MMAC-Plus™ 9A000, SFCS-200BX, SFCS-200WG and SFCS-1000 ATM SWITCH User’s Guide
Notice Notice Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made. The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.
Notice FCC Notice This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules.
Table of Contents Preface Technical Support....................................................................................................... vii Typographical Styles.................................................................................................. vii Important Information Indicators ..........................................................................viii Laser Warning...............................................................................................................
Contents 3.2.4.2 SFCS-1000 AC Power Supply (Model A).................................... 3-12 3.2.4.3 SFCS-1000 AC Power Supply (Model B) .................................... 3-15 3.2.5 SFCS-1000 Fan Tray ................................................................................ 3-18 3.2.6 SFCS-1000 Temperature Sensing........................................................... 3-18 3.2.7 SFCS-1000 Common Equipment Card (CEC) ..................................... 3-19 3.2.7.1 CEC Front Panel..........
Contents Chapter 6 Software Upgrade Instructions 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Appendix A Obtaining the Software Upgrade File via Diskette ......................................... 6-2 Performing the Software Upgrade .................................................................... 6-4 Changing between Multiple Versions of Software.......................................... 6-7 Using bootp to Download Software to the Switch.......................................... 6-9 6.4.1 Overview................................
Contents Appendix C Hardware Specifications C.1.1 SFCS-200WG ............................................................................................ C-2 C.1.2 SFCS-200BX .............................................................................................. C-3 C.1.3 SFCS-1000 .................................................................................................. C-4 C.2 ATM Network Modules.................................................................................... C-5 C.2.
PREFACE This manual provides technical information needed to install and operate the CabletronTM 9A000 and SecureFast Cell Switch-200BX ATM Switches. It provides information for the 9A000 and SFCS-200BX switches and the userinstallable network modules offering both LAN and WAN interfaces. This document also provides safety instructions, general product information, network configuration information and information on software administration capabilities. Technical Support In the U.S.A.
PREFACE cd /usr Commands or file names that appear within the text of this manual will be represented in the following style: “...the fore_install program will install this distribution”. As in the following example, any messages that appear on your screen during software installation and network interface administration will appear in Courier font to distinguish them from the rest of the text. ....
PREFACE Information contained in NOTE statements has been found important enough to be called to the special attention of the operator and will be set off from the text as follows: NOTE: Cabletron Systems strongly recommends that you disconnect the serial cable once you have configured the ATM switch and then access the switch over the ATM network.
PREFACE Laser Warning Class 1 Laser Product: This product conforms to applicable requirements of 21 CFR 1040 at the date of manufacture. Class 1 lasers are defined as products which do not permit human access to laser radiation in excess of the accessible limits of Class 1 for applicable wavelengths and durations. These lasers are safe under reasonably foreseeable conditions of operation.
PREFACE Safety Agency Compliance This preface provides safety precautions to follow when installing a Cabletron Systems, Inc., product. Safety Precautions For your protection, observe the following safety precautions when setting up your equipment: • Follow all warnings and instructions marked on the equipment. • Ensure that the voltage and frequency of your power source matches the voltage and frequency inscribed on the equipment’s electrical rating label.
PREFACE Modifications to Equipment Do not make mechanical or electrical modifications to the equipment. Cabletron Systems, Inc., is not responsible for regulatory compliance of a modified product. Placement of a Cabletron Systems Product CAUTION To ensure reliable operation of your Cabletron Systems product and to protect it from overheating, openings in the equipment must not be blocked or covered. A Cabletron Systems product should never be placed near a radiator or heat register.
CHAPTER 1 Introduction The Cabletron 9A000 and SFCS series ATM Switch brings ATM connectivity to LAN workgroup, LAN backbone, and LAN/WAN internetworking applications. Together with the Cabletron series of ATM Computer Interfaces, the 9A000 and SFCS series meet the networking demands of today’s distributed, time-critical applications. The Cabletron 9A000 and SFCS series ATM high-performance ATM switches deliver switching capacity and speed for ATM applications. A non-blocking switching capacity of 2.
Introduction communication) to be switched to multiple destinations by fast ATM switches such as the Cabletron 9A000 and SFCS series (connecting up to 64 workstations with an aggregate capacity of 2.5 Gbps or 96 workstations running at 100 Mbps). Larger LANs can be built by interconnecting multiple 9A000 and SFCS series ATM switches. Based upon international standards developed by the CCITT, ATM allows for fast packet switching of cells, 53 bytes in length.
Introduction Figure 1.
Introduction SecureFast Cell Switch-200BX 5 VOLT 5 VOLT RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 RX1 RX2 RX3 TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4 TX1 TX2 TX3 RX1 TX1 Tx C RESET SER RX2 RX3 RX4 TX2 TX3 TX4 Rx L ETH RX1 TX1 Tx C PWR NEXT SELECT SFCS RESET SER TX4 RX2 RX3 RX4 TX2 TX3 TX4 Rx L ETH RX4 PWR FORE - FORE NEXT SELECT Figure 1.2 - SFCS-200BX Switch Configuration 1.2.
Introduction 1.2.4 Switch Control Processor The i960 switch control processor provides the distributed connection set-up for a network of ATM switches. The switch control processor primarily provides management access through SNMP and is responsible for storing and updating all SNMP management information. Additionally, the switch control processor can access the ATM switch in-band in very much the same manner as an ATM adapter in a workstation (such as the Fore SBA-200 SBus Adapter).
Introduction Table 1.1 - System Hardware and Environmental Specifications Features 1-6 SFCS Series/9A000 Switching Fabric 2.5 Gbps non-blocked Traffic Policing UNI 3.1 dual leaky bucket support Number of Ports up to 24 ports Switch Transit Delay < 10 microseconds Connection Setup Time < 10 milliseconds Maximum Port Speed 622 Mbps (OC-12/STM-4) Power (nominal) 90 - 270 VAC @ 47 - 63 Hz 2.2 amps maximum Dimensions H: 4.75” (12.1 cm) W: 17.5” (44.5 cm) D: 18” (45.7 cm) Weight 43 lbs (19.
Introduction 1.2.7 Standards Compliance • • ITU I.361 ATM Layer ATM Forum UNI 3.0 1.2.8 Safety Compliance • • • US: UL 1950 Canada: CSA 22.2 No. 950-M89 Europe: EN 60950 1.2.9 Emissions Compliance • • • FCC Part 15, Class A CISPR 22, Class A VCCI, Class 1 1.2.10 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) The following all comprise EN 50082-1: • • • 1.
Introduction 1-8
CHAPTER 2 Installing the 9A000 This chapter contains the procedures for installing the 9A000. The installation of the SFCS series is covered in Chapter 3. 2.1 Installing the 9A000 To install the Cabletron 9A000, follow the steps below: 1. Switch off the power supplies and remove all power from the MMAC-Plus chassis. 2. Remove the blank panels, covering the slots that the module is being mounted in.
Installing the 9A000 7 K N LF 8 K N LF K N LF 10 RX K N LF N SI TX 11 RX K N LF N SI TX 12 RX Jack for ESD wrist strap Metal Back-Panel Circuit Card Card Guides Warning: Ensure that the circuit card is between the card guides. Lock down the top and bottom plastic tabs at the same time, applying even pressure. Figure 2.
Installing the 9A000 2.2 The Reset Switch The Reset switch is located on the rightmost front panel, under the top plastic tab as shown in Figure 2.2. It serves two functions: • Pressing the reset switch twice within three seconds causes the processor (i960) to reset. • Pressing and holding the switch on for three or more seconds causes the module to shutdown. Pressing and holding again for three seconds restarts the module. SNMP management may be used to disable this switch to enhance module security.
Installing the 9A000 2-4
CHAPTER 3 Switch Hardware Cabletron Systems offers a full line of ATM products that work together to provide a complete ATM network solution. The Cabletron SFCS-200WG ATM switch provide high-performance ATM connectivity for LAN workgroup and desktop applications. The SFCS-200BX ATM switch and the SFCS-1000 ATM switch offer high reliability and port density for LAN backbone and LAN/ WAN internetworking applications.
Switch Hardware 3.1 Switch Hardware Configurations The SFCS-200WG, as shown in Figure 3.1, is a self-contained ATM switch that provides an Ethernet connection for network management access. The SFCS-200WG ATM switch hardware consists of a single switch board with an i960 SCP, network modules, and fans. These components work together to provide ATM switching capabilities, as well as distributed connection setup and management.
Switch Hardware SecureFast SFCSSFCS-200BX SYS 5 VOLT 5 VOLT RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 RX1 RX2 RX3 TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4 TX1 TX2 TX3 RX1 TX1 Tx C RESET SER RX2 RX3 RX4 TX2 TX3 TX4 Rx L RX1 TX1 Tx C PWR RESET ETH NEXT SELECT SER TX4 RX2 RX3 RX4 TX2 TX3 TX4 Rx L ETH RX4 PWR NEXT SELECT Figure 3.2 - SFCS-200BX Switch Configuration The SFCS-1000, as shown in Figure 3.3, is a self-contained ATM switch that provides an Ethernet connection for network management access.
Switch Hardware C A C A C A C A NEXT NEXT TX3 RX3 RX4 RX3 RX4 TX3 TX4 TX3 RX4 TX3 TX4 RX3 TX3 TX4 TX3 SELECT COL RX POL LI ETH TX4 RX3 RX4 SELECT TX4 RX3 RX4 SELECT TX4 RX3 RX4 TX3 TX4 RX4 Rx L Rx L SELECT RX3 Rx L NEXT RX2 RX1 ETH ETH Rx L TX3 Tx C RX2 Tx C RX2 Tx C RX2 ETH NEXT TX4 RX3 RX4 SER SER Tx C AL2 ETH TX2 TX1 RX1 RX2 SER TX1 TX2 RESET RX1 RESET TX1 TX2 TX1 TX2 RX1 RX2 RX1 RESET TX1 TX2 TX1 TX2 RX1 RX2 RX1 SER TX1 TX2 RESET AL1 AL2
Switch Hardware 3.2 Switch Hardware Components 3.2.1 Switch Board The switch board (also referred to as the “switch fabric”) contains the VPI/ VCI lookup tables and routing circuitry to ensure that a cell received from an input port is correctly switched to one or more output ports. The SFCS200WG, and the SFCS-200BX each come with one switch board. The SFCS-1000 can be populated with as many as four switch boards.
Switch Hardware 3.2.2.1 i960 Switch Control Processor The front panel of an i960 SCP for the SFCS-200WG, SFCS-200BX, and the SFCS-1000 includes the following features: a RESET button, an RS-232 serial port, an Ethernet 10BaseT port, a NEXT pushbutton, a SELECT pushbutton, a display LED, and a power LED. All of the features are illustrated in Figure 3.4 and are described in detail in the subsections that follow. Tx C RESET SER Rx L ETH PWR NEXT SELECT Figure 3.
Switch Hardware Table 1.1 describes the RS-232 serial port pinouts that are illustrated in Figure 3.5. Table 3.1 - RS-232 Serial Port Pinouts Pin Number Signal Mnemonic Signal Name 1 DCD Data Carrier Detect 2 RXD Receive Data 3 TXD Transmit Data 4 DTR Data Terminal Ready 5 GND Signal Ground 6 DSR Data Set Ready 7 RTS Request to Send 8 CTS Clear to Send 9 Not Used 3.2.2.1.
Switch Hardware 3.2.2.1.4 CTL Port A control port inside the SCP, referred to in the switch software as the CTL port, is a logical (not physical) location where cells that are directed to the SCP itself are sent. The CTL port has two roles, serving as both a host and a switch board controller. All signalling from the switch host and every attached host must interact with the switch board controller. 3.2.2.1.
Switch Hardware 3.2.2.1.8 Power LED The power LED that is located to the right of the display LED on the front panel of the SCP reflects the current state of power to the SCP. Table 1.4 lists the states of the power LED and their meanings. Table 3.4 - Power LED Description LED Color Meaning red The SCP has power, but has failed. (The individual SCP, not the entire switch, has not passed self-diagnostics.) green The SCP is powered up and is in good status. off There is no power to the SCP.
Switch Hardware For example, according to this notation, the fourth port on a network module in slot B of switch board #2 is port 2B4. Figure 3.6 illustrates how the ports of various network modules, located in switch board #4 of an SFCS-1000, for example, would be numbered.
Switch Hardware 3.2.4 Power Supply Modules The SFCS-200BX and the SFCS-1000 each come with two removable power supply modules. In the event of a single power supply failure, the power supply indicator LED(s) on the front panel of the supplies will indicate the failed supply. The failed power supply can be removed and replaced while the other supply continues to provide power to the enclosure. In this manner, a single power supply failure will not cause the switch to stop functioning. WARNING! 3.2.4.
Switch Hardware 3.2.4.2 SFCS-1000 AC Power Supply (Model A) The model A AC power supply for an SFCS-1000 is shown in Figure 3.7. AC 48V DC 5VDC OK SHUTDOWN CAUTION: This unit has more than one power cord. To reduce the risk of electric shock, disconnect two power supply cords b servicing. ATTENTION: Cet appareil comporte plus d’un cordon d’alimentation. Afin de prevenir les chocs electriques, debrancherles 2 cordons d’alimentation avant de faire le depannage.
Switch Hardware 3.2.4.2.1 Power Supply LEDs There are four LEDs on the front panel of the model A SFCS-1000 AC power supply which indicate the status of the power supply. The LEDs and their functions are described in the following table: Table 3.5 - SFCS-1000 Power Supply LED Descriptions 3.2.4.2.
Switch Hardware If a model A power supply goes into shutdown, it will remain shut down until the power switch is turned off and turned on again (power cycle). The power switch must remain off long enough for the SHUTDOWN LED to extinguish (this allows the capacitors to discharge). WARNING! A replacement AC power supply should never be placed in an SFCS-1000 that already contains a DC power supply, and vice-versa.
Switch Hardware 3.2.4.3 SFCS-1000 AC Power Supply (Model B) The model B AC power supply for an SFCS-1000 is shown in Figure 3.8. ON/OFF Switch 100 - 120V ~ 200 - 240V ~ 50 - 60Hz T15A 250V T15A 250V PWR OK FAULT Handle Captive fasteners TEMP I LIM CAUTION: This unit has more than one power cord. To reduce the risk of electric shock, disconnect two power supply cords b servicing. ATTENTION: Cet appareil comporte plus d’un cordon d’alimentation.
Switch Hardware 3.2.4.3.1 Power Supply LEDs There are four LEDs on the front panel of the model B SFCS-1000 AC power supply which indicate the status of the power supply. The LEDs and their functions are described in the following table: Table 3.6 - SFCS-1000 Power Supply LED Descriptions 3.2.4.3.
Switch Hardware If a model B power supply goes into shutdown, it remains turned off until the fault condition is rectified. At that point, the power supply restarts itself, except in the case of an overvoltage condition. To recover from a shutdown caused by an overvoltage state, the AC line input must be turned off for at least one second. WARNING! A replacement AC power supply should never be placed in an SFCS-1000 that already contains a DC power supply, and vice-versa.
Switch Hardware 3.2.5 SFCS-1000 Fan Tray The SFCS-1000 comes with a removable fan tray. The speed of each fan is monitored by circuitry in the CEC, and is available via SNMP. In this manner, the failure of any fan can be detected immediately. The fan tray is hot-swappable, and the entire tray may be replaced in the event of a single or multiple fan failure. Please refer to Chapter 3, Hardware Maintenance Procedures, for information about how to hot-swap a fan tray.
Switch Hardware 3.2.7 SFCS-1000 Common Equipment Card (CEC) The CEC provided with the SFCS-1000 performs several functions. Because each SCP contains an Ethernet port, a major function of the CEC is to provide a single, unified Ethernet port connection for all of the SCPs. The CEC is also responsible for monitoring the environmental conditions of the switch and reporting this information to the SCPs.
Switch Hardware The alarm relay contacts are normally closed when there is no power to the switch. The user can attach alarm circuits to these contacts to trigger an external alarm in the case of an alarm condition on the switch. The user can define AL1 and AL2 as major and minor alarm indicators and can display which condition is alarming through the use of AMI.
Switch Hardware 3.2.7.3 CEC Status LEDs This subsection discusses the meaning of the status LEDs on the CEC of the SFCS-1000 switch. The LEDs have been designed to provide information pertaining to the state of the switch at a glance. PS2 SW4 AL1 SW2 AL2 SW1 PS1 SW3 Figure 3.11 - CEC Status LEDs There are eight status LEDs located on the front panel of the CEC in a 2 row x 4 column arrangement.
Switch Hardware 3.2.7.3.2 Power Supply LEDs There are two power supply LEDs on the front panel of the CEC, one for each power supply. The LEDs for the two power supplies should be illuminated yellow, indicating that the CEC is on and that the power supply corresponding to that LED is functioning correctly. The LED for a failed power supply will be extinguished.
Switch Hardware Table 3.8 - CEC Receive (RX) LED Description LED Color Meaning green The Ethernet port is receiving traffic normally. off The Ethernet port is NOT receiving traffic. Table 3.9 - CEC Link Integrity (LI) LED Description LED Color Meaning green The status of the twisted pair cable connected to the CEC Ethernet port is OK. off The Ethernet port is NOT receiving link integrity pulses. Check the integrity of the connection. Table 3.
Switch Hardware 3-24
CHAPTER 4 Switch Setup This chapter describes how to handle and set up a Cabletron ATM switch prior to its operation. 4.1 Introduction Before installing a Cabletron ATM switch, there are several important factors that must be taken into consideration, depending on the type of installation site. The following sections discuss in detail how to install a Cabletron ATM switch and any prerequisites to the installation. NOTE: 4.
Switch Setup 4.2.1 Inventorying the Unit A complete inventory of the Cabletron ATM switch package should be performed before any power is supplied to the unit.
Switch Setup 4.3 Electrical Considerations The following items should be considered when setting up the switch: CAUTION Consideration should be given to the connection of the equipment to the supply circuit and the effect that the overloading of circuits could have on overcurrent protection and supply wiring. Appropriate consideration of equipment nameplate ratings should be used when addressing this concern. CAUTION Reliable grounding of rack-mounted equipment should be maintained.
Switch Setup 4.4 Rack-Mounting an SFCS-200BX The SFCS-200BX is designed to be installed either as a stand-alone unit placed on the desktop, or as a rack-mounted unit using the included rack-mount kit (refer to section 4.2.1). The following items should be addressed when rackmounting this switch: 4.4.1 WARNING! When rack-mounting equipment, make sure that a hazardous condition is not created due to uneven weight distribution.
Switch Setup 4.4.2 Installing the Rack-mount Brackets To install the rack-mount brackets and cable relief strain rail, use the following procedure: 1. Carefully place the SFCS-200BX unit upside down on a clean, flat, sturdy work surface with the front of the unit still facing front. 2. Using a Phillips screwdriver, remove the four feet from the bottom of the unit. 3. Each rack-mount bracket has three screws that secure the bracket to the bottom of the unit.
Switch Setup 4-6 NOTE: The SFCS-200BX is an operational ATM switch at this point if used with other Cabletron switches or with ATM interface cards. However, if other vendor equipment is connected, you may have to complete an initial user configuration. NOTE: If you wish to have remote access to the switch, you must first install a serial cable and configure a modem. Please refer to subsections 4.7 and 4.8 for more information.
Switch Setup 4.5 Rack-Mounting an SFCS-200WG The SFCS-200WG is designed to be installed either as a stand-alone unit placed on the desktop, or as a rack-mounted unit using the optional rackmount kit (refer to section 4.2.1), which may be purchased separately. The following items should be addressed when rack-mounting this switch: 4.5.1 WARNING! When rack-mounting equipment, make sure that a hazardous condition is not created due to uneven weight distribution.
Switch Setup 4.5.2 Installing the Rack-mount Brackets To install the rack-mount brackets and cable relief strain rail, use the following procedure: 1. Carefully place the SFCS-200WG unit upside down on a clean, flat, sturdy work surface with the front of the unit still facing front. 2. Using a Phillips screwdriver, remove the four feet from the bottom of the unit. 3. Each rack-mount bracket has three screws that secure the bracket to the bottom of the unit.
Switch Setup NOTE: The SFCS-200WG is an operational ATM switch at this point if used with other Cabletron switches or with ATM interface cards. However, if other vendor equipment is connected, you may have to complete an initial user configuration. NOTE: If you wish to have remote access to the switch, you must first install a serial cable and configure a modem. Please refer to subsections 4.7 and 4.8 for more information.
Switch Setup 4.6 Rack-Mounting an SFCS-1000 The SFCS-1000 switch is designed to be rack-mounted. The following items should be addressed when rack-mounting this switch: 4-10 WARNING! When rack-mounting equipment, make sure that a hazardous condition is not created due to uneven weight distribution. CAUTION Cabletron Systems recommends that the maximum operating temperature not exceed 40˚C.
Switch Setup 4.6.1 Installing the SFCS-1000 To install the SFCS-1000 in the equipment rack, use the following procedure: 1. Choose a rack position for the SFCS-1000. WARNING! 2. Place the SFCS-1000 in the rack with the front of the unit facing forward. CAUTION 3. Because of the unit’s weight, two people should lift the unit to place it in the equipment rack. When it is mounted in the equipment rack, do not use the SFCS-1000 chassis to support other equipment.
Switch Setup 4.7 Installing the Serial Cable Connect the serial cable (supplied with the switch) from the switch’s serial port to any tty-type device (such as a terminal, or the serial port of a workstation or PC running a terminal emulation program). NOTE: The switch’s tty port comes configured at 9600 baud, 8 bits, no parity and 1 stop bit. When you turn on the switch, you should see the switch boot on the tty device connected to the switch’s serial port.
Switch Setup 4.8 Modem Configuration All Cabletron ATM switches support modem access. This may be useful if a switch is installed in a remote location where direct, physical access to the switch is not possible or practical. Keep the following in mind when using a modem to access a Cabletron ATM switch: • To allow the Cabletron ATM switch to communicate with the modem, a Null-Modem Adapter must be installed on the factory-supplied serial cable.
Switch Setup 4.9 Configuring IP Addresses The recommended configuration for a Cabletron ATM switch is to assign an IP address to its network interfaces. This allows you to communicate with the switch from any workstation connected to your ATM LAN. IP addresses must be assigned to the network interfaces in order to perform any SNMP functions. Additionally, if you intend to connect the switch to an Ethernet, you should assign an IP address to the switch’s Ethernet network interface.
Switch Setup 4.10 AMI Security The administrative password on your Cabletron ATM switch may be changed to provide password-protected access to AMI. Cabletron Systems recommends that you do this to prevent unauthorized users from accessing your Cabletron ATM switch. This option is available in AMI at the operation level. Be sure that you want to change the password because upon entering the command string operation password, the user is prompted to enter a new password immediately.
Switch Setup 4.12 Verifying the Installation To verify that your switch is up and running, log in to AMI and open a session on the switch. Enter the following parameters at the localhost::> prompt to show the configuration of all of the ports on an individual switch fabric: configuration port show 4.
CHAPTER 5 Hardware Maintenance Procedures This chapter discusses various hardware maintenance procedures for the Cabletron ATM switches. Items discussed include the following: • • • • • Network Module Replacement Power Supply Replacement Fan Tray Replacement Switch Control Processor Replacement Switch Board Replacement 5.1 Network Module Replacement 5.1.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5.1.2 Multicast Mode When hot-inserting or hot-swapping a network module, the mode in which the switch is running must also be considered. A Cabletron 200 Series switch can operate in one of two multicast modes: extended mode or non-extended mode. • Extended mode - The added features of Series C network modules give Cabletron switches greater flexibility when choosing VCIs for multicast connections.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5.1.3 Hot-swapping Network Modules When removing or replacing network modules, use the following procedure: WARNING! To reduce risk to the user and to prevent damage to equipment, it is recommended that you use the included grounding strap when handling this or any other component. NOTE: All AMI sessions should be terminated before hot-swapping network modules of different types. 1. Label and remove all network connections from the ports on the network module. 2.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5.2 Power Supply Module Replacement The power supplies in the SFCS-200BX and the SFCS-1000 are hot-swappable, meaning that they can be removed/replaced without having to shut down the switch. WARNING! 5.2.1 DO NOT attempt to replace a power supply module without reading this section. Serious injury to the user or damage to the equipment may result if proper replacement procedures are not followed. SFCS-200BX Power Supply Module Replacement 5.2.1.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures WARNING! Failure to perform Step 2 can result in serious injury to the user or damage to the equipment. 2. Turn OFF the power switch on the front of the defective power supply. 3. Unplug and remove the power cord from the rear of the unit that corresponds to the failed supply. When facing the front of the unit, power supply 1 (on the left) corresponds to the top power cord in the rear. 4.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5.2.2 SFCS-1000 Power Supply Module Replacement 5.2.2.1 Replacing an SFCS-1000 AC Power Supply (Model A) A model A AC power supply module for an SFCS-1000 is shown in Figure 3.2. AC 48V DC 5VDC OK SHUTDOWN CAUTION: This unit has more than one power cord. To reduce the risk of electric shock, disconnect two power supply cords beCabletron servicing. ATTENTION: Cet appareil comporte plus d’un cordon d’alimentation.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures The procedure for hot-swapping a model A SFCS-1000 AC power supply is as follows: WARNING! A replacement DC power supply should never be placed in an SFCS-1000 that already contains an AC power supply, and vice-versa. If these instructions are not heeded, there is a risk of electrical shock, danger to personal health, and serious damage to the equipment. WARNING! It is highly recommended that you use the included grounding strap when handling this or any other component.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures WARNING! Failure to perform Steps 6 or 7 can result in serious injury to the user or damage to the equipment. 6. Ensure that the power switch on the new power supply is turned OFF before inserting it into the enclosure. 7. Ensure that the fuses on the new unit are rated at 12.5A, 250V. 8. Carefully align the guide rails on the new AC power supply in the slot. 9. Push on the center of the front panel of the power supply to slide it back into the enclosure. 10.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5.2.2.2 Replacing an SFCS-1000 AC Power Supply (Model B) A model B AC power supply module for an SFCS-1000 is shown in Figure 3.3. ON/OFF Switch 100 - 120V ~ 200 - 240V ~ 50 - 60Hz T15A 250V T15A 250V PWR OK FAULT Handle Captive fasteners TEMP I LIM CAUTION: This unit has more than one power cord. To reduce the risk of electric shock, disconnect two power supply cords beCabletron servicing. ATTENTION: Cet appareil comporte plus d’un cordon d’alimentation.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures The procedure for replacing a model B SFCS-1000 AC power supply module is as follows: WARNING! A replacement DC power supply should never be placed in an SFCS-1000 that already contains an AC power supply, and vice-versa. If these instructions are not heeded, there is a risk of electrical shock, danger to personal health, and serious damage to the equipment.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5. Pull forward on the power supply’s handle (located below the power switch and AC plug) to remove it from the chassis. 6. Set the failed supply aside and prepare to install the new one. WARNING! Failure to perform Steps 7 or 8 can result in serious injury to the user or damage to the equipment. 7. Ensure that the power switch on the new AC power supply is turned OFF before inserting the supply into the metal enclosure. 8.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5.3 SFCS-1000 Fan Tray Replacement The SFCS-1000 has a removable fan tray with large fans that cool the switch hardware and power supply modules. Located at the base of the upright unit, the fan tray is removable from the front of the unit and is hot-swappable, meaning that it can be replaced with the SFCS-1000 under power. The procedure for replacing a fan tray is as follows: WARNING! 1.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5.4 Switch Control Processor Replacement The following procedure explains how to remove an i960 switch control processor (SCP) from a switch fabric and install a new SCP. WARNING! It is highly recommended that you use the included grounding strap when handling this or any other component. CAUTION Do not attempt to remove or replace an SCP without first removing all connections to the SCP (i.e., serial or Ethernet connections). 1.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures CAUTION Take care to properly align the SCP in the card guides in the following step. 4. Insert the new SCP into the switch fabric by sliding it into the card guides. 5. Push firmly to seat the SCP so that its faceplate is flush with the front panel of the switch board. 6. Re-tighten the captive fasteners with a straight screwdriver to ensure the SCP is secure.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5.5 Switch Board Replacement The switch boards in the SFCS-1000 are hot-swappable, meaning that they can be removed and replaced with the chassis under power. The proper procedure for hot-swapping a switch board is as follows: WARNING! It is highly recommended that you use the included grounding strap when handling this, or any other component. CAUTION Ensure that any unpopulated switch board slots are covered with a blank panel before turning on your SFCS-1000.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5-16 NOTE: To ensure that the switch will work with the previously established network configuration, the relative position of the network modules must not change when you transfer them to the new fabric. For example, an OC-3c network module that is removed from slot A of the old switch fabric must be installed in slot A of the new switch fabric. Therefore, it is recommended that you label all network connections and network modules before removing them.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures CAUTION Make sure the replacement board is properly aligned in the slot in the next step. 6. Carefully slide the replacement board into the chassis using enough force to ensure that the connectors on the board mate with the connectors in the chassis. 7. Be sure to align the holes properly and screw the board into the chassis using the screws at the top and bottom of the board. Tighten until snug, but do not overtighten. 8.
Hardware Maintenance Procedures 5-18
CHAPTER 6 Software Upgrade Instructions This chapter details the steps necessary to upgrade the software on your Cabletron ATM switch. Some instructions in this chapter are only necessary under certain conditions—check the following before you proceed: • If, after performing the upgrade, you wish to continue using an older version of software on your switch, you must read Section 6.4.
Software Upgrade Instructions 6.1 Obtaining the Software Upgrade File via Diskette Using the Cabletron Systems distribution diskettes, the upgrade software must be installed on a workstation attached (via Ethernet or ATM) to the SCP being upgraded. The first disk contains a part of the distribution software, as well as a script that extracts the remaining software from the rest of the disks and builds the upgrade distribution on the workstation.
Software Upgrade Instructions Execute the fore_extract script with the following command: ./fore_extract Once again, is the block device name of the floppy drive. You will be asked to insert the remaining disks in sequence.
Software Upgrade Instructions 6.2 Performing the Software Upgrade To perform the software upgrade, you will use the operation upgrade command in AMI. The underlying file transfer mechanism used by this command is TFTP. If TFTP is to run properly between two machines, the file(s) being transferred must reside in a specific directory called “tftpboot.” TFTP operates this way for security reasons.
Software Upgrade Instructions NOTE: If you obtained the upgrade file via ftp, path to remotefile is the name of uncompressed file. If you obtained the from diskette, full path to remotefile is path name printed during extraction. full the file the For example, if you used ftp, you would enter something similar to the following: operation upgrade 169.144.3.54:asx-scp_4.0.0_1.3 If you extracted the file from diskette, you would enter something similar to the following: operation upgrade 169.144.3.
Software Upgrade Instructions To use the new version of software that you have just loaded, type y and press or simply press to reboot. Reboot the switch[y]? y Once the SCP reboots, you will be closed out of all active sessions on the SCP. You will need to log in to AMI again if you want to begin another session.
Software Upgrade Instructions 6.3 Changing between Multiple Versions of Software It is possible to select between multiple versions of installed software at any time (not just during an upgrade procedure). You can display all the versions that are installed by typing the following: localhost::operation flash> dir FT330.35 CURRENT FT340.11 However, in this list, CURRENT is simply a pointer to the version that will be used as the current switch software AFTER a reboot.
Software Upgrade Instructions At this point, the switch is still running FT330.35, but CURRENT is pointing to FT340.11. To make the change complete, enter the following: localhost::operation> reboot Are you sure you want to reboot this switch [n]? y When the SCP reboots, it will look to see which version that CURRENT is specifying. In this case, it will see FT340.11 and use that version.
Software Upgrade Instructions 6.4 Using bootp to Download Software to the Switch NOTE: 6.4.1 Section 6.5 needs to be performed only if your SCP fails to boot from its FLASH. Overview Each SCP on a Cabletron switch comes with its hardware address (Ethernet MAC address) burned in from the factory, but it does not come preconfigured with an IP address. Any time that the switch is turned on, the SCP attempts to boot from its FLASH memory. If an SCP can not boot from its FLASH (e.g.
Software Upgrade Instructions Before any of the above changes can take effect, inetd must re-read the configuration file. NOTE: If you need to set up a tftpboot server, as described in Section 6.5.4, the following process is not necessary at this time. Instead, make inetd re-read its configuration file after setting up your server. Determine the process number of inetd by entering the following: host: ps -aux | grep inetd Something similar to the following will be displayed: root 216 0.0 0.
Software Upgrade Instructions NOTE: Make sure the last line added to bootptab ends in a colon (:) and not a backslash (\). Otherwise, that line will merge with the next entry, causing your switch to cycle in its attempts to find a bootp server. The variables in the previous example are defined as follows: myswitch Indicates the name you have assigned to your SCP. ht Indicates the hardware type. For the purposes of switch software image loading, this is ether (stands for Ethernet).
Software Upgrade Instructions 6.4.4 Setting Up a tftpboot Server To set up a tftpboot server, on a SunOS 4.1.x system, perform the following steps: NOTE: 1. This procedure only has to be done the first time that the switch is turned on and each SCP is upgraded. The next time that the software is upgraded, put the upgrade file in /tftpboot. In /etc/inetd.conf, uncomment the last line shown below so that the file appears as follows: # # Tftp service is provided primarily for booting.
APPENDIX A Troubleshooting The troubleshooting tests detailed in this appendix will clearly indicate and identify the most common problems in establishing ATM networks. Therefore, before calling Cabletron Systems’ Technical Support, perform these tests to correct or at least pinpoint the problem. If you need to call Technical Support, please have the results of these tests ready, in addition to the information requested in Section A.3, when reporting your problem. A.
Troubleshooting Start Looptest passed? Test the software as in Figure A.3. y n Self-test passed? Tried reseating the board? n y n Reseat the board. y Call Cabletron. Firmware download successful? n Call Cabletron. y Run netstat -i. Has driver detected presence of HW? y Is firmware running correctly? n Tried reseating the board? y Call Cabletron. Reseat the board. y Call Cabletron. n Tried rebooting the system? n Reboot the system. y y Run atmstat -d.
Troubleshooting A.1.1 Run Looptest To determine if an interface is functioning properly, run the looptest utility on a host that has been disconnected and isolated from the network. NOTE: Before running looptest, the Receive and Transmit connectors on the backplate of the card must be connected to each other using a short loop of fiber-optic cable. This fiber should remain on throughout this test. The looptest utility uses Cabletron Systems’ ATM user-level Application Programming Interface.
Troubleshooting A.1.2 Check Self-Test (Automatically Performed) During a system boot, the ATM adapter automatically performs a self-test of the hardware, running a low-level diagnostic which checks memory read/write capability. Upon completion of the self-test, a message is printed to the console of the workstation indicating whether or not the hardware failed. If the self-test is successful, proceed to the instructions regarding the firmware download as described in the next subsection.
Troubleshooting A.1.4 Hardware Detected by Driver To determine if the driver software on the host has detected the presence of an ATM adapter board, issue the following command once the host system has come up completely: netstat -i If the driver has located the ATM board, the screen output shows fa0 in response to the netstat command. If there is more than one adapter card, the next board will be named fa1, and so on. If you have configured a Classical IP interface, this will also be shown.
Troubleshooting A.1.5 Check Firmware To check whether or not the firmware is running correctly, issue the following command: atmstat fa0 1 In this command, the last parameter “1”, causes the command to be repeated at one-second intervals.
Troubleshooting A.1.6 Check Physical Link To see the carrier state of the board, issue the following command: atmstat -d fa0 The -d option displays device statistics in the following format: Device statistics: Buffer Allocation Failures Type 1 Type 2 Small Large Small Large 0 0 0 0 Receive Queue Full 0 Carrier ON If ON is displayed in the Carrier field, then the physical link is fine.
Troubleshooting A.2 Testing Network Connectivity Using PVCs The network connectivity tests require that two ATM adapters be connected to an ATM switch fabric with PVCs (as shown in Figure A.2). The carrier lights should be extinguished on the adapters and on the switch fabric, indicating that the fibers are OK. Local Host Run ping IP ATM Switch Remote Host Run atmstat fa0 1 Figure A.2 - Hardware Configuration for Checking PVCs The network connectivity test suite, shown in Figure A.
n A Call Cabletron. y Correct? B A n n y Correct? Verify VPI/VCI of incoming ARP entry on remote ws. y Correct? Verify PVC on switch. Cells and VPI/VCI errors received by remote. Have network manager Call Cabletron. check IP configuration. n Verify PVC on switch. y Run atmstat fa0 1. Are cells going out the local interface? No cells received by remote end. y Verify outgoing ATM ARP cache entry? Run atmarp -a. n n Call Cabletron. y Same? n y Correct? Call Cabletron.
Troubleshooting This test sequence requires that the switch fabric be configured with a valid PVC and the endstations to have the proper IP configuration and ATM ARP cache entries. The tests in Figure A.3 assume that there is no IP connectivity between the two endstations. The lack of an IP connection is checked by trying a ping and getting no response (ping failed). The tests in Figure A.
Troubleshooting A.2.1 Verifying the Outgoing ATM ARP Entry To verify the outgoing ATM ARP cache entry for the endstation originating the ping, enter the following command on the host: atmarp -a The following is an example of a typical ATM ARP cache display: Outgoing connections: fa0: ws2-atm (198.29.21.74): vpi.vci=0.100 aal=5 switch.port=-.flags=(PVC) encapsulation=NULL peak rate=(unlimited) fa0: ws3-atm (198.29.21.94): vpi.vci=0.200 aal=5 switch.port=-.
Troubleshooting A.2.2 atmstat To determine a particular failure state, enter the following command on the remote workstation while continuously pinging: atmstat fa0 1 PHY/ATM/AAL statistics: Output Input Errors ATM AAL* ATM AAL* 4B5B 4B5B ATM AAL* Cells CS-PDUs Cells CS-PDUs Framing Hdr-CRC VPI/VCI Pay-CRC 161747 153692 142289 134685 0 0 20 0 AAL* Proto 0 The failure states are determined by examining the output from the atmstat fa0 1 command string.
Troubleshooting A.2.2.1 No Cells Received by Remote End If no cells are received by the remote end (the Input ATM Cells field displays zero), then run the following command on the local machine to verify that cells are going out to the ATM interface: atmstat fa0 1 If there are no cells going out (the ATM Output Cells field shows zero), then there is most likely an IP routing problem rather than an ATM problem. Please have your network administrator check the IP configuration.
Troubleshooting A.2.2.4 Cells and No Errors Received by Remote and Transmitting No Cells If the remote workstation is receiving cells with no errors, but is not transmitting any cells, then either the outgoing IP address on the remote end is incorrect or the IP encapsulation does not match on both ends. (A Classical IP PVC uses LLC/SNAP encapsulation while a regular PVC uses AAL5-based, Multiplexing-based (NULL) encapsulation). First, check the outgoing IP address on the remote end using atmarp -a.
Troubleshooting A.3 Collecting Additional Information Once basic adapter installation and network connectivity have been tested, this section explains how to obtain all of the additional information that you need to have ready before calling Cabletron Systems Technical Support. This information should exist either on-line (by redirecting the output to a file) or in hard copy form. A.3.
Troubleshooting NOTE: The assumed adapter name in the examples is fa0. On your particular system, the adapter may have a different designation. To check the name of your adapter, use the command: netstat -in. uname -a IRIX beluga 5.3 11091812 IP22 mips ifconfig fa0 fa0: flags=863 inet 198.29.38.206 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 198.29.38.255 netstat -nr Routing tables Destination 127.0.0.1 198.29.24.0 default 198.29.16.0 204.95.89.0 198.29.25.0 198.29.26.
Troubleshooting netstat -in Name Mtu ec0 1500 fa0 9188 qaa0 9180 qaa1*9180 qaa2*9180 qaa3*9180 lo0 8304 Network 192.88.243 198.29.38 198.29.22 none none none 127 Address 192.88.243.171 198.29.38.206 198.29.22.206 none none none 127.0.0.1 Ipkts Ierrs 1173050 39926 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32048 0 Opkts Oerrs Coll 509363 0 107115 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32048 0 0 adinfo fa0 FORE Systems Release: ForeThought_3.0.1b (1.20) fa0: esa-200 media=4b5b-100 hw=1.0.0 fw=2.3.
Troubleshooting A.3.
Troubleshooting asxmon ASX-200 switch up 3:35, 17 ports (9 active), software 2.3.5, hardware 1.1 port name uptime VPs/max VCs/max Kb/s free max total Mb B1 198.29.22.34 2:57 1/1 5/5 0 0 140000 847 B2 198.29.22.18 3:35 1/1 3/3 0 0 140000 141 C1 198.29.22.27 3:35 1/1 4/4 0 0 140000 83035 C2 198.29.22.3 3:35 1/1 4/4 0 0 140000 11 D1 198.29.22.2 3:35 1/1 2/2 0 0 100000 11 D2 198.29.22.11 3:35 1/1 3/3 0 0 100000 11 CTL 198.29.22.
Troubleshooting The following commands are run by logging in to AMI and opening a session on the switch fabric. Enter the following parameters at the prompt for the type of network modules that are installed in your switch fabric: configuration spans show Port 1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1D1 1D2 1D3 1D4 1CTL VPI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 State down down down up down down down down up Type uni uni uni uni uni uni uni uni uni CDVT 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 0 Action RemoteAddress tag tag tag tag 169.144.60.
Troubleshooting configuration uni30 show Port 1C1 1C2 1C3 1C4 1D2 1D3 1D4 1CTL VPI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 State down down down down down down down up ILMI down down down up down down down down UNIside network network network network network network network network Type auto auto auto auto auto auto auto auto OperType RemoteAddress privateUNI privateUNI privateUNI privateUNI 169.144.64.
Troubleshooting configuration port ds1 show Port Carrier Status Mode 1C1 no 0x60 hcs 1C2 no 0x60 hcs Framing ESF ESF Loopback ClockSource none internal none internal LineLength IdleCells Lt110 unassigned Lt110 unassigned configuration port sonet show Port 1A1 1A2 1A3 1A4 Width sts3c sts3c sts3c sts3c Carrier no no yes no Status 0x2 0x2 0x1 0x2 Line SMM SMM SMM SMM Mode sonet sonet sonet sonet Loopback none none none none ClockSource internal internal internal internal Scramb.
APPENDIX B SCP Diagnostics The tests provided in this section are very specific diagnostics that are only to be run if you have determined that there is a problem with your SCP. The diagnostics for the SFCS-200WG, SFCS-200BX, and SFCS-1000 are described first. B.1 SFCS-200WG, SFCS-200BX, SFCS-1000 Diagnostics If you have determined that there is a hardware problem on a switch control processor (SCP), run the SCP diagnostics that are available by connecting a terminal device to that SCP’s serial port.
SCP Diagnostics B.1.1 Accessing the Monitor Mode To access the Monitor mode on an i960 SCP to run these tests, perform the following steps: 1. Soft boot the SCP by pressing the RESET button on the front panel of the SCP. Because the RESET button was designed to avoid accidental resets, you will need to use a straightened paper clip to push the RESET button. 2. Press the SELECT button on the front panel of the SCP. The display LED will cycle through the following parameters: - 12:00 a.m.
SCP Diagnostics do [offset] ps [address] - download using Xmodem - single step through program, skipping procedure calls st [address] - single step through program go [address] - go from start, or continue from breakpoint fr address#times - display one or more real (32 bit) floating point numbers fl address#times - display one or more long real (64 bit) floating point numbers fx address#times - display one or more extended real (80 bit) floating point numbers da address#times - disassemble one or more ins
SCP Diagnostics B.1.
SCP Diagnostics B.1.2.3 DRAM Chip Test This test checks the functionality of a DRAM chip. It takes about two seconds to run. =>test-dc a DRAM chip: OK B.1.2.4 Ethernet Test This test checks the functionality of the Ethernet chip. It takes about two seconds to run. =>test-ethernet Ethernet: OK B.1.2.5 FLASH Test This test checks the functionality of each FLASH chip. It takes about five minutes to run. NOTE: It is recommended that you back up your CDB before running this test.
SCP Diagnostics . . Erase Chip Pattern 1 Erase Chip Pattern 2 Erase Chip Pattern 3 Flash: OK B.1.2.6 FLASH Chip Test This test checks the functionality of an individual FLASH chip. It takes about one and a half minutes to run. NOTE: =>test-fc 1 Save Chip 1 Erase Chip Pattern 0 Erase Chip Pattern 1 Erase Chip Pattern 2 Erase Chip Pattern 3 Flash: OK B-6 It is recommended that you back up your CDB before running this test. The chip is saved before it is tested and then restored.
SCP Diagnostics B.1.2.7 Serial Port Test This test checks the serial port’s functionality. It takes about two seconds to run. =>test-serial Serial: OK B.1.2.8 SRAM Test This test checks the SRAM’s functionality. It takes about two seconds to run. NOTE: It is recommended that you back up your CDB before running this test. The SRAM is saved before testing and then restored.
SCP Diagnostics B.1.2.11 Complete Hardware Test This series of tests checks the functionality of all of the hardware devices, in the SCP including the FLASH chips and SRAM. It takes about six minutes to run. NOTE: It is recommended that you back up your CDB before running this test. The chips are saved before testing each one and then restored. However, if a power failure would occur or if the switch were rebooted during the test, some of the data may not be restored properly.
APPENDIX C Hardware Specifications This appendix provides information about the hardware for all of Cabletron Systems’ ATM products. Information provided includes fiber-optic and UTP cabling specifications; pinout specifications; and hardware and general operating specifications. The products described in this appendix include the following: • Cabletron ATM Switches • ATM Network Modules • ATM Adapters C.
Hardware Specifications C.1.1 SFCS-200WG The SFCS-200WG ATM switch has the following specifications: Features Specification Switching Fabric 2.
Hardware Specifications C.1.2 SFCS-200BX The SFCS-200BX ATM switch has the following specifications: Features Specification Switching Fabric 2.
Hardware Specifications C.1.
Hardware Specifications C.2 ATM Network Modules The LAN and WAN network modules are the physical ATM port interface cards that provide LAN/WAN connectivity to other ATM switches, ATMcompatible desktop computers and servers, hubs, routers, multiplexers, and carrier ATM services. Currently, network modules are available to provide ATM connections ranging from 1.5 Mbps to 622 Mbps over both fiber-optic and copper media. This section details the technical specifications for each of the network modules.
Hardware Specifications C.2.2 155 Mbps OC-3c/STM-1 MM Module The following specifications apply to network modules NM-4/155MMSCC and NM-4/155MMSTC: Description C-6 Specification Port Capacity Four SONET/SDH ports per module Data Rate 155.52 Mbps Output Buffer 13,312 cell capacity Media Multimode fiber Max.
Hardware Specifications C.2.3 155 Mbps STS-3c/STM-1 UTP Module The following specifications apply to network modules NM-4/155UTP5EC and NM-4/155UTP5C: Description Specification Port Capacity Four SONET/SDH ports per module Data Rate 155.52 Mbps Output Buffer 2,560 or 13,312 cell capacity Media Category 5 Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Max.
Hardware Specifications C.2.3.1 155 Mbps UTP Pinout Specifications 155 Mbps UTP network modules have a standard RJ-45 female connector and use RJ-45 network equipment pinouts as illustrated in the table below: Pin Number Signal Mnemonic Signal Name 1 RX+ Receive Data + 2 RX- Receive Data - 3 Not Used 4 Not Used 5 Not Used 6 Not Used 7 TX+ Transmit Data + 8 TX- Transmit Data - C.2.3.
Hardware Specifications C.2.4 622 Mbps OC-12c/STM-4c MM Module The following specifications apply to network module NM-1/622MMSCC and NM-1/622MMSTC: Description Specification Port Capacity One SONET/SDH port per module Data Rate 622.08 Mbps Output Buffer 13,312 cell capacity Media Multimode fiber Max.
Hardware Specifications C.2.5 25 Mbps TP25 Module The following specifications apply to network module NM-6/25UTPEC: Description C-10 Specification Port Capacity Six TP25 ports per module Data Rate 25.6 Mbps Output Buffer 2,560 cell capacity Media Cat. 3, 4, or 5 Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Max.
Hardware Specifications C.2.5.1 Connecting Switches with TP25 Network Modules The TP25 network modules have a standard RJ45 connector that uses pins 1, 2, 7 and 8. When connecting switches using TP25 network modules, you will need to use a UTP crossover cable with the following specification: • Pin 1 to pin 7 in both directions. • Pin 2 to pin 8 in both directions. TP25 Pin RX+ RX- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 TX+ TXC.2.5.
Hardware Specifications C.2.5.3 Connecting Adapters with Token Ring Pinouts to Cabletron Switches Like switches, some adapters use different pin assignments than those mentioned before. Connecting one of these adapters to a Cabletron Switch would require the connections to be mapped as follows: • • • • Pin 3 to pin 1 in both directions. Pin 4 to pin 7 in both directions. Pin 5 to pin 8 in both directions. Pin 6 to pin 2 in both directions.
Hardware Specifications C.2.6 34 Mbps E3 Module The following specifications apply to network modules NM-2/E3C and NM-4/E3C: Description Specification Port Capacity Two or four E3 ports per module Data Rate 34.368 Mbps Output Buffer 13,312 cell capacity Media Coaxial Max. Line Length ~450 ft Connector BNC Line Encoding HDB3 Framing Per ITU-T G.832 or G.
Hardware Specifications C.2.7 45 Mbps DS3 Module The following specifications apply to network modules NM-2/DS3C and NM-4/DS3C: Description C-14 Specification Port Capacity Two or four DS3 ports per module Data Rate 44.736 Mbps Output Buffer 13,312 cell capacity Media Coaxial Max.
Hardware Specifications C.2.8 155 Mbps OC-3c/STM-1 SM Module The following specifications apply to network modules NM-4/155SMSRC and NM-4/155SMLRC: Description Specification Port Capacity Four SONET/SDH ports per module Data Rate 155.52 Mbps Output Buffer 13,312 cell capacity Media Short or long reach single mode fiber Max.
Hardware Specifications C.2.9 155 Mbps OC-3c/STM-1 3MM/1SM Module The 155 Mbps OC-3c/STM-1 3MM/1SM network module contains one SONET/SDH single mode port (port 4) and three SONET/SDH multimode ports (ports 1, 2, and 3) per module. The following specifications apply to port 4 on network modules NM4/155SR3SCC and NM-4/155LR3SCC: Description C-16 Specification Data Rate 155.52 Mbps Output Buffer 13,312 cell capacity Media Short or long reach single mode fiber Max.
Hardware Specifications The following specifications apply to ports 1, 2, and 3 on network modules NM-4/155SR3SCC and NM-4/155LR3SCC: Description Specification Data Rate 155.52 Mbps Output Buffer 13,312 cell capacity Media Multimode fiber Max.
Hardware Specifications C.2.10 622 Mbps OC-12c/STM-4c SM Module The following specifications apply to network module NM-1/622SMIRC: Description C-18 Specification Port Capacity One SONET/SDH port per module Data Rate 622.08 Mbps Output Buffer 13,312 cell capacity Media Single mode fiber Max.
Hardware Specifications C.3 ATM Adapters The family of ATM adapters provides a flexible ATM interface for the communications needs of today’s high-speed workstations and personal computers. C.3.1 Adapter Cabling Specifications C.3.1.1 Fiber-Optic Cable Specifications The table below lists the recommended cable specifications for all ATM adapters that use fiber-optic cabling to ensure optimal adapter and switch performance: Description Specification for Multimode Products Core Diameter 62.
Hardware Specifications C.3.1.2 UTP Cable Specifications The table below lists the recommended cable specifications for all Cabletron ATM adapters that use UTP cabling to ensure optimal adapter and switch performance. Description Value AWG 24 Impedance (Ω) 100 ±15% Attenuation (dB/1000 ft Max) 25 dB @ 16 mHz 52 dB @ 62.5 mHz 67 dB @ 100 mHz Maximum Run 100 m * Connector Style RJ-45 * Within the 100 meter run, a maximum of two connections are permissible. C.3.1.
Hardware Specifications C.3.2 ESA-200PC Technical Specifications The ESA-200PC ATM Adapter provides ATM connectivity to EISA-based PCs and servers, and has the following specifications: Hardware Architecture AAL Support UNI Form Factor Compliance Cabling Connectors On-board 25 Mhz i960 RISC processor Special-purpose hardware for AAL5 and AAL3/4, HEC, and CRC calculations 100 Mbps TAXI (4B/5B encoding); 155Mbps OC-3/SONET STS-3c/SDH STM-1 Single-slot EISA bus, half-card ATM cell processing per ANSI T1S1.
Hardware Specifications C.3.3 PCA-200PC Technical Specifications The PCA-200PC ATM Adapter provides ATM connectivity to PCI-based PCs and servers, and has the following specifications: Hardware Architecture AAL Support UNI Form Factor Compliance Cabling Connectors On-board 25 Mhz i960 RISC processor Special-purpose hardware for AAL5 and AAL3/4, HEC, and CRC calculations 100 Mbps TAXI (4B/5B encoding); 155Mbps OC-3/SONET STS-3c/SDH STM-1 Single-slot PCI bus, half-card ATM cell processing per ANSI T1S1.
Hardware Specifications C.3.
Hardware Specifications C.3.
Hardware Specifications C.3.
Hardware Specifications C.3.
Hardware Specifications C.3.
Hardware Specifications C.3.
Hardware Specifications C.3.
Hardware Specifications C.3.11 VMA-200 Technical Specifications The VMA-200 ATM Adapter provides ATM connectivity to Crimson, Onyx, Challenge XL, Challenge L, and Power Challenge machines, and has the following specifications: Hardware On-board 25 mHz i960 cell processor Special purpose, on-board hardware for HEC, CRC, and AAL5 and 3/4 calculations UNI 155 Mbps SONET STS-3c/SDH STM-1 Form Factor Single-slot 6U or 9U VMEbus Compliance ATM cell processing per ANSI T1S1.5/92-002R3, ITU I.
Hardware Specifications C-31
Hardware Specifications C-32
GLOSSARY 802.1d Spanning Tree Bridging - the IEEE standard for bridging; a MAC layer standard for transparently connecting two or more LANs (often called subnetworks) that are running the same protocols and cabling. This arrangement creates an extended network, in which any two workstations on the linked LANs can share data. 802.3 Ethernet - the IEEE standard for Ethernet; a physical-layer standard that uses the CSMA/CD access method on a bus-topology LAN. 802.
GLOSSARY work module hardware and software, IP connectivity, and SNMP network management. ANSI (American National Standards Institute) - a private organization that coordinates the setting and approval of some U.S. standards. It also represents the United States to the International Standards Organization.
GLOSSARY ATM Peer-to-Peer Connection - a virtual channel connection (VCC) or a virtual path connection (VPC) directly established, such as workstation-to-workstation. This setup is not commonly used in networks. ATM Traffic Descriptor - a generic list of parameters that can be used to capture the intrinsic traffic characteristics of a requested ATM connection. ATM User-to-User Connection - an association established by the ATM Layer to support communication between two or more ATM service users (i.e.
GLOSSARY a common protocol. Bridges can usually be made to filter certain packets (to forward only certain traffic). Broadband - a service or system requiring transmission channels capable of supporting rates greater than the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) primary rate. Broadband Access - an ISDN access capable of supporting one or more broadband services. Brouter (bridging/router) - a device that routes some protocols and bridges others based on configuration information.
GLOSSARY Cell Header - ATM Layer protocol control information. Cell Transfer Delay - the transit delay of an ATM cell successfully passed between two designated boundaries. CLP (Cell Loss Priority) - the last bit of byte four in an ATM cell header; indicates the eligibility of the cell for discard by the network under congested conditions. If the bit is set to 1, the cell may be discarded by the network depending on traffic conditions.
GLOSSARY DIP Switch (Dual In-line Package) - a device that has two parallel rows of contacts that let the user switch electrical current through a pair of those contacts to on or off. They are used to reconfigure components and peripherals. Domain Name Server - a computer that converts names to their corresponding Internet numbers. It allows users to telnet or FTP to the name instead of the number. DNS (Domain Name System) - the distributed name and address mechanism used in the Internet.
GLOSSARY EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (See PROM.) ES (End System) - a system in which an ATM connection is terminated or initiated. An originating end system initiates the ATM connection, and a terminating end system terminates the ATM connection. OAM cells may be generated and received. Ethernet - a 10-Mbps, coaxial standard for LANs in which all nodes connect to the cable where they contend for access.
GLOSSARY FT-PNNI (ForeThought PNNI) - a FORE Systems routing and signalling protocol that uses private ATM (NSAP) addresses; a precursor to ATM Forum PNNI (see PNNI). ftp (File Transfer Protocol) - a TCP/IP protocol that lets a user on one computer access, and transfer data to and from, another computer over a network. ftp is usually the name of the program the user invokes to accomplish this task.
GLOSSARY ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) - the protocol that handles errors and control messages at the IP layer. ICMP is actually a part of the IP protocol layer. It can generate error messages, test packets, and informational messages related to IP. IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) - the world’s largest technical professional society. Based in the U.S.A.
GLOSSARY In a Class A network, the first of the numbers is the network number, the last three numbers are the local host address. In a Class B network, the first two numbers are the network, the last two are the local host address. In a Class C network, the first three numbers are the network address, the last number is the local host address.
GLOSSARY ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) - an emerging technology that is beginning to be offered by the telephone carriers of the world. ISDN combines voice and digital network services into a single medium or wire. ISO (International Standards Organization) - a voluntary, non treaty organization founded in 1946 that is responsible for creating international standards in many areas, including computers and communications.
GLOSSARY LECS (LAN Emulation Configuration Server) - the LECS is responsible for the initial configuration of LECs. It provides information about available ELANs that a LEC may join, together with the addresses of the LES and BUS associated with each ELAN. leq - a FORE program that provides information about an ELAN. This information is obtained from the LES, and includes MAC addresses registered on the ELAN together with their corresponding ATM addresses.
GLOSSARY MicroChannel - a proprietary 16- or 32-bit bus developed by IBM for its PS/2 computers’ internal expansion cards; also offered by others. MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) - the largest unit of data that can be sent over a type of physical medium. Multi-homed - a device that has both an ATM and another network connection, typically Ethernet. Multiplexing - a function within a layer that interleaves the information from multiple connections into one connection. (See demultiplexing.
GLOSSARY OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) - the 7-layer suite of protocols designed by ISO committees to be the international standard computer network architecture. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) Protocol - a routing algorithm for IP that incorporates least-cost, equal-cost, and load balancing. Out-of-Band Management - refers to switch configuration via the serial port or over Ethernet, not ATM.
GLOSSARY Physical Layer (PHY) Connection - an association established by the PHY between two or more ATM-entities. A PHY connection consists of the concatenation of PHY links in order to provide an end-to-end transfer capability to PHY SAPs. PMD (Physical Medium Dependent) - a sublayer concerned with the bit transfer between two network nodes. It deals with wave shapes, timing recovery, line coding, and electro-optic conversions for fiber based links.
GLOSSARY Proxy - the process in which one system acts for another system to answer protocol requests. Proxy Agent - an agent that queries on behalf of the manager, used to monitor objects that are not directly manageable. PSN (Packet Switched Network) - a network designed to carry data in the form of packets. The packet and its format is internal to that network. PT (Payload Type) - bits 2...4 in the fourth byte of an ATM cell header. The PT indicates the type of information carried by the cell.
GLOSSARY SAR (Segmentation And Reassembly) - the SAR accepts PDUs from the CS and divides them into very small segments (44 bytes long). If the CS-PDU is less than 44 bytes, it is padded to 44 with zeroes. A two-byte header and trailer are added to this basic segment. The header identifies the message type (beginning, end, continuation, or single) and contains sequence numbering and message identification.
GLOSSARY SNAP - SubNetwork Access Protocol SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - the Internet standard protocol for managing nodes on an IP network. snmpd - an SMNP agent for a given adapter card. SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) - a new and growing body of standards that defines all aspects of transporting and managing digital traffic over optical facilities in the public network.
GLOSSARY Switched Connection - a connection established via signalling. Symmetric Connection - a connection with the same bandwidth value specified for both directions. Synchronous - signals that are sourced from the same timing reference and hence are identical in frequency. Systems Network Architecture (SNA) - a proprietary networking architecture used by IBM and IBM-compatible mainframe computers. Tachometer - in ForeView, the tachometer shows the level of activity on a given port.
GLOSSARY trap - a program interrupt mechanism that automatically updates the state of the network to remote network management hosts. The SNMP agent on the switch supports these SNMP traps. UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) - a type of traffic that is not considered time-critical (e.g., ARP messages, pure data), allocated whatever bandwidth is available at any given time. UBR traffic is given a “best effort” priority in an ATM network with no guarantee of successful transmission.
GLOSSARY VINES (Virtual Network Software) - Banyan’s network operating system based on UNIX and its protocols. Virtual Channel Switch - a network element that connects VCLs. It terminates VPCs and translates VCI values. The Virtual Channel Switch is directed by Control Plane functions and relays the cells of a VC. Virtual Path Switch - a network element that connects VPLs, it translates VPI (not VCI) values and is directed by Control Plane functions.
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