EN fx-100MS fx-570MS fx-991MS (2nd edition / S-V.P.A.M.) User’s Guide CASIO Worldwide Education Website https://edu.casio.com Manuals are available in multi languages at https://world.casio.
Table of Contents Before Using the Calculator.................................................... 4 About this Manual.................................................................................... 4 Initializing the Calculator.......................................................................... 4 Precautions.............................................................................................. 4 Getting Started.................................................................................
Function Calculations............................................................ 27 Pi ( π ), Natural Logarithm Base e ..........................................................27 Pi ( π ).............................................................................................................27 Natural Logarithm Base e ............................................................................ 27 Trigonometric Functions, Inverse Trigonometric Functions................... 28 Trigonometric Functions...
Vector Answer Memory................................................................................. 63 Assigning and Editing Vector Variable Data..................................................63 Vector Calculation Examples........................................................................ 64 Technical Information............................................................ 66 Errors.....................................................................................................
Before Using the Calculator About this Manual • In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of this product and items that come with it. • Moreover, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any claim of any kind whatsoever by any other party arising out of the use of this product and the items that come with it.
Handling Precautions • Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery according to the schedule shown below. Continued use after the specified number of years may result in abnormal operation. Replace the battery immediately after display figures become dim. fx-100MS/fx-570MS: Every two years fx-991MS: Every three years • A dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never leave a dead battery in the calculator.
Turning Power On and Off • Press • Press to turn on the calculator. (OFF) to turn off the calculator. Note • The calculator also will turn off automatically after approximately 10 minutes of nonuse. Press the key to turn the calculator back on. Adjusting Display Contrast . 1. Press • This displays the display setup screen. 2. Press . 3. Use and to adjust display contrast. 4. After the setting is the way you want, press .
If key marking text is this color: It means this: Yellow Press and then the key to access the applicable function. Red Press and then the key to input the applicable variable, constant, function, or symbol. Purple (or enclosed in purple brackets) Enter the CMPLX Mode to access the function. Blue (or enclosed in blue brackets) Enter the SD Mode and REG Mode to access the function. Green Enter the BASE Mode to access the function.
(1) Calculation formula (2) Calculation result (3) Indicators • The table below describes some of the typical indicators that appear at the top of the screen (3). This indicator: Means this: The keypad has been shifted by pressing the key. The keypad will unshift and this indicator will disappear when you press a key. The alpha input mode has been entered by pressing the key. The alpha input mode will be exited and this indicator will disappear when you press a key.
Calculation Modes and Calculator Setup Calculation Mode Before starting a calculation, you must first enter the correct mode as indicated in the table below.
When you want to perform this type of operation: Calculations involving specific number systems (binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal) Perform this key operation: (BASE) Equation solution (EQN) Matrix calculations (MAT) Vector calculations (VCT) Note • The initial default calculation mode is the COMP Mode. • Mode indicators appear in the upper part of the display, except for the BASE indicators, which appear in the exponent part of the display.
Fix: The value you specify (from 0 to 9) controls the number of decimal places for displayed calculation results. Calculation results are rounded off to the specified digit before being displayed. Example: 100 ÷ 7 = 14.286 (Fix 3) 14.29 (Fix 2) Sci: The value you specify (from 1 to 10) controls the number of significant digits for displayed calculation results. Calculation results are rounded off to the specified digit before being displayed. Example: 1 ÷ 7 = 1.4286 × 10-1 (Sci 5) 1.
ab/c d/c Specifies either mixed fraction (ab/c) or improper fraction (d/c) for display of fractions in calculation results. Dot Comma Specifies whether to display a dot or a comma for the calculation result decimal point. A dot is always displayed during input. Dot: Period decimal point, comma separator Comma: Comma decimal point, period separator Note • To close the setup menu without selecting anything, press .
Basic Calculations key to enter the COMP Mode when you want to perform Use the basic calculations. (COMP) Inputting Expression and Values Example: 4 × sin30 × (30 + 10 × 3) = 120 (Angle unit: Deg) 4 30 30 10 3 Note • The memory area used for calculation input can hold 79 "steps". One step is taken up each time you press a number key or arithmetic operator key ( , , , ). x or key operation does not take up a step, so inputting ( √ ), for A example, takes up only one step.
Example 2: To correct the expression 369 × × 2 so it becomes 369 × 2 369 2 Example 3: To correct 2.362 so it becomes sin2.362 2 36 (INS) Clearing all of the calculation you are inputting Press . Arithmetic Calculations • Negative values inside of calculations must be enclosed within parentheses. For details, see "Calculation Priority Sequence." • It is not necessary to enclose a negative exponent within parentheses. sin 2.34 × 10-5 → 2 34 5 Example 1: 23 + 4.5 - 53 = -25.5 4 23 5 53 -25.
6 4 5 0.3 Example 6: 2 × [7 + 6 × (5 + 4)] = 122 2 7 6 5 4 122. Number of Decimal Places and Number of Significant Digits To change the settings for the number of decimal places, the number of key a significant digits, or the exponential display format, press the number of times until you reach the setup screen shown below. Press the number key ( , , or ) that corresponds to the setup item you want to change.
Fraction Calculations Example 1: 2 1 13 + = 3 5 15 Example 2: 3 3 1 5 4 1 2 3 1 6 1 2 11 +1 =4 4 3 12 3 Example 3: 2 1 1 + 1.6 = 2.1 2 1 2 2.1 Note • Values are displayed in decimal format automatically whenever the total number of digits of a fractional value (integer + numerator + denominator + separator marks) exceeds 10. • Results of calculations that mix fraction and decimal values are always decimal.
Mixed Fraction ↔ Improper Fraction Conversion To switch a calculation result between improper fraction and mixed fraction format: (d/c). Press Example 1: 1 2 5 ↔ 3 3 1 2 3 (d/c) (d/c) Note • You can use the display setup (Disp) screen to specify the display format when a fraction calculation result is greater than one. • To change the fraction display format, press the key a number of times until you reach the setup screen shown below. Display the selection screen.
Calculation Type Calculation Method and Key Operations Calculation Formula What percent of B is A? A B (%) Ratio Example 2 A × 100 B Premium Example 3 A×B A+ 100 What is A increased by B percent? A B (%) Discount Example 4 Example 5 A×B A100 What is A decreased by B percent? A B (%) A+B × 100 B If A is added to B, by what percent does B change? A B (%) A-B × 100 B If B becomes A, by what percent does B change? A B (%) Rate of Change (1) Example 6 Rate of Change (2) Example 7 Example 1: To
* As shown here, if you want to use the current Answer Memory value in a mark up or discount calculation, you need to assign the Answer Memory value into a variable and then use the variable in the mark up/discount calculation. This is because the calculation performed when (%) is pressed stores a result to Answer Memory before the key is pressed. Example 6: 300 grams are added to a test sample originally weighing 500 grams, producing a final test sample of 800 grams.
2 20 30 0 39 30 3°0°0. Example 2: 12°34’56” × 3.45 12 34 56 3 45 43°24°31.2 Converting Values between Sexagesimal and Decimal Example: To convert the decimal value 2.258 to a sexagesimal value and then back to a decimal value 2 258 (←) 2.258 2°15°28.8 2.258 Multi-Statements You can use the colon character (:) to connect two or more expressions and execute them in sequence from left to right when you press .
Example 3: Transform the value 1234 to engineering notation, shifting the decimal point to the right. 1234 1234. 1.234×1003 1234.×1000 Example 4: Transform the value 123 to engineering notation, shifting the decimal point to the left. 123 123. (←) 0.123×1003 (←) 0.000123×1006 Note • The calculation result shown above is what appears when EngOFF is selected for the engineering symbol setting.
To input this symbol: Perform this key operation: Unit (f) 10-15 f (femto) Note • For displayed values, the calculator selects the engineering symbol that makes the numeric part of the value fall within the range of 1 to 1000. • Engineering symbols cannot be used when inputting fractions. To display calculation results with engineering symbols 1. Press the key a number of times until you reach the display setup screen. 2. Press . • This displays the engineering symbol setting screen. 3.
Calculation History and Replay Calculation History In the COMP, CMPLX, or BASE Mode, the calculator remembers up to approximately 150 bytes of data for the newest calculation. An and/or at the top of the display indicates that there is more calculation history content above and/or below. You can scroll through calculation history contents using and . Example: 1+1=2 1 1 2. 2+2=4 2 2 4. 3+3=6 3 3 6. (Scrolls back.) 4. (Scrolls back again.) 2.
(COPY) Note • You can also edit expressions on the display and perform other multi-statement operations. For more details about using multi-statements, see "Multi-statements." • Only the expressions in replay memory starting from the currently displayed expression and continuing to the last expression are copied. Anything before the displayed expression is not copied. Replay While a calculation result is on the display, you can press edit the expression you used for the previous calculation.
Consecutive Calculations • You can use the calculation result that is currently on the display (and also stored in Answer Memory) as the first value of your next calculation. Note that pressing an operator key while a result is displayed causes the displayed value to change to Ans, indicating it is the value that is currently stored in Answer Memory. • The result of a calculation can also be used with a subsequent Type A x function ( x 2, x 3, x -1, x !, DRG ), +, -, x y , √ , ×, ÷, n P r and n C r .
Independent Memory (M) You can add calculation results to or subtract results from independent memory. The "M" indicator appears on the display when there is any value other than zero stored in independent memory. Example 1: To clear the contents of M 0 (STO) (M) 0. To add the result of 10 × 5 to M (Continuing) 10 5 50. To subtract the result of 10 + 5 from M (Continuing) 10 5 (M-) 15. (M) 35. (M) 32.
Function Calculations key to enter the COMP Mode when you want to perform Use the function calculations. (COMP) Using functions can slow down a calculation, which may delay display of the result. To interrupt an ongoing calculation before its result appears, . press Pi ( π ), Natural Logarithm Base e Pi ( π ) You can input pi ( π ) into a calculation. The following shows the required key operations and the values this calculator uses for pi ( π ). π = 3.14159265358980 ( ( π )) π is displayed as 3.
Trigonometric Functions, Inverse Trigonometric Functions Trigonometric Functions • To change the default angle unit (degrees, radians, grads), press the key a number of times until you reach the angle unit setup screen shown below. • Press the number key ( , , or unit you want to use. (90° = π /2 radians = 100 grads) ) that corresponds to the angle Example 1: sin 30° = 0.5 (Angle unit: Deg) ･････ (Deg) 30 Example 2: cos( ･････ 0.5 π ) = 0.5 (Angle unit: Rad) 3 (Rad) (π) 3 0.
･････ (Deg) (tan-1) 0 741 36.53844577 Hyperbolic Functions, Inverse Hyperbolic Functions Example 1: sinh 3.6 = 18.28545536 (sinh) 3 6 18.28545536 (sinh-1) 30 4.094622224 Example 2: sinh-1 30 = 4.094622224 Angle Unit Conversion Press (DRG ) to display the following menu. Pressing , , or converts the displayed value to the corresponding angle unit. Example: To convert the 4.
2 3 0.125 2 4 16. Example 4: (-2)4 = 16 Note • Negative values inside of calculations must be enclosed within parentheses. For details, see "Calculation Priority Sequence." Logarithmic Functions Example 1: log 1.23 = 0.089905111 1 23 0.089905111 Example 2: ln 90 (= log e 90) = 4.49980967 90 4.49980967 (e) 1. Example 3: ln e = 1 Power Functions and Power Root Functions Example 1: √2 + √3 × √5 = 5.287196909 3 2 3 5 5.287196909 3 Example 2: √5 + √-27 = -1.
123 30 1023. 12 1728. Example 5: 123 = 1728 fx-100MS: fx-570MS/fx-991MS: ( x 3) 12 1728. 1 Example 6: 1 1 = 12 3 4 3 4 12. Integration Calculations The procedure described below obtains the definite integral of a function. The following four inputs are required for integration calculations: a function with the variable x ; a and b , which define the integration range of the definite integral; and n , which is the number of partitions (equivalent to N = 2 n ) for integration using Simpson's rule.
Differential Calculations The procedure described below obtains the derivative of a function. Three inputs are required for the differential expression: the function of variable x , the point ( a ) at which the differential coefficient is calculated, and the change in x (Δ x ).
Example 1: To convert polar coordinates ( r = 2, θ = 60°) to rectangular coordinates ( x , y ) (Angle unit: Deg) x =1 (Rec() 2 60 1. y = 1.732050808 (F) • Press value of y . (E) to display the value of x , or 1.732050808 (F) to display the Example 2: To convert rectangular coordinates (1, √3) to polar coordinates ( r , θ ) (Angle unit: Rad) r =2 (Pol() 1 3 2. θ = 1.047197551 (F) • Press value of θ . (E) to display the value of r , or 1.
92. 175. Permutation ( n P r ) and Combination (nC r ) These functions make it possible to perform permutation and combination calculations. n and r must be integers in the range of 0 ≦ r ≦ n < 1 × 1010. Example 1: To determine how many different 4-digit values can be produced using the numbers 1 through 7 • Numbers cannot be duplicated within the same 4-digit value (1234 is allowed, but 1123 is not). 7 (nP r ) 4 840.
You can use CALC to save the types of expressions below. • Expressions that contain variables Example: 2X + 3Y, 2AX + 3BY + C, A + B i • Multi-statements Example: X + Y : X(X + Y) • Expressions with a single variable on the left Example: {variable} = {expression} The expression on the right of the equals sign (input using (=)) can contain variables. Example: Y = 2X, Y = X2 + X + 3 • To start a CALC operation after inputting an expression, press the key.
Example: To solve y = ax2 + b for x when y = 0, a = 1, and b = -2 (Y) (A) (=) (X) (B) (SOLVE) (1) Prompts for input of a value for Y (2) Current value of Y 0 1 2 (SOLVE) Solution screen To exit SOLVE: Important! • The following functions are not allowed inside of an equation: ∫ , d/dx, Pol, Rec. • Depending on what you input for the initial value (solution variable), SOLVE may not be able to obtain solutions. If this happens, try changing the initial value so they are closer to the solution.
Scientific Constants (fx-570MS/ fx-991MS only) Your calculator comes with 40 built-in scientific constants that can be used in any mode besides BASE. Each scientific constant is displayed as a unique symbol (such as π ), which can be used inside of calculations. and then input To input a scientific constant into a calculation, press the two-digit number that corresponds to the constant you want. Example: To input the scientific constant c0 (speed of light in a vacuum), and display its value.
14 ( λ cp) proton Compton wavelength 15 ( λ cn) neutron Compton wavelength 16 (R∞) Rydberg constant 17 (u) atomic mass unit 18 ( μ p) proton magnetic moment 19 ( μ e) electron magnetic moment 20 ( μ n) neutron magnetic moment 21 (μμ) muon magnetic moment 22 (F) Faraday constant 23 (e) elementary charge 24 (NA) Avogadro constant 25 (k) Boltzmann constant 26 (Vm) molar volume of ideal gas 27 (R) molar gas constant 28 (c0) speed of light in vacuum 29 (c1) first radiation constant
38 (t) Celsius temperature 39 (G) Newtonian constant of gravitation 40 (atm) standard atmosphere (SI unit: Pa) The values are based on CODATA recommended values (2010). Metric Conversion (fx-570MS/ fx-991MS only) The calculator's built-in metric conversion commands make it simple to convert values from one unit to another. You can use the metric conversion commands in any calculation mode except for BASE.
10 m n mile 11 acre m2 12 m2 acre 13 gal (US) 14 ℓ 15 gal (UK) 16 ℓ 17 pc km 18 km pc 19 km/h m/s 20 m/s km/h 21 oz g 22 g oz 23 lb kg 24 kg lb 25 atm Pa 26 Pa atm 27 mmHg Pa 28 Pa mmHg 29 hp kW 30 kW hp 31 kgf/cm2 Pa 32 Pa kgf/cm2 33 kgf • m J ℓ gal (US) ℓ gal (UK) 40
34 J kgf • m 35 lbf/in2 kPa 36 kPa lbf/in2 37 °F °C 38 °C °F 39 J cal 40 cal J Note • Conversion formula data is based on the "NIST Special Publication 811 (2008)". • The J cal command performs conversion for values at a temperature of 15°C.
Using Calculation Modes Complex Number Calculations (CMPLX) Use the key to enter the CMPLX Mode when you want to perform basic calculations that include complex numbers. (CMPLX) You can use either rectangular coordinates ( a +bi) or polar coordinates ( r ∠ θ ) to input complex numbers. Complex number calculation results are displayed in accordance with the complex number format setting on the setup menu.
(Conjg) 2 3 (i) Real part = 2 (Re⇔Im) Imaginary part = -3i Example 2: To obtain the absolute value and argument of 1 + i (Angle unit: Deg) Absolute Value: (Abs) 1 (i) 1.414213562 (arg) 1 (i) 45. Argument: Using a Command to Specify the Calculation Result Format Either of two special commands ( r ∠ θ or a +bi) can be input at the end of a calculation to specify the display format of the calculation results. The command overrides the calculator's complex number format setting.
• Input data is used to calculate values for n , Σ x , Σ x 2, x-, σ n and s x , which you can recall using the key operations noted nearby.
Sum of Squares of Values (Σ x 2) = 22805 (S-SUM) (Σ x 2) 22805. Data Input Precautions • inputs the same data twice. • You can also input multiple entries of the same data using (;). To input the data 110 ten times, for example, press 110 (;) 10 . • You can perform the above key operations in any order, and not necessarily that shown above. • While inputting data or after inputting data is complete, you can use the and keys to scroll through data you have input.
Regression Calculations (REG) key to enter the REG Mode when you want to perform Use the statistical calculations using regression. (REG) • In the SD Mode and REG Mode, the key operates as the key. • Entering the REG Mode displays screens like the ones shown below. • Press the number key ( , , or ) that corresponds to the type of regression you want to use.
To recall this type of value: Perform this key operation: Σxy (S-SUM) (Σxy) x- (S-VAR) ( x-) σx (S-VAR) (σ x) sx (S-VAR) (s x ) y- (S-VAR) ( y-) σy (S-VAR) (σ y) sy (S-VAR) (s y ) Regression coefficient A (S-VAR) (A) Regression coefficient B (S-VAR) (B) Regression calculation other than quadratic regression Correlation coefficient r (S-VAR) (r) xˆ (S-VAR) ( xˆ) yˆ (S-VAR) ( yˆ) • The following table shows the key operations you should use to recall results in the case o
• The values in the above tables can be used inside of expressions the same way you use variables. Linear Regression • The regression formula for linear regression is: y = A + B x . Example: Atmospheric Pressure vs. Temperature Perform linear regression to determine the regression formula terms and correlation coefficient for the data below.
Atmospheric Pressure at 5°C = 994.6 5 (S-VAR) ( yˆ) 994.6 Temperature at 1000 hPa = 4.642857143 1000 (S-VAR) ( xˆ) 4.642857143 Coefficient of Determination = 0.965517241 (S-VAR) (r) 0.965517241 Sample Covariance = 35 (S-SUM) (Σxy) (S-SUM) (n) ( x-) (S-VAR) ( y-) (S-VAR) (S-SUM) (n) 1 35. Logarithmic, Exponential, Power, and Inverse Regression • Use the same key operations as linear regression to recall results for these types of regression.
50 23.5 74 38.0 103 46.4 118 48.0 Next, use the regression formula to estimate the values for yˆ (estimated value of y ) for xi = 16 and xˆ (estimated value of x ) for yi = 20. In the REG Mode: (Quad) (CLR) (Scl) 29 1 48 6 50 (Stat clear) 23 5 74 38 0 103 46 4 118 0 Regression Coefficient A = -35.59856934 (S-VAR) (A) -35.59856934 (B) 1.495939413 Regression Coefficient B = 1.495939413 (S-VAR) Regression Coefficient C = -6.71629667 × 10-3 (S-VAR) (C) -6.
• Precautions when editing data input for standard deviation also apply for regression calculations. • Do not use variables A through F, X, or Y to store data when performing statistical calculations. These variables are used for statistical calculation temporary memory, so any data you may have assigned to them may be replaced by other values during statistical calculations. • Entering the REG Mode and selecting a regression type (Lin, Log, Exp, Pwr, Inv, Quad) clear variables A through F, X, and Y.
(DISTR) (P() 0 28 0.38974 Base- n Calculations (BASE) Use the key to enter the BASE Mode when you want to perform calculations using Base- n values. (BASE) The initial default number mode when you enter the BASE Mode is decimal, which means input and calculation results use the decimal number format. Press one of the following keys to switch number modes: (DEC) for decimal, (HEX) for hexadecimal, (BIN) for binary, or (OCT) for octal.
Base- n Mode Input/Output Ranges -2147483648 ≦ x ≦ 2147483647 Decimal Positive: 0 ≦ x ≦ 7FFFFFFF Hexadecimal Negative: 80000000 ≦ x ≦ FFFFFFFF Specifying the Number Mode of a Particular Input Value You can input a special command immediately following a value to specify the number mode of that value. The special commands are: d (decimal), h (hexadecimal), b (binary), and o (octal).
Base- n Calculation Examples Example 1: To calculate 101112 + 110102 in binary (1100012) (BIN) 10111 11010 110001 Example 2: To calculate 78 + 18 in octal (108) (OCT) 7 1 10 Example 3: To calculate 1F16 + 116 in hexadecimal (2016) (HEX) 1 (F) 1 20 Example 4: To convert the decimal value 3010 to binary, octal, and hexadecimal (DEC) 30 30 (BIN) 11110 (OCT) 36 (HEX) 1E Example 5: To transform the result of 510 + 516 to binary (BIN) (LOGIC) (LOGIC) (LOGIC) (LOGIC) (LOGIC) (d) 5 (LOGIC)
1010 (LOGIC) (And) 1100 1000 Example 2: To determine the logical OR of 10112 and 110102 (10112 or 110102) 1011 (LOGIC) (Or) 11010 11011 Example 3: To determine the logical XOR of 10102 and 11002 (10102 xor 11002) 1010 (LOGIC) (LOGIC) (Xor) 1100 110 Example 4: To determine the logical XNOR of 11112 and 1012 (11112 xnor 1012) 1111 (LOGIC) (Xnor) 101 1111110101 Example 5: To determine the bitwise complement of 10102 (Not(10102)) (LOGIC) (LOGIC) (Not) 1010 1111110101 Example 6: To negate (ta
Use this screen to specify 2 (quadratic) or 3 (cubic) as the degree of the equation, and input values for each of the coefficients. (1) Coefficient name (2) Element value (3) Arrow indicates direction you should scroll to view other elements. • Any time until you input a value for the final coefficient ( c for a and quadratic equation, d for a cubic equation), you can use the keys to move between coefficients on the screen and make changes, if you want.
( x 2 = -1) ( x 3 = 1) • If a result is a complex number, the real part of the first solution appears first. This is indicated by the "R↔I" symbol on the display. Press (Re⇔Im) to toggle the display between the real part and imaginary part of a solution. Example 2: To solve the equation 8 x 2 - 4 x + 5 = 0 ( x = 0.25 ± 0.75 i ) (Degree?) 2 ( a ?) 8 ( b ?) 4 ( c ?) 5 ( x 1 = 0.25 + 0.75 i ) ( x 2 = 0.25 - 0.
(1) Coefficient name (2) Element value (3) Arrow indicates direction you should scroll to view other elements. • Any time until you input a value for the final coefficient ( c 2 for two and keys unknowns, d 3 for three unknowns), you can use the to move between coefficients on the screen and make changes, if you want. • Note that you cannot input complex numbers for coefficients. Calculation starts and one of the solutions appears as soon as you input a value for the final coefficient.
Matrix Calculations (MAT) (fx-570MS/ fx-991MS only) Use the key to enter the MAT Mode when you want to perform matrix calculations. (MAT) Use the MAT Mode to perform calculations involving matrices of up to 3 rows by 3 columns. To perform a matrix calculation, you first assign data to special matrix variables (MatA, MatB, MatC), and then use the variables in the calculation as shown in the example below. Note • Matrix calculations can use up to two levels of the matrix stack.
6. Press to advance to the calculation screen, and perform the first calculation (MatA × MatB): (MAT) (Mat) (A) (MAT) (Mat) (B) . • This will display the MatAns screen with the calculation results. Note: "MatAns" stands for "Matrix Answer Memory". 7. Perform the next calculation (MatA + MatB): (A) (MAT) (Mat) (B) . (MAT) (Mat) Matrix Answer Memory Whenever the result of a calculation executed in the MAT Mode is a matrix, the MatAns screen will appear with the result.
To edit the elements of a matrix variable: 1. Press (MAT) (Edit), and then, on the menu that appears, select the matrix variable you want to edit. 2. Use the Matrix Editor that appears to edit the elements of the matrix. • Use the , , , and keys to display the element you want to edit. Input a new value and then press . Matrix Calculation Examples The following examples use MatA = and MatB = Example 1, and MatC = from from Example 2.
Example 8: Determine the square and cube of MatA (MatA2, MatA3). (Result: MatA2 = , MatA3 = ) for this input. Use Note: You cannot use 3 and ( x ) to specify cubing. to specify squaring, MatA ( x 3) MatA Vector Calculations (VCT) (fx-570MS/ fx-991MS only) Use the key to enter the VCT Mode when you want to perform vector calculations. (VCT) Use the VCT Mode to perform 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional vector calculations.
4. Perform the following key operation: (VCT) (Dim) (B) 2 . • This will display the Vector Editor for input of the 2-dimensional vector for VctB. 5. Input the elements of VctB: 3 4 . 6. Press to advance to the calculation screen, and perform the calculation (VctA + VctB): (VCT) (Vct) (A) (VCT) (Vct) (B) . • This will display the VctAns screen with the calculation results. Note: "VctAns" stands for "Vector Answer Memory". See "Vector Answer Memory" for more information.
To edit the elements of a vector variable: 1. Press (VCT) (Edit), and then, on the menu that appears, select the vector variable you want to edit. 2. Use the Vector Editor that appears to edit the elements of the vector. • Use the and keys to display the element you want to edit. Input a new value and then press . Vector Calculation Examples The following examples use VctA = (1, 2) and VctB = (3, 4) from Example 1, and VctC = (2, -1, 2) from Example 2.
･････ (Fix) VctA (Abs) VctA (VCT) (Dot) VctB (Abs) VctB (cos-1) 65
Technical Information Errors The calculator will display an error message whenever an error occurs for any reason during a calculation. • Press or to return to the calculation screen. The cursor will be positioned at the location where the error occurred, ready for input. Make the necessary corrections to the calculation and execute it again. • Press to return to the calculation screen. Note that this also clears the calculation that contained the error.
Arg ERROR Cause: • Improper use of an argument. Action: • Make necessary corrections. Dim ERROR (MAT and VCT Modes only) Cause: • The matrix or vector you are trying to use in a calculation was input without specifying its dimension. • You are trying to perform a calculation with matrices or vectors whose dimensions do not allow that type of calculation. Action: • Specify the dimension of the matrix or vector and then perform the calculation again.
Replacing the Battery The battery needs to be replaced after a specific number of years. Also, replace the battery immediately after display figures become dim. A low battery is indicated by a dim display, even if contrast is adjusted, or by failure of figures to appear on the display immediately after you turn on the calculator. If this happens, replace the battery with a new one. Important! • Removing the battery will cause all of the calculator's memory contents to be deleted. 1.
1 2 Function with parentheses: Pol( x , y ), Rec( r , θ ), differentials ( d /dx), integrations (∫dx), normal distribution (P(, Q(, R() Type A functions: With these functions, the value is entered and then the function key is pressed.
Stacks This calculator uses memory areas, called "stacks," to temporarily store values (numeric stack) and commands (command stack) according to their precedence during calculations. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the command stack has 24 levels. A stack error (Stack ERROR) occurs whenever you try to perform a calculation that is so complex that the capacity of a stack is exceeded. • Matrix calculations use up to two levels of the matrix stack.
Calculation Ranges, Number of Digits, and Precision The calculation range, number of digits used for internal calculation, and calculation precision depends on the type of calculation you are performing. Calculation Range and Precision Calculation Range ±1 × 10-99 to ±9.999999999 × 1099 or 0 Number of Digits for Internal Calculation 15 digits Precision In general, ±1 at the 10th digit for a single calculation. Precision for exponential display is ±1 at the least significant digit.
Functions Input Range sinh x , cosh x 0 ≦ | x | ≦ 230.2585092 sinh-1 x 0 ≦ | x | ≦ 4.999999999 × 1099 cosh-1 x 1 ≦ x ≦ 4.999999999 × 1099 tanh x 0 ≦ | x | ≦ 9.999999999 × 1099 tanh-1 x 0 ≦ | x | ≦ 9.999999999 × 10-1 log x , ln x 0 < x ≦ 9.999999999 × 1099 10 x -9.999999999 × 1099 ≦ x ≦ 99.99999999 e x -9.999999999 × 1099 ≦ x ≦ 230.
Functions Input Range a ° b ’ c ”: | a |, b , c < 1 × 10100 ; 0 ≦ b , c °’ ” ← °’ ” The display seconds value is subject to an error of ±1 at the second decimal place.
Approximate Battery Life: Two years (based on one hour of operation per day) Power Consumption: 0.0001 W Operating Temperature: 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F) Dimensions 13.8 (H) × 77 (W) × 161.5 (D) mm ½” (H) × 3” (W) × 63⁄8” (D) Approximate Weight: 105 g (3.7 oz) including the battery fx-991MS Power Requirements: Built-in solar cell; button battery LR44 × 1 Approximate Battery Life: Three years (based on one hour of operation per day) Operating Temperature: 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F) Dimensions: 11.
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