User's Manual

170
EXTERNAL ROTATION: The client should be lying supine, the knee flexed 90-degrees, with the thigh
perpendicular to the transverse line across the anterior superior spines of the pelvis. The stationary arm
of the goniometer is parallel to the flat surface, and the other is along the tibia. Instruct the client to rotate
the leg toward the midline of the trunk with the thigh as the axis of rotation, thus producing outward
rotation of the hip. Record the maximum external rotation angle.
ABDUCTION: (Note: If the client has limited motion due to abduction contracture, do not measure
abduction.) The client should be lying supine on a flat surface with the leg to be measured extended at a
right angle to a transverse line across the anterior superior spines of the pelvis. The contralateral hip
should be passively held in flexion. The outward motion of the extremity is measured from the starting
position. Record the maximum abduction angle.
ADDUCTION: (Note: If the client has limited motion due to adduction contracture, do not measure
adduction.) The client should be lying supine on a flat surface with the leg to be measured extended at a
right angle to a transverse line across the anterior superior spines of the pelvis. The contralateral hip
should be passively held in flexion. In measuring adduction, the evaluator should ensure adequate
elevation of the opposite extremity to allow the leg to pass under it.
ABDUCTION CONTRACTURE: The client should be lying supine on a flat surface with the leg to be
measured extended at a right angle to a transverse line across the anterior superior spines of the pelvis.
The contralateral hip should be passively held in flexion. The outward motion of the extremity is
measured from the starting position. Record the smallest abduction contracture angle.
Great Toe
MP EXTENSION: The client is in a seated position. The knee is flexed to 45-degrees and the ankle and
Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint are in the neutral position. The small goniometer is placed under the
MTP joint, and its angle is read as a baseline. The client extends (dorsiflexes) the toe maximally, and the
angle subtending the maximum arc of motion is read. Subtract the baseline angle and record the angle of
MP extension.
MP FLEXION: The client is in a seated position. The knee is flexed to 45-degrees and the foot and
Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint are in the neutral position. The small goniometer is placed over the
MTP joint, and its angle is read as a baseline. The client flexes (plantarflexes) the toe maximally, and the
angle subtending the maximum arc of motion is read. Subtract the baseline angle and record the angle of
MP flexion.
IP FLEXION: The client is in a seated position. The knee is flexed to 45-degrees and the ankle and
Interphalangeal (IP) joint are in the neutral position. The small goniometer is placed over the IP joint, and
its angle is read as a baseline. The client flexes (plantarflexes) the toe maximally, and the angle
subtending the maximum arc of motion is read. Subtract the baseline angle and record the angle of IP
flexion.
Lesser 2 Toe
MP FLEXION: The client is in a seated position. The knee is flexed to 45-degrees and the ankle and
Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint are in the neutral position. The small goniometer is placed over the
MTP joint, and its angle is read as a baseline. The client flexes (plantarflexes) the toe maximally, and the
angle subtending the maximum arc of motion is read. Subtract the baseline angle and record the angle of
MP flexion.
MP EXTENSION: The client is in a seated position. The knee is flexed to 45-degrees and the ankle and
Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint are in the neutral position. The small goniometer is placed under the