USER GUIDE CS125 Present Weather Sensor Issued: 3.6.14 Copyright © 2013-14 Campbell Scientific Ltd.
Guarantee This equipment is guaranteed against defects in materials and workmanship. This guarantee applies for twelve months from date of delivery. We will repair or replace products which prove to be defective during the guarantee period provided they are returned to us prepaid.
PLEASE READ FIRST About this manual Some useful conversion factors: Area: 1 in2 (square inch) = 645 mm2 Length: 1 in. (inch) = 25.4 mm 1 ft (foot) = 304.8 mm 1 yard = 0.914 m 1 mile = 1.609 km Mass: 1 oz. (ounce) = 28.35 g 1 lb (pound weight) = 0.454 kg Pressure: 1 psi (lb/in2) = 68.95 mb Volume: 1 UK pint = 568.3 ml 1 UK gallon = 4.546 litres 1 US gallon = 3.
Contents PDF viewers note: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the Adobe Acrobat® bookmarks tab for links to specific sections. 1. Introduction................................................................. 1 1.1 Version Information .................................................................................. 1 1.2 General Safety .......................................................................................... 2 1.3 Sensor Unit Safety ......................
12. Interface methods – Device Configuration Utility/Command Line/Menu ................................. 24 12.1 Configuring a PC for talking to the CS125 ........................................... 25 13. Definition of the variables that can be set by the user on the CS125 ......................................... 25 14. Command line mode .............................................. 27 14.1 The SET command ............................................................................... 28 14.1.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor 1. Introduction The CS125 is an infrared forward scatter present weather sensor for automatic weather stations including road, marine and airport based stations. The CS125 uses the well-established forward scatter system for visibility measurement, utilising a 42º scatter angle. The CS125 uses high speed sampling to reduce missed events such as rain and hail and improves response to other suddenly changing conditions.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor 1.2 General Safety This manual provides important safety considerations for the installation, operation and maintenance of the CS125. These safety considerations are classified into three levels: WARNING CAUTION NOTE Warnings alert the installer or user to serious hazards. Ignoring these warnings could result in injury or death and/or irrevocable damage to the sensor unit. Cautions warn of potential hazards.
User Guide 2. Technical specification Minimum Value Nominal Value 12 metres - 32,000 metres 39 feet - 104,985 feet Visibility accuracy up to 10,000m - +/-10% - Visibility accuracy up to 20,000m - +/-20% - Precipitation Sensitivity - 0.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor RS232 output voltage high (into 3K) RS485 Communications RS485 input threshold voltage RS485 output (Unloaded) 4.4V - - -0.2V - +0.2V - - 5V RS485 output (Load 50) Maximum voltage at any terminal(6) 2V - - -7V - +7V User alarm outputs User output high level (at 85ºC) 3.8V - - User output high level (at 25ºC ) 4.13V - - User output low (All temperatures) 0.25V - 0.
User Guide Supported formats RS232 (Full duplex only), default RS485 (Half duplex) 8 bit data bytes 1 stop bit Parity checking is not supported as most communication protocols used by the CS125 have built in checksums as well as checks that communications have been understood 5.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor NOTE The descriptions in this section are not exhaustive. Please refer to meteorological publications for further information on locating weather instruments The CS125 should be sited in a position representative of local weather conditions and not of a specific microclimate (unless the analysis of microclimate weather is being sought).
User Guide NOTE If operating a CS125 indoors it is likely that there will be sources of light and/or reflections that will create false readings and erratic results. NOTE If carrying out simple checks, blocking a lens or the sample volume will simulate an INCREASE in visibility not a decrease. 7.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor mounted away from the sensor head to avoid wind flow disturbance or rain drops bouncing back up into the sensor’s sensing volume. CAUTION Take care not to overtighten the nuts on the bolts, as it may be possible to distort and/or damage the brackets or DSP plate by doing so, and/or the nuts may seize up. Only tighten the nuts to a degree necessary to hold the CS125 firmly in place.
User Guide 7.3 Optional Campbell Scientific Mount A Campbell Scientific `optical sensor mount’, part number 009354, is available. This will put the sample volume at about 1.5 m in compliance with the WMO `Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation’, 7 th Edition, Section 9.3.4. If one is to be used, follow the installation instructions below. The mount should be installed on a concrete foundation.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Drill four 12 mm diameter holes using the mount base as a template or following the drawing below to a depth of 77 mm. Clean the holes of all debris. Place washers and nuts on the ends of the wedge anchors supplied (to protect the threads during installation). Hammer the wedge anchors into the holes until the start of the threads are below the surface. Tighten the nuts until about 25 mm of thread protrudes above the surface.
User Guide 8. CS125 internal connectors’ description The CS125 has three standard IP66 rated glands. The first gland is by default used by the power/communications line. This comprises the +12V/24V for the main electronics, and the serial communications wires. The CS125 is supplied with 5 m cable already connected. The second gland is used for the 24 V feeds for the hood heaters fitted with a 5 m cable. The third gland is spare.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Connector A Five way connector Pin number Description Pin 1 +12V Pin 2 0V Pin 3 Hood low Pin 4 Pin 5 0V Hood high Connector B Three way connector Pin number Description Pin 1 0V Pin 2 Receive Pin 3 Transmit Notes Main electronics 12V supply input (also supports 24V DC) Auxiliary Electronics 0V. Common with the main electronics 0V.
User Guide 8.1 CS125 recommended wiring using Campbell Scientific cables (this cable is supplied already connected as standard) The CS125 is provided pre-wired with a default 5 m power and communications cable which is terminated at one end with a 9 pin D-connector (DB9). The Dconnector can be connected directly to a PC or to a datalogger such as the Campbell Scientific CR1000 using a suitable interconnecting cable such as the SC110.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor 9. CS215 T/RH Sensor A CS215 temperature and RH sensor can be connected to the CS125. This is recommended as it will improve the performance of the CS125 in identifying precipitation and allows it to, for example, distinguish between mist and haze.
User Guide 10. Functions of the internal switches The CS125 is equipped with four switches located within the main enclosure. These switches perform certain functions at power up, their functions are detailed below. IMPORTANT The switches are only read during the power up sequence of the CS125.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Internal switch functions Switch number Function 4 Reserved for future use 3 When switched to the ON position this switch temporarily sets the CS125 communications port to a default RS232 communication state (38400 bps). This is useful during field tests or maintenance when the CS125 has been remotely configured for RS485 mode or a baud rate your PC does not support. This change is temporary and will not be stored to flash.
Checksum (CCITT) EXT Carriage return Line feed 0x03 0x0D 0x0A System alarms 10 characters User alarms XXXX 0 0 0 0 0… 00 Averaging duration Visibility units Visibility distance Message interval System status Sensor ID Message ID STX EXT 0x03 0x0A Line feed Carriage return Checksum (CCITT) XXXX 0x0D User alarms Visibility units Visibility distance Message interval System status Sensor ID Message ID STX 00 M or F 1 0x02 Line feed Carriage return 0x0D 0x0A EXT Checksum
18 Checksum (CCITT) EXT Carriage Return Line feed 0x03 0x0D 0x0A Relative humidity* Temperature (deg C) SYNOP Code Intensity (mm/h) XXXX 00-99 System alarms 12 characters 0 0 0 0 0… Particle count (minute) User alarms Averaging duration Visibility units Visibility distance Message interval System status Sensor ID Message ID STX 00 M or F 5 0x02 Checksum (CCITT) EXT Carriage return Line feed 0x03 0x0D 0x0A Relative humidity* Temperature (deg C) SYNOP Code 0x0A 0x0D Intensity (m
System alarms 12 characters 0 0 0 0 0… Carriage Return 0x0D Line feed EXT 0x03 0x0A Checksum (CCITT) XXXX Relative humidity* Temperature (deg C) METAR Code 0x0A 0x0D 0x03 Line feed Carriage return EXT Checksum (CCITT) Relative humidity* Temperature (deg C) METAR Code Intensity (mm/h) Particle count (minute) User alarms Visibility units Visibility distance Message interval System status Sensor ID Message ID STX SYNOP Code XXXX 00 M or F 7 0x02 SYNOP Code METAR Present
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Message ID break down Id Definition 0 Basic format. Contains only distance and system information 1 Partial format. Contains user alarm outputs 2 Full format.
User Guide User alarms ID 1 2 Range 0-1 0-1 Definition Visibility either less or greater than a user specified threshold Visibility either less or greater than a user specified threshold System alarms break down Alarm Range Severity (2) (1) Emitter failure 0-2 3 Emitter lens dirty 0-3 1 Emitter temperature 0-3 1 or 2 Detector lens dirty 0-3 1 Detector temperature 0-3 1 or 2 Detector DC saturation level 0-1 1 Hood temperature 0-3 1 or 2 External temperature 0-3 1 or 2 Signature erro
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Particle count Range 0-7200 Intensity value Range 0-100.0 SYNOP code Range See section 10.2 METAR code Range See section 10.3 Definition Value represented by an integer number of the current number of particle per minute.
User Guide 11.5 SYNOP Codes produced by the CS125 The following SYNOP codes from WMO table 4680 can be output by the CS125. 00 04 05 No significant weather observed Haze or smoke, or dust in suspension in the air, visibility equal to, or greater than, 1 km Haze or smoke, or dust in suspension in the air, visibility less than 1 km Note: Codes 04 and 05 will only be returned if a CS215 is present to provide relative humidity, otherwise they will default to mist (10) or fog (20, 30 or 35).
CS125 Present Weather Sensor 11.6 METAR Codes produced by the CS125 The following METAR codes from WMO table 4678 can be output by the CS125. UP HZ BR FG DZ RA SN SG PL Unidentified precipitation Haze Mist Fog Drizzle Rain Snow Snow grains Ice pellets Notes: HZ will only be reported if a CS215 is connected to allow relative humidity information to be available.
User Guide 12.1 Configuring a PC for talking to the CS125 Described below is the procedure for setting up communications using a terminal emulator program. The terminal emulators built into many Campbell Scientific software products can also be used.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor 26 ID Name Range Description 1 Sensor ID 0-9 2 User Alarm 1 Enabled 0-1 3 User Alarm 1 Active 0-1 4 User alarm 1 Distance 060000 5 User Alarm 2 Enabled 0-1 6 User Alarm 2 Active 0-1 7 User alarm 2 Distance 060000 8 Baud rate 0-6 9 Serial Number 10 Visibility Unit 032000 M or F 11 Message Interval 1-3600 12 Measurement mode 0-1 13 Message Format 0-8 Separate ID used as an extra identifier for a particular CS125 on a network.
User Guide 14 Serial port protocol 0-1 15 Averaging period 1 or 10 16 Sample timing 1-60 17 Dew heater override 0-1 18 Hood heater override(1) 0-1 19 Dirty window compensation 0-1 20 Use CRC 0-1 21 Sensor power down 7-30 voltage 22 Relative humidity threshold 1-99 Selects the physical serial interface 0 = RS232 mode 1 = RS485 mode The period of time that the visibility value should be averaged over. Either one minute or ten.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor 14.1 The SET command The set command is used to configure the CS125 via the command line. The SET command is a single space delimited string that can be sent from any data logger or PC equipped with an RS232 or RS485 port. The SET command and the ‘Device Configuration Utility’ software access identical settings within the CS125, please refer to the ‘Device Configuration Utility’ section of this document for a more detailed breakdown of the setting available here.
User Guide 14.1.1 Example of a SET Command SET:0:0 1 1 1000 1 0 15000 2 0 M 60 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 :68A3: 14.2 The SETNC Command The format of the SETNC command is nearly exactly the same as the SET command. The only functional difference is that the SETNC command does not commit the values set into flash memory. This means that the next time the CS125 is power cycled it will revert back to its previous settings. This command should be used when a setting in the sensor is changed regularly, e.g.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Example data returned by the GET command – See Section 12 for more information on values returned by the `GET’ command GET returned data Example Description 0x02(1) : XXXX : 0x04(1) 0x0D(1) 0x0A STX Sensor ID User Alarm 1 Set User Alarm 1 Active User Alarm 1 Distance User Alarm 2 Set User Alarm 2 Active User Alarm 2 Distance Serial Baud Rate Sensor serial number (read only) Visibility Units Message interval Polling Or Continuous modes Message Format (Basic/Partial/Full) RS232
User Guide User Alarm 2 distance = 10000 metres Serial baud rate 2 (=38400Bd) Serial number = 1009 Visibility Units = M Continuous mode output interval = 30 seconds Polling mode = 0 (continuous mode) Message format = 2 (full message) RS232 or RS485 serial communications = 1 ( RS485) Averaging period = 1 minute Sample timing = 1 sample per second Dew heater override = 0 (CS125 will automatically control the dew heaters) Hood heater override = 0 (CS125 will automatically control the hood heaters) Dirty windo
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Example of a POLL request POLL:0:0:XXXX: NOTE The maximum response time to a poll command is 100 ms. If the setting to check the checksum on received commands is enabled the checksum varies with the Sensor ID value. 15. Entering the CS125 menu system The user can enter the menu system by typing ‘open id’ into their terminal program then pressing the return key on their keyboard. The id corresponds to the sensor ID number. The Sensor ID number can be in the range of 0 to 9.
User Guide Menu 1: The message output menu CS125 MESSAGE - MENU 1 ID 0 S/N 1009 (1) Toggle message format:FULL (2) Toggle units:METRES (3) Toggle polled or continuous mode:CONTINUOUS (4) Set continuous mode output interval:6 second(s) (5) Toggle output averaging period: 1 minute(s) (6) Sampling interval:1 second(s) (9) Refresh (0) Return to main menu -> For example, typing `2’ will toggle the units through the options `METRES’ and `FEET’ and typing `4’ will allow the message interval to be entered.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Consult the ‘calibration’ section of this manual for information on how to calibrate the CS125 present weather sensor. NOTE Once a calibration is finished changes are immediate, but factory calibrations can be restored if needed using Option `(2)’ in the calibration menu. The disk constants however remain as the last disk used. Option (4) gives the systems information menu containing useful information such as temperature and system alarms.
User Guide The sensor power down voltage shown before the supply voltage is only available if the sensor is running firmware version 4 or later and only functional for sensors with serial number greater than E1029. Menu 5: The communication menu CS125 COMMUNICATIONS - MENU 5 ID 0 S/N 1009 (1) Set sensor ID (2) Set RS232/RS485 baud rate:38400 (3) Toggle RS232/RS485 modes:RS232 (9) Refresh (0) Return to main menu -> The communications menu is used to set baud rates and the mode of operation (RS232/RS485).
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Menu 9 and 0: Exiting the menu system Options `9’ and `0’ exit from the menu system. Note that typing `0’ will lose all changes made including communications settings. CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC LTD CS125 menu exited. 16. Calibrating the CS125 The CS125 can be checked and adjusted using the optional CS125 calibrator part number 010816. The calibration must be run using the onboard menu system.
User Guide Do you want to perform a calibration Y/N? Once you have started the tests you will be asked for the CS125 calibrator serial number and coefficient with a confirmation at each step giving you the chance to correct typing mistakes. NOTE When asked for confirmation you do not need to press return after you type ‘y’. Starting calibration.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Starting dark level calibration. This test will take approximately two minutes This part of the test will take approximately two minutes. Every ten seconds a dot should appear indicating that the test is progressing as normal. Dark level test complete. Please remove the bungs. Now place the CS125 calibrator into the sampling volume. Press any key once this is done. Remove the bungs once the sensor instructs you to.
User Guide Starting light level calibration. This test will take approximately two minutes. This part of the test will take approximately two minutes. Every ten seconds a dot should appear indicating that the test is progressing as normal. Calibration is now complete. Saving user settings Press any key to exit. Once the second stage of the test has been completed the new calibration constants will be saved automatically.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor 18. Cleaning The CS125 present weather sensor is a robust instrument that will provide years of uninterrupted weather monitoring. Calibration of the instrument is carried out at the factory and can be redone easily on site with the optional CS125 calibrator or carried out by Campbell Scientific if required. Only general cleaning of the lenses is required to keep the sensor working efficiently.
User Guide 19. Lubricating the enclosure screws The CS125 enclosure screws should be lubricated with a suitable anti-seize grease (often copper loaded) to protect the threads from corrosion. This should be reapplied when resealing the enclosure at regular intervals, normally after replacing the desiccant. This is of particular importance if using the sensor in corrosive or salt laden atmospheres. 20. Desiccant Two bags of desiccant are supplied.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor 5. 42 After the bags of desiccant have been allowed to cool in an airtight desiccator, they may be removed and placed in either an appropriate type polyliner tightly sealed to prevent moisture adsorption, or a container that prevents moisture from coming into contact with the regenerated desiccant. Some care should be taken when re-activating desiccant bags. If heated in an oven which is too hot, the bags may burst.
Appendix A.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor A-2
Appendix B. Example C code of the CCITT CRC The code below is provided as an example for programmers implementing their own code to communicate with the sensor. Users using Campbell loggers can use the Checksum command in CRBasic to generate a CCITT checksum. Command: Checksum/ChkSumString,1,0). The checksum includes all characters excluding the SOT, EOT and the checksum itself. The SET and SETNC commands also exclude the two delimiting `:’ characters, one on each side of the checksum itself.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor B-2
Appendix C. Example CRBasic programs C.1 CRBasic read program 'CR800 'Demonstration program to read data from a CS125 set to continuous output 'with the full SYNOP (default) message being transmitted 'Note: The CS125 emits this message every minute by default.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor SerialInRecord(CS125_Comport,InString,&h02,0,&h03,NBytesReturned,01) 'Check that a message has been recieved first If NBytesReturned > 0 Then 'Split out the Data into strings SplitStr (SerialIndest(),InString," ",27,5) 'Check the received checksum is valid 'Calculate the expected checksum lngCRCCalc = CheckSum(InString,1,NBytesReturned-5) 'Extract the checksum from the message & convert it for comparison lngCRCMsg = HexToDec(checksumrx) ChecksumOK = ( lngCRCMsg = lngCRCCalc) 'I
Appendix C. Example CRBasic programs C.2 CRBasic POLL program 'CR800 'Demonstration program to read data from a CS125 set to polled output 'with the full SYNOP (default) message being transmitted 'Note: the sensor needs to be configured to behave like this, it is not setup by this program.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor 'Const CS125_Poll = CHR(2)&"POLL:8:0:939A:"&CHR(3)&CHR(13) 'address 8 'Const CS125_Poll = CHR(2)&"POLL:9:0:A4AA:"&CHR(3)&CHR(13) 'address 9 'Main Program BeginProg 'Open the logger serial port to which the CS125 is connected SerialOpen (CS125_Comport,38400,3,0,1000) Scan(10,Sec,1,0) 'The sensor is polled every 10 seconds SerialOut(CS125_Comport,CS125_Poll,"",0,100) SerialInRecord(CS125_Comport,InString,&h02,0,&h03,NBytesReturned,01) 'Check that a message has been recieved first
Appendix C. Example CRBasic programs C.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor CheckVal = CheckSum (TempStringFunc,1,0) ' Use the CCITT CRC16 checksum ' Create final string going out to CS125 including start characters and end characters CS125CommandString = CHR(2) + TempStringFunc + ":" + FormatLong (CheckVal,"%04X") + ":" + CHR(3) + CHR(13) + CHR(10) 'CS125CommandString = CHR(2) + TempStringFunc + CHR(3) + CHR(13) + CHR(10) ' Use this line if no checksum is desired Return(CS125CommandString) EndFunction '-------------------------------------------------
Appendix C. Example CRBasic programs C.4 Example CRBasic SETNC Command '------------------------------------------------------------------------------' CS125 Visibility ' ' Program to test the SETNC command part of the command line interface on the CS125 ' This command does not commit the settings to flash so settings will be lost if ' the sensor is power cycled ' This example uses a CS215 temperature and humidity probe to determine dew point.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor Dim CS125CommandString As String * 100 Dim i As Long Dim CheckVal As Long ' Create a string containing the values going out to the CS125 TempStringFunc = "SETNC:0:" For i = 1 To 21 TempStringFunc = TempStringFunc + CS125CArray(i) + " " Next ' Create a check sum of the values going out CheckVal = CheckSum (TempStringFunc,1,0) ' Use the CCITT CRC16 checksum ' Create final string going out to CS125 including start characters and end characters CS125CommandString = CHR(2) + TempStr
Appendix C.
CS125 Present Weather Sensor C.
Appendix C.
CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC COMPANIES Campbell Scientific, Inc. (CSI) 815 West 1800 North Logan, Utah 84321 UNITED STATES www.campbellsci.com info@campbellsci.com Campbell Scientific Africa Pty. Ltd. (CSAf) PO Box 2450 Somerset West 7129 SOUTH AFRICA www.csafrica.co.za sales@csafrica.co.za Campbell Scientific Australia Pty. Ltd. (CSA) PO Box 8108 Garbutt Post Shop QLD 4814 AUSTRALIA www.campbellsci.com.au info@campbellsci.com.au Campbell Scientific do Brazil Ltda. (CSB) Rua Apinagés, nbr.
