User Manual



k 


Z 

z
= (o – μ
0
)/(σ/'n )
Z 

z
= (o
1
– o
2
)/ (σ /n
1
) + (σ /n
2
)
2
1
2
2
Z 

z
= (x/n – p
0
)/ p
0
(1 – p
0
)/n


Z 

z
= (x
1
/n
1
– x
2
/n
2
)/ pˆ (1 – pˆ )(1/n
1
+ 1/n
2
)


t 

t = (o – μ
0
)/(s
x
/'n )



t 

t = (o
1
– o
2
)/ s
p
2
(1/n
1
+ 1/n
2
)
df = n
1
+ n
2
− 2
s
p
= ((
n
1
– 1)s
x
1
2
+ (n
2
– 1)s
x
2
2
)/(n
1
+ n
2
– 2)


t 

t = (o
1
– o
2
)/ s
x
1
2
/n
1
+ s
x
2
2
/n
2
C = (s
x
1
2
/n
1
)/(s
x
1
2
/n
1
+ s
x
2
2
/n
2
)
df = 1/(C
2
/(n
1
– 1) + (1 – C)
2
/(n
2
– 1))


t 

t = r (n – 2)/(1 – r
2
)
b =
Σ
(x
i
– o)(y
i
– p)/
Σ
(x
i
– o)
2
a = p – bo
i=1
n
i=1
n

χ



O
i
i 󰂎

E
i
i 󰂎
χ



O
ij
󰄵i j 

E
ij
󰄵i j 

F 

F = s
x
1
2
/s
x
2
2



F = MS/MSe
SS
=
Σ
n
i
(o
i
− o)
2
MS = SS/Fdf MSe = SSe/Ed
f
i=1
k
Fdf = k − 1 Edf =
Σ
(n
i
– 1)
SSe =
Σ
(n
i
– 1)s
xi
2
i=1
k
i=1
k


χ
2
=
Σ
(O
i
− E
i
)
2
/E
i
i
k
χ
2
=
ΣΣ
(O
ij
− E
ij
)
2
/E
ij
i
k
j
R
E
ij
=
Σ
O
ij • Σ
O
ij
/
Σ Σ
O
i
j
i=1
k
i=1
k
j=1
R
j=1
R