58
ɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ ɏȺɊȺɄɌȿɊɂɋɌɂɄɂ ɋɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ &6 + $ '( ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ ɗɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ Ʉɥɚɫɫ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɨɤɨɦ ɋɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ Ʉɥɚɫɫ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ Ɇɚɤɫ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɦɨɤɪɨɝɨ ɛɟɥɶɹ ɤɝ ɉɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɧɚ ɰɢɤɥ ɫɭɲɤɢ Ƚɚɛɚɪɢɬɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɯ ɲɢɪɢɧɚ ɯ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɤɨɪɩɭɫɚ ɉɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɚɹ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ Ƚ ɲɛɬɭɩɭɩɤ Ⱥ , ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ,3; Ȼ ɥɞ Ʉȼɬ
Ɇɟɪɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɤ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɛɟɥɶɹ Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ Ʉɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɏɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɜ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɛɭɞ ɭ ɳ ɟ ɦ ɢ ɥ ɢ ɩ ɟ ɪ ɟɞ ɚɱ ɢ ɧ ɨ ɜ ɨ ɦ ɭ ɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɭ Ⱦɜɟɪɰɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɢ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪ Ɉɪɝɚɧɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɉɪɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ x Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɩɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ x Ƚɚɪɚɧɬɢɣɧɵɣ ɬɚɥɨɧ x ɇɚɤɥɟɣɤɚ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ
Ɇɟɪɵ ɩɪɟɞɨɫɬɨɪɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɬ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɢɯ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦɢ ɨɬɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɨɬ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɞɨɦɚɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɟɬɶɦɢ ɢ ɥɸɞɶɦɢ ɫ ɯɨɡ ɹ ɣ ɫ ɬ ɜɚ ɬɚ ɤ ɨ ɟ ɤ ɚ ɤ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɦɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɫ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɵɲɟ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɥ ɸɞ ɶ ɦ ɢ ɧ ɟ ɢ ɦ ɟ ɸ ɳ ɢ ɦ ɢ ɇɟɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭ ɫ ɬ ɪ ɨ ɣ ɫ ɬ ɜ ɚ ɩ ɪ ɢ ɜ ɨɞ ɢ ɬ ɤ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝ
Ɣ Ɇ ɚ ɤ ɫ ɢ ɦ ɚ ɥ ɶ ɧ ɚ ɹ ɡ ɚ ɝ ɪɭ ɡ ɤ ɚ ɛ ɟ ɥ ɶ ɹ ɩ ɪ ɢ ɫ ɭ ɲ ɤ ɟ ɫ ɦ ɧ ɚ ɤ ɥ ɟ ɣ ɤ ɭ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ˄̨̡̭̯̦̌̏̌ Ɣ ɇɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɣɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɢɤɢ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɢ ɫ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɦɢ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɭɞɥɢɧɢɬɟɥɢ Ɣ ɇɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɫ ɡɚɧɚɜɟɫɤɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɣɬɟ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɩɚɞɚɥɨ ɢɥɢ ɫɤɚɩɥɢɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɡɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ Ɣ ɇɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɡɚ ɡɚɩɢɪɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɡɞɜɢɠɧɨɣ ɞɜɟɪɶɸ ɢɥɢ ɞɜɟɪɶɸ ɧɚ ɩɟɬɥɹɯ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ȼɚɠɧɨ ȼ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɬɪɚɧ
ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ Ȼɟɥɶɟ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɬɢɪɤɢ ɩɹɬɟɧ ɫɤɢɩɢɞɚɪɚ ɜɨɫɤɚ ɢ Ɣ ɇɟ ɫɭɲɢɬɟ ɧɟɫɬɢɪɚɧɧɨɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɫɤɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɜ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ Ɣ ɉɊȿȾ ɍɉɊȿɀȾȿɇɂȿ ɇɟ ɩɪɨɦɵɬɶ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɫ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɦ ɫɭɲɢɬɟ ɜ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɨɟ Ɣɋ ɦ ɹ ɝ ɱ ɢ ɬ ɟɥ ɢ ɬ ɤ ɚ ɧ ɢ ɢ ɥ ɢ ɫɭɯɨɣ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɱɢɫɬɤɨɣ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɵ Ɣɉ Ɋ ȿ Ⱦ ɍ ɉ Ɋ ȿ ɀ Ⱦ ȿ ɇ ɂ ȿ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ Ɇɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɬɢɩɚ ɨɪɨɥɨɧɚ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɟɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧ
Ɣ ɇɂɄɈȽȾȺ ɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɭɸ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɭ ɡɚɧɚɜɟɫɨɤ Ɣ ȿɫɥɢ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɦ ɚ ɲ ɢ ɧ ɭ ɧ ɟ ɨ ɛ ɯ ɨ ɞ ɢ ɦ ɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɤɨɧɮɢɝɭɪɚɰɢɢ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɦ ɨ ɞ ɟɥ ɶ ɞ ɥ ɹ ɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɫɦ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬ ɦ ɨ ɞ ɟɥ ɶ ɞ ɥ ɹ ɫɬɢɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɫɦ ȼɵɯɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ 58 ɇɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣɬɟ
ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ Ɣ ȼɫɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɭɩɚɤ ɨɜɨɱɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ ɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ Ɣ Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɬɚɪɨɣ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟ ɜɢɥɤɭ ɢɡ ɪɨɡɟɬɤɢ ɨɛɪɟɠɶɬɟ ɤɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɜɢɥɤɨɣ ɑɬɨɛɵ ɞɟɬɢ ɧɟ ɡɚɤɪɵɥɢ ɛɵ ɫɟɛɹ ɜ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɫɥɨɦɚɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɧɵɟ ɩɟɬɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɦɨɤ ɞɜɟɪɰɵ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɚɹ ɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɚ (8 ɇɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɫɨɨ
ȿɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɹɪɥɵɤ ɬɨ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɭ ɦɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɜ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ x ɂɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɨɱɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɢɡ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɚ x ɉɪɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɚ ɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɶɸ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɛɪɚɬɶ ɩɵɥɶ ɩɨɩɚɜɲɭɸ ɩɪɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɉɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɚ ɛɟɥɶɹ ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟ ɫɭɲɤɟ ɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɤɟɬɤɟ ɫ ɢ ɦ ɜɨɥ ɚ ɦ ɢ ɉ ɪ ɨ ɜɟ ɪ ɶɬɟ ɱ ɬɨ ɛ ɵ ɩ ɭ ɝɨ ɜ ɢ ɰ ɵ ɢ ɦɨɥɧɢɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɡɚɫɬɟɝɧɭɬɵ ɚ ɜ ɤɚɪɦɚɧɚɯ ɧɢɱɟɝɨ ɧɟɬ
Ʉɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɞɵ ȼɨɞɚ ɢɡ ɛɟɥɶɹ ɨɬɠɚɬɚɹ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɫɨɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ ɧɚ ɞɜɟɪɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɉɪɢ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪɚ ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɈȻəɁȺɌȿɅɖɇɈ ɨ ɩ ɭ ɫ ɬ ɨ ɲ ɢ ɬ ɶ Ɉ ɞ ɧ ɚ ɤ ɨ ɪ ɟ ɤ ɨ ɦ ɟ ɧ ɞ ɭ ɟɬ ɫ ɹ ɨ ɩ ɭ ɫ ɬ ɨ ɲ ɚ ɬ ɶ ɤ ɨ ɧ ɬ ɟ ɣ ɧ ɟ ɪ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɉɊɂɆȿɑȺɇɂȿ ȼ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɰɢɤɥɨɜ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ ɧɚɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɦɚɥɨ ɜɨɞɵ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɧ
Ⱦɜɟɪɰɚ ɢ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɉɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɪɭɱɤɭ Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ 58 ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɶ ɞɜɟɪɶ ɑɬɨɛɵ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɡɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɞɜɟɪɰɭ ɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɬɚɪɬ ɉɚɭɡɚ ɋɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɧɢɠɧɸɸ ɩɪɟɞɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɉ ɪ ɟ ɞ ɭ ɩ ɪ ɟ ɠ ɞ ɟ ɧ ɢ ɟ ɉ ɪ ɢ ɪ ɚ ɛ ɨ ɬ ɚ ɸ ɳ ɟ ɣ ɩɥɚɧɤɭ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɟ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧ ɢ ɞɜɟɪɰɚ ɋɂɅɖɇɈ ɇȺȽɊȿȼȺɘɌɋə Ɏɢɥɶɬɪ ȼȺɀɇɈ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɤɚɠɞɵɦ ɰɢɤɥɨɦ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟ ɱɢɫɬɨɬɭ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ ɞɥɹ ɭɥɚɜɥɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨ
ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ Ʉɧɨɩɤɚ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɉɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɵɣ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɫɭɯɨɫɬɢ ɛɟɥɶɹ ɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɢɧɭɬ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɬɚɪɬɚ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɉɨɞ ɝɥɚɠɤɭ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɝɤɚ ɜɥɚɠɧɵɦ ɢ ɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɝɥɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɬɸɝɨɦ $ ( ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɇɚ ɜɟɲɚɥɤɭ ɞɥɹ ɜɟɳɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɪɚɡɜɟɲɚɧɵ ɧɚ ɜɟɲɚɥɤɢ ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ȼ ɲɤɚɮ ɞɥɹ ɜɟɳɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɜ ɲɤɚɮ % ' ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɋɨɜɫɟɦ ɫɭɯɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɜɟ
' /HG ɋɜɟɬɨɜɵɟ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ Ʉɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɩɭɫɬɨɲɢɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɟɣɧɟɪ ɞɥɹ ɫɛɨɪɚ ɜɨɞɵ Ɉɱɢɫɬɤɚ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɵ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɞɜɟɪɰɟ ɢ ɜ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ Ɉɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɂɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɮɢɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɞɢɹ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ Ɂɨɧɚ ( 60$57 728&+ ± ɧɚɠɢɦɚɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɬɚɪɬ ɉɚɭɡɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɵɞɭɳɢɣ ɡɚɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɩɪɨɝ
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ˄̡̨̭̬̖̦̦̌́ ̡̭̱̹̌ ˑ̡̨Ͳ̵̨̨̡̣̪ ʥ̖̣̼̜ ̵̨̨̡̣̪ Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɂɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɵɯ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ Ɇɢɧɢɦɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɥɚɞɨɤ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɹ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɥɟɝɤɨɣ ɝɥɚɠɤɢ ɉɟɪɟɞ ɫɭɲɤɨɣ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɜɫɬɪɹɯɧɭɬɶ ɛɟɥɶɟ ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ (FR QRUPDWLYH ɫɭɲɤɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɲɚɥɤɭ ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɨɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɉɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɯɥɨɩɤɨɜɵɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɉɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɞɥɹ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɯɥɨɩɤɚ ɮɢɛɪɵ ɢ ɩɨɥɨɬɟɧɟɰ ȼɦɟɫɬɢɦ ɨɫɬɶ ɤɝ ɉɨɥɧɚɹ Ⱦɥɹ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧ
ɗɬɚ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ 6PDUW 7RXFK ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɜɚɲɟɝɨ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɚ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ $QGURLG ɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɟɣ 1)& 1HDU ILHOG &RPPXQLFDWLRQ ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɜɚɲ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ &DQG\ VLPSO\ )L xɆɨɹ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɦ ɫɭɲɤɢ ɢ ɫ ɨ ɜ ɟɬ ɵ ɩ ɨ ɧ ɚ ɢ ɛ ɨɥ ɟ ɟ ɷ ɮ ɮ ɟ ɤ ɬ ɢ ɜ ɧ ɨ ɦ ɭ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɜɚɲɟɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɉɨɥɭɱɢɬɟ ɜɫɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ 6PDUW 7RXFK ɡɚɝɪɭɡɢɜ ɞɟɦɨ ɜɟɪɫɢɸ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɣɞɢɬɟ ɩɨ ɫɫɵɥɤɟ ZZZ FDQG\VP
ɉɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ȿɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɟɬɟ ɝɞɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚ ɚɧɬɟɧɧɚ 1)& ɩɥɚɜɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɝɚɣɬɟ ɫɦɚɪɮɬɨɧ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɥɨɝɨɬɢɩɚ 6PDUW 7RXFK ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫ x Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɪɚɡ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜɵ ɯɨɬɢɬɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ ɞɨ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ 6PDUW 7RXFK x ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɜɵ ɪɚɡɛɥɨɤɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ ɫɜɨɣ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɥɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ 1)& ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɣɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɜɵɲɟ x ȿɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɯɨɬɢɬɟ ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɰ
ȾɅə ɆɈȾȿɅȿɃ ɋ ɎɍɇɄɐɂȿɃ 60$57 728&+ ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ &DQG\ 6LPSO\ )L Ⱦɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ &DQG\ VLPSO\ )L $33 ɜɚɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ $QGURLG VPDUWSKRQH ɫ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ 1)& Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɜ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ȿɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɵ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɲɢɛɤɚ ɤɨɞ ɢɥɢ ɦɢɝɚɧɢɟ ɫɜɟɬɨɞɢɨɞɨɜ ɡɚɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɚɲɟɦ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧɟ ɧɚ ɛɚɡɟ $QGURLG ɫ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ 1)& ɢ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ©ɍɡɧɚɬɶ ɨɛ ɨɲɢɛɤɟª 5HDG WKH HUURU ɜ ɦɟɧɸ ©Ɉɧɥɚɣɧ ɩɨɦɨɳɶª +HOS RQ OLQH ɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɜɚɲ ɫɦɚɪɬɮɨɧ ɧɚɩɪɨɬɢ
Ɍɨɪɝɨɜɚɹ ɦɚɪɤɚ Ɍɢɩ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ &DQG\ ɋɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ &6 + $ '( ɉɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶ Ʉɚɧɞɢ Ƚɭɜɟɪ Ƚɪɭɩ ɋ ɪ ɥ ȼɢɚ Ʉɨɦɨɥɥɢ Ȼɪɭɝɟɪɢɨ Ɇɢɥɚɧ ɂɬɚɥɢɹ Ɏɚɛɪɢɤɚ ©Ɋɟɧɬɚ ɏɚɭɫɯɨɥɞ ɗɩɥɚɢɧɫɟɫª Ɉɪɝɚɧɢɡɟ ɋɚɧɚɢ Ȼɨɥɝɟɫɢ ɛ Ʉɚɞɞɟ ɗɫɤɢɫɟɯɢɪ Ɍɭɪɰɢɹ ɉɨɫɬɚɜɳɢɤ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɊɎ ɭɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɢɣ 222©Ʉɚɧɞɢ ɋɇȽª Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ 222©Ʉɚɧɞɢ ɋɇȽª Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ ɣ Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɫɩɟɤɬ ɞ 7HO Ɋɨɳɢɧɫɤɢɣ ɩɪ ɞ ɞ 7HO
ɋɟɪɜɢɫɧɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɍɩ ɚ ɤ ɨ ɜ ɨ ɱ ɧ ɵ ɟ ɦ ɚ ɬ ɟ ɪ ɢ ɚ ɥ ɵ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɣɬɟ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɩɨ ɭ ɬ ɢ ɥ ɢ ɡ ɚ ɰ ɢ ɢ ɭ ɩ ɚ ɤ ɨ ɜ ɨ ɱ ɧ ɵ ɯ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ȼɚɲɚ ɫɭɲɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɚ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɵɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɛɵɬɨɜɵɦ ɦɭɫɨɪɨɦ ȼɵɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɢ ɡ ɫ ɬ ɪ ɨ ɹ ɩ ɪ ɢ ɛ ɨ ɪ ɞ ɨ ɥ ɠ ɟ ɧ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ Ⱦ ɥ ɹ ɭ ɬ ɨ ɱ ɧ ɟ ɧ ɢ ɹ ɩ ɪ ɚ ɜ ɢ ɥ ɭ ɬ ɢ ɥ ɢ ɡ ɚ ɰ ɢ ɢ ɩ ɪ ɨ ɫ ɢ ɦ ȼ ɚ ɫ ɨ ɛ ɪ ɚ ɬ ɢ ɬ ɶ ɫ ɹ ɜ ɫ ɩ ɟ ɰ ɢ ɚ ɥ ɢ ɡ ɢ ɪ ɨ ɜ ɚ ɧ ɧ ɭ ɸ ɝɨ
ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ ȼɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɤɝ Ʉɥɚɫɫ ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ ʥ̖̣̼̜ ̵̨̨̡̣̪ ʥ̖̣̼̜ ̵̨̨̡̣̪ ˑ̡̨Ͳ̵̨̨̡̣̪ ˑ̡̨Ͳ̵̨̨̡̣̪ ò ʥ̖̣̼̜ ̵̨̨̡̣̪ ɤȼɬ ɱ ȼɪɟɦɹ ɦɢɧ ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɤȼɬ ɱ ȼɪɟɦɹ ɦɢɧ ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɤȼɬ ɱ ȼɪɟɦɹ ɦɢɧ ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɤȼɬ ɱ ȼɪɟɦɹ ɦɢɧ ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɤȼɬ ɱ ȼɪɟɦɹ ɦɢɧ ȼɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶ ȼɪɟɦɹ ϳ ϯ͕ϯϯ ϯϬϮ Ϯ͕ϵϬ Ϯϳϴ Ϭ͕ϯϳ Ϯϰϰ Ϯ͕ϱϳ ϭϰϬ Ϯ͕Ϭϯ ϭϵϰ
