Network Attached Storage TeraStation III iSCSI User Manual TS-IXL TS-RIXL www.buffalotech.com 35011188 ver.
Contents Chapter 1 Introduction............................................................................ 3 iSCSI...........................................................................................................................................3 Network Structure..................................................................................................................4 Installing Microsoft iSCSI Initiator.......................................................................................
Chapter 6 Configure Access Restrictions.................................................. 26 Configuring Access Restrictions for the TeraStation .....................................................26 Configuring Access Restrictions for an Individual Volume............................................27 Chapter 7 TeraStation Maintenance........................................................ 28 Host Name and Time................................................................................................
Chapter 1 Introduction iSCSI iSCSI Compatible Hard Drive iSCSI ("Internet Small Computer System Interface") is a standard to transmit data on an Ethernet network by encapsulating SCSI commands in TCP/IP protocol. Connecting Ethernet cabling as iSCSI, it is recognized as a local drive by computers or servers. This example shows a TS-IXL TeraStation. The rackmount TS-RIXL is functionally identical.
Differences between NAS and iSCSI iSCSI A server creates shared folders on the iSCSI drive, and a computer accesses shared folders on the server. • Can be used as a local drive from Windows Server and accessed via the server by client computers. • All standard Windows features such as Access Restrictions with Active Directory can be used on iSCSI drives. • Database software that requires special formatting can by used with iSCSI drives.. NAS Servers and computers directly access shared folders on a NAS.
Install the Microsoft iSCSI Software Initiator Windows XP/2000、Windows Server 2003/2000 Server Install the "Microsoft iSCSI Software Initiator" first. Before you can use iSCSI equipment with Windows XP, 2000, or Server 2003, you must download and install the "Microsoft iSCSI Software Initiator". 1. Navigate to Microsoft's web site ( www.microsoft.com). 2. Search for "Microsoft iSCSI Software Initiator". 3. Download the latest version of the Microsoft iSCSI Software Initiator. 4.
Setup Notes: • If there is a DHCP server in the network, the TeraStation will get an IP address from it automatically. • Running the TeraNavigator software will automatically assign an unused IP address to a TeraStation. • TeraNavigator can automatically configure only one unit at a time. To reconfigure a TeraStation with TeraNavigator after its initial installation, initialize the TeraStation first. • If no DHCP server is available and TeraNavigator is not run, a random IP address of the form 169.254. xxx.
Chapter 2 Using the iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool When you set up the TeraStation with TeraNavigator, the iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool was installed. You will use this tool to connect to the TeraStation. To launch: Click “Start” - “All Programs” - “BUFFALO”-”iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool”-”iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool”.
Current status Refresh Displays Current status of the selected volume. • Not connected. Volume is disconnected. • Connected. Volume is connected. • Connected to other computer. Volume is connected to other computer. Displays other computer's IP address. *You must register TeraStation as an iSCSI hard drive at “Target product" to display it. Displays user authentication for the specified volume. Disabled: No authentication Enabled: With authentication. User authentication is needed to connect to a volume.
Disconnecting and Removing TeraStation To remove an iSCSI TeraStation, disconnect any connected volumes first and then unregister the TeraStation. 1 Click “Start”-”All Programs”-”BUFFALO”-”iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool”-”iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool”. The iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool will launch. 2 Select the volume to disconnect from “Volume” and click “Remove”. Note: To disconnect multiple volumes at once, choose “Remove the Registered iSCSI Hard Disk” from the “Setup” menu.
4 1 Select the TeraStation to remove from “Target product” 2 Click “Remove the registered iSCSI Hard Disk.”. Note: If a TeraStation is connected to multiple computers, unregister it from each computer. 5 You can now power down the TeraStation and unplug its cables. Note: • If you disconnect a TeraStation without unregistering it or changing its IP address, it will t ake a l o n g t i m e t o s e ar c h s in c e th e regi s trati on i n form ati on i s s ti l l i n y ou r c om pute r.
Reconnect a TeraStation To reuse a TeraStation that you previously removed, follow the instructions below to register it and connect a volume. 1 2 Connect the TeraStation and power it on. Click “Start” -”All Programs”-”BUFFALO”-”iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool”-”iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool” to open the iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool. 3 1 Select the TeraStation from “Target product”. 2 Click “Register the iSCSI Hard Disk”.
Mutual Authentication The iSCSI TeraStation supports mutual authentication for security. Mutual authentication lets a computer only recognize a TeraStation when the mutual password set on each volume and the mutual authentication password match. To configure mutual authentication, turn to page 26.
Chapter 3 Configuration Configuration is done from the TeraStation’s web-based configuration utility. 1 Click “Start” - “All Programs” - “BUFFALO” - “iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool" - “iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool". The iSCSI Hard Disk Connection Tool will launch. 2 If 2 or more TeraStations are connected, select the one to configure. Write down the TeraStation’s IP Address. Click “Browse Web setting” from the “Setup” menu. 3 1 Enter the username and password.
Chapter 4 Using Logical Volume Manager (LVM) Enable/Disable Logical Volume Manager (LVM) Logical Volume Manager (LVM) is disabled by default. Enabling LVM will allow you to divide volumes and extend capacity, but will degrade access speeds. Note: Changing the operation mode of a disk or array (such as enabling LVM) will delete all volumes and data from the disk or array.
Create Volume By default, one volume uses all available space on the TeraStation. If you delete the factory volume, you may create up to 10 volumes. Different volumes can be connected to different computers, but each volume can only be connected to a single computer. Notes: Deleting the default volume will delete all data from the TeraStation. Back up any important data before making any configuration changes! Enable LVM (previous page) to delete or create volumes.
Extend Volume Space Volume space can be extended after you create the volume. Notes: • Extending the volume may delete all data on the volume with some file systems. Before extending the volume, back up any important data on the volume. • Before you can extend volumes, you must enable LVM (page 14). 1 Turn of f the iSCSI Service in the configuration utility. Note: To stop iSCSI service for the target volume only, navigate to “iSCSI Volumes”-”iSCSI Volumes”, select the target volume, and click “Inactive”.
Chapter 5 Changing RAID Mode Out of the box, your TeraStation is configured with all four hard drives in a RAID 5 array. Many other RAID array modes are available. Notes: ・All data on your drive will be deleted if you change the RAID mode. Back up any important data before changing RAID modes. ・In this document, "Recovery" means restoring the TeraStation back to the state it was in before a drive failure. It does not refer to reading data from broken hard disks.
• RAID 0 array Combines 4 drives into one fast array. The full capacity of all drives combined is available for use. RAID 0 is fast and efficient, but includes no parity or redundancy. If any drive is damaged, all data on the array is lost. • Normal mode In Normal mode, drives are not combined into arrays. Each drive is individually available. The full capacity of each drive is usable. If a drive is damaged, all data on that drive is lost.
Configuring Normal mode 1 In the configuration utility, click “Basic” - “Storage” - "RAID Array”. 2 Choose the array to change. 3 Click “Delete RAID Array”. This will take several seconds, and the front panel display will show "RAID 4 When "Are you sure you want to change the RAID mode?" is displayed, click “Apply". 5 6 ARRAY x Creating". The Confirm Operation screen will appear. Type in the confirmation number and click “Apply” within 60 seconds. Follow the instructions displayed on the screen.
Configuring a RAID 5 array with 4 hard drives Note: This is the default configuration. 1 Delete any preexisting array as described in "Configuring Normal mode" on page 19. 2 In the configuration utility, click “Basic” - “Storage” - "RAID Array”. 3 Choose the array you want to configure. 4 Select all 4 hard disks. 5 1 Select “RAID 5”. 2 Click “Create Raid Array”. Note: Building the RAID array will take about 10 hours per TB of drive space.
Configuring a RAID 5 array with 3 hard drives 1 Delete any preexisting array as described in “Configuring Normal mode” on page 19. 2 In the configuration utility, click “Basic” - “Storage” - "RAID Array”. 3 Choose the array you want to configure. 4 Select 3 hard disks. 5 1 Select “RAID 5”. 2 Click “Create Raid Array”. Note: Building the RAID array will take about 10 hours per TB of drive space.
Configuring a RAID 10 array 1 Delete any preexisting array as described in “Configuring Normal mode” on page 19. 2 In the configuration utility, click “Basic” - “Storage” - "RAID Array”. 3 Choose the array you want to configure. 4 Select all four hard drives. 5 1 Select “RAID 10”. 2 Click “Create Raid Array”. Note: Building the RAID array will take about 10 hours per TB of drive space. During this time, the LCD will display “RAID ARRAY x Resyncing” and file transfers will be slower than usual.
Configuring a RAID 1 array 1 Delete any preexisting array as described in “Configuring Normal mode” on page 19. 2 In the configuration utility, click “Basic” - “Storage” - "RAID Array”. 3 Choose the array you want to configure. 4 Select disk 1 and disk 2, or disk 3 and disk 4. 5 1 Select “RAID 1”. 2 Click “Create Raid Array”. Note: Building the RAID array will take about 10 hours per TB of drive space.
Configuring a RAID 0 array 1 Delete any preexisting array as described in “Configuring Normal mode” on page 19. 2 In the configuration utility, click “Basic” - “Storage” - "RAID Array”. 3 Choose the array you want to configure. 4 Select all 4 hard drives. 5 1 Select “RAID 0”. 2 Click “Create Raid Array”. 6 7 The confirmation screen will appear. Enter the displayed number and click “Apply” within 60 seconds to continue. Follow the instructions displayed on the screen.
Configuring a Hot Spare A hot spare will automatically replace a failed drive in a RAID array. You must have an extra drive to configure a hot spare, so it is only usable with a RAID 5 array of 3 drives or a RAID 1 array. Configure a hot spare as follows. Note: When you change a drive from normal mode to a hot spare, or from a hot spare back to normal mode, all data on the drive is lost. Back up any important data on the drive before changing settings.
Chapter 6 Access Restrictions You may configure access restrictions for the TeraStation, or for individual volumes on it. When access restrictions are set, a username and password are required to connect to the TeraStation with the iSCSI hard disk connection tool. Configuring Access Restrictions for the TeraStation 1 Turn of f the iSCSI Service. 2 Navigate to “Basic" - “Security" - “Access Control (Whole System)”. Click “Modif y Settings”. 3 1 Click “Enable”. 2 Enter the user name and password.
Configuring Access Restrictions for Individual Volumes 1 Turn of f the iSCSI Service. 2 Navigate to “iSCSI Volumes” - “iSCSI Volumes”. 3 Select the volume that you want to set access restrictions for. 4 To restrict access by user names and passwords, enable “IP Address Restriction”, and set the user name and password. To restrict access by IP Address, enable “IP Address Restriction”, and enter the IP addresses that are to be allowed access. Separate each IP address by a comma. Example: 192.168.11.
Chapter 7 TeraStation Maintenance Host Name and Time 1 1 Navigate to “Basic” - “Settings” in the configuration utility. 2 Under Name Settings, click “Modif y Settings”. 2 1 Enter a name for the TeraStation. This will identify it on the network. 2 Click “Save”. Note: TeraStation names can contain up to 15 alphanumeric characters. Hyphens (-) can also be used. Don’t use a symbol as the first character of the name. 3 1 Click “Date and Time”. 2 Under Time Settings, click “Modif y Settings”.
4 1 Set the time. Note: Click “User Local Date/Time” to use the time and date from your computer’s settings. 2 Click “Save”. ■ For best results, use an NTP server to set the TeraStation's internal clock and the clocks of other devices on your network automatically. Notes on NTP: NTP may not be usable in some network environments. The default NTP Server (ntp.jst.mfeed.ad.jp) is the property of Internet Multi Feed Inc. Refer to www.jst.mfeed.ad.jp for more information. Use this service at our own risk.
RAID Scanning A RAID scan tests your RAID array for errors. If errors are found, they are fixed automatically if possible. If you are using a RAID array, regular RAID scans are recommended. Configure a schedule for RAID scans as below. 1 1 In the configuration utility, navigate to “Basic” - “Storage” - “RAID Scanning”. 2 Under RAID Scanning, click “Modif y Settings”. 2 1 Click “Enable”. 2 Select a schedule for RAID scanning.
Mail Notification You can choose to send status report emails from the TeraStation to a specified email address. Emails are normally send when TeraStation settings are changed or an error occurs. Status emails contain the following: ・hard drive status • RAID configuration changes • RAID errors • Fan errors • Drive read errors • Drive replacement alerts 1 1 To configure status email reports, navigate to “Maintenance” “Maintenance” in the configuration utility.
9 Select the conditions to send. HDD Status Report......Sends the condition of the hard drives at specified time. Fan Failure......................Sends when a fan error occurs. Disk Error.........................Sends when a drive error occurs. System Alert...................Sends when the TeraStation is rebooted or shut down, or the RAID configuration is changed. 10 Click “Save”. You have configured email alerts. Examples: These emails are for example only. Your notification emails may be different.
Using the TeraStation with a UPS For best results, plug your TeraStation in to a UPS (uninterruptable power supply). This will protect it from many kinds of power outages. Connected to a UPS, the TeraStation can be automatically shut down and its data protected. Configure the following settings to use the TeraStation with a UPS. 1 Connect the UPS to a wall socket. 2 Connect the AC cable of the TeraStation to the UPS. 3 Connect the UPS and the TeraStation with either a USB cable or a serial cable.
Beep Alerts The TeraStation can beep when errors occurs. Select the events that cause the TeraStation to beep as below. 1 Navigate to “Maintenance” - “Maintenance” - “Alert Sound Settings” in the configuration utility. 2 Click “Modif y Settings”. 3 1 Select the conditions to beep the alert from Overheating, Drive Error, Fan Error, or UPS Power Error. 2 Click “Save”. Your alert sounds are configured. Display Settings Configure the main TeraStation display settings here.
Changing the Admin Username and Password The admin account is used to access the configuration utility and change the TeraStation’s settings. . By default, the admin username is “admin” and the password is “password”. You may change them as shown below. 1 Navigate to “Basic” - “Security” - “Administrator Settings” in the configuration utility. 2 Click “Modif y Settings” in the Administrator setting. 2 1 Enter the new username and password (twice). 2 Click “Save”.
Formatting Drives You may reformat any or all drives on the TeraStation as described below. After a format, you must create a partition and format it from within your operating system. A link to Microsoft’s disk management tool is available from within Buffalo’s iSCSI tool, available on your software CD. Formatting a drive will erase all data and settings from that drive. Back up any important data before formatting a drive. Formatting will take several minutes.
Encrypting Drives If “Encryption” is check when a drive is formatted, the drive will be encrypted with 128 bit AES encryption. The data on the drive will only be readable when the drive is attached to your TeraStation. It will not be readable from other devices. To unencrypt the hard drive, uncheck “Encryption” and format the drive again. Refer to the previous page for more information. Note: Encrypting a drive degrades its overall performance somewhat.
Erasing All Data Data on the hard drive is not completely erased by just deleting it, or even formatting the drive. It could theoretically be recovered. To completely wipe all data from the drive and replace it with zeros, follow the steps below. 1 In the configuration utility, navigate to “Maintenance” - “Restore/ Format” - “Format TeraStation". 2 3 4 Click “Format TeraStation". The Confirm Operation screen will appear. Type in the confirmation number and click “Apply” within 60 seconds.
Initializing Settings Initialization Button To reset the TeraStation’s settings to factory defaults, use the key (included) to open the front cover. While the TeraStation is running and the power LED is lit, hold in the button to initialize the TeraStation. Hold down the initialization button until it beeps (about 5 seconds). This will reset the TeraStation’s settings to their factory defaults.
Initialization from the Configuration Utility You can also initialize the TeraStation from the configuration utility. The following settings are reset to their factory defaults: TeraStation Name, Description, NTP setting, RAID maintenance, setting of the Initialization switch of the main unit, Mail notification setting, UPS synchronization setting, Administrator password, network settings (IP address, subnet mask, etc.
Changing the IP address If desired, you may manually set the TeraStation’s IP address. Use the iSCSI hard drive connection tool (included on your CD) to manually set the TeraStation’s IP address. Note: You can only change the TeraStation’s IP address settings from a computer that is connected to the same subnet as the TeraStation. 1 2 Click “Start” - “All Programs” - “BUFFALO” - “iSCSI HDD Connection Tool” - “iSCSI HDD Connection Tool”. The iSCSI HDD Connection Tool will launch.
Using Jumbo Frames If all of your network devices support jumbo frames, enabling them can make your network faster. To configure jumbo frames on the TeraStation, navigate in the configuration utility to “Basic" - “Network" - “Ethernet Frame Size”, click “Modify Settings", and change the Ethernet frame size to one of the jumbo frame settings: 4102, 7422, or 9694 bytes. Caution: If you enable jumbo frames but some of your network devices don’t support it, you may not be able to transfer data.
Using Port Trunking Port trunking (link aggregation) allows you to connect the TeraStation to two Ethernet ports for increased speed and reliability. Your hub or switch must support IEEE 802.1AX-2008 to use port trunking. Turn to the next page for instructions on configuring port trunking on the TeraStation. The TeraStation supports the following port trunking modes: Disabled: Port trunking is not used. Round-robin policy * - Sets a round-robin policy for fault tolerance and load balancing.
Configuring port trunking on the TeraStation: 1 Connect TeraStation’s LAN port 1 to a LAN port on your switch. If you’ve configured a port on the switch for port trunking, use that one. Do not connect the TeraStation’s LAN port 2 yet. 2 3 Navigate to “Basic" - “Network" - “Port Trunking" in the configuration utility. Click “Modif y Settings". 4 5 6 1 Select the items to configure for port trunking. 2 Click “Save”. Connect TeraStation’s LAN port 2 to a second LAN port on your switch.
Chapter 8 Configuration Utility The following options can be set from the configuration screens. Common Settings Common Settings (Displayed on the left side of the screen) Click “OFF" to stop iSCSI service. Click “ON" to start iSCSI service. Stop iSCSI service before creating or extending volumes, Name Displays the TeraStation’s name. Firmware version Displays the TeraStation’s firmware version number. IP Address Displays IP address of the TeraStation’s LAN ports 1 and 2.
Volume Name Volume Description Disk Area Size Create Volume To display, click “Create Volume" on the Volume Configuration Screen. Access Control Click “Enable" in “Access Control" to apply Access Restrictions. You will be required to enter the user name and password you entered here when connecting with the iSCSI HDD Connection Tool. Select “Mutual Authorization" on the User Authorization Screen upon connection when you have set the password in “Password (Mutual Authorization)”.
Basic Basic Name Click “Modify Settings” to change settings. Management Information Click “Modify Settings” to change settings. Date and Time Click “Modify Settings” to change settings. Language Name Enter a name to identify the TeraStation on the network. * Enter up to 12 alphanumeric characters. * You can use alphanumeric characters and hyphens (-). * Don’t use a symbol as the first character of the name. Descriptions Enter a description for the TeraStation on the network.
Network DHCP IP Address Subnet Mask Click “Modify Settings” to Default change settings. Gateway *The LAN cable connected to Address LAN port 2 should be set Primary DNS for Ethernet 2. Server Secondary DNS Server Ethernet Frame Size Ethernet Frame Size Click “Modify Settings" to IP Address Settings change settings. *The LAN cable connected to LAN port 2 should be set for Ethernet 2. Port Trunking Click “Modify Settings" to change settings.
Security Administrator Settings Username Password Click “Modify Settings” to change settings. Confirm Password Access Control (Whole System) Click “Modify Settings" to change settings. HDD Connection Tool Click “Modify Settings" to change settings. TeraStation IS Setup Guide You may change the admin account’s username. * Enter up to 20 alphanumeric characters. * You can use single-byte alphanumeric characters and hyphens (-). * Do not use a symbol as the first character of the username.
Storage Format Disk Formatting a drive or array will erase all volumes on the drive or array. After formatting a disk from the configuration utility, you must allocate a partition and format it before it is usable. Use “Disk Management” to allocate a partition and format it. Checking “Encryption” before formatting encrypts the drive or array with 128 bit AES encryption. Only the TeraStation will be able to read the disk after that. To unencrypt the hard drive, uncheck “Encryption” and format it again.
RAID Scanning: A RAID scan read checks all sectors in the data area of drives in an array. If a bad sector error is found during the scan, it is repaired automatically. Note that some kinds of errors are repaired automatically by the array even without a RAID scan. Status repair possible impossible to repair Descriptions • Read error in the data area of array • Write Error • RAID management area error • Drive partition information area error • Drive recognition failure, etc.
Maintenance Maintenance Email Notification Click “Modify Settings” to change settings. Click “Send Test Message” to send a test email to the email address which has been set. Syslog Notification SMTP Server Address SMTP Port No. Authentication Type POP3 Server Address POP3 Port No. SSL/TLS Username Password Subject Recipient(s) Report Syslog Click “Modify Settings” to change settings. TeraStation IS Setup Guide Enable to use Email notification. Enter the address of your SMTP mail server.
Alert Sound Settings Alert Sound Settings Beep alerts can be triggered by the following conditions : “Overheating", “Disk Error", “FanError", and “UPS Power Error". Display Flip Display Items Select items to display on LCD display at the front of the TeraStation from “Host IP", “Disk Mode", and “Time". Set if automatically switching the item to display on the LCD or not. LCD brightness Adjust backlight brightness of the LCD display in 5 levels.
Restore/Format Restore TeraStation Restore Factory Defaults Format TeraStation Format TeraStation Ping Test Click “Restore TeraStation” to initialize the following settings: TeraStation Name, NTP settings, RAID Scanning, Restore/Format, Mail Notification, UPS Settings, Administrator Settings, Network, Alert Sound Settings, Front Panel Settings, RAID Array Error Detection Response, Management Information, Place You may choose to not initialize the admin username and password when other settings are ini
Appendix Factory Defaults Initial configuration defaults: • Administrator Username: admin • Administrator Password: password • DHCP Client; automatically requests an IP address from any available DHCP server. If no DHCP server is detected, the following settings are used: IP Address: 169.254.xxx.xxx (where each xxx is a random number from 1- 255). Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.
Main LCD The main LCD display on the front of the TeraStation displays information about the status and operation of the TeraStation. Below is a guide to the meanings of various displayed information. Normal Display Press the Display button to cycle through the various displays available. You may configure the display settings in the configuration utility at [Maintenance] - [Maintenance] - [Front Panel Settings]. Display LINK SPEED * If connecting a LAN cable to the LAN Port 2, "LINK SPEED2" is displayed.
Status Displays the current status when changing the settings or formatting drives.
Errors and Warnings Displays the current status when changing the settings or formatting drives. Examples of LCD Meaning SYSTEM Error E00 MPU No Response DRAM LINES E01 DATA Failure DRAM LINES E02 ADDRESS Failure RTC Chip E03 No RTC Clock SYSTEM Error E04 Can't Load Krnl! WDT SYSTEM Stopped The system is not responding. Disconnect power for 10 seconds, then reattach and boot the TeraStation. If the error persists, contact tech support. IC error. Contact tech support. IC error. Contact tech support.
Examples of LCD Chip Error E17 RTC Failure Chip Error E18 SATA1 Failure Chip Error E19 SATA2 Failure Chip Error E20 USB Failure Chip Error E21 Ethernet Failure HDx Error E22 HDx Can't Mount HDx Error E23 HDx Is Faulty SATAx Error E24 COMM. Failure Meaning The circuit board is damaged. Disconnect power for 10 seconds, then reattach and boot the TeraStation. If the error persists, contact tech support. The circuit board is damaged. Disconnect power for 10 seconds, then reattach and boot the TeraStation.
Term Lists DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Server A DHCP server manages network configuration information for all the devices on a network. If a compatible client device is connected to the network, the DHCP server will automatically assign necessary network information such as IP address, subnet mask, gateway to the device. With a DHCP server on the network, you don’t have to configure network information for each device manually.
Gateway Device, computer or software which connects networks together. Packets pass through gateways to travel between networks. Subnet mask Subnet masks divide networks into groups of computers that have common, designated IP address routing prefixes. Degraded Mode When errors occur in a RAID 1, RAID 5, or RAID 10 array because of a failing drive, the array enters degraded mode to limit data loss.
iSCSI TeraStation User Manual Initial release 11-13-09 Issued by Buffalo Technology Inc.
