SITE ANALYZER™ CABLE AND ANTENNA TESTER FOR WIRELESS SYSTEMS OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ©Copyright 1999, 2002 by Bird Electronic Corporation Instruction Book Part Number 920-7002A800 Revision K Site Analyzer is a trademark of Bird Electronic Corporation Microsoft® and Windows® are registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation
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Safety Precautions Remove Power Observe general safety precautions. Do not open the instrument with the power on. Safety Earth Ground An uninterruptible safety earth ground must be supplied from the main power source to the instrument. Grounding one conductor of a two conductor power cable is not sufficient protection. Serious injury or death can occur if this grounding is not properly installed.
Bird Site Analyzer WARNING This equipment should not be connected to an antenna or operated during a storm that has the potential to produce lightning. The possibility exists for electrical shock. WARNING When using the ac adapter, only connect the plug to a properly grounded receptacle. Serious injury or death can occur if grounding is not properly installed. Caution Statements The following equipment cautions appear in the text and are repeated here for emphasis.
UTILISATION TOUTE UTILISATION DE CET INSTRUMENT QUI N’EST PAS EXPLICITEMENT PRÉVUE PAR LE FABRICANT PEUT ENDOMMAGER LE DISPOSITIF DE PROTECTION DE L’INSTRUMENT. IMPIEGO QUALORA QUESTO STRUMENTO VENISSE UTILIZZATO IN MODO DIVERSO DA COME SPECIFICATO DAL PRODUTTORE LA PROZIONE DI SICUREZZA POTREBBE VENIRNE COMPROMESSA. SERVICE SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY SERVICE - TRAINED PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID DANGEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM ANY SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO.
Bird Site Analyzer About This Manual This instruction book covers the Bird Site Analyzer Models SA-2000, SA-2000A, and SA-2500A. Changes to This Manual We have made every effort to ensure this manual is accurate. If you should discover any errors, or if you have suggestions for improving this manual, please send your comments to our Solon, Ohio factory. This manual may be periodically updated. When inquiring about updates to this manual refer to the part number and revision level on the title page.
Chapter Layout Introduction — Identifies the parts, functions, and features of the Site Analyzer as well as optional equipment available. Getting Started — Provides power up information for the Site Analyzer. Calibration — Provides step by step instructions for calibrating the Site Analyzer, which must be done before using Measure Match or Fault Location modes.
Table of Contents Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Items Supplied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Items Not Supplied. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fault Location Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Setting the Frequency Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Setting the Cable Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Cable List. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Setting the Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Setting Units . . . . . . . . . .
Calibrating the Bird 5011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Adjust Date and Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Return to Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 FM Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Printer . . .
Chapter 1 Introduction The Bird Site Analyzer is a multifunction test instrument for use in installation and maintenance of wireless systems. Antenna systems are tested by using a Site Analyzer to measure match conditions. Data is graphed at 238 points across a user-specified frequency band or distance range. Transmitter systems are tested by using a Site Analyzer and a Bird power sensor to measure RF power. Data is displayed as power or match efficiency, depending on the sensor. Items Supplied 1. 2. 3.
Bird Site Analyzer Items Not Supplied y Calibration Combination y Bird 5010 Directional Power Sensor y Bird 5011 Terminating Power Sensor Site Analyzer Features General y Field replaceable Li-ion battery. y Automatic power down conserves battery life. Antenna Test y Rejects on-channel interfering signals to +13 dBm. y Stores up to 15 calibration profiles. y Adjustable pass/fail limit line with visual indicator.
Introduction y Stores up to 300 sets of measurement data in raw format to facilitate conversion between antenna match and DTF. y On-screen comparison between current measurement and stored data – no PC required. y Pop-up menus contain over 70 cable types and 30 frequency band presets. y X and Y scales and units are user adjustable. y Dual measurement markers and one difference marker. y Measurement hold to temporarily store a trace. y Printing capability.
Bird Site Analyzer Component Description 9 1 8 2 7 3 4 6 5 4
Introduction 1. Soft Keys 2. Mode Keys Activates the function described directly to the right of the key. Mode Activates the mode menu. This menu allows the user to select Measure Match, Fault Location, Measure Power, or Utilities modes. Config Activates the configuration menu for the current mode. This menu provides access to the variable measurement parameters (e.g. frequency band, distance, and units). Calibrate Activates the calibration menu. Marker Activates the marker menu.
Bird Site Analyzer Right Arrow During: Marker Control Moves active marker right one point at a time. All other times As defined by the function description. Up Arrow During: Data Entry Increases the numeric value. Marker Control Moves the marker to the maximum trace value. While pressing the contrast key Increases the display contrast. All other times As defined by the function description. Down Arrow During: 7. Data Entry Decreases the numeric value.
Introduction Connection Description DC Input Antenna Test Port Parallel Printer Port Computer Port Remote Power Sensor CAUTION +22 dBm max. input Do not apply RF power to Antenna Test Port. Exceeding the maximum input will damage the Site Analyzer. Antenna Test Port Standard N-type female connector. Use a phase-stable armored cable to connect the Site Analyzer to the antenna. Optional Test Port Extension Cables and adapters are listed in the Accessory Guide Brochure.
Bird Site Analyzer Display Description 1 Measure Match Sample Display 8 7 Measure Match Mode 000, ABC, 01-JAN-2001 12:01 Save/ Recall M1 1.70 VSWR Auto Scale Limit Test On M2 Run 1.00 825.00 Print 2 3 4 M1: 835.20 MHz M2: 831.50 MHz ∆M: 3.70 MHz 5 14 13 Fault Location Mode Limit Test On Run 1.70 VSWR Save/ Recall Auto Scale 1.00 0.0 Meters Calibration: Full Print 10 8 1.64 1.20 0.44 6 9 Fault Location Sample Display 841.00 MHz Calibration: Full Limit: 1.
Introduction 1. Trace Graphic display of the measurement. 2. Calibration Indicator Indicates the calibration status. 3. Limit Line Value Indicates the limit value. 4. Limit Test Indicator Displays FAIL if any part of the trace exceeds the limit value. 5. Limit Line A horizontal line that graphically displays the limit value. 6. Marker Value Indicates the position and value of a trace point. 7. Marker Cursor Identifies the trace point displayed in the marker value. 8.
Bird Site Analyzer 1 Measure Power Sample Display Measure Power Mode 2 Sensor Connected Display Fwd 3 4 5 Fwd 0.0 Watts PwrUnit Watts 600.00 MatchUnit Rtn Loss 6 7 Refl 0.00 Watts Match 0.00 Loss(dB) 1. Sensor Status Indicates the current status of power sensor. 2. Primary Measurement Identifies the measurement displayed on the analog dial. 3. Primary Value Numeric display of the primary value. 4. Measurement Scale Indicates the dial’s full scale. 5.
Chapter 2 Getting Started Power Supply Internal Battery The Bird Site Analyzer has an internal, rechargeable lithium-ion battery pack. This will operate the unit for a minimum of 3 hours of continuous usage. Recharging time, from a full discharge, is approximately 4 hours. ☞ NOTE: When the unit is received the battery may not be fully charged. An ac adapter should be used when operating the unit for the first time. The battery gauge indicates the approximate battery life remaining.
Bird Site Analyzer Electronic Corporation SA-BATPAK CHARGER 15V 2.7A On To SA-BATPAK CHARGER Battery On 15V 2.7A Electronic Corporation 2 To Battery 3 1 4 SA-BATPAK To charge the external battery pack: 1. Plug the automobile cigarette lighter adapter into the external battery pack on the side that says “To Battery”. Refer to the figure above. 2. Plug the other end of the automobile cigarette lighter adapter into the charger adapter. 3. Plug the ac adapter into the charger adapter. 4.
Getting Started Power Up On first power up or after a failure set the unit to default parameters. Refer to “Return to Defaults”, page 93. Self Test A self test is run at power up. If the test fails, see “Troubleshooting” on page 100 for instructions. If the problem persists, return the unit for service. The software revision information is displayed during the self test, as shown below.
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Chapter 3 Calibration Calibration Accessories Calibration Combination including: y One 50 ohm load y One Open standard y One Short standard Test Cable (optional) – Phase-stable for reliable, consistent results. ☞ NOTE: If a test cable is used to connect the Site Analyzer system under test, attach the standards to the end of the test cable during calibration. Calibrating Calibration Mode Open 1.70 Short Load VSWR Press key from either Measure Match or Fault Location mode 1.00 825.00 MHz 841.
Bird Site Analyzer y Press the CALIBRATE key. y Attach the open standard. Press the OPEN key. Wait for a “beep” and for the trace to scroll before continuing. y Attach the short standard. Press the SHORT key. Wait for a “beep” and for the trace to scroll before continuing. y Attach the load standard. Press the LOAD key. Wait for a “beep” and for the trace to scroll before continuing. y Press the CAL DONE key. New coefficients are calculated. The Site Analyzer is now calibrated.
Chapter 4 Measure Match Mode This measurement verifies and monitors the match conditions in the antenna system at various frequencies. The results are shown on an x-y graph. Frequency is shown on the x-axis while return loss, cable loss, or VSWR is shown on the y-axis. Set the frequency and calibrate the Site Analyzer before taking any readings. Measure Match Mode Save/ Recall 99.99 Auto Scale Measure Match Limit Test OFF Fault Location Press from Select Mode HOLD VSWR Press the Mode key 1.
Bird Site Analyzer Setting the Frequency Frequencies can be set manually or chosen from a list of presets. If the start, stop, center, or span is manually changed, the band will become “Custom”. Freq Scale Press to display the frequency settings 18 NOTE: Changing the frequency settings will automatically turn calibration off. Always set the frequency before calibrating the unit.
Measure Match Mode Measure Match Mode Freq 99.99 Scale Limit Line Enter a new value Band List Cable Loss VSWR Scroll to Start, Stop, Center, or Span 1.00 1500.00 Start: 1500.00 MHz Stop: 2500.00 MHz MHz 2500.00 Center: 2000.00 MHz Span: 1000.00 MHz Band List: Custom The band list pop-up menu contains frequency band presets. Using a preset is quick, easy, and sets test parameters while eliminating a possible source of operator error. Measure Match Mode Freq 99.
Bird Site Analyzer Measure Match Mode Freq Display the band list and select a frequency band Scale Limit Line Cable Loss Band Start Stop IS-553(Rx) IS-553(Tx) IS-54(Rx) IS-54(Tx) IS-95(Rx) IS-95(Tx) IS-95(Rx) 780.00 824300 869.00 824.00 869.00 1850.00 1930.00 824.00 2500.00 849.00 894.00 849.00 894.00 1910.00 1990.00 849.00 Measure Match Mode Freq 99.99 Scale Limit Line Cable Loss VSWR Activate the selected band 1.00 824.00 Start: Stop: 20 824.00 MHz 849.00 MHz MHz 849.
Measure Match Mode Setting the Scale & Unit of Measure The display scale can be set manually or by using Auto Scale. The display can have units of return loss [dB], cable loss [dB], or VSWR [ratio]. Freq Scale Press to display the scale settings Measure Match Mode Freq 99.99 Scale Limit Line Cable Loss VSWR Press from Measure Match Mode 1.00 780.00 Min: 1.00 Max: 99.99 MHz 2500.00 Auto Scale Units: VSWR Measure Match Mode Freq 99.
Bird Site Analyzer Auto Scale Auto Scale automatically sets the display scale so that the entire trace is displayed. Measure Match Mode Freq 1.70 Scroll to Auto Scale Activate Auto Scale Limit Line Cable Loss VSWR Scale 1.00 780.00 Min: 1.00 Max: 99.99 MHz 2500.00 Auto Scale Units: VSWR Auto Scale can also be activated from the main screen. Measure Match Mode Save/ Recall Save/ Recall 99.99 Press from Measure Match Mode Auto Scale Limit Test OFF HOLD VSWR Auto Scale 1.00 780.
Measure Match Mode Setting Units Measure Match Mode Freq 99.99 Scroll to Units Limit Line Cable Loss VSWR Scale 1.00 780.00 Min: 1.00 Max: 99.99 MHz 2500.00 Auto Scale Units: VSWR Measure Match Mode Freq 99.99 Scale Limit Line Cable Loss VSWR Display the units list and select VSWR, Cable Loss, or Return Loss 1.00 780.00 Min: 1.00 Max: 99.99 Units MHz Auto VSWR Scale Loss Units:Rtn VSWR Cable Loss 2500.
Bird Site Analyzer Measure Match Mode Freq 0.0 Scale Limit Line Cable Loss Rtn Loss (dB) Activate the selected unit -60.0 780.00 Min: -60.0 dB Max: 0.0 dB 24 MHz Auto Scale Units: Rtn Loss 2500.
Measure Match Mode Cable Loss Measurements To measure cable loss, the cable being tested should have an open on the far end. Measure Match Mode Cable Loss Mode Freq 0.0 Scale Limit Line Press to activate Cable Loss Cable Loss Cable Loss (dB) Press from Measure Match Mode -60.0 780.00 MHz 2500.00 Calibration: OFF Measure Match Mode Freq Press to deactivate Cable Loss Scale Limit Line Cable Loss Rtn Loss (dB) 0.0 -60.0 780.00 MHz 2500.
Bird Site Analyzer Limit Line The limit line is an option that helps you see a failure. It appears as a horizontal line at the limit line value. Press from Measure Match Mode Measure Match Mode Freq 99.99 Scale Limit Line Enter a new value 26 Cable Loss VSWR Press to display the limit line value 1.00 780.00 Limit Line: MHz 1.43 2500.
Measure Match Mode Limit Test Limit Test compares the trace to the limit line. Measure Match Mode Press from Measure Match Mode Toggle between Off, Audio, & On Auto Scale Limit Test On HOLD 1.70 VSWR Save/ Recall 1.00 825.00 Print MHz 841.00 Calibration: Full Limit: 1.43 FAIL Test Off — disables the comparison and the pass/fail indicator. Test On — enables the comparison. If all of the trace is below the limit value, “PASS” is displayed at the bottom of the screen.
Bird Site Analyzer Marker Adjustment Press from Measure Match Mode Markers indicate VSWR to 0.01, or Return or Cable Loss to 0.1 dB. The exact values of M1, M2, and the delta marker (difference of M1 and M2) are displayed at the bottom of the screen. ☞ NOTE: If M1 was Active, it becomes ON (displayed) when M2 becomes Active. Measure Match Mode M1 Active M2 On ∆M Single Toggle between Off and Single 28 1.70 M1 VSWR Toggle between Off, On, and Active M2 1.00 825.
Measure Match Mode Move across the trace Measure Match Mode M1 Active M2 On ∆M Single Locate the lowest point of the trace M1 1.70 VSWR Locate the highest point of the trace M2 1.00 825.00 Calibration: Full MHz M1: 835.20 MHz M2: 831.50 MHz ∆M: 3.70 MHz 841.00 1.64 1.20 0.
Bird Site Analyzer Measurement Hold Measurement Hold stops tracing at the end of the current measurement and displays the last measurement result. It is active when a lock appears in the indicator ball. Measure Match Mode Press from Measure Match Mode Toggle between Run and Hold Auto Scale Limit Test Off Run 1.70 VSWR Save/ Recall 1.00 825.00 Calibration: Full Print 30 MHz 841.
Measure Match Mode Printing The Bird Site Analyzer can print the information displayed on the screen to any HP Deskjet printer that supports the PCL Level 3 protocol. Measure Match Mode Press from Measure Match Mode Prints the information on the screen Auto Scale Limit Test Off M1 1.70 VSWR Save/ Recall M2 Run 1.00 825.00 Calibration: Full Print MHz M1: 835.20 MHz M2: 831.50 MHz ∆M: 3.70 MHz 841.00 1.64 1.20 0.
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Chapter 5 Fault Location Mode This measurement identifies the position of impedance discontinuities (faults) within the antenna/feeder system. The measurement results are displayed on an x-y graph. Distance from the Site Analyzer is shown on the x-axis, while relative magnitude of the discontinuity is shown on the y-axis. Set the frequency span, cable type, and calibrate the Site Analyzer before taking any readings.
Bird Site Analyzer Setting the Frequency Span The frequency span and relative propagation velocity determine the maximum distance at which distanceto-fault measurements can be taken. For best results, use the table below to select the frequency span which matches the length and either the propagation velocity or dielectric constant of the cable under test. ☞ NOTE: Changing the frequency settings will automatically turn calibration off. Always set the frequency before calibrating the unit.
Fault Location Mode For example, for a cable with a dielectric constant of 2.778, the velocity percentage is 60%. If the cable is 100 feet long, then the Site Analyzer should be set to a frequency span of 700 MHz. The resolution of the graph will be 5 inches. Measure Match Mode Save/ Recall 99.99 Auto Scale Measure Match Limit Test OFF Fault Location Press from Select Mode HOLD VSWR Press the Mode key 1.00 780.00 MHz 2500.
Bird Site Analyzer Measure Match Mode Freq 99.99 Scroll to the Span value Limit Line Enter the value from Table 1 Cable Loss VSWR Scale 1.00 1290.00 MHz Start: 1290.00 MHz Stop: 1990.00 MHz 1990.00 Center: 1640.00 MHz Span: 700.00 MHz Band List: Custom Fault Location Mode Save/ Recall 99.99 Auto Scale Limit Test On Press from Select Mode HOLD VSWR Press the Mode key 1.00 0.0 Meters 30.
Fault Location Mode Setting the Cable Type The cable type can be set manually or chosen from a list of presets. If the velocity of propagation or loss is manually changed, the cable will become “Custom”. ☞ NOTE: Changing the cable type or velocity of propagation will reset the distance scale to the maximum possible distance. Always set the cable type before setting the distance scale. Press from Fault Location Mode Fault Location Mode Distance 99.
Bird Site Analyzer Fault Location Mode Distance 99.99 Scale Limit Line Smooth Low Cbl Type Cable List VSWR Enter a new value 1.00 0.0 Meters The cable list pop-up menu contains cable presets. Using a preset is quick, easy, and sets test parameters while eliminating a possible source of operator error. Fault Location Mode Distance Scroll to Cable Type Scale Display the cable list and select a cable Limit Line Smooth Low Cbl Type 38 18.2 Vel. Prop.: 0.8800 Cable List: Custom Loss: 0.
Fault Location Mode Fault Location Mode Distance 99.99 Scale Limit Line Smooth Low Cbl Type VSWR Activate the selected cable 1.00 0.0 17.0 Meters Vel. Prop.: 0.8200 Cable List: Loss: 0.
Bird Site Analyzer Setting the Distance The maximum possible Stop Distance is determined by the frequency span. (See Table 1 on page 34) Press from Fault Location Mode Fault Location Mode Distance 99.99 Limit Line Smooth Low Scroll to Start or Stop VSWR Scale Press to display the distance settings 1.00 0.0 Start: Stop: Cbl Type Meters 0.0 m 18.2 m 18.2 Units: Meters Fault Location Mode Distance 99.99 Scale Limit Line Smooth Low Cbl Type 40 VSWR Enter a new value 1.00 0.
Fault Location Mode Setting Units Fault Location Mode Distance 99.99 Scroll to Units Display the units list and select Meters or Feet Limit Line Smooth Low VSWR Scale 1.00 0.0 Start: Stop: Cbl Type Units Meters 0.0 m 18.2 m 18.2 Units: Meters Meters Feet Fault Location Mode Distance 99.99 Scale Limit Line Smooth Low Cbl Type VSWR Activate the selected unit 1.00 0.0 Start: Stop: Feet 0.0 ft 59.9 ft 59.
Bird Site Analyzer Setting the Scale & Unit of Measure The display scale can be set manually or by using Auto Scale. The display can have units of return loss [dB] or VSWR [ratio]. Press from Fault Location Mode Fault Location Mode Distance 99.99 Limit Line Press to display the scale settings Smooth Low VSWR Scale 1.00 0.0 Meters Min: 1.00 Max: 99.99 Cbl Type 18.2 Auto Scale Units: VSWR Fault Location Mode Distance 1.
Fault Location Mode Auto Scale Auto Scale automatically sets the display scale so that the entire trace is displayed. Fault Location Mode Distance 1.07 Scroll to Auto Scale Activate Auto Scale Limit Line Smooth Low VSWR Scale 1.00 0.0 Min: 1.00 Max: 99.99 Cbl Type Meters 18.2 Auto Scale Units: VSWR Auto scale can also be activated from the main screen. Fault Location Mode Save/ Recall Save/ Recall 1.70 Press from Fault Location Mode Auto Scale Limit Test On Run VSWR Auto Scale 1.
Bird Site Analyzer Setting Units Fault Location Mode Distance 99.99 Scroll to Units Limit Line Smooth Low VSWR Scale 1.00 0.0 Min: 1.00 Max: 99.99 Cbl Type Meters 18.2 Auto Scale Units: VSWR Fault Location Mode Distance 99.99 Scale Limit Line Smooth Low Cbl Type 44 VSWR Display the units list and select VSWR or Return Loss 1.00 0.0 Min: 1.00 Max: 99.99 Units Meters MHz Auto Scale VSWR Units: Rtn VSWR Loss 18.
Fault Location Mode Fault Location Mode Distance 0.0 Scale Limit Line Smooth Low Cbl Type Rtn Loss (dB) Activate the selected unit -60.0 0.0 Min: -60.0 dB Max: 0.0 dB Meters 18.
Bird Site Analyzer Limit Line The limit line is an option that helps you see a failure. It appears as a horizontal line at the limit line value. Press from Fault Location Mode Fault Location Mode Distance 99.99 Scale Limit Line Enter a new value Smooth Low 1.00 0.0 Limit Line: Cbl Type 46 VSWR Press to display the limit line value Meters 1.50 18.
Fault Location Mode Limit Test Limit Test compares the trace to the limit line. Fault Location Mode Press from Fault Location Mode Toggle between Off, Audio, & On Auto Scale Limit Test On HOLD 1.70 VSWR Save/ Recall 1.00 0.0 Print Meters 18.2 Calibration: Full Limit: 1.43 FAIL Test Off — disables the comparison and the pass/fail indicator. Test On — enables the comparison. If all of the trace is below the limit value, “PASS” is displayed at the bottom of the screen.
Bird Site Analyzer Marker Adjustment Press from Fault Location Mode Markers indicate VSWR to 0.01, or Return Loss to 0.1 dB. The exact values of M1, M2, and the delta marker (difference of M1 and M2) are displayed at the bottom of the screen. ☞ NOTE: If M1 was Active, it becomes ON (displayed) when M2 becomes Active. Fault Location Mode M1 Active M2 On ∆M Single Toggle between Off and Single 48 1.70 M1 VSWR Toggle between Off, On, and Active M2 1.00 0.0 Calibration: Full 18.
Fault Location Mode Move across the trace Fault Location Mode M1 Active M2 On ∆M Single Locate the lowest point of the trace M1 1.70 VSWR Locate the highest point of the trace M2 1.00 0.0 Calibration: Full 18.2 Meters M1: M2: ∆M: 13.1 m 8.4 m 4.7 m 1.32 1.20 0.
Bird Site Analyzer Smooth Smooth is an option that will digitally average the displayed trace. Three levels of smooth are available. Fault Location Mode Distance 1.70 Scale Limit Line Smooth None VSWR Press from Fault Location Mode 1.00 0.0 Meters 10.0 Calibration: Full Cbl Type Fault Location Mode Distance 1.70 Scale Limit Line Smooth High VSWR Toggle between None, Low, Medium, and High 1.00 0.0 Calibration: Full Cbl Type 50 Meters 10.
Fault Location Mode Measurement Hold Measurement Hold stops tracing at the end of the current measurement and displays the last measurement result. It is active when a lock appears in the indicator ball. Fault Location Mode Press from Fault Location Mode Toggle between Run and Hold Auto Scale Limit Test Off Run 1.70 VSWR Save/ Recall 1.00 0.0 Meters 18.
Bird Site Analyzer Printing The Bird Site Analyzer can print the information displayed on the screen to any HP Deskjet printer that supports the PCL Level 3 protocol. Fault Location Mode Press from Fault Location Mode Prints the information on the screen Auto Scale Limit Test Off M1 1.70 VSWR Save/ Recall M2 Run 1.00 0.0 Calibration: Full Print 52 18.2 Meters M1: M2: ∆M: 13.1 m 8.4 m 4.7 m 1.32 1.20 0.
Chapter 6 Save and Recall This chapter applies to Bird Site Analyzers with firmware from 1-Nov-2001 or later. If you have an older firmware version, see “Old Save and Recall” on page 71. Traces and setups can be stored in nonvolatile memory, along with descriptive labels and a time-date stamp.
Bird Site Analyzer Save Trace Save and Recall Save Reg Press from Save and Recall The trace is saved Recall Description 001 015 ALPHA RX02 000 Label Delete 2 of 2: Setup 54 Date 05-OCT-2001 11:26 05-OCT-2001 11:26
Save and Recall Trace Label Save and Recall Delete Press from Save and Recall The Label menu is displayed M A D G J M P S V Y . B E H K N Q T W Z , C F - QuickText N O Space I L O R U X / : @ # [Space] _ * ( ) Shortcuts off. See config/help for details.
Bird Site Analyzer Entering Numbers If the numeric shortcuts are off, press a number key once to enter a number. If the numeric shortcuts are on, press the key twice. Save and Recall Delete Enter numbers using the number pad. 016 M A D G J M P S V Y . B E H K N Q T W Z , C F - QuickText N O Space Entering Letters Scroll to a column I L O R U X / : @ # [Space] _ * ( ) Shortcuts off. See config/help for details. Delete is always the first softkey.
Save and Recall Changing Labels The label should be RX01, not TX01 Save and Recall Delete 016 BETA TX01 V A D G J M P S V Y . B E H K N Q T W Z , C F - QuickText W X * I L O R U X / : @ # [Space] _ * ( ) Shortcuts off. See config/help for details. Scroll to the text to be changed Save and Recall OR Delete 016 BETA RX01 P A D G J M P S V Y .
Bird Site Analyzer Deleting Labels Scroll to the text to be deleted Save and Recall Delete 016 TX01 V A D G J M P S V Y . B E H K N Q T W Z , C F - W Press to delete the character to the left of the cursor X * 58 I L O R U X / : @ # [Space] _ * ( Shortcuts off. See config/help for details.
Save and Recall Saving Labels A complete label Save and Recall Delete 016 BETA TX01 V A D G J M P S V Y . B E H K N Q T W Z , C F - QuickText W X * I L O R U X / : @ # [Space] _ * ( ) Shortcuts off. See config/help for details.
Bird Site Analyzer Trace Label Quicktext Store commonly used label elements in the Quicktext to speed label entry. Save and Recall Select From Trace Label, scroll past the rightmost column to activate Quicktext Add to Qtext A D G J M P S V Y . B E H K N Q T W Z , C F - QuickText Delete View QText I L O R U X / : @ # [Space] _ * ( ) Shortcuts off. See config/help for details.
Save and Recall Create Quicktext Enter text into the label, then activate Quicktext Save and Recall Select 016 BETA Add to Qtext A D G J M P S V Y . B E H K N Q T W Z , C F - QuickText Delete View QText I L O R U X / : @ # [Space] _ * ( ) Shortcuts off. See config/help for details. Save and Recall Select 016 BETA Press to store the label contents in QuickText Add to Qtext A D G J M P S V Y .
Bird Site Analyzer Use Quicktext Save and Recall Select Scroll to a Quicktext entry Add to Qtext A D G J M P S V Y B E H K N Q T W . QuickText RX TX BETA ZALPHA , Delete C F View QText I L O R U X / : @ # [Space] _ * ( ) Shortcuts off. See config/help for details. Save and Recall Select TX Press to insert the Quicktext at the cursor Add to Qtext A D G J M P S V Y B E H K N Q T W Delete C F View QText I L O R U X / : @ # [Space] _ * ( Shortcuts off. See config/help for details.
Save and Recall Delete Quicktext Save and Recall Select Scroll to a Quicktext entry Add to Qtext A D G J M P S V Y B E H K N Q T W . QuickText RX TX BETA ZALPHA , Delete C F View QText I L O R U X / : @ # [Space] _ * - ( ) Shortcuts off. See config/help for details. Save and Recall Select Press to delete the Quicktext entry Add to Qtext A D G J M P S V Y .
Bird Site Analyzer Trace Label Config Label Help Label Help provides instructions for labelling traces. Save and Recall Help Press from Trace Label 016 BETA TX01 Disable Shortcuts Use LEFT or RIGHT arrows to select column or A D G J M P S V Y . Use NUMBER keys to select column Use SOFTKEYS to enter letters Press NUMBER keys TWICE to enter digits Use DOWN B UPEor H K arrows N Qto move T Wcursor Z , Use ENTER or ESC to exit.
Save and Recall Save Setup Saving the setup will save the following: Calibration Coeff.
Bird Site Analyzer Recall Trace When a trace is recalled it is displayed along with the trace currently being measured. The frequency range will be changed to the recalled trace’s settings. To remove a recalled trace from the display, press the ESCAPE key from the Save and Recall screen. ☞ NOTE: Calibration is automatically turned off if the recalled trace has a different frequency range.
Save and Recall Recall Setup Press from Save and Recall The Setup menu is displayed Scroll to the setup to be recalled Save and Recall Save Recall Setup Frequency Temp 00 01 824-849 780-2500 32 25 Date 05-OCT-2001 09:01a 23-OCT-2001 11:26a Delete Traces Measure Match Mode OR Auto Scale Limit Test On The setup is recalled Hold VSWR Save/ Recall 99.99 1.00 780.00 MHz 2500.
Bird Site Analyzer Delete Trace Save and Recall Save From Save and Recall, scroll to the trace to be deleted Reg Recall Description 001 015 ALPHA RX02 000 016 BETA TX01 Date 05-OCT-2001 11:26 05-OCT-2001 11:26 Label Delete 2 of 2: Setup Save and Recall Save Reg Press to delete the trace.
Save and Recall Delete Setup Press from Save and Recall The Setup menu is displayed Scroll to the setup to be deleted Save and Recall Save Recall Setup Frequency Temp 00 01 824-849 780-2500 32 25 Date 05-OCT-2001 09:01a 23-OCT-2001 11:26a Delete Traces Save and Recall Save Press to delete the setup.
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Chapter 7 Old Save and Recall This chapter applies to Bird Site Analyzers with firmware from before 1-Nov-2001. If you have a more recent firmware version, see “Save and Recall” on page 53. Measurement data is stored in non-volatile memory. Data labeling allows descriptive naming of measurement data. The time-date stamp is automatic.
Bird Site Analyzer Label and Sort Trace Press from Save and Recall The Label menu is displayed Press to display the Site setting Enter site number 72
Old Save and Recall Toggle between [Blank], Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Toggle between [Blank], Transmit, and Receive. Also displays the antenna number Enter antenna number Traces are automatically sorted in the order of Site, Sector, Antenna, and Date (with unlabeled traces at the top of the list) when the Done key is pressed. To sort them in the Label menu, press the Sort key.
Bird Site Analyzer Press to sort traces Press to complete trace labeling 74
Old Save and Recall Save Setup Five setups can be stored in the unit.
Bird Site Analyzer Recall Trace When a trace is recalled it is displayed along with the trace currently being measured. The frequency range will be changed to the recalled trace’s settings. To remove a recalled trace from the display, press the ESCAPE key from the Save and Recall screen. ☞ From Save and Recall, scroll to the trace to be recalled OR The trace is recalled 76 NOTE: Calibration will automatically be turned off if the recalled trace was saved with a different frequency range.
Old Save and Recall Recall Setup Press from Save and Recall The Setup menu is displayed Scroll to the setup to be recalled or The setup is recalled 77
Bird Site Analyzer Delete Trace From Save and Recall, scroll to the trace to be deleted Press to delete the trace.
Old Save and Recall Delete Setup Press from Save and Recall The Setup menu is displayed Scroll to the setup to be deleted Press to delete the setup.
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Chapter 8 Measure Power Mode This measurement verifies and monitors the condition of the transmitter system. Up to three measurement values can be simultaneously displayed, depending on the sensor. One measurement is also displayed on an analog dial. For best results with element-based sensors, connect the sensor and enter the power rating of the forward element before taking any readings. Measure Power Mode Waiting for Sensor...
Bird Site Analyzer Connecting a Sensor CAUTION +22 dBm max. input Do not apply RF power to Antenna Test Port. Exceeding the maximum input will damage the Site Analyzer. The antenna test port is only used for testing unpowered systems. For power measurement, an external power sensor connected to the Remote Power Sensor Port must be used. Connect the Bird Site Analyzer to power sensors using the built-in serial port, labeled “Remote Power Sensor” (see “Connection Description” on page 7).
Measure Power Mode Setting the Full Scale Power The Bird Site Analyzer will automatically set the full scale power for sensors that do not use elements. For element-based sensors, enter the power listed on the forward element. The reflected element’s power rating should be 10% of the forward element’s. Press from Measure Power Mode Measure Power Mode Configuration Screen Scroll to Full Scale Recall Setups Fwd 0.000 KWatts 1.20 Enter the forward element power Offset FullScale 0.00 dB 1000.
Bird Site Analyzer Setting the Offset To read unattenuated power when using a coupler or attenuator, enter (in dB) the attenuation or coupling factor. To convert percentages to dB, use the equation: Attenuation(dB) = 10 x Log10 [Attenuation(%) / 100] Press from Measure Power Mode Measure Power Mode Configuration Screen Recall Setups Fwd 0.00 KWatts 24.00 Scroll to Offset 16.00 dB Offset Enter the new value FullScale 500.
Measure Power Mode Recall Setups Power measurement setups can be created using the Bird Site Analyzer PCTool Software, then stored in the Site Analyzer’s nonvolatile memory. These setups store both the offset and full scale power. Press from Measure Power Mode Measure Power Mode Select Power Setup Recall Press to display the Power Setup menu Name Offset Setup1 Dflt1 Dflt2 Dflt3 Dflt4 Dflt5 Dflt6 Dflt7 16.00 1000.00 W 0.00 500.00 W 0.00 500.00 W 0.00 500.00 W 0.00 500.00 W 0.00 500.00 W 0.00 500.
Bird Site Analyzer Choosing the Displayed Measurement The primary display shows one value on the large numerical display and the dial. Other measurements are displayed numerically below the dial. ☞ NOTE: When using a terminating power sensor, only forward power can be measured. Reflected power and match will not be displayed. Measure Power Mode Sensor Connected Display Match Toggle between Fwd, Refl, and Match 86 Match 0.00 Loss (dB) PwrUnit Watts 0.00 MatchUnit Rtn Loss Fwd 0.0 Watts Refl 0.
Measure Power Mode Setting Units Toggle between Watts and dBm Measure Power Mode Sensor Connected Display Fwd Fwd -30.00 dBm PwrUnit dBm Toggle between VSWR, Return Loss, and Match Efficiency 58.00 MatchUnit VSWR Refl Match -30.00 dBm 2.
Bird Site Analyzer Calibrating the Bird 5011 CAUTION When using a Bird 5011, do not exceed 2 W average or 125 W peak power for 5 µs. Doing so will render the sensor inoperative. The Bird 5011 is a highly accurate terminating power sensor. Over time, the sensor’s “zero value” (reading with no applied RF power) can drift, making all readings inaccurate by this value. For example, if the zero value is –2 µW, measuring a 5 mW signal will give a reading of 4.998 mW, a 0.04% error.
Measure Power Mode Measure Power Mode Configuration Screen Press to the warning Recall Setups Fwd 0.00 mWatts Calibrate 5011 WARNING Do not disconnect sensor until cal is complete. Wait for calibration to finish 12.00 Offset 0.00 dB FullScale 0.01 Watts Measure Power Mode Configuration Screen Recall Setups Fwd Calibrate 5011 0.00 mWatts 12.00 Offset 0.00 dB FullScale 0.
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Chapter 9 Utilities These utilities adjust the Bird Site Analyzer’s date and time, return the unit to default settings, or check the printer status.
Bird Site Analyzer Adjust Date and Time Utility Mode System Model SA-2500A, 780 - 2500 MHz Press to display the system settings Printer SN: 00000000 8 Feb 2002 FM Mod Current Date / Time: 12 - DEC - 2001 12:05 p Rtn To Defaults Utility Mode System Scroll through the date & time Model SA-2500A, 780 - 2500 MHz Printer SN: 00000000 8 Feb 2002 FM Mod Change the date or time 92 Current Date / Time: 12 - FEB - 2002 12:05 p Rtn To Defaults
Utilities Return to Defaults All settings will be returned to the factory presets. Saved traces and setups will not be affected. This function should be used after a unit failure and on first power up. Utility Mode System Model SA-2500A, 780 - 2500 MHz Press to return all settings to factory presets Printer SN: 00000000 8 Feb 2002 FM Mod Return to defaults executed.
Bird Site Analyzer FM Modulation The Bird Site Analyzer uses FM modulation to improve its immunity to interfering signals. Under certain circumstances, such as while making cable loss or other high reflection measurements with long cables, FM modulation may reduce signal quality. In that case, the modulation should be turned off. y FM modulation is on by default, and will be turned back on whenever the unit is reset to defaults.
Utilities Printer The Bird Site Analyzer is compatible all printers that use HP PCL Level 3, including most HP printers. When a printer error occurs, this screen will display an error message describing the printer problem.
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Chapter 10 Computer Software The Bird Site Analyzer Software is designed to help you use the Site Analyzer more effectively. The software enables use of a PC for archiving and analyzing measurement data. Features y Multiple Document Interface - allows any number of trace documents to be open simultaneously. y Intelligent drag-and-drop automatically converts traces to a common scale for precise and reliable comparisons. y Documents can be viewed in the frequency or distance domains, or as a Smith chart.
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Chapter 11 Maintenance Cleaning CAUTION Harsh or abrasive detergents, and some solvents, can damage the display unit and labels. Only clean the Site Analyzer with a soft cloth dampened with mild detergent and water. Do not use any other type of cleaning solution. Charging the Battery The internal battery pack is charged while the Site Analyzer is connected to the ac adapter or the automobile cigarette lighter adapter. Recharging time, from a full discharge, is approximately 4 hours.
Bird Site Analyzer Troubleshooting Any service procedure not covered in this manual should be referred to an authorized service facility. Locate the problem, review the possible causes, and perform the action listed. If the problem is not corrected, give us a call or return the unit for service. Problem Possible Cause Unit will not power up Battery pack drained Possible Correction Charge the battery pack. Battery pack unable to keep a charge Replace the battery pack.
Maintenance Problem Possible Cause Possible Correction Keys do not respond Unit is “Locked Up” Turn the unit off and then back on. Perform a full system initialization. Disconnect the AC adapter, hold down the Contrast key and turn the unit off. Turn the unit back on. Limit line not drawing Turn the limit line off and then back on. Recalled fault location No fault location trace is invalid.
Bird Site Analyzer Battery Replacement y Lay the Site Analyzer, display side down, on a clean surface. y Remove the four screws and the battery cover. Refer to the figure below. ☞ NOTE: Check the direction of the notch in the Battery Cover. It is important to replace the cover the same way it was removed. y Disconnect and remove the old battery pack from the battery compartment. ☞ NOTE: Do not tear the protective label covering the EPROM and Reset access.
Maintenance Unit Reset y Lay the Site Analyzer, display side down, on a clean surface. y Remove the battery. Follow the instructions in “Battery Replacement”, page 102. y Remove the label covering the Reset and EPROM access. Refer to the figure on the previous page. y Press the Reset button with a nonconductive instrument. y Place a new label over the Reset and EPROM access area. y Replace the battery and battery cover. Follow the directions in “Battery Replacement”, page 102.
Bird Site Analyzer Flash ROM Upgrade (SA-2500A Only) The SA-2500A uses flash-programmable ROM. It is not necessary to replace the EPROM to upgrade the firmware. ☞ NOTE: The update process will erase the memory of the Site Analyzer, including all saved traces and setups. Use the PC software to save all traces to a PC before updating the flash ROM. y Install the FlashLoader program on a PC. y Turn off the Site Analyzer and disconnect the external power supply.
Maintenance EPROM Replacement The EPROM should not need to be replaced by the user. If the EPROM does ever need to be replaced, it should only be replaced by qualified service personnel. ☞ NOTE: The Model SA-2500A uses flashprogrammable ROM. It is not necessary to replace the EPROM to upgrade the firmware. y Make sure the power is turned off and the ac adapter is removed from the unit. y Lay the Site Analyzer, display side down, on a clean surface. y Remove the battery.
Bird Site Analyzer Customer Service If you need to return the unit for any reason, contact the Bird Service Center for a return authorization. All instruments returned must be shipped prepaid and to the attention of Bird Service Center. Service Facility Sales Facilities Bird Service Center 30303 Aurora Road Cleveland (Solon), Ohio 44139-2794 Phone: (440) 519-2298 Fax: (440) 519-2326 E-mail: bsc@bird-technologies.
Maintenance Specifications Frequency Characteristics Frequency Range: Model SA-2000 Model SA-2000A Model SA-2500A 806 MHz to 2000 MHz 806 MHz to 2300 MHz 780 MHz to 2500 MHz Frequency Resolution: 50 kHz Frequency Accuracy: ± 150 kHz (75 ppm) Number of Points: 238 Measurement Range and Resolution Range Resolution Return Loss: 0.0 to –60.0 dB 0.1 dB VSWR: 1.00 to 99.99 0.
Bird Site Analyzer Distance to Fault (DTF) Measurement Mode Internal Resolution [R] X-Axis: 8 3 ×10 R ≡ -----------------------------2 × ε r × ∆F Where R=Resolution (meters), εr=Dielectric Constant*, ∆F= frequency bandwidth Y-Axis: 0.1 dB, 0.01 VSWR Range X-Axis: Y-Axis: 238 x R 0 to –60 dB Accuracy X-Axis: Y-Axis: Vp Range ± 2% of full-scale range with Vp = 1 Same as for Return Loss Measurements 0.20 to 1.00, or 1.
Maintenance Printer Interface Port Connector: Compatibility: Female DB-25, compatible with PC parallel port. HP Deskjet printers with PCL Level 3 protocol Power Requirements Internal: External DC: External AC: Lithium-ion rechargeable battery 3 hours minimum operating time 9 to 16 Vdc 90 to 264 Vac @ 45 to 66 Hz Physical Specifications Dimensions: Weight: 10.44” x 8.38” x 3.28” (265 x 212 x 83 mm) < 5 lbs. (2.
110 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 0 -5 -15 Measured Return Loss (dB) -10 Site Antenna Tester Measurement Uncertainty -20 -25 Bird Site Analyzer Measurement Uncertainty (Return Loss after one refresh) Uncertainty (dB)
Maintenance Optional Equipment Available Precision Open/Short/Load Combination: Connector Type Part Number Male N CAL-MN-B Female N CAL-FN-B Male 7/16 DIN CAL-ME-B Female 7/16 DIN CAL-FE-B Armored (phase stable) Test Cables: Connector Types Length Part Number Male N to Male N 1.5 meter TC-MNMN-1.5 Male N to Male N 3.0 meter TC-MNMN-3.0 Male N to Male N 5.0 meter TC-MNMN-5.0 Male N to Female N 1.5 meter TC-MNFN-1.5 Male N to Female N 3.0 meter TC-MNFN-3.0 Male N to Female N 5.
Bird Site Analyzer Hard Transit Case External Battery Pack P/N: 7002C870 Holds Site Analyzer, standard accessories, calibration combo, armored cable assembly, and adapters. P/N: SA–BATPAK Includes ac adapter and dc power cord. Directional Power Sensor P/N: 5010 Sensor for Thruline power measurement. Requires two DPM elements. DPM Elements Refer to DPM Element Guide, P/N 871-DPM-019-901, for a complete list of Bird DPM elements.
Limited Warranty All products manufactured by Seller are warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of two (2) years, unless otherwise specified, from date of shipment and to conform to applicable specifications, drawings, blueprints and/or samples.
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Manufacturer: Bird Electronic Corporation 30303 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139-2794 Products: Site Analyzer Models: SA-2500A The undersigned hereby declares, on behalf of Bird Electronic Corporation of Cleveland, Ohio, that the above-referenced products, to which this declaration relates, are in conformance with the provisions of the following standards.
