SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX USER GUIDE EPIM100 PORT STATUS MODE 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1X 3X 5X 7X 9X 2X 4X 6X 8x 10X 11X 13X 15X 9 11 13 15 LINK STATUS PWR TX ACT FDX MON RX COL 100 USR STATUS LINK CPU RESET ELS100-16TX 9032405-01 COM STATUS 12X 14X 16X EPIM100
NOTICE Only qualified personnel should perform installation procedures. Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made. The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.
Notice DOC NOTICE This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications. Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques de la class A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le ministère des Communications du Canada.
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CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 ABOUT THIS MANUAL ........................................................................1-1 GETTING HELP.......................................................................................1-2 DOCUMENT CONVENTIONS .............................................................1-3 RELATED DOCUMENTATION ...........................................................1-4 OVERVIEW...................................................................................
Contents 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 DISPLAYING MIRRORING STATUS ..............................................3-14 DEFINING AND DELETING WORKGROUPS ..............................3-16 ASSIGNING A COMMUNITY NAME.............................................3-18 CONFIGURING BROADCAST/MULTICAST STORM PROTECTION ......................................................................................3-19 3.14 MODIFYING MIB VARIABLES.........................................................3-20 3.15 SYSTEM CONTACT ........
Contents 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 RESPONSES TO FAILURES AT POWER-UP......................................5-3 STATUS AND ACTIVITY INDICATORS ............................................5-3 TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................................................5-6 ELS100-16TX DOES NOT POWER UP .................................................5-6 5.5.1 Connectivity Problems..................................................................5-6 5.5.2 ELS100-16TX Has Rebooted ........................
Contents viii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 ABOUT THIS MANUAL This manual is for system administrators responsible for configuring, monitoring, and maintaining the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX. You should have a familiarity with networking concepts and principles. In addition, a basic understanding of SNMP is helpful. Some SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX configurations can only be done using an SNMP-based Network Management System (NMS).
Introduction • Chapter 5, ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and Troubleshooting, describes the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX diagnostics and provides information on troubleshooting common problems. • Appendix A, Technical Specifications, provides the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX specifications and basic cabling pin assignments. • Appendix B, Glossary, provides a glossary of terms both specific to the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX and common to the networking field. 1.
Introduction • A description of any action(s) already taken to resolve the problem (e.g., changing mode switches, rebooting the unit, etc.) • The serial and revision numbers of all involved Cabletron Systems products in the network • A description of your network environment (layout, cable type, etc.) • Network load and frame size at the time of trouble (if known) • The device history (i.e., have you returned the device before, is this a recurring problem, etc.
Introduction The following conventions are also used in this document: Note: Calls the reader’s attention to any item of information that may be of special importance. Tip: Conveys helpful hints concerning procedures or actions. Caution: Contains information essential to avoid damage to the equipment. Warning: Warns against an action that could result in equipment damage, personal injury or death. Warns against an action that could result in equipment damage, personal injury or death. 1.
Introduction 1.5 OVERVIEW The SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX is an intelligent Ethernet-toEthernet switch that is configured with 16 IEEE 802.3 10/100BASE-T autosensing Ethernet ports. The SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX provides the option of substituting RJ45 ports 15 and 16 (either or both) with two EPIM ports. These ports accept the EPIM-100FX. The ELS100-16TX also includes an RS232C port for out-of-band management. Figure 1-1 shows the front panel for the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX. .
Introduction • Operates in either Half Duplex or Full Duplex modes on all ports. • Implements the Spanning Tree protocol (802.1d). • Configured with factory-set defaults for immediate plug-andplay capability (IP address is not configured at factory). In addition, the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX offers the following features that can help you manage and maintain your network: • RMON support.
Introduction The SmartSTACK ELS100-16TX goes beyond switching basics incorporating unique management features, including, RMON statistics and Broadcast/multicast storm protection, proactive alarms, and both in-band and out-of-band SNMP management. The SmartSTACK ELS100-16TX uses an ASIC-based switching engine with the flexibility and performance required for today's networking demands.
Introduction Access Control (MAC) sub-layer of the Data Link layer. Figure 1-2 shows the OSI Reference Model. 7 Application 6 Presentation 5 Session 4 Transport 3 Network 2 Data Link 1 Physical ELS100-16TX operates at Layer 2 Figure 1-2. OSI Reference Model Port Trunking Another performance enhancing feature of the SmartSTACK ELS100-16TX is Port Trunking.
Introduction ports allowing the switch port and an attached device to negotiate for full or half-duplex modes of operation. The SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX also supports auto-negotiation as defined by IEEE 802.3u and will automatically set the port to the proper mode (10 Mbps, half/full duplex or, 100 Mbps half/full duplex). The EPIM100-FX interface will not support auto-negotiation, as auto negotiation for fiber is not defined in the 802.3u specification.
Introduction ELS100-16TX FastNet 10 LAN 1 A B LAN 2 C Figure 1-3. Typical Switching Application By forwarding only packets addressed to devices on other network segments, the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX reduces unnecessary traffic and thereby enhances the overall performance of the network. Note: If the packet address is not found in the Bridge Address Table, it will be forwarded (flooded) to all network segments. Spanning Tree Algorithm The SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX supports the IEEE 802.
Introduction packets to the LAN. If there is a cable break or a port failure, the network topology is automatically reconfigured by the Spanning Tree protocol to create an alternate path to the LAN. 1.5.2 SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX Bridge Address Table The SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX creates and maintains a dynamic database of addresses called the Bridge Address Table. The SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX examines every packet to determine its source address and LAN segment origin.
Introduction Each dynamic entry includes: • An Ethernet MAC address • A single port number of the LAN on which the address resides • The age of the entry The SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX stores 8192 dynamic (learned) entries in its Bridge Address Table. 1.5.
Introduction SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX Trunking The SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX allows two trunk groups with up to eight ports each to be connected between the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX and other devices in the FastNetwork and SmartSTACK families. This capability provides a scalable dedicated bandwidth of up to 1.6 Gbps for 100 Mbps ports. For example, local traffic, such as the Manufacturing Department’s internal traffic, can be easily handled by a single, 10 Mbps connection.
Introduction Figure 1-4 illustrates the trunking of multiple SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX ports to increase the bandwidth. LAN Segments 100 Mbps 100 Mbps EPIM100 PORT STATUS MODE 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1X 3X 5X 7X 9X 2X 4X 6X 8x 10X 11X 13X ELS100-16TX 15X LINK STATUS PWR TX ACT FDX MON RX COL 100 USR STATUS LINK CPU RESET STATUS COM ELS100-16TX 12X 14X 16X EPIM100 Up to1.
Introduction Figure 1-5 shows two Ethernet segments, A and B, that do not include a SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX. Repeater Traffic A B Traffic Figure 1-5. Multiple Ethernet Segments Sharing 100 Mbps Bandwidth Each host on segments A and B is limited to sharing a network bandwidth of 10 Mbps.
Introduction Figure 1-6 shows two Ethernet segments that take advantage of the virtual workgroup feature of the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX and the increased bandwidth applied to each A and B host.
Introduction As illustrated in the previous diagram, virtual workgroups allow you to associate multiple ports and define a workgroup. In reality, you are assigning workgroup IDs to SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX ports. 1.6 LOCAL CONSOLE MANAGER The Local Console Manager (LCM) is a command-line interface built into the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX.
Introduction 1.6.1 Command Syntax Conventions The following conventions apply as you use LCM commands: • Press the Enter key to execute a command after you type it in. • A port range is either a single port number, or a list of port numbers separated by commas or hyphens. For example, 3 is port 3; 3,7 are ports 3 and 7; 3-5 are ports 3,4, and 5; and 3-5,7 are ports 3,4,5, and 7. • To quit any command, press the Control-C keys (^C or Ctrl-C).
Introduction 1.6.2 Basic LCM Commands If you are going to manage the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX using LCM, you first must connect the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX to an ASCII terminal or terminal emulator. See Section 2.5, Connecting the Local Console Manager, for instructions. When you want to use LCM, begin by pressing the Enter key several times to get the LCM prompt (ELS100-16TX >). Help Displays the menu of available commands. Help can also be displayed by typing a question mark (?).
Introduction ELS100-16 > help ELS100-16TX Local Console Manager help or ? this menu status [PORT-RANGE] to display unit or port status baud [BAUD-RATE] to change the console baud rate exit or logout to logout erase to erase configuration information ident to display unit identification ipaddr [PORT# IPADDR [MASK]] to set or display IP addresses addresses display [any] [ADDR [MASK]] to display learned addresses bridge [PORT-RANGE [OPTIONS]] to set bridging methods clearstats to clear al
Introduction Erase Entering erase to erase the current SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX configuration returns all parameters to the default values. Exit or Logout Logs you out of LCM. (The exit command is functionally equivalent to the logout command.) Traplog Displays the traps messages captured by the SmartSTACK 100 ELS100-16TX. The following is an example of a traplog display: ... ELS100-16> traplog Trap 16 0:00:00 The unit has booted. Trap 25 0:00:00 The unit’s spanning tree maximum age has changed.
Introduction 1-22
CHAPTER 2 UNPACKING AND INSTALLING YOUR ELS100-16TX Carefully unpack the ELS100-16TX from the shipping carton and inspect it for possible damage. If any damage is evident, contact your supplier.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX 100BASE-T EPIM Ports Port LEDs Reset Switch Status LEDs EPIM100 PORT STATUS MODE 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1X 3X 5X 7X 9X 2X 4X 6X 8x 10X 11X 13X 15X 9 11 13 15 LINK STATUS PWR TX ACT FDX MON STATUS LINK CPU RESET ELS100-16TX COM STATUS RX COL 100 USR 12X 14X 16X Status Button Com Port RJ45 Ethernet 100BASE-T Ports Figure 2-1.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX Table 2-1. Meaning of ELS100-16TX LEDs LED State Meaning Port Status Mode TX On Indicates port is transmitting a packet. RX On Indicates port is receiving a packet. ACT On COL On Indicates port is transmitting or receiving. Indicates a collision on a port. FDX USR On Off On Off On Blink On Port is operating in Full Duplex. Port is operating in Half Duplex. Port operating at 100 Mbps. Port operating at 10 Mbps. Indicates the monitor port.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX Table 2-2 describes the ELS100-16TX buttons. Table 2-2. Description of ELS100-16TX Buttons Button Function Status Cycles through the Segment Status options (TX, RX, Act, Col, FDX, 100, MON, and Usr) for all ports. The right-hand port status LEDs of the ports you are monitoring are activated based on what function you chose with the Select button. Reset Restarts the ELS100-16TX. 2.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX EPIM100 LNK 9X 11X 13X 15X EPIM-100FX 10X 12X 14X 16X EPIM100 LNK EPIM-100FX Figure 2-2.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX 2.3 INSTALLING THE ELS100-16TX Rack-Mounting an ELS100-16TX Table 2-3 describes some general considerations you should be aware of before mounting an ELS100-16TX in a rack assembly. Table 2-3.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX . Rackmount Brackets (2) EPIM100 PORT STATUS MODE 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1X 3X 5X 7X 9X 2X 4X 6X 8x 10X 11X 13X 15X 9 11 13 15 LINK STATUS PWR TX ACT FDX MON RX COL 100 USR STATUS LINK CPU RESET STATUS COM ELS100-16TX 12X 14X EPIM100 16X Screws (4) Figure 2-3. Attaching Rackmount Brackets 2. Place the ELS100-16TX chassis in the cabinet. 3.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX 4. Once the ELS100-16TX is installed, plug the AC power cord into the AC power connector on the rear of the ELS100-16TX chassis. Plug the other end of the power cord into a threeprong grounded outlet. 2.4 CHECKING THE POWER-UP DIAGNOSTICS SEQUENCE Before connecting any devices to the ELS100-16TX, power on the unit and observe the power-up diagnostics sequence to check for proper operation.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX To connect the LCM: 1. Connect your ASCII terminal or terminal emulator to the outof-band management RS232C port on the front panel of the ELS100-16TX using the standard RJ-45 twisted pair cable shipped with the unit. (Only three wires are necessary: Receive Data, Transmit Data and Ground.) 2. Set the terminal to 9600 baud, 8N1: 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, and no flow control. 3. Press the Enter key several times.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX 2.6.1 Connecting UTP Cables Before connecting a segment to the ELS100-16TX, check each end of the segment to verify wire crossover. Caution: To establish a link, you must have an odd number of crossovers (preferably one) between 10/100 BASE-T devices of the same type (i.e., from repeater to repeater or transceiver to transceiver). Connect a twisted pair segment to the ELS100-16TX as follows: 1.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX b. Verify that the RJ45 connectors on the twisted pair segment have the proper pinouts (Figure 2-6) and check the cable for continuity. TO ELS10-26 RJ-45 Port Note: RX+/RX- and TX+/TX- must share a common color pair. TO 10Base-T Device Port TX+ 1 TX- 2 1 TX+ 2 TX- RX+ 3 RX- 6 3 RX+ 6 RX- Figure 2-6. Cable Pinouts - (RJ45) Crossover Cable c. Check that the twisted pair connection meets the dB loss and cable specifications.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX Caution: An odd number of crossovers (preferably one) must be maintained between devices so that the transmit port of one device is connected to the receive port of the other device and vice versa. If the fiber optic cable being used has SC style connectors that do not resemble MIC style connectors, or has SC connectors on one end and a different type on the other, such as ST connectors, ensure that the proper crossing over occurs.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX EPIM100 LNK 9X 11X 13X 15X EPIM-100FX LNK EPIM-100FX 10X 12X 14X 16X EPIM100 Figure 2-7. EPIM-100FX Port 4. Verify that a Link exists by checking that the port LINK LED is solid green. If the LINK LED is off, perform the following steps until it is on: a. Check that the power is turned on for the device at the other end of the Link. b.
Unpacking and Installing Your ELS100-16TX 2-14
CHAPTER 3 CONFIGURING YOUR ELS100-16TX The ELS100-16TX does not require any additional configuration to operate as a standard, transparent switch. However, if you want to use any of the ELS100-16TX advanced functions, you must first assign an IP (Internet Protocol) address to any of the ports on the ELS100-16TX that you use to communicate with a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) manager. To initially assign an IP address, you can use the Local Console Manager (LCM).
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX The following sections describe how to configure the optional parameters of the ELS100-16TX using LCM commands, including: • Assigning IP addresses • Enabling and disabling bridging • Displaying bridging functions • Enabling and disabling trunking • Displaying trunking status • Defining and deleting virtual workgroups • Assigning a community name Note: You can use the LCM erase command to erase all configuration information and return the unit to default settings on the next sy
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX • Class B addresses are used for medium sized networks. The first two bytes identify the network and the last two identify the node. The first byte of a class B address must be in the range 128–191. The address 128.150.50.10 identifies node 50.10 on network 128.150. • Class C addresses are used for small networks. The first three bytes identify the network and the last byte identifies the node. The first byte of a class C address must be in the range 192–223. The address 192.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX 3.1.1 Displaying IP Addresses To display IP addresses, subnet masks, and MAC addresses of all ports on the ELS100-16TX you are configuring, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type ipaddr LCM displays the current IP address table, for example: Port 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 . . . 16 IP Address Address Mask MAC Address 192.138.217.1 0.0.0.0 192.138.217.10 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.138.217.20 192.138.217.50 255.255.255.0 255.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 255.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX To change the subnet mask, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type ipaddr For example, ipaddr 6 192.138.217.40 255.255.240.0 would set the subnet mask for port 6 to 255.255.240.0. LCM responds by redisplaying the current address table. Note: When you change the subnet mask for a port, you must also enter the IP address for that port. Make sure you enter the IP address for the port correctly; whatever you enter becomes the IP address for that port.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX Using LCM to enable bridging for a port or port range, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type bridge [PORT-RANGE [{off|on|noBPDU}]] For example, bridge 2 on would enable bridging on port 2. LCM responds: Port 2 bridging: Transparent Bridging 3.3 DISABLING BRIDGING To turn off the bridging function for a port or port range, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type bridge [PORT-RANGE] off For example, bridge 2 off would disable bridging on port 2. LCM responds: Port 2 bridging: Off 3.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX Usage: Port Port Port Port bridge [PORT-RANGE [{off|on|noBPDU{]] 1 bridging: Transparent Bridging 2 bridging: Transparent Bridging 3 bridging: Transparent Bridging 4 bridging: Transparent Bridging . . . Port 16 bridging: off You could also type bridge [PORT-RANGE] to look at a specific range of ports. For example bridge 2-4 would display bridging functions for ports 2, 3, and 4. 3.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX ELS100-16TX EPIM100 PORT STATUS MODE 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1X 3X 5X 7X 9X 2X 4X 6X 8x 10X 11X 13X 15X 9 11 13 15 LINK STATUS PWR TX ACT FDX MON RX COL 100 USR STATUS LINK CPU RESET STATUS COM ELS100-16TX 12X 14X 16X EPIM100 100BASE-T Crossover Cables (providing 800 Mbps of bandwidth) ELS100-16TX EPIM100 PORT STATUS MODE 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1X 3X 5X 7X 9X 2X 4X 6X 8x 10X 11X 13X 15X 9 11 13 15 LINK S
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX EPIM100 PORT STATUS MODE 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1X 3X 5X 7X 9X 2X 4X 6X 8x 10X 11X 13X ELS100-16TX A 15X 9 11 13 15 LINK STATUS PWR TX ACT FDX MON RX COL 100 USR STATUS LINK CPU RESET STATUS COM ELS100-16TX 12X 14X 16X EPIM100 Trunk Group #1 EPIM100 PORT STATUS MODE 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1X 3X 5X 7X 9X 2X 4X 6X 8x 10X 11X 12X 13X 14X 16X 11X 13X 15X ELS100-16TX B 15X 9 11 13 15 LINK STATUS PWR T
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX For ELS100-16TX B, at the LCM prompt: b. Type trunk 3-10,14-15 on For ELS100-16TX C, at the LCM prompt: c. Type trunk 3-10 on Each ELS100-16TX determines which ports are part of which Trunk Group. After Trunk Group configuration, the ELS10016TXs complete the standard 802.1d Spanning Tree state changes, treating each Trunk Group as a single 802.1d Spanning Tree port. 802.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX 3.7 DISPLAYING TRUNKING STATUS To check the status of your current trunking configuration, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type trunk The display could look like the following: Note: IP Addresses are not required for trunking to function. ELS100-16 > trunk 2-4 Port 2 trunking joined to Bridge MAC Addr 00:40:27:00:06:1f IP Addr 192.138.217.1 Port 3 trunking joined to Bridge MAC Addr 00:40:27:00:06:c3 IP Addr 192.138.200.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX The display could look like the following: ELS100-16 > status 1 Port 1 Status Type/Speed: Port Mirroring: Duplex Mode: Bridging: Enabled/Disabled: Spanning Tree: Trunking State: Pkts Transmitted: Pkts Received: Carrier Losses: Total Collisions: Excess Collisions: RX Missed pkts: RX Runt pkts: RX FCS/Align Errs: Internal TX Errs: 10B-TPX/10Mbits No Half Duplex Transparent Bridging Enabled, Rip listening Forwarding Off 1693 0 1693 0 0 0 0 0 0 Type to display port 2 status
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX • Perturbed — Trunking is enabled, and a good trunk connection has been established. However, the forwarding of data packets is temporarily suspended to allow for a change in the membership of the Trunk Group. 3.8 ENABLING PORT MIRRORING The ELS100-16TX allows you to mirror the 10/100BASE-T ports on the ELS100-16TX. The mirroring of network traffic is performed by the ELS100-16TX hardware, and the mirror image reflects only good packets.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX 3.10 DISPLAYING MIRRORING STATUS To check the status of your current mirroring configuration, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type mirror The display could look like the following: ELS100-16> mirror 2 Port Mirroring: Port 1 is mirroring Tx traffic . . . Port 16 mirroring off Note: The mirror command will display the status of all ports, even if a specific port or range or ports is entered with the command.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX To check the status for ports configured for mirroring: 1.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX 3.11 DEFINING AND DELETING WORKGROUPS The ELS100-16TX allows you to define logical groups of associated ports (virtual workgroups) to provide a more efficient flow of traffic across your Ethernet network. Virtual workgroups offer you the ability to limit broadcasts to logical domains within the network.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX The LCM commands used to create the previous configuration are as follows: 1. To create workgroup A on ports 3, 4, 5, 13, and 16: ESL10-26 > workgroup A 3-5,13,16 LCM responds with the following display: Name: a Ports: 3, 4, 5, 13, 16 Info: All 2.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX To display information about a specific workgroup, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type workgroup NAME To create or modify a workgroup, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type workgroup NAME PORT-RANGE INFO To delete a workgroup, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type workgroup NAME delete To create or modify the port list for a specific workgroup, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type workgroup NAME PORT-RANGE To display the network classification of a specific workgroup, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type workgroup NAME INFO 3.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX 5. LCM prompts you to verify the new community name by retyping it. 6. Retype the new community name. 3.13 CONFIGURING BROADCAST/MULTICAST STORM PROTECTION The ELS100-16TX provides automatic protection against broadcast/multicast storms. Multicast storms are excessive broadcasts to all ports, typically caused by a malfunctioning device. They can result in severe network performance problems, including causing the network to crash.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX The two Management Information Base (MIB) variables for configuring multicast storm protection are: • kxifTxStormCnt – specifies the maximum number of multicasts that can be broadcast within the given time. • kxiTxStormTime – specifies the period of time that the maximum number of multicasts can be broadcasted. Refer to the ELS100-16TX Release Notes for a complete listing and description of MIB variables. 3.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX 3.16 SYSTEM NAME The system name is a name assigned to the ELS100-16TX by the network administrator. By convention, the system name is the fully qualified domain name. (This name then becomes the LCM prompt.) sysName - {system 5} DisplayString (SIZE (0..255)) 3.16.1 System Location The system location identifies the physical location of the ELS10016TX. sysLocation - {system 6} DisplayString (SIZE (0..255)) 3.16.
Configuring Your ELS100-16TX Set Community Name The set community name variable (kxadminAnyPass) and get community name variable (kxadminGetPass) must be set to the value of the community name used by the SNMP manager for performing either set or get operations. A zero length community name means that any community name is acceptable. kxadminAnyPass - {kxadmin 2} DisplayString (SIZE (0..24)) kxadminGetPass - {kxadmin 2} DisplayString (SIZE (0..24)) 3.16.
CHAPTER 4 MONITORING AND MANAGING YOUR ELS100-16TX Monitoring the ELS100-16TX consists of collecting and analyzing statistics and system status information. You can use the Select button on the front panel of the ELS10016TX to monitor segment status on any of the Ethernet ports. Refer to Section 2.1 for a description of the segment status options.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX ELS100-16TX statistics are divided into four groups: • System statistics • Ethernet port statistics • Traffic analysis statistics • SNMP statistics You can use this information to analyze your overall network performance and to make configuration changes as necessary. For example, Ethernet port statistics can help you identify network devices that require high bandwidth, and therefore should be connected through a dedicated, rather than a shared, network connection.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX • The number of spanning tree topology changes that have occurred since the ELS100-16TX was last reset. • The time since a topology change was last initiated. • The physical location of the ELS100-16TX. • The name and address of the contact person for the ELS10016TX. • The name of the ELS100-16TX. • The current number of dynamic (learned) addresses. Note: To check ELS100-16TX system status using LCM, see Section 4.3. 4.2.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX 4.3 USING LCM TO CHECK ELS100-16TX STATUS The LCM commands that enable you to quickly check on the status of the ELS100-16TX include: • Status • Address display • Ipaddr • Ident These LCM commands are described in the sections that follow. 4.3.1 Displaying Status The status command displays the status of the ELS100-16TX and automatically pages through the status of all of the Ethernet ports, pausing at each screen of information.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX Software Currently Running: version xx.xx.xx software, Tue 08/23/94 15:0 Next Bootstrap (1st bank): version xx.xx.xx software Tue 08/23/94 15:03: Power-up test failures: none System Up Time: 2:25:57 Current Number of Learned Addresses: 133 CPU utilization is light. Port 1 2 3 4 . . . 16 RX Packets 0 6978 0 0 . . . 0 TX Packets Collisions 1676 8 0 0 . . . 0 0 0 0 0 . . . 0 Erred Packets 1676 0 0 0 . . . 0 Type to display port 1 status...
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX If you do not want to view the status of port 2, use the Ctrl-C keys to return to the LCM prompt. You can view the status for multiple of ports by typing status and indicating the range of port numbers, for example status 2-6. 4.3.2 Displaying MAC Addresses The addresses display command displays all MAC addresses in the ELS100-16TX Bridge Address Table.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX To display all MAC addresses, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type addresses display any LCM responds with a list of all MAC addresses, their associated ports, the type, age, and number of frames from and to that address. Address Type Port 08:00:20:02:3a:44 Learned 3 Age(secs) 26 Enter to continue, Ctrl-C to exit: If you do not specify any, only the learned addresses are displayed. To display a specific address, at the LCM prompt: 1.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX LCM would display: Address 02:04:06:03:2a:43 02:04:06:00:2a:67 02:04:06:a3:70:2b Type Learned Learned Learned Port 5 4 6 Age(secs) 21 1 0 Enter to continue, Ctrl-C to exit: The ipaddr command displays the IP addresses, subnet masks, and MAC addresses of all ELS100-16TX ports. At the LCM prompt: 1. Type ipaddr LCM displays the current IP address table, for example. Port 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 IP Address Address Mask MAC Address 192.138.217.1 0.0.0.0 192.138.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX 4.4 MANAGING THE ELS100-16TX Managing the ELS100-16TX consists of: • Disabling and enabling Ethernet ports • Changing a subnet mask • Changing a community name • Setting the baud rate of your terminal connection • Setting a reboot time You can use the Local Console Manager (LCM), any of the Cabletron Systems NMSs, or a standard SNMP-based NMS to manage the ELS100-16TX. Refer to Section 4.1. 4.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX 4.5.1 Disabling a Port There can be times when you need to disable a specific Ethernet port, for example, after you have determined that there is faulty equipment. Disabling a port effectively stops all bridging functions for that port. Disabled ports do not accept SNMP packets, and therefore cannot communicate with an NMS. To disable a port, or port range, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type disable For example, disable 7-9 would disable ports 7, 8, and 9.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX For example, enable 7-9 would enable ports 7, 8, and 9. LCM responds: Port 7: Enabled, Rip listening Port 8: Enabled, Rip listening Port 9: Enabled, Rip listening Note: Rip listening means that the ELS100-16TX is in listening mode only. No RIP packets are created. noRIP Option The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is one of the protocols that allows the ELS100-16TX to build an accurate, current routing table.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX LCM displays the current IP address table, for example: Port IP Address 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 192.138.217.1 0.0.0.0 192.138.217.10 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.138.217.20 192.138.217.50 Address Mask MAC Address 255.255.255.0 255.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 255.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 00:40:27:00:06:1f 00:40:27:00:06:c3 00:40:27:00:06:3e 00:40:27:00:03:7a 00:40:27:00:05:c7 00:40:27:00:04:4a 00:40:27:00:06:9e To change the subnet mask, at the LCM prompt: 1.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX 3. Enter the new community name. LCM prompts you to verify the new community name by retyping it. 4. Retype the new community name. 4.5.5 Setting the Baud Rate You can set the baud rate for your LCM console connection. The options for baud rate include: • 1200 • 2400 • 4800 • 9600 • 19200 The default rate is 9600. Note: Make sure that the baud rate you set matches the baud rate setting for the terminal you are using.
Monitoring and Managing Your ELS100-16TX To change the baud rate setting, at the LCM prompt: 1. Type baud For example, baud 9600 would set the baud rate to 9600. LCM responds: Baud rate is 9600. 4.5.6 Setting a Reboot Time You can enter the number of seconds the ELS100-16TX waits before rebooting. At the LCM prompt: 1. Type reboot
CHAPTER 5 ELS100-16TX DIAGNOSTICS AND TROUBLESHOOTING The ELS100-16TX incorporates built-in diagnostic and testing capabilities which are convenient to use and cause minimal or no disruption to the rest of the operational network. These capabilities are effective for isolating problems within the ELS100-16TX unit. Built-in diagnostic capabilities include: • System-wide power-up diagnostics, which are run every time the system is powered up or reset. 5.
ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Note: If a critical component fails diagnostics, the CPU LED will turn off and the ELS100-16TX will attempt to reboot. If the CPU LED does not stay on, contact Cabletron Systems Global Call Center. Refer to Section 1.2. 5.1.2 Specific Power-up Tests The power-up diagnostic tests performed on the ELS100-16TX include: • ROM checksum test • Instruction/Data memory test • FLASH checksum test • NVRAM checksum test 5.1.
ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 5.1.4 Power-up Diagnostics Results After completion of the power-up diagnostic sequence, both the Power (Pwr) and CPU LEDs located on the front panel of the ELS100-16TX should be on. 5.2 RESPONSES TO FAILURES AT POWER-UP How the ELS100-16TX responds to failures detected during powerup depends on the seriousness of the failure. For example, it will operate if a non-critical component, such as the out-of-band management port, fails diagnostics.
ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Port Link LEDs (upper row) Segment Status LEDs EPIM100 PORT STATUS MODE 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1X 3X 5X 7X 9X 2X 4X 6X 8x 10X 11X 13X 15X 9 11 13 15 LINK STATUS PWR TX ACT FDX MON STATUS LINK CPU RESET ELS100-16TX STATUS RX COL COM 100 USR 12X 14X 16X Power and CPU LEDs Port Status LEDs (lower row) Segment Status Option Select Button Figure 5-1.
ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Table 5-1. Meaning of ELS100-16TX LEDs LED State Meaning Port Status Mode TX On Indicates port is transmitting a packet. RX On Indicates port is receiving a packet. ACT On COL On Indicates port is transmitting or receiving. Indicates a collision on a port. FDX USR On Off On Off On Blink On Port is operating in Full Duplex. Port is operating in Half Duplex. Port operating at 100 Mbps. Port operating at 10 Mbps. Indicates the monitor port.
ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and Troubleshooting Table 5-2 describes the ELS100-16TX buttons. Table 5-2 Description of ELS100-16TX Buttons Button Function Status Cycles through the Segment Status options (TX, RX, Act, Col, and Usr) for all ports. The lower port status LEDs of the ports you are monitoring are activated based on what function you chose with the Select button. Reset Restarts the ELS100-16TX. 5.
ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 5.5.1 Connectivity Problems • Check for LED abnormalities. • Check port status using LCM. • Check for loose port connections. • Check to see if the number of carrier losses is increasing using LCM. This indicates that the connection is suspect. • Check to see if the number of total collisions has dramatically increased using LCM. 5.5.2 ELS100-16TX Has Rebooted • Use the LCM ident command to check the ELS100-16TX diagnostic codes.
ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and Troubleshooting 5-8
APPENDIX A TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS A.1 ELS100-16TX SPECIFICATIONS Physical Height 2.55 in (6.48 cm) Width 17 in (43.18 cm) Depth 15.5 in (39.4 cm) Weight 9 lb (4.
Technical Specifications Diagnostic LEDs Individual port link status Individual port segment status Segment status, specifying one of the following: - Transmit activity - Receive activity - Both Transmit and Receive activity - Collision - 100 (Mbps) - Duplex - MON (monitor) - User-defined CPU Power (PWR) Standard Support • IEEE 802.1 Part D • IEEE802.2 (Logical Link Control) • IEEE 802.
Technical Specifications Address Table Size 8,192 dynamic entries Management Support • MIB II, 802.1d, 802.3, and Cabletron Enterprise MIB • Cabletron Systems Local Console Manager (LCM) • Any SNMP-based network management system Regulatory Compliance Safety UL 1950, CSA C22.2 No. 950, EN 60950, IEC 950 and 73/23/EEC Electromagnetic Compatibility FCC Part 15, EN 55022, EN 50082-1, 89/336/EEC, CSA C108.8, VCCI V-3 A.
Technical Specifications Table A-2. DB9 Pin Assignments ELS100-16TX RJ45 (female) DB9 pin (female) Pin 1 (Rx) Pin 2 Pin 4 (Tx) Pin 3 Pin 5 (GND) Pin 5 A.3 100BASE-T PIN ASSIGNMENTS An Ethernet twisted-pair link segment requires two pairs of wires. Each wire pair is identified by solid and striped colored wires. For example, one wire in the pair might be red and the other wire, red with white stripes. Connectors Refer to the diagram below and note how the pins are numbered.
Technical Specifications Table A-3. 100BASE-T Pin Assignments Assignmenta Pin 1 Rx+ 2 Rx- 3 Tx+ 6 Txa. The “+” and “-” signs are used to represent the polarity of the two wires that make up each wire pair. A.4 STRAIGHT-THROUGH WIRING If the twisted-pair link segment is to join two ports on a switch, and only one of the ports has an internal crossover, the two pairs of wires must be straight-through, as shown in Table A-4. Table A-4.
Technical Specifications Table A-5. Crossover RJ45 Pin Assignments ELS100-16TX ELS100-16TX 1 (Rx+) 3 (Tx+) 2 (Rx-) 6 (Tx-) 3 (Tx+) 1 (Rx+) 6 (Tx-) 2 (Rx-) A.6 THE 5 - 4 - 3 RULE Between any two nodes (i.e., PCs or other stations) on the network, there can be: • Up to five segments in series • Up to four repeaters or multi-port hubs • Up to three populated segments (that is, segments attached to two or more PCs).
Technical Specifications EPIM100 LNK 9X 11X 13X 15X EPIM-100FX 10X 12X 14X 16X EPIM100 LNK EPIM-100FX Figure A-2. EPIM-100FX Specifications for the EPIM-100FX are listed in Table A-6. The transmitter power levels and receive sensitivity levels listed are peak power levels after optical overshoot. A peak power meter must be used to correctly compare the values given above to those measured on any particular port.
Technical Specifications A-8
APPENDIX B GLOSSARY address A set of characters that uniquely identifies a station, peripheral device, node, or other unit in a network. address table A database of device addresses and their associated ports maintained by a switch or bridge for use in making data packet forwarding and filtering decisions. agent Network management software that runs within a managed network device. alarm See trap.
Glossary backbone The major, central transmission path for a network. A backbone usually handles high-volume, high-density traffic. Typically a backbone connects various LANs into an integrated network. bandwidth A measure of the amount of traffic a given medium can handle at one time: The communications capacity (measured in bits per second), of a transmission line or of a specific path through a network.
Glossary congestion A condition where a portion of the network is overloaded with more data than can be transmitted in the desired time period. CSMA/CD (carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection) A channel access (contention) method that requires each station to wait for an idle channel before transmitting. In addition, stations are able to detect overlapping transmissions (collisions) and retransmit in the event of a data collision. data link layer Layer 2 in the OSI model.
Glossary encapsulation A method for moving messages across networks that use different types of protocols. The message is encapsulated (rather than translated), so it can move across a network that otherwise could not understand its protocol. Encapsulating bridges and switches generally use proprietary encapsulation schemes. encode To translate data into a series of electrical or optical pulses that can travel efficiently over a cable or other medium.
Glossary ICMP (Internet control message protocol) An auxiliary protocol of IP used to convey advice and error messages about events in the IP layer. IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) International professional society which issues networking and other standards. The IEEE created the 802 family of LAN standards. IEEE 802.2 The data link layer standard; used with IEEE 802.3, 802.4, 802.5, and other LAN/WAN protocols. IEEE 802.
Glossary internetworking The linking of one or more networks to facilitate communication across networks. interoperability The ability of equipment from multiple vendors to exchange information using standardized protocols. IP (Internet protocol) IP is the basic datagram protocol used at the network layer of the TCP/IP stack. ISO (International Standards Organization) An organization that creates, controls and publishes standards. jitter Clocking deviation on a network.
Glossary MAC (media access control) The data link layer sublayer responsible for scheduling, transmitting, and receiving data on a shared medium local area network. mask Specified a subset of a larger set of data to be included for comparison and analysis. For example, in switch filtering, a mask might be configured to include only the first four address bits as the basis for filtering decisions. Mbps (megabits per second) 1 million bits per second.
Glossary OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Refers to the OSI reference model, a logical structure for network operations. OSI is the internationally accepted framework of standards for internetwork communication. packet A group of bits including data and control elements arranged in a specific format that are transmitted and switched as a composite whole. Control elements include a source address, destination address, frame control and status indicators, and a Frame Check Sequence (FCS).
Glossary protocol A set of rules used by computers and related devices to communicate with each other. protocol suite A group of protocols related to a common framework. RARP (reverse address resolution protocol) A protocol that binds MAC addresses to specific IP addresses. RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) A data processing technology in which functions are performed using the least possible number of instructions to yield very fast processing.
Glossary switch An intelligent, protocol independent device used to connect similar or dissimilar LANs. symbol The smallest signaling element used by the MAC sublayer. Each symbol corresponds to a specific sequence of code bits to be transmitted by the physical layer. synchronous transmission A transmission technique in which an uninterrupted block of data is transmitted, using no redundant information such as stop and start bits to identify the beginning and end of a unit of data.
Glossary upstream Refers to the relative position of a station in a network to another station in the same network. A station is upstream from its neighbor if it receives data before its neighbor receives the data. WAN (wide area network) A communication network that spans a large geographic area.
Glossary B-12
