CS475, CS476 & CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor User Manual Issued 8.4.13 Copyright © 2009-2013 Campbell Scientific Inc. Printed under licence by Campbell Scientific Ltd.
Guarantee This equipment is guaranteed against defects in materials and workmanship. This guarantee applies for twelve months from date of delivery. We will repair or replace products which prove to be defective during the guarantee period provided they are returned to us prepaid.
PLEASE READ FIRST About this manual Please note that this manual was originally produced by Campbell Scientific Inc. primarily for the North American market. Some spellings, weights and measures may reflect this origin. Some useful conversion factors: Area: 1 in2 (square inch) = 645 mm2 Length: 1 in. (inch) = 25.4 mm 1 ft (foot) = 304.8 mm 1 yard = 0.914 m 1 mile = 1.609 km Mass: 1 oz. (ounce) = 28.35 g 1 lb (pound weight) = 0.454 kg Pressure: 1 psi (lb/in2) = 68.95 mb Volume: 1 UK pint = 568.
Contents PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the PDF reader bookmarks tab for links to specific sections. 1. Introduction ................................................................. 1 2. Cautionary Statements............................................... 1 3. Initial Inspection ......................................................... 2 4. Quickstart .................................................................... 2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.
. Diagnostics, Repair, and Maintenance ................... 20 8.1 Testing Procedure.................................................................................20 8.1.1 Start Measurement Command ......................................................21 8.1.2 Check Unit Response ....................................................................22 8.1.3 Check for Valid Data ....................................................................22 8.1.4 Cyclic Redundancy Check..............................
7-2. 8-1. 8-2. 8-3. 8-4. 8-5. A-1. B-1. B-2. B-3. B-4. B-5. B-6. SDI-12 Command Codes ..................................................................... 18 Example of Start Measurement Command.......................................... 21 Acknowledge Active Command .......................................................... 22 Send Identification Command ............................................................. 22 Checking CRC Example ...................................................................
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CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 1. Introduction The CS475, CS476, and CS477 are radar-ranging sensors that monitor the water level of rivers, lakes, tidal seas, and reservoirs. They output a digital SDI-12 signal to indicate distance and stage. Many of our dataloggers can read the SDI-12 signal. Before using these radar sensors, please study • • • 2.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 3. Initial Inspection When unpacking the equipment, do the following: 4. • Unpack the unit in a clean, dry area. • Inspect the equipment for any damage that occurred during shipping or storage. • If the equipment is damaged, file a claim against the carrier and report the damage in detail. Quickstart This Quickstart uses the default settings (see Table 4-1), which are used in most circumstances. Table 4-1. Default Settings NOTE 4.
User Manual Table 4-2. Radiation Beam Spread for CS475 (10° Beam Angle) Distance in Metres Diameter of Footprint in Metres 1 0.18 5 0.87 10 1.76 15 2.64 20 3.53 Table 4-3. Radiation Beam Spread for CS476/CS477 (8° Beam Angle) Distance in Metres Diameter of Footprint in Metres 1 0.14 5 0.70 10 1.41 15 2.11 20 2.81 30 4.216 70 (CS477 only) 9.84 3. Securely mount the sensor. 4.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor CS475 CS476/CS477 2 1 Figure 4-1. Polarization markings (see Table 4-4 for label descriptions) Table 4-4. Description of Polarization Markings Labels 4.2 Sensor Description 1 CS475 Polarization marks are designated by the mounting loop screws. 2 CS476/CS477 Polarization mark is machine-tooled.
User Manual Table 4-5. Example of a Start False Echo Learn Command Initial Command Response 0XSFEL+2.500! 02001 Where (from left to right), Where (from left to right), 0—sensor’s address; 0—sensor’s address; 2.500—the water surface distance. 200—the amount of time (in seconds) that you must wait before sending the send data command; 1—the number of values that will be placed in the buffer. 4.3 Subsequent Command Response 0D0! 0+2.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 4.4 6 Step 4 — Use SCWin Short Cut to Program Datalogger and Generate Wiring Diagram 1. Open Short Cut and click on New Program. 2. Select a datalogger and scan interval.
User Manual 3. Under Generic Measurements, select SDI-12 Sensor then click the right arrow to add it to the list of sensors to be measured. 4. A properties window will appear. In this window, enter Stage and Feet for the First Result; Distance and Feet for the Second Result, and ErrorCode for the Third Result.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 5. 5. Choose the outputs and then select Finish. 6. Wire according to the wiring diagram generated by Short Cut. Overview The CS475, CS476, and CS477 emit short microwave pulses and measure the elapsed time between the emission and return of the pulses. The elapsed time measurement is used to calculate the distance between the sensor face and the target (for example, water, grain, slurry). The distance value can be used to determine depth.
User Manual Three sensor models are available that differ in their measurement range and accuracy. The CS475 can measure distances up to 65 feet with an accuracy of ±0.2 inches; the CS476 can measure up to 98 feet with an accuracy of ±0.1 inches; and the CS477 can measure up to 230 feet with an accuracy of ±0.6 inches. Figure 5-1. CS475, CS476, and CS477 5.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor Figure 5-2. Components and hardware (see Table 5-1 for description of labels) Table 5-1. Description of Components and Hardware Labels (A) (B) 1 2 3 4 CS475 CS476 or CS477 Mounting Loop PULS Housing Side Cap PULS Housing Cap PULS Unit Secondary 1/2” NPT Cable Port, Primary Port on Opposite Side PULS Instrument Horn 5/8” Hex Head Cap Screw and Lock Washer Swivel Mounting Flange 5 6 7 6.
User Manual • Low maintenance—no moving parts significantly reduces maintenance cost and time • Low power consumption • Rugged enough for harsh environments—NEMA rated 4X • Individual FCC license not required Compatibility Dataloggers: CR200(X) series CR800 series CR1000 CR3000 CR5000 CR500 CR510 CR10(X) CR23X Measurement Range (see Figure 6-1) CS475: 50 mm to 20 m (2 in to 65 ft) CS476: 50 mm to 30 m (2 in to 98 ft) CS477: 400 mm to 70 m (16 in to 230 ft) Figure 6-1.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 6.1 Radar Unit Frequency: ~26 GHz Electromagnetic Compatibility: Emission to EN 61326; Electrical Equipment Class B Pulse Energy: 1 mW maximum Beam Angle CS475: CS476, CS477: 10° (3-in dia horn) 8° (4-in dia horn) Power Requirements Input Voltage: Surge Protection: 9.6 to 16 Vdc 1.5 KVA Typical Current Drain with 12 V Power Supply Sleeps: 4.7 mA Measurement: 14 mA 6.
User Manual 6.3 Physical See Figure 6-2 and Figure 6-3 for dimensions. Rating: NEMA 4x Housing Material: Aluminium, coated IP66/68 Horn Material: 316L stainless steel Weight CS475: CS476/CS477: 2 kg (4 lb) 4.3 kg (9.4 lb) 86 mm (3.4 in) 129 mm (5.1 in) 86 mm (3.4 in) 122 mm (4.8 in) 15 mm (0.6 in) 75 mm (3 in) 115 mm (4.5 in) Figure 6-2.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 86 mm (3.4 in) 86 mm (3.4 in) 585 mm (23 in) 430 mm (16.9 in) 95 mm (3.7 in) Figure 6-3.
User Manual 7. Installation Before installing the radar sensor, you must consider all the suggested guidelines for site and maintenance issues. Do not attempt to install the sensor unless you are qualified to perform the installation. The sensor is designed for safe operation in accordance with the current technical, safety, and ANSI standards. CAUTION 7.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 7.2 Sensor Alignment 7.2.1 Vertical Use a user-supplied bubble level or the #25619 bubble level to make certain the antenna horn is aligned within 1° of vertical. The cap needs to be removed when using the #25619. If the antenna is not vertical, a trigonometric measurement error can occur with respect to the water. The maximum range is reduced because of the off-axis return signal. 7.2.
User Manual Table 7-1. Wiring Diagram CR800, CR850, CR1000, CR3000, CR10(X), CR510, CR500 CR23X CR5000 CR200(X) Odd Numbered Control Port (C1, C3…) Odd Numbered Control Port (C1, C3…) Odd Numbered Control Port (C1, C3…) SDI-12 C1/SDI-12 12V 12V Battery+ G G Colour Description White SDI-12 Signal Clear Chassis Ground Red +12V (Power Supply for Sensor) 12V 12V Black Ground G G G 7.4.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor The values returned from the SDI12Recorder() instruction are different depending on the SDI-12 measurement command issued. The SDI12Recorder() instruction sends the command specified by the SDI12Command parameter as (address)SDI12Command!.
User Manual Minimum(1,Distance,FP2,0,0) Average(1,Distance,FP2,False) StdDev(1,Distance,FP2,False) Maximum(1,Stage,FP2,0,0) Minimum(1,Stage,FP2,0,0) Average(1,Stage,FP2,False) StdDev(1,Stage,FPs,False) Sample (1,Error_Code,UINT2) EndTable 'Read sensor every 60 seconds BeginProg Scan(60,sec,1,0) 'Code for SDI-12 measurements: SDI12Recorder(CS475,1,0,”M!”,1,0) 'Call the data table: CallTable(Hourly) NextScan EndProg 7.5.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 7.5.2.1 Example Program Below is a portion of a CR10X program that measures the radar sensor. NOTE The instructions below do not store data in final storage. Instruction 92, Instruction 77 and processing instructions such as Instruction 70 are required to store the data permanently.
User Manual 6. Send the Start Verification command followed by the Get Data command (see Section 8.1.4, Cyclic Redundancy Check). 7. Use the Get Unit command to ensure the units are what you want (see Section 8.1.5, Get Units). 8. Use the Get Water Condition command to ensure that the water condition fit the body of water you are monitoring (see Section 8.1.6, Get Water Conditions). 9. Use the Get Power Operation Mode to ensure that the power mode is what you want (see Section 8.1.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 8.1.2 Check Unit Response The Acknowledge Active command is used to check the presence of the sensor on the bus (see Table 8-2). Table 8-2. Acknowledge Active Command Initial Command Response a! a Only the address is sent back in response. 8.1.3 Check for Valid Data The aI! command gets the following identification information in response to sending aI! (see Table 8-3). • Compatibility level: Version of SDI-12 protocol version; for example, 1.
User Manual The verification values that will be returned are: • CRC check (error check)—values are 0 (OK) or 1 (failed) • SDI-12 Radar firmware version number • HART Sensor firmware version Table 8-4 shows an example of checking the CRC. Table 8-4. Checking CRC Example Initial Command Response 0V! 00013 Where 0 is the sensor’s address.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 8.2 Diagnostics and Repair The radar sensor is extremely reliable, but problems can occur during operation. Most of these problems are caused by the following: • Sensor • Environmental conditions • Power supply • Signal processing When you encounter a problem with the radar sensor, check the error messages from the aM!, followed by the aD0! command to help evaluate the issue. NOTES 1.
User Manual The electronics module is replaced by doing the following steps (see Figure 8-1 and Table 8-5): NOTE 1. Unscrew the housing cap (cap is not shown in Figure 8-1). 2. Remove all wires that are attached or plugged into the electronics and note their location for reassembly. 3. Loosen the two screws securing the electronics to the housing (3 in Figure 8-1). These screws are captive screws and will remain nested with the electronics. 4.
CS475, CS476, and CS477 Radar Water Level Sensor 2 3 3 1 4 5 Figure 8-1. Changing the electronics (see Table 8-5 for label descriptions) Table 8-5. Description of Changing the Electronics Labels Description 8.3 1 Red Wire 2 Housing Top View 3 Screws to Secure Electronics to Housing 4 Electronics 5 Housing Side View Maintenance The sensors are maintenance free under normal operation.
Appendix A. Replacing the Cable The sensor is fitted with a cable for connection to the datalogger. The following procedure is for replacing the original cable (see Figure A-1 and Table A-1). 1. Unscrew the housing side compartment screw cap. 2. Loosen the cord grip on the cable entry. 3. Remove approximately 10 cm (4 inches) of the cable mantle. 4. Strip approximately 1 cm (0.4 inches) of the insulation from the end of the individual wires. 5.
Appendix A. Replacing the Cable (A) 1 (B) 18 17 16 2 15 14 13 3 (C) (D) 4 7 6 12 5 8 9 11 10 Figure A-1. Connecting the instrument housing (see Table A-1 for description of labels) Table A-1.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/ Changing Settings The SDI-12 commands are entered using the #25616, Adjustment/Display Module, or the terminal emulator in LoggerNet or PC400. These commands are also used in CRBasic or Edlog programming (see Section 7.5, Programming). During normal communication, the datalogger sends the address, together with a command, to the sensor. The sensor then replies with a “response”. SDI-12 command codes used with the radar sensor are listed in Table B-1.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings Table B-1.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings microwave pulses. Any echo occurring 0.5 m (1.6 ft) short of the distance you entered will be considered noise. To start False Echo Learn, do the aXSFEL+nnn.nnn! command (where nnn.nnn = the actual distance to the water) followed by the aD0! (Send Data) command. Table 4-5 in Section 4, Quickstart, shows an example of the command and response. B.1.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings Table B-3. Example of Setting Address Initial Command Response 0A1! Where 0 is the original address and 1 is the new address. 1 The new address (1) is set in response. B.1.4 Set Units The distance measurement can be reported in feet (default) or metres. Change the units by first using the aXSU+n! command (where n = 1 (feet) or 0 (metres)) followed by the aXGU! (Get Units) command.
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings Conditions) command. Table B-5 shows an example of the command and response for changing this setting. Table B-5. Example for Setting Water Conditions Initial Command Response 0XSWC+2! 00011 Where, Where (from left to right), 0—sensor’s address; 0—sensor’s address; 2—the new water condition setting (2 = medium).
Appendix B. SDI-12 Commands/Changing Settings Table B-6. Example for Setting Power Operation Mode Initial Command Response 0XSPOM+2! 00011 Where, Where (from left to right), 0—sensor’s address; 0—sensor’s address; 2—the new power mode setting (2 = auto). 001—the amount of time (in seconds) that you must wait before sending another data command; 1—the number of values that will be placed in the buffer.
Appendix C. FCC/IC Equipment Authorization (USA/Canada only) The CS475, CS476, and CS477 are FCC compliant (FCC IC # M01PULS616263). Modifications to the sensors must have express agreement from Campbell Scientific. Any modifications not approved by Campbell Scientific will cause the expiration of the operating license issued by the FCC/IC. The radar sensor is in conformity with Part 15 of the FCC directives and fulfils the RSS-210 regulations.
Appendix C.
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