E fx-82ES fx-83ES fx-85ES fx-300ES fx-350ES User's Guide http://world.casio.
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About this Manual • The MATH mark indicates an example that uses Math format, while the LINE mark indicates Linear format. For details about input/output formats, see “Specifying the Input/Output Format”. • Keycap markings indicate what a key inputs or what function it performs. Example: 1, 2, +, -, !, A, etc. • Pressing the 1 or S key followed by a second key performs the alternate function of the second key. The alternate function is indicated by the text printed above the key.
The cursor key is marked with four arrows, indicating direction, as shown in the illustration nearby. In this User’s Guide, cursor key operation is indicated as f, c, d, and e. REPLAY • The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this User’s Guide and the separate Appendix are for illustrative purposes only, and may differ somewhat from the actual items they represent. • The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice. • In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd.
Safety Precautions Be sure to read the following safety precautions before using this calculator. Keep this manual handy for later reference. Caution This symbol is used to indicate information that can result in personal injury or material damage if ignored. Battery • After removing the battery from the calculator, put it in a safe place where it will not get into the hands of small children and accidentally swallowed. • Keep batteries out of the reach of small children.
Handling Precautions • Be sure to press the O key before using the calculator for the first time. • Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least once every three years (LR44 (GPA76)), two years (R03 (UM-4)), or one year (LR03 (AM4)). A dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never leave a dead battery in the calculator. • The battery that comes with this unit discharges slightly during shipment and storage.
Before Using the Calculator k Removing the Hard Case Before using the calculator, slide its hard case downwards to remove it, and then affix the hard case to the back of the calculator as shown in the illustration below. k Turning Power On and Off • Press O to turn on the calculator. • Press 1A(OFF) to turn off the calculator. k Adjusting Display Contrast 1N(SETUP)c5(]CONT') This displays the contrast adjustment screen. Use d and e to adjust display contrast.
k About the Display Your calculator has a 31-dot × 96-dot LCD screen. Example: Input expression Calculation result { k Display Indicators Sample Display: This indicator: STAT Means this: S The keypad has been shifted by pressing the 1 key. The keypad will unshift and this indicator will disappear when you press a key. A The alpha input mode has been entered by pressing the S key. The alpha input mode will be exited and this indicator will disappear when you press a key.
Important! • For a very complex calculation or some other type of calculation that takes a long time to execute, the display may show only the above indicators (without any value) while it performs the calculation internally.
• Math format causes fractions, irrational numbers, and other expressions to be displayed as they are written on paper. • Linear format causes fractions and other expressions to be displayed in a single line.
Specifying the Fraction Display Format To specify this fraction display format: Perform this key operation: Mixed 1Nc1(ab/c) Improper 1Nc2(d/c) Specifying the Statistical Display Format Use the following procedure to turn display of the frequency (FREQ) column of the STAT Mode STAT editor screen on or off.
Inputting Expressions and Values k Inputting a Calculation Expression Using Standard Format Your calculator lets you input calculation expressions just as they are written. Then simply press the = key to execute it. The calculator automatically judges the calculation priority sequence for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, functions, and parentheses.
Displaying a Long Expression The display can show up to 14 characters at a time. Inputting the 15th character causes the expression to shift to the left. At this time, the ] indicator appears to the left of the expression, indicating that it runs off the left side of the screen. Input expression: 1111 + 2222 + 3333 + 444 Math Displayed portion: Cursor • When the ] indicator is displayed, you can scroll left and view the hidden part by pressing the d key.
• With Math format, you can only use the insert mode. Pressing 1Y(INS) when the Math format is selected does not switch to the overwrite mode. See “Incorporating a Value into a Function” for more information. • The calculator automatically changes to the insert mode whenever you change the input/output format from Linear to Math.
dddY s Overwrite Mode: c60) dddd s Inserting Input into a Calculation Always use the insert mode for this operation. Use d or e to move the cursor to the location where you want to insert new input, and then input what you want. k Displaying the Location of an Error If an error message (like “Math ERROR” or “Syntax ERROR”) appears when you press =, press d or e. This will display the part of the calculation where the error occurred, with the cursor positioned at the error location.
k Inputting with Math Format When inputting with Math format, you can input and display fractions and some functions using the same format as they appear in your textbook. Important! • Certain types of expressions can cause the height of a calculation formula to be greater than one display line. The maximum allowable height of a calculation formula is two display screens (31 dots × 2). Further input will become impossible if the height of the calculation you are inputting exceeds the allowable limit.
Math e+1 Example 2: To input 1 + ' 2+3 MATH Math 1+!2 Math e+3 Example 3: To input (1 + 2 2 ) ×2= 5 MATH Math (1+'2c5e) w*2= • When you press = and obtain a calculation result using Math format, part of the expression you input can be cut off as shown in the Example 3 screen shot. If you need to view the entire input expression again, press A and then press e.
The following examples show the other functions that can be used in the above procedure, and the required key operations to use them. Original Expression: Function Key Operation Fraction ' log(a,b) & Power Root 16(") Resulting Expression You can also incorporate values into the following functions. 1l($), 1i(%), !, 6, 1!(#), D Displaying Calculation Results in a Form that Includes ' 2, π, etc.
Example 2: sin (60) = MATH ' 3 2 (Angle Unit: Deg) Math s60= Example 3: sin–1 (0.5) = MATH 1 π 6 (Angle Unit: Rad) Math 1s(sin–1)0.5= • The following are the calculations for which ' form (form that includes ' within irrational number display) results can be displayed. a. Arithmetic calculations of values with square root symbol ('), x2, x3, x–1 b.
Example: 2' 3 × 4 = 8' 3 ' form 35' 2 × 3 = 148.492424 (= 105' 2) decimal form 150' 2 = 8.485281374 25 2 × (3 – 2' 5 ) = 6 – 4' 5 ' form 23 × (5 – 2' 3 ) = 35.32566285 (= 115 – 46' 3) decimal form 10' 2 + 15 × 3' 3 = 45' 3 + 10' 2 ' form 15 × (10' 2 + 3' 3 ) = 290.0743207 (= 45' 3 + 150' 2) decimal form ' 2+' 3+' 8=' 3 + 3' 2 ' 2+' 3+' 6 = 5.595754113 ' form decimal form The underlined areas in the above examples indicate what caused decimal form to be used.
Basic Calculations (COMP) This section explains how to perform arithmetic, fraction, percent, and sexagesimal calculations. All calculations in this section are performed in the COMP Mode (N1). k Arithmetic Calculations Use the +, -, *, and / keys to perform arithmetic calculations. Example: 7 × 8 – 4 × 5 = 36 LINE 7*8-4*5= • The calculator automatically judges the calculation priority sequence. For more information, see “Calculation Priority Sequence”.
Example: (2 + 3) × (4 – 1) = 15 LINE (2+3)* (4-1= k Fraction Calculations How you should input fractions depends on the input/output format that is currently selected. Improper Fraction Math Format Linear Format Mixed Fraction 7 3 2 1 3 ('7c3) (1'(()2e1c3) 7{3 2{1{3 Numerator Denominator Integer Part (7'3) Denominator Numerator (2'1'3) • Under initial default settings, fractions are displayed as improper fractions. • Fraction calculation results are always reduced before being displayed.
Switching between Fraction and Decimal Format f • The format of the fraction depends on the currently selected fraction display format setting (improper fraction or mixed fraction). • You cannot switch from decimal format to mixed fraction format if the total number of digits used in the mixed fraction (including integer, numerator, denominator, and separator symbols) is greater than 10. • For details about the f key, see “Using S-D Transformation”.
Sexagesimal Calculations • Performing the following types of sexagesimal calculations produces a sexagesimal result. - Addition or subtraction of two sexagesimal values - Multiplication or division of a sexagesimal value and a decimal value Appendix <#012> 2°20´30˝ + 39´30˝ = 3°00´00˝ Converting Values between Sexagesimal and Decimal Pressing e while a calculation result is displayed toggles the value between sexagesimal and decimal. Appendix <#013> Convert 2.255 to its sexagesimal equivalent.
Using Calculation History Memory and Replay (COMP) Calculation history memory maintains a record of each calculation expression you input and execute, and its result. You can use calculation history memory in the COMP Mode (N1) only. Recalling Calculation History Memory Contents Press f to back-step through calculation history memory contents. Calculation history memory shows both calculation expressions and results.
Using Calculator Memory Memory Name Description Answer Memory Stores the last calculation result obtained. Independent Memory Calculation results can be added to or subtracted from independent memory. The “M” display indicator indicates data in independent memory. Variables Six variables named A, B, C, D, X, and Y can be used for storage of individual values. This section uses the COMP Mode (N1) to demonstrate how you can use memory.
Inputting Answer Memory Contents into an Expression Example: To perform the calculations shown below: 123 + 456 = 579 789 – 579 = 210 LINE 123+456= 789-G= k Independent Memory (M) You can add calculation results to or subtract results from independent memory. The “M” appears on the display when independent memory contains a value. Independent Memory Overview • The following is a summary of the different operations you can perform using independent memory.
Calculation Examples Using Independent Memory • If the “M” indicator is on the display, perform the procedure under “Clearing Independent Memory” before performing this example. Example: 23 + 9 = 32 23+9m 53 – 6 = 47 53-6m –)45 × 2 = 90 45*21m(M–) 99 ÷ 3 = 33 99/3m (Total) 22 tm(M) Clearing Independent Memory Press01t(STO)m. This clears independent memory and causes the “M” indicator to disappear from the display.
Function Calculations This section explains how to use the calculator’s built-in functions. The functions available to you depends on the calculation mode you are in. The explanations in this section are mainly about the functions that are available in all calculation modes. All of the examples in this section show operation in the COMP Mode (N1). • Certain function calculations may take some time to display calculation results.
k Converting an Input Value to the Calculator’s Default Angle Unit After inputting a value, press 1G(DRG') to display the angle unit specification menu shown below. Press the number key that corresponds to the angle unit of the input value. The calculator will automatically convert it to the calculator’s default angle unit. Example: To convert the following values to degrees: π radians = 90°, 50 grads = 45° 2 The following procedure assumes that the calculator’s default angle unit is degrees.
k Power Functions and Power Root Functions '( X2, X3, X–1, X^, '(, 3'(, ^' Appendix <#024> to <#028> k Rectangular-Polar Coordinate Conversion Rectangular Coordinates (Rec) Polar Coordinates (Pol) • Coordinate conversion can be performed in the COMP and STAT calculation modes. Converting to Polar Coordinates (Pol) Pol(X, Y) X: Specifies the rectangular coordinate X value Y: Specifies the rectangular coordinate Y value • Calculation result θ is displayed in the range of –180° < θ < 180°.
k Other Functions This section explains how to use the functions shown below. !, Abs(, Ran#, nPr, nCr, Rnd( Factorial (!) This function obtains the factorials of a value that is zero or a positive integer. Appendix <#031> (5 + 3)! = 40320 Absolute Value Calculation (Abs) When you are performing a real number calculation, this function simply obtains the absolute value. Appendix <#032> Abs (2 – 7) = 5 Random Number (Ran#) This function generates a 3-digit pseudo random number that is less than 1.
Display Digits Setting: Fix or Sci The value is rounded to the specified number of digits. Example: 200 ÷ 7 × 14 = 400 LINE 200/7*14= (Specifies three decimal places.) FIX 1N6(Fix)3 (Calculation is performed internally using 15 digits.) FIX 200/7= FIX *14= The following performs the same calculation with rounding. FIX 200/7= (Round the value to the specified number of digits.) FIX 10(Rnd)= (Check rounded result.
Transforming Displayed Values You can use the procedures in this section to transform a displayed value to engineering notation, or to transform between standard form and decimal form. k Using Engineering Notation A simple key operation transforms a displayed value to engineering notation. Appendix <#035> Transform the value 1,234 to engineering notation, shifting the decimal point to the right. <#036> Transform the value 123 to engineering notation, shifting the decimal point to the left.
Examples of S-D Transformation Note that S-D transformation can take some time to perform. Example: Fraction → Decimal MATH Math '5c6= • Each press of the f key toggles between the two forms. f f Appendix <#037> π Fraction → Decimal <#038> ' → Decimal Statistical Calculation (STAT) All calculations in this section are performed in the STAT Mode (N2). Selecting a Statistical Calculation Type In the STAT Mode, display the statistical calculation type selection screen.
k Inputting Sample Data Displaying the STAT Editor Screen The STAT editor screen appears after you enter the STAT Mode from another mode. Use the STAT menu to select a statistical calculation type. To display the STAT editor screen from another STAT Mode screen, press 11(STAT)2(Data). STAT Editor Screen There are two STAT editor screen formats, depending on the type of statistical calculation you selected.
Example: To input the value 123.45 in cell X1 (Move the cursor to cell X1.) STAT 123.45 The value you input appears in the formula area. STAT = Registering a value causes the cursor to move down one cell. STAT Editor Screen Input Precautions • The number of lines in STAT editor screen (the number of sample data values you can input) depends on the type of statistical data you selected, and on the Statistical Display setting of the calculator’s setup screen.
Inserting a Line (1) On the STAT editor screen, move the cursor to the line that will be under the line you will insert. (2) Press 11(STAT)3(Edit). (3) Press 1(Ins). Important! • Note that the insert operation will not work if the maximum number of lines allowed for the STAT editor screen are already used. Deleting All STAT Editor Contents (1) Press 11(STAT)3(Edit). (2) Press 2(Del-A). • This clears all of the sample data on the STAT editor screen.
STAT Menu Items Common Items Select this menu item: When you want to do this: 1Type Display the statistical calculation type selection screen 2Data Display the STAT editor screen 3Edit Display the Edit sub-menu for editing STAT editor screen contents 4Sum Display the Sum sub-menu of commands for calculating sums 5Var Display the Var sub-menu of commands for calculating the mean, standard deviation, etc.
Var Sub-menu (11(STAT)5(Var)) Select this menu item: When you want to obtain this: 1n Number of samples 2o Mean of the sample data 3xσn Population standard deviation 4xσn–1 Sample standard deviation MinMax Sub-menu (11(STAT)6(MinMax)) Select this menu item: When you want to obtain this: 1minX Minimum value 2maxX Maximum value Appendix Single-variable Statistical Calculation <#040> Select single-variable (1-VAR) and input the following data: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} (FREQ: ON) <#041>
Sum Sub-menu (11(STAT)4(Sum)) Select this menu item: When you want to obtain this: 1Σx2 Sum of squares of the X-data 2Σx Sum of the X-data 3Σy2 Sum of squares of the Y-data 4Σy Sum of the Y-data 5Σxy Sum of products of the X-data and Y-data 6Σx3 Sum of cubes of the X-data 7Σx2y Sum of (X-data squares × Y-data) 8Σx4 Sum of biquadrate of the X-data Var Sub-menu (11(STAT)5(Var)) Select this menu item: When you want to obtain this: 1n Number of samples 2o Mean of the X-data 3xσn Populat
Appendix Linear Regression Calculation: <#047> to <#050> • Examples <#048> through <#050> all use the data input in Example <#047>. *1 Estimated Value (y = –3 → m = ?) *2 Estimated Value (x = 2 → n = ?) Commands when Quadratic Regression Calculation (_+CX2) Is Selected With quadratic regression, regression is performed in accordance with the following model equation. y = A + BX + CX 2 See Appendix <#051> for information about the calculation formula used for each command.
Statistical Calculation Type Model Equation Calculation Formula Logarithmic Regression (ln X) y = A + BlnX <#055> e Exponential Regression (e^X) ab Exponential Regression y = AeBX <#056> y = ABX <#057> B (A•B^X) Power Regression (A•X^B) y = AX <#058> Inverse Regression (1/X) y=A+ B X <#059> Appendix Comparison of Regression Curves • The following example uses the data input in Example <#047>.
(1) Press N3(TABLE). (2) Input the function. (3) After making sure the function is the way you want, press =. • This displays the start value input screen. Indicates the initial default start value of 1. • If the initial value is not 1, press 1 to specify the initial start value for this example. (4) After specifying the start value, press =. • This displays the end value input screen. Indicates the initial default end value of 5. • Specify the end value. (5) After specifying the end value, press =.
• Only variable X can be used as the variable of a function. • The coordinate conversion (Pol, Rec) functions cannot be used for a number table generation function. • Note that the number table generation operation causes the contents of variable X to be changed. k Start, End, and Step Value Rules • Linear format is always used for value input. • You can specify either values or calculation expressions (which must produce a numeric result) for Start, End, and Step.
Technical Information k Calculation Priority Sequence The calculator performs calculations according to a calculation priority sequence. • Basically, calculations are performed from left to right. • Expressions within parentheses have the highest priority. • The following shows the priority sequence for each individual command. 1. Function with parentheses: Pol(, Rec( sin(, cos(, tan(, sin–1(, cos–1(, tan–1(, sinh(, cosh(, tanh(, sinh–1(, cosh–1(, tanh–1( log(, ln(, e^(, 10^(, '(, 3'( Abs( Rnd( 2.
k Stack Limitations This calculator uses memory areas called stacks to temporarily store lower calculation priority sequence values, commands, and functions. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the command stack has 24 levels, as shown in the illustration below. 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 Numeric Stack 1 2 5 7 Command Stack 1 2 3 2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 4 5 6 7 A Stack ERROR occurs when the calculation you are performing causes the capacity of either stack to be exceeded.
Functions tanx sin–1x cos–1x tan–1x sinhx coshx sinh–1x DEG Input Range Same as sinx, except when x = (2n–1) 90. RAD Same as sinx, except when x = (2n–1) π/2. GRA Same as sinx, except when x = (2n–1) 100. 0 x 1 0 x 9.999999999 1099 0 x 230.2585092 0 x 4.999999999 1099 cosh–1x 1 x 4.999999999 1099 tanhx tanh–1x 0 x 9.999999999 1099 logx/lnx 0 x 9.999999999 1099 0 x 9.999999999 10–1 10x –9.999999999 1099 x 99.99999999 ex ' x x2 1/x 3' x x! –9.
• Precision is basically the same as that described under “Calculation Range and Precision”, above. • ^(xy), x' y, 3', x!, nPr, nCr type functions require consecutive internal calculation, which can cause accumulation of errors that occur with each calculation. • Error is cumulative and tends to be large in the vicinity of a function’s singular point and inflection point.
Insufficient MEM Error • Cause • There is not enough memory to perform your calculation. • Action • Narrow the table calculation range by changing the Start, End, and Step values, and try again. k Before assuming malfunction of the calculator... Perform the following steps whenever an error occurs during a calculation or when calculation results are not what you expected. If one step does not correct the problem, move on to the next step.
Important! • Removing the button battery from the calculator causes independent memory contents and values assigned to variables to be cleared. 1 Press 1A(OFF) to turn off the calculator. • To ensure that you do not accidentally turn on power while replacing the battery, slide the hard case onto the front of the calculator. Screw 2 On the back of the calculator, remove the screw and the battery cover. 3 Remove the old battery.
1 Press 1A(OFF) to turn off the calculator. Screw Screw 2 On the back of the calculator, remove the screws and the back cover. 3 Remove the old battery. 4 Load a new battery into the calculator with its positive k and negative l ends facing correctly. 5 Replace the back cover and secure it in place with its screws. 6 Perform the following key operation: O19(CLR)3(All)=(Yes). • Make sure you perform the above key operation. Do not skip it.
Specifications fx-82ES/fx-83ES Power Requirements: AAA-size battery: R03 (UM-4) × 1 Battery Life: Approximately 6,000 hours (continuous operation) Approximately 17,000 hours (continuous display of flashing cursor) Power Consumption: 0.0002 W Operating Temperature: 0°C to 40°C Dimensions: 13.7 (H) × 80 (W) × 161 (D) mm 9/16 (H) 31/8 (W) 65/16 (D) Approximate Weight: 110 g (3.
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