Brochure

Operating principle
Hydraulic separation
When a single system contains a primary production circuit, with its
own pump, and a secondary user circuit, with one or more
distribution pumps, operating conditions may arise in the system
whereby the pumps interact, creating abnormal variations in circuit
flow rates and pressures. The hydraulic separator creates a zone
with a low pressure loss, which enables the primary and secondary
circuits connected to it to be hydraulically independent of each
other; the flow in one circuit does not affect flow in the other.
In this case, the flow rate in the respective circuits depends
exclusively on the flow rate characteristics of the circuit pumps,
preventing reciprocal influence caused by connection in series.
Therefore, using a device with these characteristics means that the
flow in the secondary circuit only circulates when the relevant pump
is on, permitting the system to meet the specific load requirements
at that time.
When the secondary pump is off, there is no circulation in the
secondary circuit; the whole flow rate produced by the primary
pump is by-passed through the separator.
With the hydraulic
separator, it is therefore possible to have a primary production circuit
with a constant flow rate and a secondary distribution circuit with a
variable flow rate; these operating conditions are typical of modern
heating and cooling systems.
Three possible hydraulic balance situations are shown below.
Gprimary = Gsecondary
Primary Secondary
Gp Gs
Gp Gs
primary secondary
Gprimary > Gsecondary
Primary Secondary
Gp Gs
Gprimary < Gsecondary
Primary Secondary
Gp Gs
Microbubble air separation
The HYDROCAL's internal
element (1) creates the whirling
movement required to facilitate
the release of microbubbles and
their adhesion to the internal
element surfaces.
The bubbles, fusing with each
other, increase in size until the
hydrostatic thrust overcomes the
adhesion force to the mesh. They
rise towards the top of the unit
from which they are released
through a float-operated
automatic air vent.
Microparticle dirt separation
Impurities in the fluid upon
striking the surfaces of the
HYDROCAL's internal element
(1), get separated and drop to
the bottom of the body (2) where
they collect.
In addition, the large internal
volume of HYDROCAL slows
down the flow speed of the fluid
thus helping, by gravity, to
separate the particles it
contains.
The collected impurities are
discharged, by opening the
drain cock (3) with the handle
(4), even with the system
operating.
2
3
4
1