Auto Smartport is enabled by default and may be disabled. Telephony OUI cannot function concurrently with Auto Smartport, and Auto Voice VLAN. Auto Smartport must be disabled before enabling Telephony OUI. Common Smartport Tasks This section describes some common tasks to setup Smartport and Auto Smartport.
10 Smartport Common Smartport Tasks Workflow2: To configure an interface as a static Smartport, perform the following steps: STEP 1 To enable the Smartport feature on the interface, open the Smartport > Interface Settings page. STEP 2 Select the interface, and click Edit. STEP 3 Select the Smartport type that is to be assigned to the interface in the Smartport Application field. STEP 4 Set the macro parameters as required. STEP 5 Click Apply.
10 Smartport Configuring Smartport Using The Web-based Interface Workflow4: To rerun a Smartport macro after it has failed, perform the following steps: STEP 1 In the Interface Settings page, select an interface with Smartport type Unknown. STEP 2 Click Show Diagnostics to see the problem. STEP 3 Troubleshoot, then correct the problem. Consider the troubleshooting tip below. STEP 4 Click Edit. A new window appears in which you can click Reset to reset the interface.
Smartport Configuring Smartport Using The Web-based Interface 10 Smartport Properties To configure the Smartport feature globally: STEP 1 Click Smartport > Properties. STEP 2 Enter the parameters. • Administrative Auto Smartport—Select to globally enable or disable Auto Smartport. The following options are available: - Disable—Select to disable Auto Smartport on the device. - Enable—Select to enable Auto Smartport on the device.
10 Smartport Configuring Smartport Using The Web-based Interface Smartport Type Settings Use the Smartport Type Settings page to edit the Smartport Type settings and view the Macro Source. By default, each Smartport type is associated with a pair of built-in Smartport macros. See Smartport Types for further information on macro versus anti-macro. Built-in or user-defined macros can have parameters. The built-in macros have up to three parameters.
Smartport Configuring Smartport Using The Web-based Interface 10 currently assigned with the Smartport type by Auto Smartport. Auto Smartport does not apply the changes to interfaces that were statically assigned a Smartport type. NOTE There is no method to validate macro parameters because they do not have a type association. Therefore, any entry is valid at this point.
10 Smartport Configuring Smartport Using The Web-based Interface To apply a Smartport macro: STEP 1 Click Smartport > Interface Settings. Reapply the associated Smartport macro in the following ways: • Select a group of Smartport types (switches, routers or APs) and click Reapply Smartport Macro. The macros are applied to all selected interface types. • Select an interface that is UP and click Reapply to reapply the last macro that was applied to the interface.
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros • Smartport Type—Displays the Smartport type currently assigned to the port/LAG. • Smartport Application—Select the Smartport type from the Smartport Application pull-down. • Smartport Application Method— If Auto Smartport is selected, Auto Smartport automatically assigns the Smartport type based on the CDP and/ or LLDP advertisement received from the connecting devices as well as applying the corresponding Smartport macro.
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros • guest • server • host • ip_camera • ip_phone • ip_phone_desktop • switch • router • ap desktop [desktop] #interface configuration, for increased network security and reliability when connecting a desktop device, such as a PC, to a switch port.
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros [no_desktop] #macro description No Desktop # no smartport switchport trunk native vlan smartport switchport trunk allowed vlan remove all # no port security no port security mode no port security max # no smartport storm-control broadcast enable no smartport storm-control broadcast level no smartport storm-control include-multicast # spanning-tree portfast auto # @ printer [printer] #macro description printer #macro keywords $native_vlan # #macro key description: $n
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros # no switchport access vlan no switchport mode # no port security no port security mode # no smartport storm-control broadcast enable no smartport storm-control broadcast level no smartport storm-control include-multicast # spanning-tree portfast auto # @ guest [guest] #macro description guest #macro keywords $native_vlan # #macro key description: $native_vlan: The untag VLAN which will be configured on the port #Default Values are #$native_vlan = Default VLAN # #th
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros # no port security no port security mode # no smartport storm-control broadcast enable no smartport storm-control broadcast level no smartport storm-control include-multicast # spanning-tree portfast auto # @ server [server] #macro description server #macro keywords $native_vlan $max_hosts # #macro key description: $native_vlan: The untag VLAN which will be configured on the port # $max_hosts: The maximum number of allowed devices on the port #Default Values are #$n
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros no port security mode no port security max # no smartport storm-control broadcast enable no smartport storm-control broadcast level # spanning-tree portfast auto # @ host [host] #macro description host #macro keywords $native_vlan $max_hosts # #macro key description: $native_vlan: The untag VLAN which will be configured on the port # $max_hosts: The maximum number of allowed devices on the port #Default Values are #$native_vlan = Default VLAN #$max_hosts = 10 # #the
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros no port security max # no smartport storm-control broadcast enable no smartport storm-control broadcast level no smartport storm-control include-multicast # spanning-tree portfast auto # @ ip_camera [ip_camera] #macro description ip_camera #macro keywords $native_vlan # #macro key description: $native_vlan: The untag VLAN which will be configured on the port #Default Values are #$native_vlan = Default VLAN # switchport mode access switchport access vlan $native_vlan
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros # spanning-tree portfast auto # @ ip_phone [ip_phone] #macro description ip_phone #macro keywords $native_vlan $voice_vlan $max_hosts # #macro key description: $native_vlan: The untag VLAN which will be configured on the port # $voice_vlan: The voice VLAN ID # $max_hosts: The maximum number of allowed devices on the port #Default Values are #$native_vlan = Default VLAN #$voice_vlan = 1 #$max_hosts = 10 # #the default mode is trunk smartport switchport trunk allowed
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros # no port security no port security mode no port security max # no smartport storm-control broadcast enable no smartport storm-control broadcast level no smartport storm-control include-multicast # spanning-tree portfast auto # @ ip_phone_desktop [ip_phone_desktop] #macro description ip_phone_desktop #macro keywords $native_vlan $voice_vlan $max_hosts # #macro key description: $native_vlan: The untag VLAN which will be configured on the port # $voice_vlan: The voice
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros #macro key description: $voice_vlan: The voice VLAN ID # #Default Values are #$voice_vlan = 1 # smartport switchport trunk allowed vlan remove $voice_vlan no smartport switchport trunk native vlan smartport switchport trunk allowed vlan remove all # no port security no port security mode no port security max # no smartport storm-control broadcast enable no smartport storm-control broadcast level no smartport storm-control include-multicast # spanning-tree portfast au
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros smartport switchport trunk allowed vlan remove all # no spanning-tree link-type # @ router [router] #macro description router #macro keywords $native_vlan $voice_vlan # #macro key description: $native_vlan: The untag VLAN which will be configured on the port # $voice_vlan: The voice VLAN ID # #Default Values are #$native_vlan = Default VLAN #$voice_vlan = 1 # #the default mode is trunk smartport switchport trunk allowed vlan add all smartport switchport trunk native
10 Smartport Built-in Smartport Macros no smartport storm-control broadcast level # no spanning-tree link-type # @ ap [ap] #macro description ap #macro keywords $native_vlan $voice_vlan # #macro key description: $native_vlan: The untag VLAN which will be configured on the port 161 Cisco Small Business 200 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide
11 Port Management: PoE The Power over Ethernet (PoE) feature is only available on PoE-based devices. For a list of PoE-based devices, refer to the Device Models section. This section describes how to use the PoE feature.
11 Port Management: PoE PoE on the Device Power over Ethernet can be used in any enterprise network that deploys relatively low-powered devices connected to the Ethernet LAN, such as: • IP phones • Wireless access points • IP gateways • Audio and video remote monitoring devices PoE Operation PoE implements in the following stages: • Detection—Sends special pulses on the copper cable. When a PoE device is located at the other end, that device responds to these pulses.
11 Port Management: PoE PoE on the Device You can decide the following: • Maximum power a PSE is allowed to supply to a PD • During device operation, to change the mode from Class Power Limit to Port Limit and vice versa. The power values per port that were configured for the Port Limit mode are retained. NOTE Changing the mode from Class Limit to Port limit and vice versa when the device is operational forces the Powered Device to reboot.
11 Port Management: PoE Configuring PoE Properties may not be able to properly supply power to its attaching PDs. To prevent false detection, you should disable PoE on the ports on the PoE switches that are used to connect to PSEs. You should also first power up a PSE device before connecting it to a PoE device. When a device is being falsely detected as a PD, you should disconnect the device from the PoE port and power recycle the device with AC power before reconnecting its PoE ports.
11 Port Management: PoE Configuring PoE Settings The following counters are displayed for each device: • Nominal Power—The total amount of power the device can supply to all the connected PDs. • Consumed Power—Amount of power currently being consumed by the PoE ports. • Available Power—Nominal power minus the amount of consumed power. STEP 3 Click Apply to save the PoE properties.
11 Port Management: PoE Configuring PoE Settings The administrator sets the priority for each port, allocating how much power it can be given. These priorities are entered in the PoE Settings page. See Device Models for a description of the device models that support PoE and the maximum power that can be allocated to PoE ports. To configure PoE port settings: STEP 1 Click Port Management > PoE > Settings.The list of fields below is for Port Limit Power Mode.
11 Port Management: PoE Configuring PoE Settings • Power Consumption—Displays the amount of power in milliwatts assigned to the powered device connected to the selected interface. • Overload Counter—Displays the total number of power overload occurrences. • Short Counter—Displays the total number of power shortage occurrences. • Denied Counter—Displays number of times the powered device was denied power.
11 169 Port Management: PoE Configuring PoE Settings Cisco Small Business 200 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide
12 VLAN Management This section covers the following topics: • VLANs • Configuring Default VLAN Settings • Creating VLANs • Configuring VLAN Interface Settings • Defining VLAN Membership • Voice VLAN VLANs A VLAN is a logical group of ports that enables devices associated with it to communicate with each other over the Ethernet MAC layer, regardless of the physical LAN segment of the bridged network to which they are connected.
12 VLAN Management VLANs VLANs address security and scalability issues. Traffic from a VLAN stays within the VLAN, and terminates at devices in the VLAN. It also eases network configuration by logically connecting devices without physically relocating those devices. If a frame is VLAN-tagged, a four-byte VLAN tag is added to each Ethernet frame. The tag contains a VLAN ID between 1 and 4094, and a VLAN Priority Tag (VPT) between 0 and 7. See Quality of Service for details about VPT.
12 VLAN Management VLANs • Management VLAN: For more information refer to the Configuring IP Information section. QinQ QinQ provides isolation between service provider networks and customers' networks. The device is a provider bridge that supports port-based c-tagged service interface. With QinQ, the device adds an ID tag known as Service Tag (S-tag) to forward traffic over the network. The S-tag is used to segregate traffic between various customers, while preserving the customer VLAN tags.
12 VLAN Management Configuring Default VLAN Settings Configuring Default VLAN Settings When using factory default settings, the device automatically creates VLAN 1 as the default VLAN, the default interface status of all ports is Trunk, and all ports are configured as untagged members of the default VLAN. The default VLAN has the following characteristics: • It is distinct, non-static/non-dynamic, and all ports are untagged members by default. • It cannot be deleted. • It cannot be given a label.
12 VLAN Management Creating VLANs STEP 3 Click Apply. STEP 4 Click Save (in the upper-right corner of the window) and save the Running Configuration to the Startup Configuration. The Default VLAN ID After Reset becomes the Current Default VLAN ID after you reboot the device. Creating VLANs You can create a VLAN, but this has no effect until the VLAN is attached to at least one port, either manually or dynamically. Ports must always belong to one or more VLANs.
12 VLAN Management Configuring VLAN Interface Settings To create a range of VLANs, select the Range radio button, and specify the range of VLANs to be created by entering the Starting VID and Ending VID, inclusive. When using the Range function, the maximum number of VLANs you can create at one time is 100. STEP 4 Click Apply to create the VLAN(s). Configuring VLAN Interface Settings The Interface Settings page displays and enables configuration of VLAN-related parameters for all interfaces.
12 VLAN Management Defining VLAN Membership • Administrative PVID—Enter the Port VLAN ID (PVID) of the VLAN to which incoming untagged and priority tagged frames are classified. The possible values are 1 to 4094. • Frame Type—Select the type of frame that the interface can receive. Frames that are not of the configured frame type are discarded at ingress. These frame types are only available in General mode.
12 VLAN Management Defining VLAN Membership Frames that are VLAN-tagged can pass through other network devices that are VLAN-aware or VLAN-unaware. If a destination end node is VLAN-unaware, but is to receive traffic from a VLAN, then the last VLAN-aware device (if there is one), must send frames of the destination VLAN to the end node untagged. Configuring Port to VLAN Use the Port to VLAN page to display and configure the ports within a specific VLAN.
12 VLAN Management Defining VLAN Membership Configuring VLAN Membership The Port VLAN Membership page displays all ports on the device along with a list of VLANs to which each port belongs. If the port-based authentication method for an interface is 802.1x and the Administrative Port Control is Auto, then: • Until the port is authenticated, it is excluded from all VLANs, except guest and unauthenticated ones. In the VLAN to Port page, the port is marked with an upper case P.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN - Forbidden—The interface is not allowed to join the VLAN. When a port is not a member of any other VLAN, enabling this option on the port makes the port part of internal VLAN 4095 (a reserved VID). - Excluded—The interface is currently not a member of the VLAN. This is the default for all the ports and LAGs when the VLAN is newly created. - Tagged—Select whether the port is tagged. This is not relevant for Access ports. - Untagged—Select whether port is untagged.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN • Voice VLAN QoS • Voice VLAN Constraints • Voice VLAN Workflows The following are typical voice deployment scenarios with appropriate configurations: • UC3xx/UC5xx hosted: All Cisco phones and VoIP endpoints support this deployment model. For this model, the UC3xx/UC5xx, Cisco phones and VoIP endpoints reside in the same voice VLAN. The voice VLAN of UC3xx/ UC5xx defaults to VLAN 100.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN The device supports a single voice VLAN. By default, the voice VLAN is VLAN 1. The voice VLAN is defaulted to VLAN 1. A different voice VLAN can be manually configured. It can also be dynamically learned when Auto Voice VLAN is enabled. Ports can be manually added to the voice VLAN by using basic VLAN configuration described in the Configuring VLAN Interface Setting section, or by manually applying voice-related Smartport macro to the ports.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN Voice End-Points To have a voice VLAN work properly, the voice devices, such as Cisco phones and VoIP endpoints, must be assigned to the voice VLAN where it sends and receives its voice traffic. Some of the possible scenarios are as follows: • A phone/endpoint may be statically configured with the voice VLAN. • A phone/endpoint may obtain the voice VLAN in the boot file it downloads from a TFTP server.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN NOTE The default configuration list here applies to switches whose firmware version supports Auto Voice VLAN out of the box. It also applies to unconfigured switches that have been upgraded to the firmware version that supports Auto Voice VLAN. NOTE The defaults and the voice VLAN triggers are designed to have no effect on any installations without a voice VLAN and on switches that have already been configured.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN Auto Smartport works with CDP/LLDP to maintain the port memberships of the voice VLAN when voice end-points are detected from the ports: • When CDP and LLDP are enabled, the device sends out CDP and LLDP packets periodically to advertise the voice VLAN to the voice endpoints to use.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN • The Voice VLAN cannot be Smartport enabled. • The Voice VLAN QoS decision has priority over any other QoS decision, except for the Policy decision. • A new VLAN ID can be configured for the Voice VLAN only if the current Voice VLAN does not have candidate ports. • The interface VLAN of a candidate port must be in General or Trunk mode. • The Voice VLAN QoS is applied to candidate ports that have joined the Voice VLAN, and to static ports.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN NOTE Step 7 and Step 8 are optional as they are enabled by default. Workflow2: To configure the Telephony OUI Method STEP 1 Open the VLAN Management > Voice VLAN > Properties page. Set Dynamic Voice VLAN to Enable Telephony OUI. NOTE If the device is currently in Auto Voice VLAN mode, you must disable it before you can enable Telephony OUI. STEP 2 Configure Telephony OUI in the Telephony OUI page.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN To view and configure Voice VLAN properties: STEP 1 Click VLAN Management > Voice VLAN > Properties. • The voice VLAN settings configured on the device are displayed in the Voice VLAN Settings (Administrative Status) block. • The voice VLAN settings that are actually being applied to the voice VLAN deployment are displayed in the Voice VLAN Settings (Operational Status) block.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN NOTE Manually re-configuring the voice VLAN ID, CoS/802.1p, and/or DSCP from their default values results in a static voice VLAN, which has higher priority than auto voice VLAN that was learned from external sources. STEP 3 Click Apply. The VLAN properties are written to the Running Configuration file. Displaying Auto Voice VLAN Settings If Auto Voice VLAN mode is enabled, use the Auto Voice VLAN page to view the relevant global and interface parameters.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN • Switch MAC Address—Base MAC address of the device. If the device's Switch MAC address is the Root Switch MAC Address, the device is the Auto Voice VLAN root device. • Voice VLAN ID Change Time—Last time that voice VLAN was updated. STEP 2 Click Restart Auto Voice VLAN to reset the voice VLAN to the default voice VLAN and restart Auto Voice VLAN discovery on all the Auto-Voice-VLAN-enabled switches in the LAN.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN - Yes—The device uses this voice VLAN to synchronize with other Auto Voice VLAN-enabled switches. This voice VLAN is the voice VLAN for the network unless a voice VLAN from a higher priority source is discovered. Only one local source is the best local source. - No—This is not the best local source.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN • Remark CoS/802.1p—Select whether to remark egress traffic. • Auto Membership Aging Time—Enter the time delay to remove a port from the voice VLAN after all of the MAC addresses of the phones detected on the ports have aged out. STEP 2 Click Apply to update the Running Configuration of the device with these values. The Telephony OUI table appears: • Telephony OUI—First six digits of the MAC address that are reserved for OUIs.
12 VLAN Management Voice VLAN Use the Telephony OUI Interface page to add an interface to the voice VLAN on the basis of the OUI identifier and to configure the OUI QoS mode of voice VLAN. To configure Telephony OUI on an interface: STEP 1 Click VLAN Management > Voice VLAN > Telephony OUI Interface. The Telephony OUI Interface page contains voice VLAN OUI parameters for all interfaces. STEP 2 To configure an interface to be a candidate port of the telephony OUI-based voice VLAN, click Edit.
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13 Spanning Tree This section describes the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) (IEEE802.1D and IEEE802.1Q) and covers the following topics: • STP Flavors • Configuring STP Status and Global Settings • Defining Spanning Tree Interface Settings • Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Settings STP Flavors STP protects a Layer 2 Broadcast domain from Broadcast storms by selectively setting links to standby mode to prevent loops. In standby mode, these links temporarily stop transferring user data.
13 Spanning Tree Configuring STP Status and Global Settings topology is naturally tree-structured, and therefore faster convergence might be possible. RSTP is enabled by default. NOTE The 200 series switches do not support MSTP. Configuring STP Status and Global Settings The STP Status and Global Settings page contains parameters for enabling STP or RSTP. Use the STP Interface Settings page and RSTP Interface Settings page to configure ports with these modes, respectively.
Spanning Tree Configuring STP Status and Global Settings 13 Bridge Settings: • Priority—Sets the bridge priority value. After exchanging BPDUs, the device with the lowest priority becomes the Root Bridge. In the case that all bridges use the same priority, then their MAC addresses are used to determine the Root Bridge. The bridge priority value is provided in increments of 4096. For example, 4096, 8192, 12288, and so on.
13 Spanning Tree Defining Spanning Tree Interface Settings Defining Spanning Tree Interface Settings The STP Interface Settings page enables you to configure STP on a per-port basis, and to view the information learned by the protocol, such as the designated bridge. The defined configuration entered is valid for all flavors of the STP protocol. To configure STP on an interface: STEP 1 Click Spanning Tree > STP Interface Settings. STEP 2 Select an interface and click Edit.
Spanning Tree Defining Spanning Tree Interface Settings • 13 BPDU Guard—Enables or disables the Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) Guard feature on the port. The BPDU Guard enables you to enforce the STP domain borders and keep the active topology predictable. The devices behind the ports that have BPDU Guard enabled cannot influence the STP topology. At the reception of BPDUs, the BPDU guard operation disables the port that has BPDU configured.
13 Spanning Tree Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Settings • Designated Bridge ID—Displays the bridge priority and the MAC address of the designated bridge. • Designated Port ID—Displays the priority and interface of the selected port. • Designated Cost—Displays the cost of the port participating in the STP topology. Ports with a lower cost are less likely to be blocked if STP detects loops.
Spanning Tree Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Settings 13 the device continues to communicate with it by using STP. Otherwise, if it has been migrated to RSTP, the device communicates with it using RSTP. STEP 5 Select an interface, and click Edit. STEP 6 Enter the parameters • Interface—Set the interface, and specify the port or LAG where RSTP is to be configured. • Point to Point Administrative Status—Define the point-to-point link status.
13 Spanning Tree Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Settings • Fast Link Operational Status—Displays whether the Fast Link (Edge Port) is enabled, disabled, or automatic for the interface. The values are: - Enabled—Fast Link is enabled. - Disabled—Fast Link is disabled. - Auto—Fast Link mode is enabled a few seconds after the interface becomes active. • Port Status—Displays the RSTP status on the specific port. - Disabled—STP is currently disabled on the port.
14 Managing MAC Address Tables This section describe how to add MAC addresses to the system. It covers the following topics: • Configuring Static MAC Addresses • Managing Dynamic MAC Addresses • Types of MAC Addresses There are two types of MAC addresses—static and dynamic. Depending on their type, MAC addresses are either stored in the Static Address table or in the Dynamic Address table, along with VLAN and port information.
14 Managing MAC Address Tables Configuring Static MAC Addresses Configuring Static MAC Addresses Static MAC addresses are assigned to a specific physical interface and VLAN on the device. If that address is detected on another interface, it is ignored, and is not written to the address table. To define a static address: STEP 1 Click MAC Address Tables > Static Addresses. The Static Addresses page contains the currently defined static addresses. STEP 2 Click Add. STEP 3 Enter the parameters.
Managing MAC Address Tables Managing Dynamic MAC Addresses 14 Managing Dynamic MAC Addresses The Dynamic Address Table (bridging table) contains the MAC addresses acquired by monitoring the source addresses of frames entering the device. To prevent this table from overflowing and to make room for new MAC addresses, an address is deleted if no corresponding traffic is received for a certain period. This period of time is the aging interval.
14 Managing MAC Address Tables Managing Dynamic MAC Addresses To delete all of the dynamic MAC addresses. click Clear Table.
15 Multicast This section describes the Multicast Forwarding feature, and covers the following topics: • Multicast Forwarding • Defining Multicast Properties • Adding MAC Group Address • Adding IP Multicast Group Addresses • Configuring IGMP Snooping • MLD Snooping • Querying IGMP/MLD IP Multicast Group • Defining Multicast Router Ports • Defining Forward All Multicast • Defining Unregistered Multicast Settings Multicast Forwarding Multicast forwarding enables one-to-many information di
15 Multicast Multicast Forwarding For Multicast forwarding to work across IP subnets, nodes, and routers must be Multicast-capable. A Multicast-capable node must be able to: • Send and receive Multicast packets. • Register the Multicast addresses being listened to by the node with local routers, so that local and remote routers can route the Multicast packet to the nodes.
15 Multicast Multicast Forwarding The device can forward Multicast streams based on one of the following options: • Multicast MAC Group Address • IP Multicast Group Address (G) • A combination of the source IP address (S) and the destination IP Multicast Group Address (G) of the Multicast packet. One of these options can be configured per VLAN. The system maintains lists of Multicast groups for each VLAN, and this manages the Multicast information that each port should receive.
15 Multicast Defining Multicast Properties • To map an IP Multicast group address to an Layer 2 Multicast address: - For IPv4, this is mapped by taking the 23 low-order bits from the IPv4 address, and adding them to the 01:00:5e prefix. By standard, the upper nine bits of the IP address are ignored, and any IP addresses that only differ in the value of these upper bits are mapped to the same Layer 2 address, since the lower 23 bits that are used are identical. For example, 234.129.2.
15 Multicast Adding MAC Group Address • IP Group Address—Based on the destination IP address of the IP packet (*,G). • Source Specific IP Group Address—Based on both the destination IP address and the source IP address of the IP packet (S,G). By selecting the forwarding mode, you can define the method used by hardware to identify Multicast flow by one of the following options: MAC Group Address, IP Group Address, or Source Specific IP Group Address.
15 Multicast Adding MAC Group Address When a frame is received from a VLAN that is configured to forward Multicast streams, based on MAC group addresses, and its destination address is a Layer 2 Multicast address, the frame is forwarded to all ports that are members of the MAC group address. The MAC Group Address page has the following functions: • Query and view information from the MFDB, relating to a specific VLAN ID or a specific MAC address group.
Multicast Adding IP Multicast Group Addresses 15 To configure and display the registration for the interfaces within the group, select an address, and click Details. The page contains: • VLAN ID—The VLAN ID of the Multicast group. • MAC Group Address—The MAC address of the group. STEP 7 Select the port or LAG to be displayed from the Filter: Interface Type menu. STEP 8 Click Go to display the port or LAG membership.
15 Multicast Adding IP Multicast Group Addresses To define and view IP Multicast groups: STEP 1 Click Multicast > IP Multicast Group Address. The page contains all of the IP Multicast group addresses learned by snooping. STEP 2 Enter the parameters required for filtering. • VLAN ID equals to—Define the VLAN ID of the group to be displayed. • IP Version equals to—Select IPv6 or IPv4. • IP Multicast Group Address equals to—Define the IP address of the Multicast group to be displayed.
15 Multicast Configuring IGMP Snooping STEP 8 For each interface, select its association type. The options are as follows: • Static—Attaches the interface to the Multicast group as a static member. • Forbidden—Specifies that this port is forbidden from joining this group on this VLAN. • None—Indicates that the port is not currently a member of this Multicast group on this VLAN. This is selected by default until Static or Forbidden is selected. STEP 9 Click Apply.
15 Multicast Configuring IGMP Snooping To enable IGMP Snooping and identify the device as an IGMP Snooping Querier on a VLAN: STEP 1 Click Multicast > IGMP Snooping. STEP 2 Enable or disable the IGMP Snooping status. When IGMP Snooping is enabled globally, the device monitoring network traffic can determine which hosts have requested to receive Multicast traffic. The device only performs IGMP Snooping if both IGMP snooping and Bridge Multicast filtering are enabled. STEP 3 Select a VLAN, and click Edit.
15 Multicast MLD Snooping • Last Member Query Counter—Enter the number of IGMP Group-Specific Queries sent before the device assumes there are no more members for the group, if the device is the elected querier. • Operational Last Member Query Counter—Displays the operational value of the Last Member Query Counter. • Last Member Query Interval—Enter the Maximum Response Delay to be used if the device cannot read Max Response Time value from groupspecific queries sent by the elected querier.
15 Multicast MLD Snooping In an approach similar to IGMP snooping, MLD frames are snooped as they are forwarded by the device from stations to an upstream Multicast router and vice versa.
Multicast Querying IGMP/MLD IP Multicast Group 15 • Operational Query Robustness—Displays the robustness variable sent by the elected querier. • Query Interval—Enter the Query Interval value to be used by the device if the device cannot derive the value from the messages sent by the elected querier. • Operational Query Interval—The time interval in seconds between General Queries received from the elected querier.
15 Multicast Defining Multicast Router Ports There might be a difference between information on this page and, for example, information displayed in the MAC Group Address page. Assuming that the system is in MAC-based groups and a port that requested to join the following Multicast groups 224.1.1.1 and 225.1.1.1, both are mapped to the same MAC Multicast address 01:00:5e:01:01:01. In this case, there is a single entry in the MAC Multicast page, but two entries on this page.
15 Multicast Defining Forward All Multicast To statically configure or see dynamically-detected ports connected to the Multicast router: STEP 1 Click Multicast > Multicast Router Port. STEP 2 Enter some or all of following query filter criteria: • VLAN ID equals to—Select the VLAN ID for the router ports that are described. • IP Version equals to—Select the IP version that the Multicast router supports. • Interface Type equals to—Select whether to display ports or LAGs. STEP 3 Click Go.
15 Multicast Defining Unregistered Multicast Settings IGMP or MLD messages are not forwarded to ports defined as Forward All. NOTE The configuration affects only the ports that are members of the selected VLAN. To define Forward All Multicast: STEP 1 Click Multicast > Forward All. STEP 2 Define the following: • VLAN ID equals to—The VLAN ID the ports/LAGs are to be displayed. • Interface Type equals to—Define whether to display ports or LAGs. STEP 3 Click Go.
Multicast Defining Unregistered Multicast Settings 15 You can select a port to receive or filter unregistered Multicast streams. The configuration is valid for any VLAN of which it is a member (or will be a member). This feature ensures that the customer receives only the Multicast groups requested and not others that may be transmitted in the network. To define unregistered Multicast settings: STEP 1 Click Multicast > Unregistered Multicast.
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16 IP Configuration IP interface addresses can be configured manually by the user, or automatically configured by a DHCP server. This section provides information for defining the device IP addresses, either manually or by making the device a DHCP client.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces If the device does not receive a DHCPv4 response in 60 seconds, it continues to send DHCPDISCOVER queries, and adopts the default IPv4 address: 192.168.1.254/24. IP address collisions occur when the same IP address is used in the same IP subnet by more than one device. Address collisions require administrative actions on the DHCP server and/or the devices that collide with the device.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces To configure the IPv4 device IP address: STEP 1 Click Administration > Management Interface > IPv4 Interface. STEP 2 Enter values for the following fields: • Management VLAN—Select the Management VLAN used to access the device through telnet or the Web GUI. VLAN1 is the default Management VLAN. • IP Address Type—Select one of the following options: - Dynamic—Discover the IP address using DHCP from the management VLAN.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces If a dynamic IP address is retrieved from the DHCP server, select those of the following fields that are enabled: • Renew IP Address Now—The device dynamic IP address can be renewed any time after it is assigned by a DHCP server. Note that depending on your DHCP server configuration, the device might receive a new IP address after the renewal that requires setting the web-based configuration utility to the new IP address.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces - All—Deletes all of the static and dynamic addresses immediately. - Dynamic—Deletes all of the dynamic addresses immediately. - Static—Deletes all of the static addresses immediately. - Normal Age Out—Deletes dynamic addresses based on the configured ARP Entry Age Out time. STEP 3 Click Apply. The ARP global settings are written to the Running Configuration file.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces IPv6 Global Configuration To define IPv6 global parameters and DHCPv6 client settings: STEP 1 Click Administration > Management Interface > IPv6 Global Configuration. STEP 2 Enter values for the following fields: • ICMPv6 Rate Limit Interval—Enter how often the ICMP error messages are generated. • ICMPv6 Rate Limit Bucket Size—Enter the maximum number of ICMP error messages that can be sent by the device per interval.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces To define an IPv6 interface: STEP 1 Click Administration > Management Interface > IPv6 Interfaces. STEP 1 STEP 2 Click Add to add a new interface on which interface IPv6 is enabled. STEP 3 Enter the field: • Pv6 Interface—Select a specific port, LAG, VLAN, or ISATAP tunnel for the IPv6 address.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces • Send ICMPv6 Messages—Enable generating unreachable destination messages. STEP 6 Click Apply to enable IPv6 processing on the selected interface.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces • Received Information Refresh Time—Refresh time received from DHCPv6 server. • Remaining Information Refresh Time—Remaining time until next refresh. • DNS Servers—List of DNS servers received from the DHCPv6 server. • DNS Domain Search List—List of domains received from the DHCPv6 server. • SNTP Servers—List of SNTP servers received from the DHCPv6 server. • POSIX Timezone String—Timezone received from the DHCPv6 server.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces Configuring Tunnels NOTE To configure a tunnel, first configure an IPv6 interface as a tunnel in the IPv6 Interfaces page. To configure an IPv6 tunnel: STEP 1 Click Administration > Management Interface > IPv6 Tunnel. STEP 2 Enter values for the following fields: • Tunnel Number—Displays the automatic tunnel router domain number. • Tunnel Type—Always ISATAP.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces Defining IPv6 Addresses To assign an IPv6 address to an IPv6 Interface: STEP 1 Click Administration > Management Interface > IPv6 Addresses STEP 1 STEP 2 To filter the table, select an interface name, and click Go. The interface appears in the IPv6 Address Table. Click Add. STEP 3 Enter values for the fields. • IPv6 Interface—Displays the interface on which the IPv6 address is to be defined.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces To define prefixes to be advertised on the interfaces of the device: STEP 5 IPv6 Default Router List The IPv6 Default Router List page enables configuring and viewing the default IPv6 router addresses. This list contains the routers that are candidates to become the device default router for non-local traffic (it may be empty). The device randomly selects a router from the list. The device supports one static IPv6 default router.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces - Unreachable—Positive confirmation was not received within the Reachable Time. - Stale—Previously-known neighboring network is unreachable, and no action is taken to verify its reachability until it is necessary to send traffic. - Delay—Previously-known neighboring network is unreachable. The device is in Delay state for a predefined Delay Time. If no confirmation is received, the state changes to Probe.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces To define IPv6 neighbors: STEP 1 Click Administration > Management Interface > IPv6 Neighbors STEP 1 STEP 2 You can select a Clear Table option to clear some or all of IPv6 addresses in the IPv6 Neighbors Table. • Static Only—Deletes the static IPv6 address entries. • Dynamic Only—Deletes the dynamic IPv6 address entries. • All Dynamic & Static—Deletes the static and dynamic address entries IPv6 address entries.
16 IP Configuration IPv4 Management and Interfaces • IPv6 Address—Enter the IPv6 network address assigned to the interface. The address must be a valid IPv6 address. • MAC Address—Enter the MAC address mapped to the specified IPv6 address. STEP 5 Click Apply. The Running Configuration file is updated. STEP 6 To change the type of an IP address from Dynamic to Static, select the address, click Edit and use the Edit IPv6 Neighbors page.
16 IP Configuration Domain Name network. Only one link local address is supported. If a link local address exists on the interface, this entry replaces the address in the configuration. - Global—An IPv6 address that is a global Unicast IPV6 type that is visible and reachable from other networks. - Point-to-Point—A Point-to-point tunnel. • Metric—Value used for comparing this route to other routes with the same destination in the IPv6 router table. All default routes have the same value.
16 IP Configuration Domain Name DNS Settings Use the DNS Settings page to enable the DNS feature, configure the DNS servers and set the default domain used by the device. STEP 1 Click IP Configuration > Domain Name > DNS Settings. STEP 2 Enter the parameters. • DNS—Select to designate the device as a DNS client, which can resolve DNS names into IP addresses through one or more configured DNS servers.
16 IP Configuration Domain Name • Source—Source of the server’s IP address (static or DHCPv4 or DHCPv6) • Interface—Interface of the server’s IP address. STEP 4 Up to eight DNS servers can be defined. To add a DNS server, click Add. Enter the parameters. • IP Version—Select Version 6 for IPv6 or Version 4 for IPv4. • IPv6 Address Type—Select the IPv6 address type (if IPv6 is used). The options are: - Link Local—The IPv6 address uniquely identifies hosts on a single network link.
16 IP Configuration Domain Name • Interface—Interface of the server’s IP address for this domain. • Preference—This is the order in which the domains are used (from low to high). This effectively determines the order in which unqualified names are completed during DNS queries. Host Mapping Host name/IP address mappings are stored in the Host Mapping Table (DNS cache). This cache can contain the following type of entries: • Static Entries—These are mapping pairs that were manually added to the cache.
16 IP Configuration Domain Name - OK—Attempt succeeded. - Negative Cache—Attempt failed, do not try again. - No Response—There was no response, but system can try again in future. • TTL— If this is a dynamic entry, how long will it remain in the cache. • Remaining TTL— If this is a dynamic entry, how much longer will it remain in the cache. STEP 3 To add a host mapping, click Add. STEP 4 Enter the parameters. 243 • IP Version—Select Version 6 for IPv6 or Version 4 for IPv4.
17 Security This section describes device security and access control. The system handles various types of security. The following list of topics describes the various types of security features described in this section. Some features are used for more than a single type of security or control, and so they appear twice in the list of topics below.
17 Security Defining Users Protection from other network users is described in the following sections. These are attacks that pass through, but are not directed at, the device. • Denial of Service Prevention • SSL Server • Defining Storm Control • Configuring Port Security Defining Users The default username/password is cisco/cisco. The first time that you log in with the default username and password, you are required to enter a new password. Password complexity is enabled by default.
17 Security Defining Users When password recovery mechanism is disabled, accessing the boot menu is still allowed and you can trigger the password recovery process. The difference is that in this case, all configuration and user files are removed during the system boot process, and a suitable log message is generated to the terminal. STEP 3 Click Add to add a new user or click Edit to modify a user. STEP 4 Enter the parameters. • User Name—Enter a new username between 0 and 20 characters.
17 Security Defining Users NOTE Password aging also applies to zero-length passwords (no password). STEP 3 Select Password Complexity Settings to enable complexity rules for passwords. If password complexity is enabled, new passwords must conform to the following default settings: • Have a minimum length of eight characters. • Contain characters from at least three character classes (uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters available on a standard keyboard).
17 Security Configuring RADIUS Configuring RADIUS Remote Authorization Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) servers provide a centralized 802.1X or MAC-based network access control. The device is a RADIUS client that can use a RADIUS server to provide centralized security. An organization can establish a Remote Authorization Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) server to provide centralized 802.1X or MAC-based network access control for all of its devices.
17 Security Configuring RADIUS Interactions With Other Features You cannot enable accounting on both a RADIUS and TACACS+ server. Radius Workflow To user a RADIUS server, do the following: STEP 1 Open an account for the device on the RADIUS server. STEP 2 Configure that server along with the other parameters in the RADIUS and ADD RADIUS Server pages.
17 Security Configuring RADIUS STEP 3 Click Apply. The RADIUS default settings for the device are updated in the Running Configuration file. To add a RADIUS server, click Add. STEP 4 Enter the values in the fields for each RADIUS server. To use the default values entered in the RADIUS page, select Use Default. • Server Definition—Select whether to specify the RADIUS server by IP address or name. • IPv6 Address Type—Displays that IPv6 address type is Global.
17 Security Configuring Management Access Authentication • Authentication Port—Enter the UDP port number of the RADIUS server port for authentication requests. • Retries—Enter the number of requests that are sent to the RADIUS server before a failure is considered to have occurred. If Use Default is selected, the device uses the default value for the number of retries. • Dead Time—Enter the number of minutes that must pass before a nonresponsive RADIUS server is bypassed for service requests.
17 Security Defining Management Access Method If an authentication method fails or the user has insufficient privilege level, the user is denied access to the device. In other words, if authentication fails at an authentication method, the device stops the authentication attempt; it does not continue and does not attempt to use the next authentication method. To define authentication methods for an access method: STEP 1 Click Security > Management Access Authentication.
17 Security Defining Management Access Method Access profiles consist of one or more rules. The rules are executed in order of their priority within the access profile (top to bottom).
17 Security Defining Management Access Method A caution message displays if you selected any other access profile, warning you that, depending on the selected access profile, you might be disconnected from the web-based configuration utility. STEP 3 Click OK to select the active access profile or click Cancel to discontinue the action. STEP 4 Click Add to open the Add Access Profile page. The page allows you to configure a new profile and one rule. STEP 5 Enter the Access Profile Name.
17 Security Defining Management Access Method • Applies to Source IP Address—Select the type of source IP address to which the access profile applies. The Source IP Address field is valid for a subnetwork. Select one of the following values: - All—Applies to all types of IP addresses. - User Defined—Applies to only those types of IP addresses defined in the fields. • IP Address—Enter the source IP address.
17 Security Defining Management Access Method The selected access profile appears in the Profile Rule Table. STEP 3 Click Add to add a rule. STEP 4 Enter the parameters. • Access Profile Name—Select an access profile. • Rule Priority—Enter the rule priority. When the packet is matched to a rule, user groups are either granted or denied access to the device. The rule priority is essential to matching packets to rules, as packets are matched on a first-fit basis.
17 Security SSL Server • IP Version—Select the supported IP version of the source address: IPv6 or IPv4. • IP Address—Enter the source IP address. • Mask—Select the format for the subnet mask for the source IP address, and enter a value in one of the field: - Network Mask—Select the subnet to which the source IP address belongs and enter the subnet mask in dotted decimal format. - Prefix Length—Select the Prefix Length and enter the number of bits that comprise the source IP address prefix.
17 Security SSL Server Default Settings and Configuration By default, the device contains a certificate that can be modified. HTTPS is enabled by default. SSL Server Authentication Settings It may be required to generate a new certificate to replace the default certificate found on the device. To create a new certificate, modify an existing one, or import a certificate: STEP 1 Click Security > SSL Server > SSL Server Authentication Settings.
17 Security Configuring TCP/UDP Services • Duration—Specifies the number of days a certification is valid. Generate Certificate Request—Generate a certificate request to be signed by a CA. - Enter the fields for the certificate (same as fields in Edit page). STEP 4 Click Generate Certificate Request. This creates a key that must be entered on the CA. • • Import Certificate—When the approval is received from the CA, enter the following: - Certificate ID—Select the active certificate.
17 Security Configuring TCP/UDP Services • HTTP—Enabled by factory default • HTTPS—Enabled by factory default • SNMP—Disabled by factory default • SSH—Disabled by factory default The active TCP connections are also displayed in this window. To configure TCP/UDP services: STEP 1 Click Security > TCP/UDP Services. STEP 2 Enable or disable the following TCP/UDP services on the displayed services. • HTTP Service—Indicates whether the HTTP service is enabled or disabled.
17 Security Defining Storm Control • Type—IP protocol the service uses. • Local IP Address—Local IP address through which the device is offering the service. • Local Port—Local UDP port through which the device is offering the service. • Application Instance—The service instance of the UDP service. (For example, when two senders send data to the same destination.) STEP 3 Click Apply. The services are written to the Running Configuration file.
17 Security Configuring Port Security • Storm Control Rate Threshold—Enter the maximum rate at which unknown packets can be forwarded. The default for this threshold is 10,000 for FE devices and 100,000 for GE devices. • Storm Control Mode—Select one of the modes: - Unknown Unicast, Multicast & Broadcast—Counts unknown Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast traffic towards the bandwidth threshold. - Multicast & Broadcast—Counts Broadcast and Multicast traffic towards the bandwidth threshold.
17 Security Configuring Port Security • Secure Delete on Reset—Deletes the current dynamic MAC addresses associated with the port after reset. New MAC addresses can be learned as Delete-On-Reset ones up to the maximum addresses allowed on the port. Relearning and aging are disabled.
17 Security Configuring Port Security - Limited Dynamic Lock—Locks the port by deleting the current dynamic MAC addresses associated with the port. The port learns up to the maximum addresses allowed on the port. Both re-learning and aging of MAC addresses are enabled. - Secure Permanent—Keeps the current dynamic MAC addresses associated with the port and learns up to the maximum number of addresses allowed on the port (set by Max No. of Addresses Allowed). Relearning and aging are enabled.
17 Security Configuring 802.1X Configuring 802.1X Port-based access control has the effect of creating two types of access on the device ports. One type of access enables uncontrolled communication, regardless of the authorization state (uncontrolled port). The other type of access authorizes communication between a host and the device. The 802.1x is an IEEE standard for port-based network access control. The 802.
17 Security Configuring 802.1X • (Optional) Define one or more static VLANs as unauthenticated VLANs as described in the Defining 802.1X Properties section. 802.1x authorized and unauthorized devices or ports can always send or receive packets to or from unauthenticated VLANs. • Define 802.1X settings for each port by using the Edit Port Authentication page. Note the following: • You can select the Guest VLAN field to have untagged incoming frames go to the guest VLAN.
17 Security Configuring 802.1X STEP 3 Click Apply. The 802.1X properties are written to the Running Configuration file. Defining 802.1X Port Authentication The Port Authentication page enables configuration of 802.1X parameters for each port. Since some of the configuration changes are only possible while the port is in Force Authorized state, such as host authentication, it is recommended that you change the port control to Force Authorized before making changes.
17 Security Configuring 802.1X • Authentication Method—Select the authentication method for the port. The options are: - 802.1X Only—802.1X authentication is the only authentication method performed on the port. • Periodic Reauthentication—Select to enable port re-authentication attempts after the specified Reauthentication Period. • Reauthentication Period—Enter the number of seconds after which the selected port is reauthenticated.
17 Security Configuring 802.1X Defining Host and Session Authentication The Host and Session Authentication page enables defining the mode in which 802.1X operates on the port and the action to perform if a violation has been detected. The 802.1X modes are: • Single—Only a single authorized host can access the port. (Port Security cannot be enabled on a port in single-host mode.) • Multiple Host (802.1X)—Multiple hosts can be attached to a single 802.1Xenabled port.
17 Security Configuring 802.1X STEP 2 Select a port, and click Edit. STEP 3 Enter the parameters. • Interface—Enter a port number for which host authentication is enabled. • Host Authentication—Select one of the modes. These modes are described above in Defining Host and Session Authentication. The following fields are only relevant if you select Single in the Host Authentication field.
17 Security Denial of Service Prevention • • Authentication Method—Method by which the last session was authenticated. The options are: - None—No authentication is applied; it is automatically authorized. - RADIUS—Supplicant was authenticated by a RADIUS server. MAC Address—Displays the supplicant MAC address. Denial of Service Prevention A Denial of Service (DoS) attack is a hacker attempt to make a device unavailable to its users.
17 Security Denial of Service Prevention address (response to the ACK Packet). However, because the sender address is false, the response never comes. These half-open connections saturate the number of available connections the device is able to make, keeping it from responding to legitimate requests. In addition, the potential number of packets to the CPU is limited and the attack traffic might consume this number of packets. These packets can be blocked in the SYN Protection page.
17 Security Denial of Service Prevention • All other DoS Prevention features are disabled by default. Configuring DoS Prevention The following pages are used to configure this feature. Security Suite Settings To configure DoS Prevention global settings and monitor SCT: STEP 1 Click Security > Denial of Service Prevention > Security Suite Settings. The Security Suite Settings displays. CPU Protection Mechanism: Enabled indicates that SCT is enabled.
17 Security Denial of Service Prevention - Disable—The feature is disabled on a specific interface. - Report—Generates a SYSLOG message.The status of the port is changed to Attacked when the threshold is passed. • SYN Protection Threshold—Number of SYN packets per second before SYN packets will be blocked (deny SYN with MAC-to-me rule will be applied on the port). • SYN Protection Period—Time in seconds before unblocking the SYN packets (the deny SYN with MAC-to-me rule is unbound from the port).
17 275 Security Denial of Service Prevention Cisco Small Business 200 Series Smart Switch Administration Guide
18 Security: SSH Client This section describes the device when it functions as an SSH client. It covers the following topics: • Secure Copy (SCP) and SSH • Protection Methods • SSH Server Authentication • SSH Client Authentication • Before You Begin • Common Tasks • SSH Client Configuration Through the GUI Secure Copy (SCP) and SSH Secure Shell or SSH is a network protocol that enables data to be exchanged on a secure channel between an SSH client (in this case, the device) and an SSH server.
18 Security: SSH Client Protection Methods When files are downloaded via TFTP or HTTP, the data transfer is unsecured. When files are downloaded via SCP, the information is downloaded from the SCP server to the device via a secure channel. The creation of this secure channel is preceded by authentication, which ensures that the user is permitted to perform the operation.
18 Security: SSH Client Protection Methods The username/password must then be created on the device. When data is transferred from the server to the device, the username/password supplied by the device must match the username/password on the server. Data can be encrypted using a one-time symmetric key negotiated during the session. Each device being managed must have its own username/password, although the same username/password can be used for multiple switches.
18 Security: SSH Client SSH Server Authentication When a private key is created on a device, it is also possible to create an associated passphrase. This passphrase is used to encrypt the private key and to import it into the remaining switches. In this way, all the switches can use the same public/private key. SSH Server Authentication A device, as an SSH client, only communicates with a trusted SSH server.
18 Security: SSH Client SSH Client Authentication SSH Client Authentication SSH client authentication by password is enabled by default, with the username/ password being “anonymous”. The user must configure the following information for authentication: • The authentication method to be used. • The username/password or public/private key pair. In order to support auto configuration of an out-of-box device (device with factory default configuration), SSH server authentication is disabled by default.
18 Security: SSH Client Before You Begin Before You Begin The following actions must be performed before using the SCP feature: • When using the password authentication method, a username/password must be set up on the SSH server. • When using public/private keys authentication method, the public key must be stored on the SSH server. Common Tasks This section describes some common tasks performed using the SSH client. All pages referenced are pages found under the SSH Client branch of the menu tree.
18 Security: SSH Client Common Tasks STEP 4 If the public/private key method is being used, perform the following steps: a. Select whether to use an RSA or DSA key, create a username and then generate the public/private keys. b. View the generated key by clicking the Details button, and transfer the username and public key to the SSH server. This action depends on the server and is not described in this guide. c.
18 Security: SSH Client SSH Client Configuration Through the GUI SSH Client Configuration Through the GUI This section describes the pages used to configure the SSH Client feature. SSH User Authentication Use this page to select an SSH user authentication method, set a username and password on the device, if the password method is selected or generate an RSA or DSA key, if the public/private key method is selected. To select an authentication method, and set the username/password/keys.
Security: SSH Client SSH Client Configuration Through the GUI • Key Source—Auto Generated or User Defined. • Fingerprint—Fingerprint generated from the key. 18 STEP 6 To handle an RSA or DSA key, select either RSA or DSA and perform one of the following actions: • Generate—Generate a new key. • Edit—Display the keys for copying/pasting to another device. • Delete—Delete the key. • Details—Display the keys.
18 Security: SSH Client SSH Client Configuration Through the GUI STEP 1 Click Security > SSH Client > Change User Password on SSH Server. STEP 2 Enter the following fields: • Server Definition—Define the SSH server by selecting either By IP Address or By Name. Enter the server name or IP address of the server in the Server IP Address/Name field. • IP Version—If you selected to specify the SSH server by IP address, select whether that IP address is an IPv4 or IPv6 address.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management Secure Sensitive Data (SSD) is an architecture that facilitates the protection of sensitive data on a device, such as passwords and keys. The facility makes use of passphrases, encryption, access control, and user authentication to provide a secure solution to managing sensitive data. The facility is extended to protect the integrity of configuration files, to secure the configuration process, and to support SSD zero-touch auto configuration.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management SSD Rules SSD grants read permission to sensitive data only to authenticated and authorized users, and according to SSD rules. A device authenticates and authorizes management access to users through the user authentication process.
Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management SSD Rules 19 NOTE A device may not support all the channels defined by SSD. Elements of an SSD Rule An SSD rule includes the following elements: • User type—The user types supported in order of most preference to least preference are as follows: (If a user matches multiple SSD rules, the rule with the most preference User Type will be applied). - Specific—The rule applies to a specific user.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management SSD Rules - (Higher) Plaintext Only—Users are permitted to access sensitive data in plaintext only. Users will also have read and write permission to SSD parameters as well. - (Highest) Both—Users have both encrypted and plaintext permissions and are permitted to access sensitive data as encrypted and in plaintext. Users will also have read and write permission to SSD parameters as well. Each management channel allows specific read permissions.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management SSD Rules Table 2 Default Read Modes for Read Permissions Read Permission Default Read Mode Allowed Both *Plaintext, Encrypted * The Read mode of a session can be temporarily changed in the SSD Properties page if the new read mode does not violate the read permission. NOTE Note the following: • The default Read mode for the Secure XML SNMP and Insecure XML SNMP management channels must be identical to their read permission.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management SSD Rules NOTE When doing a file transfer initiated by an XML or SNMP command, the underlying protocol used is TFTP. Therefore, the SSD rule for insecure channel will apply. SSD Rules and User Authentication SSD grants SSD permission only to authenticated and authorized users and according to the SSD rules. A device depends on its user authentication process to authenticate and authorize management access.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management SSD Properties Table 3 Default SSD Rules Rule Key Rule Action User Channel Read Permission Default Read Mode All Secure Encrypted Only Encrypted All Insecure Encrypted Only Encrypted The default rules can be modified, but they cannot be deleted. If the SSD default rules have been changed, they can be restored.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management SSD Properties Passphrase A passphrase is the basis of the security mechanism in the SSD feature, and is used to generate the key for the encryption and decryption of sensitive data. Sx200, Sx300, Sx500, and SG500X/ESW2-550X series switches that have the same passphrase are able to decrypt each other's sensitive data encrypted with the key generated from the passphrase. A passphrase must comply with the following rules: • Length—Between 8-16 characters.
Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management SSD Properties 19 automatically changed to the passphrase in the startup configuration file, when the startup configuration becomes the running configuration of the device. When a device is reset to factory default, the local passphrase is reset to the default passphrase.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management Configuration Files A device determines whether the integrity of a configuration file is protected by examining the File Integrity Control command in the file's SSD Control block. If a file is integrity protected but a device finds the integrity of the file is not intact, the device rejects the file. Otherwise, the file is accepted for further processing.
Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management Configuration Files 19 • A text-based configuration that does not include an SSD indicator is considered not to contain sensitive data. • The SSD indicator is used to enforce SSD read permissions on text-based configuration files, but is ignored when copying the configuration files to the Running or Startup Configuration file.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management Configuration Files • If there is a passphrase in the SSD control block of the source configuration file, the device will reject the source file, and the copy fails if there is encrypted sensitive data in the file not encrypted by the key generated from the passphrase in the SSD control block.
Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management Configuration Files 19 • When copied from a source file, the copy will fail if the passphrase in the source file is in plaintext. If the passphrase is encrypted, it is ignored. • When directly configuring the passphrase, (non file copy), in the Running Configuration, the passphrase in the command must be entered in plaintext. Otherwise, the command is rejected.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management Configuration Files • A user with Exclude permission cannot access mirror and backup configuration files with their file SSD indicator showing either encrypted or plaintext sensitive data. The user should not manually change the file SSD indicator that conflicts with the sensitive data, if any, in the file. Otherwise, plaintext sensitive data may be unexpectedly exposed.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management SSD Management Channels If the device creating the configuration file is in Unrestricted passphrase control mode, the device includes the passphrase in the file. As a result, the user can auto configure the target devices, including devices that are out-of-the-box or in factory default, with the configuration file without manually pre-configuring the target devices with the passphrase.
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management Menu CLI and Password Recovery HTTP based file transfer Insecure HTTPS based file transfer Secure HTTPS-based file transfer Menu CLI and Password Recovery The Menu CLI interface is only allowed to users if their read permissions are Both or Plaintext Only. Other users are rejected. Sensitive data in the Menu CLI is always displayed as plaintext.
Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management Configuring SSD 19 • Configuration File Passphrase Control—Select an option as described in Configuration File Passphrase Control. • Configuration File Integrity Control—Select to enable this feature. See Configuration File Integrity Control. STEP 3 Select a Read mode for the current session (see Elements of an SSD Rule).
19 Security: Secure Sensitive Data Management Configuring SSD • • - Secure—Indicates that this rule applies only to secure channels (console, SCP, SSH and HTTPS), not including the SNMP and XML channels. - Insecure—Indicates that this rule applies only to insecure channels (Telnet, TFTP and HTTP), not including the SNMP and XML channels. - Secure XML SNMP—Indicates that this rule applies only to XML over HTTPS and SNMPv3 with privacy.
20 Quality of Service The Quality of Service feature is applied throughout the network to ensure that network traffic is prioritized according to required criteria and the desired traffic receives preferential treatment.
20 Quality of Service QoS Features and Components QoS Features and Components The QoS feature is used to optimize network performance.
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General QoS Workflow To configure general QoS parameters, perform the following: STEP 1 Enable QoS by using the QoS Properties page to select the trust mode. Then enable QoS on ports by using the Interface Settings page. STEP 2 Assign each interface a default CoS or DSCP priority by using the QoS Properties page. STEP 3 Assign the schedule method (Strict Priority or WRR) and bandwidth allocation for WRR to the egress queues by using the Queue page.
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General STEP 3 Select a trust mode (CoS/802.1p or DSCP) and click Apply. STEP 4 If you selected DSCP, proceed to STEP 6; if you selected CoS, proceed to the next step. STEP 5 Select Port/LAG and click GO to display/modify all ports/LAGs on the device and their CoS information. The following fields are displayed for all ports/LAGs: • Interface—Type of interface. • Default CoS—Default VPT value for incoming packets that do not have a VLAN Tag.
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General Interface QoS Settings The Interface Settings page enables configuring QoS on each port of the device, as follows: QoS State Disabled on an Interface—All inbound traffic on the port is mapped to the best effort queue and no classification/prioritization takes place. QoS State of the Port is Enabled—Port prioritize traffic on ingress is based on the system wide configured trusted mode, which is either CoS/ 802.1p trusted mode or DSCP trusted mode.
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General • Weighted Round Robin (WRR)—In WRR mode the number of packets sent from the queue is proportional to the weight of the queue (the higher the weight the more frames are sent).
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General STEP 3 Click Apply. The queues are configured, and the Running Configuration file is updated. Mapping CoS/802.1p to a Queue The CoS/802.1p to Queue page maps 802.1p priorities to egress queues. The CoS/802.1p to Queue Table determines the egress queues of the incoming packets based on the 802.1p priority in their VLAN Tags. For incoming untagged packets, the 802.1p priority is the default CoS/802.1p priority assigned to the ingress ports.
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General Default Mapping for 8 Queues Notes 802.
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General • Output Queue—Select the egress queue to which the 802.1p priority is mapped. Either four or eight egress queues are supported, where Queue 4 or Queue 8 is the highest priority egress queue and Queue1 is the lowest priority. STEP 3 For each 802.1p priority, select the Output Queue to which it is mapped. STEP 4 Click Apply. 801.1p priority values to queues are mapped, and the Running Configuration file is updated.
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General Table 4 DSCP to Queue Default Mapping – 4 Queues System DSCP 59 51 43 35 27 19 11 3 Queue 3 3 4 3 3 2 1 1 DSCP 58 50 42 34 26 18 10 2 Queue 3 3 4 3 3 2 1 1 DSCP 57 49 41 33 25 17 9 1 Queue 3 3 4 3 3 2 1 1 DSCP 56 48 40 32 24 16 8 0 Queue 3 3 4 3 3 2 1 1 Table 5 DSCP to Queue Default Mapping – 8 Queues System (7 is highest and 8 is used for stack control purposes) 313 DSCP 63 55 47
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General Table 5 DSCP to Queue Default Mapping – 8 Queues System (7 is highest and 8 is used for stack control purposes) Queue 6 6 7 5 4 3 2 1 DSCP 56 48 40 32 24 16 8 0 Queue 6 6 6 7 6 6 1 1 Table 6 DSCP to Queue Default Mapping – 8 Queues System (8 is highest) DSCP 63 55 47 39 31 23 15 7 Queue 7 7 8 6 5 4 3 1 DSCP 62 54 46 38 30 22 14 6 Queue 7 7 8 6 5 4 3 1 DSCP 61 53 45 37 29 21 13 5 Queue
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General To map DSCP to queues: STEP 1 Click Quality of Service > General > DSCP to Queue. The DSCP to Queue page contains Ingress DSCP. It displays the DSCP value in the incoming packet and its associated class. STEP 2 Select the Output Queue (traffic forwarding queue) to which the DSCP value is mapped. STEP 3 Click Apply. The Running Configuration file is updated.
20 Quality of Service Configuring QoS - General • Ingress Rate Limit—Select to enable the ingress rate limit, which is defined in the field below. • Ingress Rate Limit—Enter the maximum amount of bandwidth allowed on the interface. NOTE The two Ingress Rate Limit fields do not appear when the interface type is LAG. • Ingress Committed Burst Size (CBS)—Enter the maximum burst size of data for the ingress interface in bytes of data.
20 Quality of Service Managing QoS Statistics To define egress shaping per queue: STEP 1 Click Quality of Service > General > Egress Shaping per Queue. The Egress Shaping Per Queue page displays the rate limit and burst size for each queue. STEP 2 Select an interface type (Port or LAG), and click Go. STEP 3 Select a Port/LAG, and click Edit. This page enables shaping the egress for up to eight queues on each interface. STEP 4 Select the Interface.
20 Quality of Service Managing QoS Statistics To view Queues Statistics: STEP 1 Click Quality of Service > QoS Statistics > Queues Statistics. This page displays the following fields: • • Refresh Rate—Select the time period that passes before the interface Ethernet statistics are refreshed. The available options are: - No Refresh—Statistics are not refreshed. - 15 Sec—Statistics are refreshed every 15 seconds. - 30 Sec—Statistics are refreshed every 30 seconds.
20 Quality of Service Managing QoS Statistics • Drop Precedence—Lowest drop precedence has the lowest probability of being dropped. • Total Packets—Number of packets forwarded or tail dropped. • Tail Drop Packets—Percentage of packets that were tail dropped. STEP 4 Click Add. STEP 5 Enter the parameters. • • Counter Set—Select the counter set: - Set 1—Displays the statistics for Set 1 that contains all interfaces and queues with a high DP (Drop Precedence).
21 SNMP This section describes the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) feature that provides a method for managing network devices.
21 SNMP SNMP Versions and Workflow SNMPv1 and v2 To control access to the system, a list of community entries is defined. Each community entry consists of a community string and its access privilege. The system responds only to SNMP messages specifying the community which has the correct permissions and correct operation. SNMP agents maintain a list of variables that are used to manage the device. These variables are defined in the Management Information Base (MIB).
21 SNMP SNMP Versions and Workflow If you decide to use SNMPv1 or v2: STEP 1 Navigate to the SNMP -> Communities page and click Add. The community can be associated with access rights and a view in Basic mode or with a group in Advanced mode. There are two ways to define access rights of a community: • Basic mode—The access rights of a community can configure with Read Only, Read Write, or SNMP Admin.
21 SNMP Model OIDs STEP 7 Define a notification recipient(s) by using the Notification Recipients SNMPv3 page. Supported MIBs For a list of supported MIBs, visit the following URL and navigate to the download area listed as Cisco MIBS: www.cisco.com/cisco/software/navigator.html Model OIDs The following are the device model Object IDs (OIDs): Smart Switch Models 323 Model Name Description Object ID SG200-18 16 GE ports + 2 GE special-purpose combo ports 9.6.1.88.18.
21 SNMP SNMP Engine ID The private Object IDs are placed under: enterprises(1).cisco(9).otherEnterprises(6).ciscosb(1).switch001(101). SNMP Engine ID The Engine ID is used by SNMPv3 entities to uniquely identify them. An SNMP agent is considered an authoritative SNMP engine. This means that the agent responds to incoming messages (Get, GetNext, GetBulk, Set) and sends trap messages to a manager. The agent's local information is encapsulated in fields in the message.
21 SNMP Configuring SNMP Views All remote engine IDs and their IP addresses are displayed in the Remote Engine ID table. STEP 3 Click Apply. The Running Configuration file is updated. The Remote Engine ID table shows the mapping between IP addresses of the engine and Engine ID. To add the IP address of an engine ID: STEP 4 Click Add. Enter the following fields: • Server Definition—Select whether to specify the Engine ID server by IP address or name. • IP Version—Select the supported IP format.
21 SNMP Configuring SNMP Views Each subtree is either included or excluded in the view being defined. The Views page enables creating and editing SNMP views. The default views (Default, DefaultSuper) cannot be changed. Views can be attached to groups in the Groups page or to a community which employs basic access mode through the Communities page. To define SNMP views: STEP 1 Click SNMP > Views. STEP 2 Click Add to define new views. STEP 3 Enter the parameters.
21 SNMP Creating SNMP Groups • Object ID Subtree View Type—Displays whether the defined subtree is included or excluded in the selected SNMP view. Creating SNMP Groups In SNMPv1 and SNMPv2, a community string is sent along with the SNMP frames. The community string acts as a password to gain access to an SNMP agent. However, neither the frames nor the community string are encrypted. Therefore, SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 are not secure. In SNMPv3, the following security mechanisms can be configured.
21 SNMP Creating SNMP Groups • Security Model—Select the SNMP version attached to the group, SNMPv1, v2, or v3. Three types of views with various security levels can be defined. For each security level, select the views for Read, Write and Notify by entering the following fields: • Enable—Select this field to enable the Security Level. • Security Level—Define the security level attached to the group. SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 support neither authentication nor privacy.
21 SNMP Managing SNMP Users Managing SNMP Users An SNMP user is defined by the login credentials (username, passwords, and authentication method) and by the context and scope in which it operates by association with a group and an Engine ID. The configured user have the attributes of its group, having the access privileges configured within the associated view. Groups enable network managers to assign access rights to a group of users instead of to a single user. A user can only belong to a single group.
21 SNMP Managing SNMP Users information. Enter the remote engine ID. • Group Name—Select the SNMP group to which the SNMP user belongs. SNMP groups are defined in the Add Group page. NOTE Users, who belong to groups which have been deleted, remain, but they are inactive. • Authentication Method—Select the Authentication method that varies according to the Group Name assigned. If the group does not require authentication, then the user cannot configure any authentication.
21 SNMP Defining SNMP Communities Defining SNMP Communities Access rights in SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 are managed by defining communities in the Communities page. The community name is a type of shared password between the SNMP management station and the device. It is used to authenticate the SNMP management station. Communities are only defined in SNMPv1 and v2 because SNMPv3 works with users instead of communities. The users belong to groups that have access rights assigned to them.
21 SNMP Defining SNMP Communities - Link Local—The IPv6 address uniquely identifies hosts on a single network link. A link local address has a prefix of FE80, is not routable, and can be used for communication only on the local network. Only one link local address is supported. If a link local address exists on the interface, this entry replaces the address in the configuration. - Global—The IPv6 address is a global Unicast IPV6 type that is visible and reachable from other networks.
21 SNMP Defining Trap Settings Defining Trap Settings The Trap Settings page enables configuring whether SNMP notifications are sent from the device, and for which cases. The recipients of the SNMP notifications can be configured in the Notification Recipients SNMPv1,2 page, or the Notification Recipients SNMPv3 page. To define trap settings: STEP 1 Click SNMP > Trap Settings. STEP 2 Select Enable for SNMP Notifications to specify that the device can send SNMP notifications.
21 SNMP Notification Recipients It is also possible to filter certain notifications. This can be done by creating a filter in the Notification Filter page and attaching it to an SNMP notification recipient. The notification filter enables filtering the type of SNMP notifications that are sent to the management station based on the OID of the notification that is about to be sent.
21 SNMP Notification Recipients • Retries—Enter the number of times that the device resends an inform request. • Community String—Select from the pull-down the community string of the trap manager. Community String names are generated from those listed in the Community page. • Notification Version—Select the trap SNMP version. Either SNMPv1 or SNMPv2 may be used as the version of traps, with only a single version enabled at a time.
21 SNMP Notification Recipients - Link Local—The IPv6 address uniquely identifies hosts on a single network link. A link local address has a prefix of FE80, is not routable, and can be used for communication only on the local network. Only one link local address is supported. If a link local address exists on the interface, this entry replaces the address in the configuration. - Global—The IPv6 address is a global Unicast IPV6 type that is visible and reachable from other networks.
21 SNMP SNMP Notification Filters • Notification Filter—Select to enable filtering the type of SNMP notifications sent to the management station. The filters are created in the Notification Filter page. • Filter Name—Select the SNMP filter that defines the information contained in traps (defined in the Notification Filter page). STEP 4 Click Apply. The SNMP Notification Recipient settings are written to the Running Configuration file.
21 SNMP SNMP Notification Filters - If Object ID is used, the entered object identifier is included in the view if the Include in filter option is selected. STEP 4 Select or deselect Include in filter. If this is selected, the selected MIBs are included in the filter, otherwise they are excluded. STEP 5 Click Apply. The SNMP views are defined and the running configuration is updated.
