Designer’s Guide This document contains the following sections: • Introduction • Flow Meters • How to Specify • Weather Sensors • Irrigation Controllers • Central Computer and Software • Handheld Radio Remotes • Communication Options • Transient Protection and Grounding • Communication Accessories • Enclosures • Data Access Service Plans • Sharing Points of Connections • Other Options Revision 3 October 2013
© Copyright 2013 by Calsense. All rights reserved. Published 2013. Calsense 2075 Corte del Nogal, Suite P Carlsbad, CA 92011 Toll Free: (800) 562-8608 Tel: (760) 438-0525 Fax: (760) 438-2619 Technical Support Online: http://www.calsense.com E-mail: productsupport@calsense.com Calsense documentation is available from http://www.calsense.com. You can download, print, copy, and redistribute the documentation; but you may not edit it, sell it, or sell any documentation derived from it.
Calsense Table of Contents Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................i List of Figures ..........................................................................................................................iii Introduction .............................................................................................................................1 Calsense Philosophy.............................................
Calsense Tipping Rain Bucket (model RB-1)........................................................................................... 37 Wind Gage (model WG-1) ....................................................................................................... 37 Soil Moisture Sensor (model 1000-S)...................................................................................... 39 WEATHERSENSE.............................................................................................................
Calsense List of Figures Controller Box................................................................................................................................ 10 Auxiliary Transformer Relay Assembly .......................................................................................... 11 RRe-TRAN Handheld Radio Remote .............................................................................................. 13 Transient Protection Board .....................................................
Calsense Antenna Cable Surge Protector ..................................................................................................... 65 Phone Modem Surge Protector..................................................................................................... 66 Lights Relay Wiring ........................................................................................................................
Calsense Introduction The Calsense Designer's Guide is a detailed packet of design information for the full Calsense product line. Please call Calsense directly at (800) 572-8608 or (760) 438-0525 for further information and product support. Calsense Philosophy Calsense is a California-based company that designs and manufactures computerized irrigation controllers used for water conservation and water management.
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Calsense How to Specify How to Specify Controllers Number of stations Communication or first option Controller model Other options ET2000e-24-EN-G-RB Controller Model ET2000e ET, rain, and soil moisture driven Irrigation Controller (includes powder-coated box) Number of Stations -6 6 station Irrigation Controller -8 8 station Irrigation Controller -12 12 station Irrigation Controller -16 16 station Irrigation Controller -24 24 station Irrigation Controller -32 32 station Irrigation Controller
Calsense How to Specify Optional Equipment Weather Sensors ETG ET Gage ETGE Vandal-Resistant Stainless Steel ET Gage Enclosure (for use with model ETG) RB-1 Tipping Rain Bucket WG-1 Wind Gage Flow Meters FM-1B 1-inch brass tee mounted Flow Meter FM-1.25B 1.25-inch brass tee mounted Flow Meter FM-1.5B 1.5-inch brass tee mounted Flow Meter FM-2B 2-inch brass tee mounted Flow Meter FM-1.5 1.
Calsense Transient Protection TP-1 Transient Protection Board only (specify number of stations and options) - TP-1 must be mounted in TBP for outdoor use TPB Outdoor box for TP-1 Transient Protection Board TP-110 Transient Surge Arrestor for AC line protection TPP Wall-Mounted Transient Protection Package - includes: TP-1, TPB, and TP-110 Pedestals and Enclosures SSE Heavy-Duty Stainless Steel Enclosure - includes TP-1 and TP-110 SSE-R Heavy-Duty Stainless Steel Enclosure - includes TP-1, TP-110, and
Calsense LR-FILTER Local Radio radio frequency filter SR-FILTER Spread Spectrum Radio radio frequency filter ANT-PROT Antenna cable surge protection device TP-MOD Phone modem surge protection device Data Access Service Plans COMM-1MN Data Access Service Plan for 1 GPRS Radio communicating with 1-2 controllers, 1-month prepaid communication charge COMM-1MN-M Data Access Service Plan for 1 GPRS Radio communicating with multiple controllers, 1-month prepaid communication charge COMM-1YR Data Access
Calsense Irrigation Controllers ET2000e The Calsense ET2000e Irrigation Controller is an important water conservation and management tool. Some of its major water management features include flow monitoring, moisture-based irrigation, and the use of daily evapotranspiration (ET) to automatically calculate station run times.
Calsense Daily ET The ET2000e can irrigate based on real-time evapotranspiration (ET) allowing the controller to automatically calculate each station’s run time before irrigation. This ET data can come from an on-site ET Gage (model ETG), a Campbell Scientific Weather Station (model ET107), or the WEATHERSENSE feature of Command Center. At the start of an irrigation day, typically 8:00 PM, the previous day’s ET value is stored for historical purposes.
Calsense for some stations but not others. For irrigation systems where multiple controllers share one or more pumps, the FLOWSENSE option (model -FL) should be used. For information about Sharing Points of Connections, see page 23. Light, Gate, and Water Features The ET2000e Irrigation Controller provides an optional lights feature (model -L), which is used to operate up to four light, gate, or water feature relays. For more information about lights, see Lights (model -L) on page 69.
Calsense Installation When choosing a location for the ET2000e Irrigation Controller, consider the accessibility of 120 VAC power wires and the routing of the wires connected to the irrigation remote control valves. If using the included controller box for a wall-mount or pedestal installation, a minimum of two inches of clearance above the controller is necessary for the door to be removed after installation (Figure 1). Additionally, the door needs 11.5 inches on the left to fully open.
Calsense • 24 VAC output for use with pump start relay • Electrical surge protection Electrical Hook-up Perform all 120 VAC electrical and grounding hook-up per local and National Electric Code. Enclose the 120 VAC power line in conduit approved for grounding and connect securely to the transformer nipple. The conduit should be grounded, as it will serve as the controller’s ground. Terminal strips for wiring controller station wires to field wires are highly recommended.
Calsense 24 Volt AC Power Consumption The power consumption of the 24 VAC power supplied to the controller by the transformer from the 120 VAC power line is 0.30A for each solenoid valve that is on, as well as an additional 0.30A while the backlight is on (Table 1). The backlight remains on for 10 minutes after a day is pressed on the controller. Idle w/ Backlight Transmitting ET2000e -EN -WEN -GR -R -FOM -LR -SR -M 6.30 10.50 10.50 1.50 1.50 1.90 1.90 1.90 3.10 2.90 2.90 4.00 1.10 1.10 1.
Calsense Handheld Radio Remotes RRe-TRAN The Calsense RRe-TRAN is a handheld radio remote used with the Calsense ET2000e Irrigation Controller (Figure 3). When combined with the Calsense Radio Remote Receiver Board option (model -RRe), the RRe-TRAN provides the ability to turn stations on, turn lights on and off, open or close a master valve, and make basic programming changes. Controllers are added to the radio remote in the field by pressing a few keys.
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Calsense Transient Protection and Grounding Transient Protection Board (model TP-1) The Calsense Transient Protection Board prevents transient surges from entering the ET2000e Irrigation Controller (Figure 4). Lightning strikes can cause considerable damage to irrigation equipment. The Calsense Transient Protection Board protects against this by using transorbs, solid-state devices, which direct or switch the incoming transient away from the controller to a ground rod.
Calsense Transient Surge Arrestor (model TP-110) The Calsense Transient Surge Arrestor is a secondary surge protector designed for 120-VAC electrical service. It is used in addition to the Transient Protection Board to provide increased protection against voltage transients on the power supply lines. The TP-110 is CSA certified and meets ANSI/IEEE C62.11 standards.
Calsense Grounding Instructions Non-Lightning Prone Areas Standalone System Standalone systems in non-lightning prone areas require no ground rod. The case of the controller must be grounded from the conduit nipple of the transformer to earth or safety ground, in accordance with the local or National Electrical Code. Standalone systems are defined as individual controllers installed and connected only to valves and meters.
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Calsense Enclosures Heavy-Duty Stainless Steel Enclosure (model SSE and SSE-R) The Calsense Heavy-Duty Stainless Steel enclosure is a completely assembled unit, ready for any Calsense controller (Figure 6). The controller is mounted at a 25° angle for easy access and viewing. The enclosure is constructed of weather- and vandal-resistant stainless steel. The unit comes complete with a TP-1 and TP-110 for transient and lightning protection, factory labeled terminals, GFI outlet, and keyed switch.
Calsense Heavy-Duty Double-Wide Stainless Steel Enclosure (model SSE-D and SSE-D-R) The Double-Wide Heavy-Duty Stainless Steel Enclosure offers protection for any combination of two Calsense ET2000e Irrigation Controllers (Figure 7). The enclosure provides a secure, vertical mounting surface for each controller where no mounting surface is available. The model SSE-D comes pre-wired when two controllers share central communications and the flow management benefits of the FLOWSENSE® option.
Calsense Stainless Steel Backplate (model SSBP) The Calsense Stainless Steel Backplate is a convenient way to accommodate an indoor wall-mount installation of ET2000e controllers (Figure 8). Assembly includes a GFI and receptacle.
Calsense Stainless Steel Pedestal (model SSE-PED) The Calsense Stainless Steel Pedestal is a heavy-duty fully-enclosed riser designed for use with the SSE and SSE-R Stainless Steel Enclosures. This 14-inch high, corrosion- and vandal-resistant pedestal provides security and protection of field wiring when additional controller elevation is needed.
Calsense Sharing Points of Connections FLOWSENSE (model -FL) The Calsense FLOWSENSE® option, specified as -FL, allows multiple controllers to share master valves, flow meters, and pumps, as well as real-time weather data from devices such as an ET Gage, Tipping Rain Bucket, and/or third-party rain and freeze sensors (Figure 9). This sharing is accomplished through a two-way communication link between the controllers in the field, using the Hardwire or Spread Spectrum Radio options.
Calsense Benefits of the FLOWSENSE option include: • Eliminates the need for relays when sharing pumps or master valves with several controllers • Manages the number of valves that can be turned on at a time based on system flow capacities • Eliminates scheduling conflicts with multiple controllers • Provides water management capabilities with or without a Flow Meter Water Management With FLOWSENSE, the user has the ability to control the number of valves turned on based on the flow capacities of th
Calsense frequency band and deal with interference by hopping through multiple frequencies. This hopping technique is pre-programmed into the controllers and ensures the system communicates efficiently. For more information about this communication option, see Spread Spectrum Radio (model -SR) on page 53. Note: Calsense recommends that a radio survey be conducted by Calsense to confirm proper radio coverage for efficient system communication.
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Calsense Flow Meters Tee Type Flow Meter (model FM) The Calsense Flow Meter enables Calsense ET2000e Irrigation Controllers to measure the flow rate of an irrigation system, making it an important management tool in detecting mainline breaks, broken risers, and closed or stuck valves. It is installed in the main line after the water meter or backflow preventer. The master valve can be installed on either side of the Flow Meter.
Calsense Figure 11 - Saddle-Mounted Flow Meter Installation Flow Meter Details Flow Meter Sizes Calsense Flow Meters are available in a variety of models, each supporting a different size, as indicated in the following table: Flow Meter Size Minimum Upstream Pipe Length Minimum Downstream Pipe Length Pipe Diameter 1" 1.25" 1.5" 2" 3" 10" 12.5" 15" 20" 30" 5" 6.25" 7.5" 10" 15" 1" 1.25" 1.
Calsense • Maximum flow rate (in gpm) for the system • Minimum flow rate (in gpm) for the system • Permissible pressure loss through the flow meter The maximum flow rate is the full-scale reading of a Flow Meter, and must not be exceeded by the flow rate of any station in an irrigation system. The minimum flow rate is the lowest flow rate at which a Flow Meter will measure flow.
Calsense Alerts report, and at the central computer. This process continues each irrigation until the station is repaired. Similarly, if a remote control valve does not open, has an obstruction, or has a measured flow rate below the Flow Meter minimum, the controller indicates a low flow on the display. If the backflow preventer or water meter has been turned off, every station on the controller indicates this alert.
Calsense Flow Meter Maximum Pressure FM-1B FM-1.25B FM-1.5B FM-2B FM-1.5 FM-2 FM-3 400 psi 400 psi 400 psi 200 psi 100 psi 100 psi 100 psi Table 6: Maximum Flow Meter Pressure Ratings Electrical Installation Wires from the Flow Meter to the ET2000e Irrigation Controller should consist of one black and one red standard #14 AWG irrigation wire. The maximum wire run between Flow Meter and controller is 2,000 feet. The Flow Meter has two wire leads, a black and a red.
Calsense Bypass Manifold A bypass manifold enables the controller to measure low flow readings on a large mainline using the -F option. It does so by utilizing one (Figure 12) or two (Figure 13) smaller Flow Meters attached to a large main. When irrigation or a master valve override starts, the controller uses the bypass manifold to dynamically manage flow through the appropriate size Flow Meter using the actual flow rate of the system.
Calsense Figure 13 - 3-Tier Bypass Manifold Designer’s Guide 33
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Calsense Weather Sensors ET Gage (model ETG) Using a Calsense ET Gage, ET2000e Irrigation Controllers can use real-time daily ET to calculate station run times automatically. To connect to an ET Gage, the controller must be specified to include the -G interface. The ET Gage is designed to evaporate water at the same rate as tall fescue (Figure 14). Measurements comparing the ET Gage to weather stations computing ET using the Penman-Monteith evapotranspiration formula show better than 95% accuracy.
Calsense Readings from the ET Gage can be shared automatically between ET2000e Irrigation Controllers using FLOWSENSE® technology or using Calsense Command Center Central Water Management Software. Placement of the ET Gage Placement of the ET Gage is very important. The top surface of the gage should be 2 feet 10 7/8 inches above grade(Figure 14). The location should be representative of the area to be irrigated and free of any obstructions to sunlight and wind.
Calsense Tipping Rain Bucket (model RB-1) The Calsense Tipping Rain Bucket allows an ET2000e controller with the -RB interface to keep a record of accumulated rainfall (Figure 16). The Tipping Rain Bucket consists of a tipping mechanism that measures every 0.01 inches of rainfall. The measured water drains out of the bottom of the housing. Therefore, the bucket requires no attention or service of any kind.
Calsense user-set limit. As wind subsides, the ET2000e controller resumes irrigation where it left off. It can accurately read winds from 0 to 135 MPH. The Wind Gage cannot share data with other controllers through the Calsense Command Center Central Water Management Software; however, it can be shared using the FLOWSENSE® option. Figure 17 - Wind Gage Wind Gage Cable The Wind Gage is shipped with 60 feet of two-conductor cable.
Calsense Soil Moisture Sensor (model 1000-S) The Calsense Moisture Sensor is a solid-state tensiometer that measures moisture content in the soil (Figure 18). The sensor includes data transmission circuitry that sends moisture level readings to the controller over the same field wires that operate the valve. The entire unit is encased in epoxy to protect the electronics from moisture.
Calsense Installation Guidelines Installation of moisture sensors is the responsibility of the contractor. Proper sensor installation is extremely important. Moisture sensors must be installed correctly to achieve accurate moisture readings. All sensor locations should be marked on the plans, as well as in the field. Correct sensor placement and installation should be verified before the project is signed off. The project inspector should call Calsense before project is signed off.
Calsense evapotranspiration rate aids in the development of an irrigation schedule that provides sufficient water for the crops without overwatering. The weather station also provides daily rain totals, which are measured using a Tipping Rain Bucket. The weather information is retrieved from the weather station using a data logger software package provided by Campbell Scientific. Currently, two such applications are available - LoggerNet and Visual Weather.
Calsense Third Party Rain/Freeze Sensors Third-party rain and freeze sensors typically operate by breaking the connection between the field common wire and the controller. Sensors must be wired according to Calsense requirements (Figure 20). If using a different weather sensor, including a wireless sensor, contact Calsense at (800) 572-8608 for a wiring diagram. Caution: DO NOT install a rain and/or freeze sensor other than directed as doing so will disable some of the controller's features.
Calsense Central Computer and Software Command Center (model COMM-1) The Calsense Command Center Central Water Management Software is a centralized software package designed to provide complete irrigation control. It is specifically designed for easy operation and requires no prior computer experience. Flow and electrical issues in the field are pinpointed in a Daily Alerts report that lists the exact causes and locations of problems, enabling maintenance crews to handle them effectively.
Calsense This system uses Advantage Database Server™, a relational database management system (RDBMS), which moves the processing of database requests to the database server, increasing performance and dramatically reducing network traffic. Once installed, the server self-configures as demand increases or decreases, reducing common maintenance tasks associated with other database servers and eliminating the need for a formal database administrator.
Calsense • 512 MB of RAM or higher recommended. 256 MB required. • 50 MB of available hard disk space on the system partition. 300 MB if Command Center is installed on the database server as well.
Calsense Minimum System Requirements Note: Virtualized hardware using Microsoft Hyper-V or VMware is supported as long as it meets the minimum system requirements. However, performance may be slower when working in a virtualized environment.
Calsense Communication Options Calsense offers a wide range of communication options to provide designers with the greatest flexibility possible when designing a complex system. GPRS Radio (model -GR) The Calsense GPRS communication option (model -GR) enables a computer running the Calsense Command Center Software to communicate with an ET2000e controller using the Internet. Figure 22 shows an example of a single computer communicating via the Internet with a controller using the -GR option.
Calsense • Any firewalls or routers between the central computer and the internet must allow outbound TCP connections via port 12345 Wireless Ethernet (model -WEN) The Calsense Wireless Ethernet communication option (model -WEN) enables a computer running the Calsense Command Center software to communicate with an ET2000e controller using an existing wireless Ethernet (Wi-Fi) network.
Calsense Requirements To connect a Calsense Wireless Ethernet device to your network, the following is required: • An existing wireless Ethernet (IEEE 802.11b or 802.11g) infrastructure network Notes: IEEE 802.11a and IEEE 802.11n networks are not supported. Ad-Hoc networks are not supported. • A network that uses Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) Note: Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is not supported.
Calsense Requirements To connect a Calsense Ethernet device to your network, the following is required: • An existing Ethernet network Note: Gigabit and greater networks are only supported if the network auto-negotiates down to 100 Mbps. • A network that uses Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) Note: Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is not supported.
Calsense Requirements To use a Calsense Analog Phone Modem, the following is required: • RJ-11 phone jack with active phone line installed at controller location • A plain old telephone service (POTS) analog phone line at the central computer (dedicated line recommended) • A POTS analog phone line at the controller (dedicated line recommended) Note: Calsense does not support the use of digital phone lines to communicate with controllers. This includes the use of Voice over IP (VoIP) systems.
Calsense Requirements To use a fiber optic modem, the following is required: • Fiber optic modem connected to the central computer • Calsense SSE or SSE-D stainless steel enclosure • An existing two loop (A and B) fiber optic network Local Radio (model -LR) The Calsense Local Radio communication option (model -LR) enables a computer running the Calsense Command Center software to communicate with an ET2000e controller through a local radio system.
Calsense • A Calsense Local Radio Hub • A radio survey conducted by Calsense prior to installing any local radio equipment: This service is provided free-of-charge and must be requested by the designer. This helps ensure adequate coverage at the proposed controller locations and determine the ideal location for the Local Radio Hub to be installed.
Calsense • Can be used as a communication path for FLOWSENSE® technology Calsense controller with -SR option Calsense controller with -SR option Figure 28 - Spread Spectrum Communication Requirements To use a Calsense spread spectrum radio, the following is required: • A Calsense Spread Spectrum Radio Hub (optional if only used for FLOWSENSE communication) • An optional radio survey, to be conducted by Calsense prior to installing any spread spectrum equipment.
Calsense Requirements To connect two or more Calsense hardwire controllers together, the following is required: • Paige P7171D communication cable installed in conduit. For runs of less than 100 feet, 18-gauge multi-conductor irrigation wire in conduit may be substituted. • A maximum length of 5,000 feet for all Paige P7171D communication cable for one communication chain.
Calsense • A maximum of 12 controllers using FLOWSENSE technology in a single chain Hardwire Line Amplifier (model LA-2 PC) The Calsense line amplifier (model LA-2 PC) allows communication directly from a central computer to hardwire controllers in the field without the need for an additional central communication device. This device connects to an RS-232 serial port on the computer and is wired directly to the Paige P7171D cable in the field (Figure 32).
Calsense Bridging Chains using -M-M Controllers This scenario involves using controllers with two hardwire (model -M) communication options to share a single central communication link with multiple hardwire FLOWSENSE chains or non-FLOWSENSE controllers (Figure 33). This is ideally suited for small sites or sites where Paige P7171D communication cable already exists between the controllers.
Calsense Bridging Chains using -M-SR Controllers This scenario involves using a controller with the spread spectrum radio (model -SR) communication option to bridge multiple hardwire FLOWSENSE chains or non-FLOWSENSE controllers (Figure 34). This scenario is common for sites where hardwire FLOWSENSE chains are spread across a large area with no way to run Paige P7171D communication cable between them. Note: Bridging spread spectrum radio FLOWSENSE chains using hardwire in this method is not supported.
Calsense Bridging Chains using a -SR Hub This final scenario involves using a non-FLOWSENSE spread spectrum radio (model -SR) hub or controller to communicate to multiple FLOWSENSE chains or non-FLOWSENSE controllers (Figure 35). This scenario is common for sites where FLOWSENSE chains are spread across a large area with no way to run Paige P7171D communication cable between them.
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Calsense Communication Accessories Antennas An antenna, purchased separately, is required to use many of Calsense’s communication options. Calsense offers a variety antennas, each designed to accommodate specific situations. Dome Antenna Calsense Dome Antennas (models LR-DOME, LR-DOME-RRe, SR-DOME, SR-DOME-RRe, RRe-DOME, and LR-DOME-SR) are omnidirectional, low-profile transit antennas designed for all environments and applications (Figure 36). The maximum cable length is dependent upon signal strength.
Calsense Stubby Antenna Calsense Stubby Antennas are omnidirectional surface-mount antennas designed for all environments and applications (Figure 36). The maximum cable length is dependent upon signal strength. Stubby antennas come with their own cables; however, they may be extended with prior approval from Calsense.
Calsense the maximum length of cable is 100 feet. Longer distances may be available with prior approval from Calsense. Note: LMR-195-DB cable, specified separately, is required if mounting a whip antenna.
Calsense Local Radio Filter (model LR-FILTER) The Calsense Local Radio Frequency Filter (model LR-FILTER) is a cavity resonator used to help prevent interference from unwanted frequencies by filtering them out (Figure 38). It is required when using a LRSTICK antenna and recommended when using an LR-YAGI.
Calsense Spread Spectrum Radio Filter (model SR-FILTER) The Calsense Spread Spectrum Frequency Filter (model SR-FILTER) is a bandpass filter used to help prevent interference from unwanted frequencies by filtering them out. It is required when using a SRSTICK antenna and recommended when using an SR-YAGI.
Calsense Phone Modem Surge Protector (model TP-MOD) The Calsense Phone Line Surge Protector (model TP-MOD) helps protect the phone modem and controller from lightning strikes and other power surges that may occur over the phone line.
Calsense Data Access Service Plans Calsense offers 1 month, 1 year, and 5 year prepaid data access service plans for use with the GPRS (model -GR) communication option. These prepaid plans allow the use of GPRS without the need to sign a contract with a third-party service provider. Any changes to the service are handled by Calsense, as are any firmware updates and programming changes that may need to be done to the radio during the term of the contract.
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Calsense Other Options Lights (model -L) The Calsense ET2000e Irrigation Controller provides four optional programs that can be used to control various devices such as lights, gates, or water features. The additional light circuits are added at the time of ordering by specifying the -L interface. This option includes the hardware and firmware for four isolated light circuits. The Lights programs operate independently from the irrigation programs.
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