Chapter Manual Calculations 2-1 2-2 2-3 Basic Calculations Special Functions Function Calculations 2
-1 Basic Calculations k Arithmetic Calculations • Enter arithmetic calculations as they are written, from left to right. • Use the - key to input a negative value. • Use the - key for subtraction • Calculations are performed internally with a 15-digit mantissa. The result is rounded to a 10-digit mantissa before it is displayed. • For mixed arithmetic calculations, multiplication and division are given priority over addition and subtraction. Example Operation 23 + 4.5 – 53 = –25.5 Display 23+4.
2-1 Basic Calculations P.323 • Number of decimal place (Fix) and significant digit (Sci) settings normally remain in effect until you change them or until your change the exponential display range (Norm) setting. Note also, however, that Sci setting is automatically initialized to Norm 1 whenever you enter the Financial Mode. • To change the exponential display range (Norm) setting, press 3 (Norm) while the display format (Display) menu is on the screen.
2-1 Basic Calculations k Calculations Using Variables Example 38 Operation Display 193.2aaAw 193.2 193.2 ÷ 23 = 8.4 aA/23w 8.4 193.2 ÷ 28 = 6.9 aA/28w 6.
2-2 Special Functions k Answer Function The unit’s Answer Function automatically stores the last result you calculated by pressing w(unless the w key operation results in an error). The result is stored in the answer memory. uTo use the contents of the answer memory in a calculation Example 123 + 456 = 579 789 – 579 = 210 Abcd+efgw hij-!Kw • The largest value that the answer memory can hold is one with 15 digits for the mantissa and 2 digits for the exponent.
2-2 Special Functions k Using the Replay Function The Replay Function automatically stores the last calculation performed into replay memory. You can recall the contents of the replay memory by pressing d or e. If you press e, the calculation appears with the cursor at the beginning. Pressing d causes the calculation to appear with the cursor at the end. You can make changes in the calculation as you wish and then execute it again. Example To perform the following two calculations 4.12 × 6.4 = 26.368 4.
Special Functions 2-2 k Making Corrections in the Original Calculation 14 ÷ 0 × 2.3 entered by mistake for 14 ÷ 10 × 2.3 Example Abe/a*c.dw Press d or e. Cursor is positioned automatically at the location of the cause of the error. Make necessary changes. d![b Execute it again. w k Using Multistatements Multistatements are formed by connecting a number of individual statements for sequential execution. You can use multistatements in manual calculations and in programmed calculations.
2-2 Special Functions Example 6.9 × 123 = 848.7 123 ÷ 3.2 = 38.4375 AbcdaaA!W6(g) 5(:)g.j*aA!W 5(^)aA/d.cw Intermediate result at point where “^” is used. w • Note that the final result of a multistatement is always displayed, regardless of whether it ends with a display result command. • You cannot construct a multistatement in which one statement directly uses the result of the previous statement.
2-3 Function Calculations k Function Menus This calculator includes five function menus that give you access to scientific functions that are not printed on the key panel. • The contents of the function menu differ according to the mode you entered from the Main Menu before you pressed the K key. The following examples show function menus that appear in the RUN or PRGM Mode. uHyperbolic Calculations (HYP) [OPTN]-[HYP] • {sinh}/{cosh}/{tanh} ...
2-3 Function Calculations uAngle Units, Coordinate Conversion, Sexagesimal Operations (ANGL) [OPTN]-[ANGL] • {°}/{r}/{g} ... {degrees}/{radians}/{grads} for a specific input value • {° ’ ”} ... {specifies degrees (hours), minutes, seconds when inputting a sexagesimal value} ← • {° ’ ”} ... {converts decimal value to sexagesimal value} ← • The {° ’ ” } menu option appears only when there is a calculation result shown on the display. • {Pol(}/{Rec(} ...
Function Calculations 2-3 k Trigonometric and Inverse Trigonometric Functions P.5 P.5 • Be sure to set the angle unit before performing trigonometric function and inverse trigonometric function calculations. π (90° = ––– radians = 100 grads) 2 • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode. Example sin 63° = 0.8910065242 cos ( π rad) = 0.5 3 tan (– 35gra) = – 0.6128007881 2 • sin 45° × cos 65° = 0.
2-3 Function Calculations k Logarithmic and Exponential Functions • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode. P.5 Example log 1.23 (log101.23) = 8.990511144 × 10–2 Operation Display l1.23w 0.08990511144 In 90 (loge90) = 4.49980967 I90w 4.49980967 101.23 = 16.98243652 (To obtain the antilogarithm of common logarithm 1.23) !01.23w 16.98243652 !e4.5w 90.0171313 (-3)M4w 81 -3M4w – 81 7!q123w 1.988647795 2+3*3!q64-4w*1 10 e4.5 = 90.
Function Calculations 2-3 k Other Functions • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode. P.5 Example Operation Display !92+!95w 3.65028154 (-3)xw 9 –32 = –(3 × 3) = –9 -3xw –9 1 ––––––––––– = 12 1 1 ––– – ––– 3 4 (3!X-4!X) !Xw 12 8K6(g)3(PROB) 1(x !)w 40320 !#(36*42*49)w 42 K6(g)3(PROB) 4(Ran#)w (Ex.) 0.4810497011 What is the absolute value of 3 the common logarithm of ? 4 3 K6(g)4(NUM) log = 0.1249387366 | 4| 1(Abs)l(3/4)w 0.
2-3 Function Calculations k Coordinate Conversion u Rectangular Coordinates u Polar Coordinates • With polar coordinates, θ can be calculated and displayed within a range of –180°< θ < 180° (radians and grads have same range). P.5 • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode. Example To calculate r and θ° when x = 14 and y = 20.7 Operation !Zcccc1(Deg)J K6(g)5(ANGL)6(g) 1(Pol()14,20.7)w Example Display Ans 1 –24.989 – → 24.98979792 (r) 2 – 55.928 – → 55.
Function Calculations Example 2-3 To calculate the possible number of different arrangements using 4 items selected from 10 items Formula P4 = 5040 Display 10K6(g)3(PROB) 2(nPr)4w 10 Example Operation 5040 To calculate the possible number of different combinations of 4 items selected from 10 items Formula C4 = 210 10 Operation Display 10K6(g)3(PROB) 3(nCr)4w 210 k Fractions • Fractional values are displayed with the integer first, followed by the numerator and then the denominator. P.
2-3 Function Calculations k Engineering Notation Calculations P.44 P.5 Input engineering symbols using the engineering notation menu. • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode. Example 999k (kilo) + 25k (kilo) = 1.024M (mega) 9 ÷ 10 = 0.9 = 900m (milli) Operation !Zccccc cccc4(Eng)J 999K 6(g)6(g)1(ESYM) 6(g)1(k)+251(k)w 9/10w K6(g)6(g)1(ESYM) 6(g)6(g) Display 1.024M 900.m ← 3(ENG)*1 0.9 ← 3(ENG)*1 0.0009k 2(ENG)*2 2(ENG)*2 0.9 900.
Function Calculations k Logical Operators (AND, OR, NOT) P.52 2-3 [OPTN]-[LOGIC] The logical operator menu provides a selection of logical operators. • {And}/{Or}/{Not} ... {logical AND}/{logical OR}/{logical NOT} P.5 • Be sure to specify “Comp” for Calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode.
2-3 Function Calculations About Logical Operations • A logical operation always produces either 0 or 1 as its result. • The following table shows all of possible results that can be produced by AND and OR operations. Value or Expression A Value or Expression B A AND B A OR B AG0 BG0 1 1 AG0 B=0 0 1 A=0 BG0 0 1 A=0 B=0 0 0 • The following table shows the results produced by the NOT operation.
