HiPR-900 E Dataradio HiPR-900® Wireless Radio Modem 242-5099-100 HiPR-900 E 242-5099-110 HiPR-900 S User Manual 001-5099-000 September 2007
What's New in this version History Version 5 September 2007 • Updated HiPR picture • Updated company information Version 4 July 2007 • Applies to HiPR-900 FHSS 900 PROD V2.8_Rxxx • Added Feature Key Capability • Added Section 6.7.6.6: Feature Options • Added Figure 6 • Updated Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 21, Figure 29, and Figure 30 • Added Appendix 1 • Updated Section 6.7.
Version 2 November 2006 • Added UL Class I Div 2 information • Removed FTP Client, Section 4 • Added Package Control, Section 4.8.7. • Stop test value was 60 seconds, changed to 20 seconds, Section 4.8.8. • Updated screen shots • Added Firmware Upgrading, Section 5.6 • Added NAT Overview, Section 4.8.3.3.1 • Added IP Broadcast/Multicast Overview, Section 4.8.3.4.
Table of Contents 1. PRODUCT OVERVIEW ....................................................................................... 1 1.1 INTENDED AUDIENCE ........................................................................................ 1 1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................... 1 1.2.1 Characteristics.......................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 Configuration ........................
6.3 IP NETWORK SETTINGS ................................................................................... 19 6.3.1 Factory Settings in Bridge Mode ................................................................ 19 6.3.2 IP Network Settings in Bridge Mode ........................................................... 19 6.3.3 IP Network Settings in Router Mode (with Host) .......................................... 20 6.3.4 IP Network Settings in Router Mode (with Router) .....................................
.7.7.2 Neighbor Table ................................................................................. 74 6.7.7.3 Neighbor Management (Advanced) ...................................................... 76 6.7.8 Site Map and Help ................................................................................... 77 7. OPTIMIZATION & TROUBLESHOOTING .......................................................... 78 7.1 BUILT-IN SPECTRUM ANALYZER ....................................................................
FIGURE 29 - UNIT STATUS ........................................................................................... FIGURE 30 - SETUP (BASIC) GENERAL -FULL-FEATURED HIPR-900 (LEFT), HIPR-900S (RIGHT)........ FIGURE 31 - BRIDGE MODE: SAMPLE SETUP WITH ONE COVERAGE AREA ....................................... FIGURE 32 - SETUP (BASIC) – BASIC IP CONFIGURATION ....................................................... FIGURE 33 - SETUP (BASIC) – RF SETUP ...........................................................
FIGURE 82 - NEIGHBOR TABLE ....................................................................................... FIGURE 83 - NEIGHBOR MANAGEMENT .............................................................................. FIGURE 84 - SITE MAP LINK AND HELP ICON ...................................................................... FIGURE 85 - IDEAL SPECTRUM SAMPLE ............................................................................. FIGURE 86 - REPRESENTATIVE MULTI-PATH CITY SPECTRUM EXAMPLE ...
About CalAmp CalAmp DataCom’s Industrial Monitoring and Controls Division offers reliable, costeffective communications solutions for all your needs. Whether your requirement is utility meters, equipment and remote site monitoring, alarm notification or other automated application, our modems provide reliable wireless connectivity. We work very closely with you and provide the support you need to integrate our modems into your solutions in a timely, cost-effective manner.
Definitions Item Definition Access Point Communication hub for users to connect to a LAN. Access Points are important for providing heightened wireless security and for extending the physical range of service a wireless user has access to. ACT LED Ethernet data activity. AES Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Airlink Physical radio frequency connections used for communications between units. ARP Address Resolution Protocol – Maps Internet address to physical address.
FHSS Firewall Firmware Fragmentation FTP Gateway HDX HiPR-900™ HiPR-900S HTTP IPCONFIG LNK LED MAC MIB Midspan PSE MTU NAT Network Network speed Node OIP OTA Parallel Decode Frequency Hop Spread Spectrum: a modulations technique which spreads data across the entire transmission spectrum by transmitting successive data on different channels ("hopping"). A set of related programs located at a network gateway server that protects the resources of a network from users from other networks.
PHY A PHY chip (called PHYceiver) provides interface to the Ethernet transmission medium. Its purpose is digital access of the modulated link (usually used together with an MII-chip). The PHY defines data rates and transmission method parameters. Ping Packet Internet Groper - An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online. PLC Programmable Logic Controller. A user-provided intelligent device that can make decisions, gather and report information, and control other devices.
TCP/IP TDD TDD Segment TDMA Telnet TFTP Topology Transparent Terminal Server Tx/Rx LED UDP Upgrade URL VPN WINIPCFG WLAN Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol - A set of protocols to communicate over a network. Time Division Duplex - Allows (virtually) simultaneous transmission in both directions. The uplink and downlink transmissions use the same frequency, but are allocated different time slots.
1. Product Overview This document provides information required for the operation and verification of the DATARADIO® HiPR-900® Spread Spectrum wireless modem. 1.1 Intended Audience This manual is intended for system designers, professional installers, and maintenance technicians. 1.2 General Description CalAmp’s Dataradio HiPR-900 FHSS modem with patented Parallel Decode® is a Frequency-Hopping Spread-Spectrum wireless radio modem that operates in the license-free 902-928 MHz band.
The HiPR-900 wireless modem consists of a logic PCB that includes modem circuitry and a radio module installed in a cast aluminum case. The HiPR-900 wireless modem “hops” from channel to channel several times per second using a “hop” pattern defined by the unit user-configured as Master1. Spread-spectrum users can share the frequency band with other microwave radio users without one group interfering with the other.
1.2.3 Accessories and Options Table 1 lists various accessory items available for the HiPR-900 Wireless Modem. Table 1 - Accessories Accessory Dataradio Part Number POE Power Injector 250-5099-001 HiPR-900 DIN-rail Mounting Kit 250-5099-005 8.5 dBi Yagi Antenna Kit 250-5099-011 12.1 dBi Yagi Antenna Kit 250-5099-021 5.1 Omni Antenna Kit 250-5099-031 Antenna kits Stand-alone Antennas 8.5 dBi Yagi Antenna 250-5099-010 12.1 dBi Yagi Antenna 250-5099-020 5.
1.4.1 RMA REQUEST Contact Customer Service: 299 Johnson Ave., Ste 110, Waseca, MN 56093 Tel 1.507.833.8819 Email rma@dataradio.com BE SURE TO HAVE THE EQUIPMENT MODEL AND SERIAL NUMBER, AND BILLING AND SHIPPING ADDRESSES ON HAND WHEN CALLING. You may also request an RMA online at www.dataradio.com/rma. When returning a product, mark the RMA clearly on the outside of the package. Include a complete description of the problem, as well as the name and telephone number of a contact person.
2. Installation 2.1 UL Approved for Class I, Division 2 or Zone 2 The HiPR-900 is suitable for use in Class I, Division 2, Groups A, B, A, D or non-hazardous locations. To meet UL compliance, the HiPR-900 must be installed in an enclosure and power must be supplied by a SELV (Safety Extra Low Voltage), non-energy hazardous source. This device may be powered via Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) when it remains internal to the building and/or via the terminal block (+) connection.
FCC/IC Rule: The output power is not to exceed 1.0 watt (30 dBm) and the EIRP not to exceed 6 dBi gain (+36dBm). A sample calculation is provided below. Referring to Figure 2: Sample Calculation: Yagi Antenna: 8.5 dBi, which exceeds 6 dBi gain by 2.5 dB Cable Loss: 1.5 dB HiPR-900 output initially set to 30 dBm (1 watt). (Initial output level) dBm - (excess antenna gain) dB + (cable loss) dB = (new power setting) dBm Therefore, the sample calculation becomes: 30dBm – 2.5 dB + 1.
≥5/8λ 900MHz: 8”/21cm 37cm 14.58in. R T Figure 3 - Antenna Spacing 2.2.4 RF Path and communications range The range of the HiPR-900 is dependent on terrain, RF (radio frequency) path obstacles, and antenna system design. To assure reliable communications, a competent professional should study the RF path to determine what antennas are required and whether or not a repeater is needed. NOTE: Any full-featured HiPR-900 unit can be a repeater. 2.2.
3. Physical Description Figure 4 - Full-Featured HiPR-900 Front Panel (left); HiPR-900S Front Panel (right) Only the front panel has connections and indicators. They are: • One standard RJ-45 auto-sensing 10/100 UTP Ethernet connection with Auto-MDIX. Supports direct connection to both Terminal Devices and Ethernet hubs or switches without resorting to crossover cables. LED indicators make it simple to verify that Ethernet cables and connections are good. • Two DE-9F RS232 ports.
3.1 LEDS HiPR-900 has five dual-color LED indicators. Their functions are shown in Table 3.
3.2.
4. Browser-Based Interface A built-in web server makes configuration and status monitoring possible from any browser-equipped computer, either locally or remotely. Status, configuration, and online help are available without requiring special client software. Setup is password-protected to avoid tampering or unauthorized changes. Both the configuration parameters and operating firmware can be updated remotely, even over the RF network itself, using the standard File Transfer Protocol (FTP).
5. Network Applications HiPR-900 is suited to a variety of point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and complex topology applications. This section gives an overview of some common configurations. 5.1 Operating Modes Any HiPR-900 unit can be configured to operate in master, remote, or repeater mode. Note: master and repeater operating modes are exclusive to the full-featured HiPR-900 version. Within a HiPR network, one unit has to be configured as a master that the remotes synchronize to.
NOTE: IP Forwarding mode must be the same on all units in a given network. Figure 6 illustrates an example of a network where a master is a full-featured version of the HiPR-900 unit and remotes are HiPR-900S units. Such network is functional in bridge mode only. Figure 6- Network Application Example 5.3 Connections The connections required are shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 below and on the next page.
sion) allows for the use of the Parallel decode technology, increasing receive capability by having a higher gain receive antenna separate from the rule-limited transmit antenna. PoE allows for powering the HiPR-900 via the Ethernet port. A PoE power injector is required (DRL part number 250-5099-001). The switch or hub allows for a local Ethernet connection by the user’s PC for the purpose of set-up, troubleshooting and diagnostics and avoids the need to disconnect Ethernet RTU or PLC.
5.5 Network Topology 5.5.1 One Coverage Area Shown below are typical point-to-point and point- to-multipoint connections between HiPR-900 units. See Figure 9 and Figure 10. In a network topology with only a single coverage area (all units can talk to one another directly), one unit is chosen to be configured as a master and the rest are configured as remotes. The connections indicated allow for either Ethernet or serial interfaces.
5.5.2 Extending the coverage area When units are spread over two RF coverage areas, the user needs to identify the one that will form the backbone between the coverage areas so that any unit can talk to any other one regardless of their locations. Identifying the backbone of the network should be done even before selecting IP Forwarding modes (Router/Bridge). Configuring the units to function in two coverage areas is a multi-step procedure.
The network may be further expanded (example Figure 13) to allow for additional remote units. Remote #2 Remote #4 Remote #3 Master Repeater Relay Point Remote #1 Remote #5 Figure 13 - Expanded Network Notes: Repeater unit extends Master sync and unicast data Relay Point unit extends broadcast data Master unit can be located anywhere in the network ООО "ДатаРадио" - официальный представитель в Роcсии +7 (495) 220-95-14 info@dataradio.ru www.dataradio.
6. Operation & Configuration Instructions and examples given in this manual are based on HiPR-900 operating software version at the time of writing this document and may not apply to earlier or later software versions. Screen captures used throughout this document may vary from actual screens. 6.1 LAN Setup Check that DC power is applied to the HiPR-900 radio modem (PoE or PWR input). On a PC running MS-Windows with an existing LAN connection, connect to the RJ-45 input of the HiPR-900.
Notes: RF Interface IP settings are irrelevant in bridge mode. XX:YY:ZZ refer to lower three bytes of Ethernet MAC address 6.3 IP Network Settings For Advanced IP Settings, web interface screen captures, and descriptions, see section 6.7. 6.3.1 Factory Settings in Bridge Mode Referring to Figure 14, set one of the HiPR-900 as a Master for a basic Bridge network. In the illustration, Host and RTU are part of the same IP subnet and IP addresses of HiPR-900 units are irrelevant in Bridge mode setup.
6.3.3 IP Network Settings in Router Mode (with Host) (Exclusive to the full-featured HiPR-900 version) Referring to Figure 16, set one of the HiPR-900 as a Master. Set the Router mode on the Master and Remote. Set the Eth1 IP addresses and IP netmask of both Master and Remote. Keep the RF IP setting as is if not using the 10.0.0.0 IP network on your Intranet. Enable the Dynamic Registration on both Master and Remote.
6.3.4 IP Network Settings in Router Mode (with Router) (Exclusive to the full-featured HiPR-900 version) Referring to Figure 17, set one of the HiPR-900 as a Master. Set the Router mode on all units. Set the Eth1 IP addresses and IP netmask of both Master and Remote. Keep the RF IP setting as is if not using the 10.0.0.0 IP network on your Intranet. Enable the Dynamic Registration on both Master and Remote.
In Bridge mode, the IP settings of the RF interface are not needed. All Ethernet IP interfaces of all units must be part of the same IP network (if access to the units is required). HiPR -900 Master Eth1 IP: 172.30.1.2 MASK: 255.255.255.0 HiPR -900 Repeater RF IP: unused RF Mask: unused Eth1 IP: 172.30.1.3 MASK: 255.255.255.0 RF IP: unused RF Mask: unused Host IP: 172.30.1.1 HiPR -900 Remote RF IP: unused RF Mask: unused Eth1 IP: 172.30.1.4 MASK: 255.255.255.0 RTU IP: 172.30.1.10 MASK: 255.255.
6.4 Login Screen On your Internet browser address line, type the factory-default IP address given to all HiPR-900 radio modem units: 192.168.204.1. Press Enter. The Enter Network Password screen opens. 192.168.204.1 Figure 20 - Enter Network Password screen (appearance may vary with browser used) 6.4.1 Initial Installation Login For an initial installation, enter a User Name of 1 to 15 characters and the default Password ADMINISTRATOR (upper case letters). Click OK.
When making an entry into a dialog box, click on Apply when satisfied to temporarily apply the value(s) entered to the relevant parameter(s). If not satisfied, click on Cancel button to restore to the value(s) present before a change was made. Note: Cancel command only affects the dialog boxes or radio buttons in the opened window Figure 21 - Web User Interface – Welcome Screen Figure 22 - Attention sub-window If needed, go to other Submenu(s) and make more entries.
6.6 Setup Wizard (Bridge Mode) Four pages of the quick setup wizard have buttons to “Apply your changes” or to “Cancel your changes” during the setup process. Once all five pages are done, use the “Save Config” and the “Reset Unit” buttons to make parameter settings permanent. If a change is made to any parameter marked: Unit” in order for the change to take effect. you will need to do a “Save Config” and a “Reset 6.6.1 Procedure 1.
4. On step three (Figure 25) of the Setup Wizard, read the on-screen instructions. Once the Encryption Pass Phrase is entered, note the Encryption Key. Click Apply Your Changes. Wait for the Progress bar activity to stop (right side of the Status bar). Click on Proceed to Next Step. If no change is made to the Encryption dialog box, click on Proceed to Next Step. Important: Be sure to record your encryption pass phrase for future reference. Figure 25 - Setup Wizard - Step Three 5.
6. On step five of the Setup Wizard, read the on-screen instructions (Figure 27). Click one of the “Save Config” buttons. Wait for the Progress bar activity to stop. The status reports “Success”. Click on “Reset Unit” button. Wait for the Progress bar activity to stop. A “Station Reset” 20-second timer counts down while the status reports “Working…”.When done, the status reports “Ready”. Note: The Setup Wizard configurations are for Bridge mode only.
6.7 Basic and Advanced Parameter Settings 6.7.1 Unit Status 6.7.1.1 Unit Status Figure 29 - Unit Status Item Description Displays HiPR-900 software revision information retrieved from the connected unit. Have this information handy if contacting Dataradio support.
Item(cont’d) Description Sync Status For remote and repeater units - Displays unit sync status in relation to Master Temperature Displays unit’s internal temperature Power Source Indicates voltage input used: “Power over Ethernet “or “DC input” Summary report of hardware error checking at Power ON self-test. Works in conjunction with the front panel Power LED (flashing red). Displayed sentence always starts with “HW failure…”.
Item Description Station Name Station name identifier – Enter string up to forty characters in length Factory default ID is zero. Dataradio recommends, for security reasons, changing it to some other value unique to each HiPR-900 network thus preventing collision.
Table 6 - IP Forwarding Modes Router Mode Bridge Mode (Exclusive to the full-featured HiPR-900 version) Does not block any broadcast or multicast traffic Blocks and provides protection against broadcast storms Transparent bridge ; both IP and Non-IP protocols are supported Only IP protocol is supported Neighbor Management cannot be enabled Neighbor Management can be enabled Multiple coverage areas are supported Multiple coverage areas are supported Access Point (Default Gateway) cannot be enable
6.7.2.2 Basic IP Configuration Figure 32 - Setup (Basic) – Basic IP Configuration Item Use fixed IP settings Use DHCP Client Description Enables the top three IP dialog boxes and disables the lower three. You may need to ask your network administrator for the appropriate IP settings. See section 6.3 for further details. To activate, select the “DHCP Client” radio button, click on the “Apply” button, click on the “Save Config” button and reboot the Host PC.
6.7.2.3 RF Setup Figure 33 - Setup (Basic) – RF Setup Item Power Level Airlink speed Description Set power level between 20.0 dBm and 30.0 dBm (0.1 and 1.0 watt) Default is 30.0 dBm 256kBits/S, 512kBit/S (Default) - Sets the maximum speed the HiPR-900 will use for data packet transmissions. Slower speed preferred for longer range. ООО "ДатаРадио" - официальный представитель в Роcсии +7 (495) 220-95-14 info@dataradio.ru www.dataradio.
6.7.2.4 Serial Ports Setup Figure 34 - Setup (Basic) –Serial Port Setup ООО "ДатаРадио" - официальный представитель в Роcсии +7 (495) 220-95-14 info@dataradio.ru www.dataradio.
Item Enabled Speed Data Bits Description Independent check boxes to activate SETUP PORT and/or DATA/COM PORT Select 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 Baud Rate Default is 115200 for SETUP port and 9600 for COM port Number of bits making up the data word. Set according to Host configuration. Default is 8. Stop Bits Mark the end of the serial port data type. Default is 1. Parity Added to identify the sum of bits as odd or even. Default is None.
6.7.2.5 Diagnostics Figure 35 - Diagnostics – Thinning value Item Thinning Value Description Number of packets before a packet delivers a diagnostic message. Default is 25. Using value of 1 may flood a network as each diagnostic message may also send a diagnostic message. For further Diagnostics details, see paragraph 6.7.2.5.1 ООО "ДатаРадио" - официальный представитель в Роcсии +7 (495) 220-95-14 info@dataradio.ru www.dataradio.
6.7.2.5.1 Diagnostic Connections HiPR-900 units continually monitor and report on their environmental and operating conditions. The diagnostic information is in TCP format and is available via any telnet session to port 6272. Transmission of online diagnostics may be enabled or disabled at any station or stations without affecting their ability to communicate with other stations. Diagnostics can be sent anywhere, including being back hauled.
♦ Flags: Hexadecimal without a leading “0x) 0 = DC input 1 = PoE input 2 = 5 °C from “Overtemp” alarm (for DC input)1 3 = 5 °C from “Overtemp” alarm (for PoE input)1 ♦ Volts: Decimal indications in decivolts when source is DC input (125 for 12.
6.7.2.5.1.1.2 Type 4 outputs contain the following fields: ♦ Source MAC Address (Bridge mode): Hex numbers format [00:01:02:03] or Source IP Address (Router mode): Dotted decimal format [111.222.333.444] ♦ Type of report: Decimal number (4) that identifies the report as a “type 4”.
Table 8 - Decoding Sample Output for Router Mode Field # Type 3 Output Field Name Sample Output 1 Source IP address 2 Report Type 3 Number of Fields to Follow 4 Number of data packets before a diagnostic message is delivered 5 Flags 6 Voltage Level 7 Internal Temperature 8 PER Sample Output Decoded [192.168.36.204] Unit’s IP address is 192.168.36.204 3 3 5 5 1/10 packets received will generate a diagnostic message 10 0 DC input 103 10.3 V 42 42°C -53 10 [192.168.36.
6.7.3 Setup (Advanced) 6.7.3.1 LAN (IP) Figure 37 - Advanced IP Configuration - LAN (IP) Item Description MTU Ethernet Interface MTU - Default 1500 bytes. - Entering a value lower than 1500 may reduce system performance. Range is 576 to 1500. MAC address Ethernet Interface MAC address in HEX format (factory-set). Default IP Gateway Control Disabled (Default), Enabled – Selects the unit that serves as the gateway between the HiPR-900 units network and the outside network (management network).
6.7.3.2 RF (IP) Figure 38 - Advanced IP Configuration - RF (IP) Item RF MAC Description Unit’s RF MAC address Displays factory-assigned address: nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn “Factory” RF IP Address Entering 0.0.0.0 sets the RF IP Address to the factory default and highlights the “Factory” name (active address) Entering nnn.nnn.nnn.
6.7.3.3 IP Services Setup Figure 39 - Advanced IP Configuration – IP Services Setup Item Server Description DHCP Server Disabled, Enabled (Default). The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol provides a framework for passing configuration information E.g.: IP address to Hosts (i.e. PC/RTU) on a TCP/IP network. Gateway IP addresses of the gateway assigned by the DHCP server. In router mode, the default (preset) gateway is the IP address of the unit itself.
Item (Cont’d) Description Simple Network Management Protocol-Disabled, Enabled (Default) SNMP provides means to monitor, collect, and analyze diagnostic information. Trap IP List To add an address to the Trap IP List: SNMP Select Add and type the new IP address to be added to the read-only Trap IP List. The window will expand downward to show all addresses in the list. To delete an address from the Trap IP List: Select Delete and type the IP address to be deleted from the read-only Trap IP List.
6.7.3.3.1.2 HiPR-900 MIB File Each HiPR-900 unit firmware package is bundled with three MIB files (found inside mibs.zip file): • dataradio-regs.mib: contains a top level set of managed object definitions aimed at managing Dataradio products. • 1213.mib: contains a set of managed object definitions aimed at managing TCP/IP-based internets. • hipr900.mib: contains a set of managed object definitions aimed at managing Dataradio HiPR-900 modems. 6.7.3.3.1.
6.7.3.3.1.5 hipr900.mib Figure 42 shows top-level objects of the hipr900.mib file: • • • • • • • hipr900Identity hipr900Settings hipr900NetSettings hipr900Statistics hipr900Diagonistcs hipr900Neighbors hipr900Control These seven branches expand into additional branches and leaves. Again, all hipr900.mib objects can be accessed through a MIB browser. 1.3.6.1.4.1.3732.
6.7.3.3.2 NAT Overview The purpose of the “Network Address Translation” (NAT) protocol is to hide a private IP network from a public network. The mechanism serves both as a firewall function and to save IP address space. Packet (1) Source Address 192.168.1.2 Destination Address 172.31.1.2 Packet (1) Source Address 172.31.1.1 Destination Address 172.31.1.2 172.31.1.1/24 192.168.1.1/24 Host1 192.168.1.2/24 Host2 172.31.1.2/24 NAT Enabled Device Packet (2) Source Address 172.31.1.
6.7.3.3.2.1 NAT on HiPR-900 On all HiPR-900 units, the user can select which one out of the two interfaces (Ethernet or RF) will be considered private. 6.7.3.3.2.1.1 Ethernet Interface is Considered Private Figure 44 - NAT on HiPR-900: Ethernet interface is private An IP packet whose source IP address originates from the Ethernet network and is sent towards the RF network, will have its source IP address replaced by the RF IP address of the HiPR-900 unit.
Packet (1) Src Address 172.30.1.2 Dst Address 200.1.1.1 Packet (1) Src Address 172.31.1.2 Dst Address 200.1.1.1 Packet (1) Src Address 172.31.1.2 Dst Address 200.1.1.1 Remote Host 1 172.30.1.2/24 HiPR900(2) HiPR900 (1) (NAT Enabled, ETH is (NAT Disabled) Private ETH network RF network External network private) External Host 1 200.1.1.1/24 Figure 46 - Private to Public 6.7.3.3.2.1.
Packet (1) Src Address 172.30.1.2 Dst Address 200.1.1.1 Packet (1) Src Address 172.31.1.2 Dst Address 200.1.1.1 Packet (1) Src Address 172.32.1.1 Dst Address 200.1.1.1 Remote Host 1 172.30.1.2/24 External Host 1 200.1.1.1/24 HiPR900(2) HiPR900 (1) (NAT Enabled, RF is private) (NAT Enabled, ETH is private) Private ETH network External network Private RF network Figure 49 - Private to Public In the example Figure 50, the RF interface of the HiPR-900 (1) unit is considered private.
Packet (1) Src Address 172.30.1.2 Dst Address 200.1.1.1 Remote Host 1 172.30.1.2/24 Packet (1) Src Address 172.30.1.2 Dst Address 200.1.1.1 Packet (1) Src Address 172.30.1.2 Dst Address 200.1.1.1 External Host 1 200.1.1.
6.7.3.4 IP addressing modes Figure 52 - Advanced IP Configuration – IP adressing modes Item Description Directed Broadcast Disabled, Enabled (Default) – Controls forwarding of Directed Broadcast packets Limited Enable Disabled (Default), Enabled – Controls forwarding of Limited broadcast packets Broadcast Disabled (Default), Enabled – Controls forwarding of Multicast packets (based on the “Multicast Address List”) Multicast Multicast can be used when “one-to-many” communication is required.
6.7.3.4.1 IP Broadcast/Multicast Overview When an IP packet needs to reach more then one unit, the destination address can be set to either a broadcast address or a multicast address. BROADCAST - There are two types of IP broadcast address: Figure 53 - Broadcast Window Detail • Directed broadcast A directed broadcast address is an IP address where the host portion is all ones (for instance 172.30.1.255 is the directed broadcast address for the network 172.30.1.0/24, 172.30.1.
Occasionally, the unit cannot determine that the packet is actually a directed broadcast. In such a case, the packet is normally routed. Send to 172.30.1.255 Sender Directed broadcast forwarding enabled 10.0.0.1/8 Master RF Airlinks 10.0.0.2/8 Directed broadcast forwarding enabled 10.0.0.4/8 Remote (1) 172.30.1.1/24 Remote Host(1) Remote Host(2) Remote Host(3) 172.30.1.4/24 172.30.1.2/24 172.30.1.3/24 Remote (2) 172.30.3.1/24 Remote Host(4) 172.30.3.
Send to 172.30.1.255 Sender Directed broadcast forwarding enabled Master 10.0.0.1/8 RF Airlinks 10.0.0.2/8 Directed broadcast forwarding disabled Remote (1) 172.30.1.1/24 Remote Host(1) Remote Host(2) Remote Host(3) 172.30.1.4/24 172.30.1.2/24 172.30.1.3/24 10.0.0.4/8 Remote (2) 172.30.3.1/24 Remote Host(4) 172.30.3.
Send to 255.255.255.255 Sender Limited broadcast forwarding enabled 10.0.0.1/8 Master RF Airlinks 10.0.0.2/8 Limited broadcast forwarding enabled Remote Host(1) 172.30.1.2/24 10.0.0.4/8 Limited broadcast forwarding Remote (2) enabled 172.30.3.1/24 Remote (1) 172.30.1.1/24 Remote Host(2) Remote Host(3) 172.30.1.4/24 172.30.1.3/24 Remote Host(4) 172.30.3.
Send to 255.255.255.255 Sender Limited broadcast forwarding enabled 10.0.0.1/8 Master RF Airlinks 10.0.0.4/8 10.0.0.2/8 Limited broadcast forwarding disabled Remote Host (1) 172.30.1.2/24 Limited broadcast forwarding Remote (2) enabled 172.30.3.1/24 Remote (1) 172.30.1.1/24 Remote Host (2) 172.30.1.3/24 Remote Host (3) 172.30.1.4/24 Remote Host (4) 172.30.3.
6.7.3.4.1.2 Multicast IP multicast addresses are in the range of 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. These addresses are used to represent logical groups of units that may or may not reside on the same networks. Multicast is used when “one-to-many” communication is required. For instance, a radio station might offer a music channel on the Internet in real time. To receive the music a user (host) must know the multicast group (multicast address) used by the radio station and add itself as a member of this group.
In an HiPR-900 environment, an outside host (Sender) might be interested in sending multicast packets to any one of the following groups: • “All Remote HiPR-900” group. • Various “Remote Host” group. The main HiPR-900 unit is directly connected to the outside network. ALL multicast groups MUST be identified in the main HiPR-900 unit because it uses IGMP to register the memberships to the multicast groups on behalf of the other units and Hosts (Remote HiPR-900 units, Remote Hosts).
The following setup example would allow the “Sender” unit to communicate with different multicast groups. The settings shown in Figure 61 below, and Figure 62, would enable the Sender unit to reach all entities of the various groups. Figure 61 illustrates setup on the Master unit. Figure 61 - Multicast Window Details (On the Main HiPR-900 unit) Multicast (Enabled/Disabled) Enables or disables the registration of the multicast groups by the main HiPR-900 unit.
6.7.3.5 IP Optimization & Tuning Figure 63 - Advanced IP Configuration – IP Optimization & Tuning (Router Mode) Item Description RF ACK Disabled (Default), Enabled OIP Retries Number of OIP retries (for non TCP traffic like ICMP). Default = 1 Note: No optimizations are available in Bridge Mode. Figure 63 shows Router mode screen. 6.7.3.
6.7.3.7 Time Source Figure 65 - Advanced IP Configuration – Time Source Item SNTP Description Client Disabled (Default), Enabled Server address IP of the SNTP Server in dot decimal format Period Period at which the SNTP Server is polled SNTP UTC Time Last update received from the SNTP Server (in seconds) – Read only TimeZone Select from drop-down list Daylight Savings Disabled (Default), Enabled ООО "ДатаРадио" - официальный представитель в Роcсии +7 (495) 220-95-14 info@dataradio.ru www.
6.7.3.8 Ethernet (PHY) Figure 66 - Advanced IP Configuration – Ethernet (PHY) Item Description PHY Bitrate Auto Negotiate Force to 100 Mbps Force to 10 Mbps (Default) PHY Duplex Half Duplex (read-only field) 6.7.3.9 RF Link Figure 67 - Advanced IP Configuration – RF Link Item Description Disabled, Enabled (Default) – TDD Mode Normally used in a point- to- point network carrying Ethernet traffic.
6.7.3.9.1 TDMA Segment Configuration While TDD provides the best performance for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint configurations, please enable “Timed Preset Segments” (in order to avoid RF collisions) for networks with a repeater unit. For operations through a single repeater (two RF coverage areas, Figure 68), TDMA allocates bandwidth to the Master, repeater, and remote in turn, to avoid collisions.
Master Repeater Relay Point Remote #2 Remote #1 Figure 70 - Repeater and two remotes Note: Set “Timed Preset Segments” for any network configuration with a single repeater. Use “TDD Mode” for Point-to Point and Point-to-Multipoint topologies. ООО "ДатаРадио" - официальный представитель в Роcсии +7 (495) 220-95-14 info@dataradio.ru www.dataradio.
6.7.4 Security 6.7.4.1 Pass Control Figure 71 - Security – Pass Control Item Description Enter a string of any letters or numbers of at least 1 and not exceeding 15 characters User ID Old Password The User Name entry is currently not an access-limiting factor. It only serves to identify the person gaining access. User Name may be required by future versions. For an initial installation, enter the default Password ADMINISTRATOR (all upper case letters).
6.7.4.2 Access List Figure 72 - Security – Access List Item Description Access List is used to keep unauthorized unit(s) away from Dataradio RF network. Maximum number of Access List entries = 100. The Access List Control takes the following values: Access List Control Access List Control Disabled (Default) White List – Authorized units only. Requests from any unit(s) outside this list will be rejected. Black List – Unauthorized units.
6.7.5 Statistics 6.7.5.1 Interfaces The LAN (Ethernet) Interface layer shows reception and transmission traffic counts. The RF Interfaces indicates the result of the RF link performance. Note: All definitions given below use the following convention: RX (or Input) = data received from a lower network layer TX (or Output) = data transmitted to a lower network layer Figure 73 - Statistics –Interfaces Item Description LAN – RX Pkts The total number of packets received by Ethernet interface.
6.7.6 Maintenance 6.7.6.1 Ping Test Figure 74 - Maintenance – Ping Test Item Description Enter IP address Enter IP address in dot decimal format Execute This button executes the ping command. Ready field displays the outcome of the ping command. ООО "ДатаРадио" - официальный представитель в Роcсии +7 (495) 220-95-14 info@dataradio.ru www.dataradio.
6.7.6.2 Unit Configuration Control Important note: Record all original HiPR-900 factory settings for possible future use. Figure 75 - Maintenance - Unit Configuration Control (Initial screen) Item Active Configuration Description Description Active Configuration Description Field – available by selecting “Checkpoint User Configuration” radio button in the “User Configuration Settings “portion of this window below.
6.7.6.3 Package Control Package Control is used for verifying the integrity of the field upgrade of the HiPR-900 radiomodem firmware. Click on Maintenance/Package Control and wait a few seconds for the results to display. Snapshot in Figure 76 shows a “PASS” result indication. If an upgrade problem arises and persists, click the “Package Control” once more and have the resulting indications handy if contacting Dataradio System engineering. Figure 76 - Package Control 6.7.6.
6.7.6.5 Spectrum Analyzer Figure 78 - Maintenance – Spectrum Item Spectrum Analyzer Description Continually monitors signal strength at each unit during normal operation. See section 7.1 for further details Range -120 to –40 dBm Thresholds -90 to –60 dBm 6.7.6.
Option # Name Description 001 Sync Master Allows the unit to operate as a Sync Master. 002 Router Mode Allows the unit to operate in Router Mode. 003 Store and Forward Repeater Allows the unit to operate as a Store-and-Forward Repeater. 004 Ethernet to RF Allows the unit to relay traffic between the Ethernet and RF interfaces. 005 Setup Serial Port to RF Allows the unit to relay traffic between the Setup Serial Port and RF interfaces.
Rebooting the unit would lose all neighbor entries and the detection process would have to be re-started. Enabling the Autolock feature allows preserving acquired information in the unit’s flash memory. When rebooting with Autolock enabled, the neighbor discovery module assumes the neighbor table is complete (It does not try to detect the presence of other units).
Figure 82 - Neighbor Table Item Unit ID Unit Configuration Description Displays a neighboring unit's RF MAC address and name. RF IP Address: displays a neighboring unit's RF IP address and netmask. Ethernet IP Address: displays a neighboring unit's Ethernet IP address and netmask. #: Indicates whether the route is primary [pri] or backup [bkp] The neighbor discovery algorithm keeps information about two best paths to any neighboring unit.
6.7.7.3 Neighbor Management (Advanced) The neighbor table can be also populated with user-defined entries. The interface presented below allows the user to add static entries.
6.7.8 Site Map and Help Site Map link and Help icon (Figure 84) features are designed to help the user navigate through the WebPages. They can be found on the bottom of the navigation pane. Figure 84 - Site Map Link and Help Icon Item Description Site Map Click Site Map link to display a page that hierarchically lists all WebPages on the site and provides a short description where applicable.
7. Optimization & Troubleshooting After original setup is complete, you may wish to maximize performance by first optimizing the Airlink (or RF link) and then optimizing the HiPR-900 radio modem to function in the resulting environment. A useful RF link diagnostic tool is the built-in Spectrum Analyzer that continually monitors signal strength with each packet during normal operation. 7.
7.2.1 Display Characteristics There are two main visual characteristics to the display (see Figure 85): 1. The noise floor – Indicates how much RF interference is present. Other system(s) with different System ID’s, and any other signals in this shared band, can and will increase the noise floor and could necessitate a stronger signal to achieve desired system throughput. A rough noise floor that changes every few seconds likely indicates that other hopping or spreading signals are present in the band. 2.
7.3 Maximizing TCP/IP If after optimizing the airlink there still appears to be an unexplained speed loss (less than the HiPR-900 radio modem limit of about 40 Kbytes/sec total for both directions), you can look at maximizing TCP/IP. TCP/IP throughput can be tricky to measure as performance is related not only to the RF link, but how well flow control is implemented in the TCP/IP stack and how each application is designed. The HiPR900 has been highly optimized with this in mind.
7.4.2 Reduce RF MTU size As this is a shared band, interference is not always avoidable. Another way of improving performance is by reducing the RF MTU size (see section 6.7.3.2). This effectively reduces the amount of time each data frame is exposed to interference, thus reducing retry traffic. A good starting point is 576 bytes instead of the default 1500. Note: Values down to 300 may be necessary. 7.4.
7.5.2 Configuration Information • WINIPCFG (WIN95/98), IPCONFIG (WIN2K) or IFCONFIG (UNIX) Ipconfig is a DOS utility, which can be used from MS-DOS or an MS-DOS shell to display the network settings currently assigned and given by a network. This command can be utilized to verify a network connection as well as to verify network settings. Available for MS-DOS, MS-Windows 9x, ME, NT, 2000, and XP.
7.6 Firmware Upgrading The HiPR-900 radiomodem firmware is field-upgradable using the unit’s Ethernet port. The process involves connecting to the IP address of the unit from a host PC and transferring the firmware files via an FTP program. 7.6.1 Procedure 1. Using a file decompression program, such as WinZIP™ or WinXP’s right-click & select the “Expand to…” option, expand the contents of the firmware upgrade package to a directory of your choice on the host PC.
Note: After resetting, the PWR LED remaining lit steady amber or red indicates the FTP transfer was not successful or that the firmware is corrupt. Please contact Dataradio system engineering for assistance. 5. Verify the integrity of the newly transferred files. a) Connect to the unit’s IP address using an Internet browser such as IE (5.0 or later) or Mozilla. b) Enter the user name and password (in the usual manner) and allow the Welcome page to load. c) In the left pane, click on Unit Status.
8. Specifications These specifications are subject to change without notice. GENERAL Product HiPR-900 902- 928 MHz ISM band Frequency Configurations IP Bridge, IP Router Management Supported Protocols HTTP embedded web server for setup and help Ethernet IEEE 802.3 (Any protocol running over IP such as ICMP, IGMP, TCP, UDP,IPSec, SNTP etc.
Modem / Logic Data Rate 256/512 Kbps (user selectable) Modulation Type RCFSK Addressing IP SETUP and COM Port Interface EIA RS-232F DE9F Data Rate 300 – 115,200 b/s (Defaults: Setup = 115.2Kbps, COM = 9.
Appendix 1- Feature Comparison Table 9 - Feature Comparison Feature Full-Featured HiPR-900 Master Operating mode Remote Operating mode Repeater Operating mode Bridge IP Forwarding mode Router IP Forwarding mode Neighbor Discovery IP Routing High Speed (512 Kbit/s) Ethernet Setup Serial Port COM Serial Port SNMP Parallel Decode √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ Standard HiPR-900S √ √ √ √ √ √ √ ООО "ДатаРадио" - официальный представитель в Роcсии +7 (495) 220-95-14 info@dataradio.ru www.dataradio.
Appendix 2- Diagnostic Output Format for HiPR-900 units Firmware Build V2.7_RXXX or earlier Output format for all HiPR-900 units with firmware build V2.7_RXXX or earlier is man / machinereadable, ASCII, comma-delimited format. Reader program used (or written) must ensure to decode the “type field” and check for type 0. Type 0 outputs contain the following fields: ♦ Source MAC Address (Bridge mode): Hex numbers format [00:01:02:03] or Source IP Address (Router mode): Dotted decimal format [111.222.333.
No overhead is generated in the HiPR-900 unit if no online diagnostic connection is actually made. Sample output for bridge mode (no IP address available) [00:00:03:09], 0, 9, 100, 1, 5, 38, -51, -70, -108, 1000, 200 [00:00:03:09], 0, 9, 100, 1, 5, 38, -51, -70, -111, 1000, 200 Sample output for router mode [192.168.36.188], 0, 9, 10, 0, 127, 46, -42, -70, -107, 1000, 200 [192.168.36.204], 0, 9, 10, 0, 103, 42, -53, -70, -110, 1000, 200 Decoding the last line (see Table 10): unit is 192.168.36.
Appendix 3- HiPR-900 Wireless Radiomodem Firmware Versions Table 11 - HiPR-900 Wireless Radiomodem Firmware Versions Date Sept. 2005 Build V1.0_R1.
Appendix 4 - Data Telemetry Warranty Dataradio COR Ltd. ("DRL") warrants to the original purchaser for use ("Buyer") that data telemetry products manufactured by DRL ("Products") are free from defects in material and workmanship and will conform to DRL's published technical specifications for a period of, except as noted below, two (2) years from the date of shipment to Buyer.
The entire contents of this manual are Copyright 2006-2007 by CalAmp DataCom Dataradio, HiPR-900 and PARALLEL DECODE are registered trademarks. TRUSTED WIRELESS DATA is a trademark of CalAmp ООО "ДатаРадио" - официальный представитель в Роcсии +7 (495) 220-95-14 info@dataradio.ru www.dataradio.
